measuring mechanical, thermal, biological, chemical, optical, and magnetic phenomena. The electronics then process the information derived from the sensors and through some decision making capability direct the actuators to respond by moving, positioning, regulating, pumping, and filtering, thereby controlling the environment for some desired outcome or purpose.
MEMS support programs, AFOSR support basic research in materials and MEMS research, DARPA creates MUMPS foundry services with MCNC in 1993, NIST supports commercial foundries for CMOS and MEMS; ➢ In our country, “micron/nanometer manufacture technology national key laboratory” was founded in 1996; ➢ In 1992, Chris Pister (UCLA) creates first micromachined hinge, it’s features open possibilities for pseudo-3D structures and assembly; ➢ In 1992, MCNC starts the Multi User MEMS Process (MUMPS);