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医学考博英语作文万能模板及范文Medical Doctoral English Writing TemplateIntroductionIn recent years, the competition for medical doctoral programs has become increasingly fierce. The ability to write high-quality essays in English plays a crucial role in the application process. This article aims to provide a template and sample essay for medical doctoral candidates to help them improve their chances of success.Template1. Introduction- Briefly introduce the topic and state your purpose.- Provide background information on the importance of English writing skills in the application process.2. Body- Paragraph 1: Personal backgroundDescribe your academic background, relevant research experience, and career goals.- Paragraph 2: Reasons for pursuing a medical doctoral degreeExplain your motivation for pursuing a doctorate in medicine and how it aligns with your career goals.- Paragraph 3: Research interestsDiscuss your specific research interests and why they are important or relevant.- Paragraph 4: Research experienceHighlight your previous research experience, including any publications or presentations.- Paragraph 5: Collaboration and contributionsDiscuss how you intend to collaborate with others in your field and contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge.- Paragraph 6: Future goalsExplain your long-term career goals and how a doctorate in medicine will help you achieve them.3. Conclusion- Summarize your main points.- Reiterate your enthusiasm for the program.- Thank the admissions committee for considering your application.Sample EssayEver since I was a child, I have been fascinated by the world of medicine. My passion for helping others and understanding the complexities of the human body has driven me to pursue a career in medical research. As a dedicated student with a strong academic background in biology and chemistry, I believe that a doctorate in medicine is the next logical step in my academic journey.My research interests lie in the field of molecular biology, particularly in the study of genetic diseases. I am fascinated by the mechanisms that govern gene expression and how mutations can lead to various disorders. Through my previous research experiences, I have gained valuable skills in molecular techniques and data analysis, which have prepared me for the challenges of doctoral research.One of my primary goals as a researcher is to collaborate with experts in the field and contribute to the development of novel therapies for genetic diseases. I am excited about the prospect of working with like-minded individuals who arededicated to advancing medical knowledge and making a positive impact on society.In conclusion, I am thrilled at the opportunity to pursue a medical doctoral degree at your esteemed institution. I am confident that my background, research interests, and career goals make me a strong candidate for your program. Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to the possibility of contributing to the vibrant research community at your university.ConclusionWriting a successful essay for a medical doctoral program requires careful planning and attention to detail. By following the template and sample essay provided in this article, candidates can effectively communicate their qualifications and motivation for pursuing a doctorate in medicine. With a well-crafted essay, candidates can increase their chances of securing admission to their desired program.。
医学考博英语作文范文Medical PhD English Writing: The Importance of Medical Research。
Medical research plays an essential role in the advancement of healthcare. It is through research that we are able to understand diseases, develop new treatments, and improve patient outcomes. As a result, medical research is critical to the future of healthcare, and it is important that we continue to invest in it.One of the primary benefits of medical research is that it helps us to understand diseases. By studying the underlying causes of diseases, researchers can identify new treatment options and develop better ways to diagnose and prevent them. For example, medical research has led to the development of new cancer treatments that are moreeffective and less invasive than traditional therapies.In addition to understanding diseases, medical researchalso helps us to develop new treatments. Through clinical trials and other research studies, we can test the safety and effectiveness of new drugs and therapies. This allows us to identify treatments that are more effective and have fewer side effects than existing options. For example, medical research has led to the development of new drugsfor conditions like diabetes, heart disease, andAlzheimer's disease.Finally, medical research is critical to improving patient outcomes. By studying patient outcomes and analyzing data, researchers can identify best practices and develop new protocols for treating patients. This can lead to better patient outcomes and a higher quality of care. For example, medical research has led to the development of new protocols for treating heart attack patients that have significantly improved survival rates.In conclusion, medical research is essential to the future of healthcare. It helps us to understand diseases, develop new treatments, and improve patient outcomes. As a result, it is important that we continue to invest inmedical research and support the scientists and researchers who are working to advance our understanding of healthcare.。
In the realm of medical academia,the ability to articulate complex ideas in English is crucial for both communication and the dissemination of knowledge.Here are some tips and a sample essay on the topic of The Role of Technology in Modern Medicine to help you excel in writing medical English compositions.Tips for Writing Medical English Compositions:e Clear and Precise Language:Medical English requires the use of specific terminology.Avoid ambiguity and ensure that your language is precise to convey the intended meaning accurately.2.Structure Your Essay:A typical essay should have an introduction,body paragraphs, and a conclusion.Each section should flow logically from one to the next.3.Cite Reliable Sources:When discussing medical topics,its essential to reference credible sources such as peerreviewed journals,textbooks,and reputable medical organizations.4.Be Objective:Medical writing should remain objective and evidencebased.Avoid personal opinions and focus on presenting facts and data.5.Proofread:Ensure your essay is free of grammatical errors and typos.The clarity of your writing is paramount in medical communication.Sample Essay:The Role of Technology in Modern MedicineIntroduction:The advent of technology has revolutionized the field of medicine,leading to significant advancements in patient care,diagnostics,and treatment modalities.This essay will explore the impact of technology on modern medicine,focusing on areas such as telemedicine,artificial intelligence,and robotic surgery.Body Paragraph1Telemedicine:Telemedicine has emerged as a vital tool in healthcare delivery,particularly in remote and underserved areas.It allows for virtual consultations,thereby reducing the need for patients to travel long distances for medical attention.The integration of telemedicine has also facilitated the management of chronic conditions through remote monitoring and has been instrumental during the COVID19pandemic for reducing the risk of infection transmission.Body Paragraph2Artificial Intelligence:Artificial intelligence AI has been increasingly integrated into medical practice,aiding in the diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders.AI algorithms can analyze medical images and patient data to detect patterns that may be indicative of disease,often with greater speed and accuracy than human practitioners.Moreover,AI has the potential to predict patient outcomes and personalize treatment plans,thereby enhancing the efficacy of medical interventions.Body Paragraph3Robotic Surgery:Robotic surgery has transformed the landscape of surgical procedures,offering patients minimally invasive options with reduced recovery times and improved precision.Robots such as the da Vinci Surgical System provide surgeons with enhanced dexterity and control,allowing for complex surgeries to be performed with greater accuracy.This technology has been particularly beneficial in fields such as urology,gynecology,and cardiac surgery.Conclusion:In conclusion,technology has become an indispensable component of modern medicine, enhancing diagnostic capabilities,improving patient outcomes,and expanding access to healthcare.As technology continues to advance,it is imperative for the medical community to embrace these innovations while ensuring that ethical considerations and patient safety remain at the forefront.Final Thoughts:When writing a medical English composition,remember to maintain a professional tone, use appropriate terminology,and support your arguments with evidence from credible sources.The sample essay provided serves as a framework for discussing the impact of technology in medicine,but it is essential to adapt and expand upon this structure based on the specific requirements of your assignment.。
医学考博英语作文13分English:As a medical student preparing for the medical doctoral exam, it is crucial to have a strong command of medical English. The ability to understand and communicate in English is essential for academic research, international collaboration, and communication with patients from different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, I have been dedicated to improving my medical English proficiency through various means. I have attended English language courses specifically tailored for medical students, engaged in regular English practice sessions with classmates and professors, and actively sought out medical literature and resources in English. Additionally, I have actively participated in international medical conferences and workshops to further enhance my English communication skills in a professional setting. I believe that strong medical English skills are essential not only for passing the doctoral exam, but also for my future career as a medical professional where I will need to collaborate with colleagues across the globe and provide care to a diverse patient population.中文翻译:作为一名准备医学博士考试的医学生，掌握扎实的医学英语能力至关重要。
全国医学博士外语统一考试经验分享
作为医学博士外语统一考试的参与者，我想分享一些经验和技巧，希望能对即将参加该考试的人有所帮助。
首先，建议提前准备。
这个考试需要相当程度的英语听力和阅读能力，因此提前做一些准备是非常必要的。
可以通过听听力材料、阅读相关的医学文献来提升自己的听力和阅读能力。
其次，掌握一些常见的医学外语词汇。
该考试涉及到较多的医学术语，因此提前掌握一些常见的医学词汇是非常有帮助的。
可以通过背单词或者使用医学术语词典来提升自己的医学词汇量。
第三，多做模拟题。
做模拟题可以帮助提高自己的解题能力和应对考试的信心。
可以找一些模拟题进行练习，并分析其中的错误，找出自己的不足之处，然后针对性地进行复习和提升。
最后，保持良好的心理状态和时间管理能力。
考试往往会带给人一定的压力，因此保持良好的心理状态非常重要。
可以通过进行放松训练、娱乐活动等方式来缓解压力。
同时，要合理安排时间，在考试期间合理利用时间，合理分配各个部分的时间，不要过分依赖某一部分而忽略了其他部分。
总结来说，准备充分、提升词汇量、多做模拟题并保持良好的心理状态和时间管理能力是参加医学博士外语统一考试的关键。
希望这些建议对大家有所帮助，祝愿大家考试顺利！。
医学博士英语作文范文英文回答：As a medical doctor, I have encountered numerous challenges and opportunities in my career. One of the most significant challenges I faced was during my residency program. It was a demanding and rigorous period where I had to work long hours and handle complex medical cases.During my residency, I had the opportunity to work in different departments, such as internal medicine, surgery, and pediatrics. This allowed me to gain a wide range of experience and develop my skills in various areas of medicine. For example, I had the chance to assist in surgeries, diagnose and treat patients with complex medical conditions, and provide care to children with various illnesses.In addition to the practical experience, I also had the opportunity to conduct research and publish papers inmedical journals. This not only helped me stay updated with the latest advancements in my field but also contributed to the overall knowledge and understanding of medical science.Furthermore, I had the privilege of working with a diverse group of colleagues and patients. This not only enhanced my cultural sensitivity and communication skills but also allowed me to learn from different perspectives and approaches to medicine. For instance, I had the opportunity to work with doctors from different countries and learn about their healthcare systems and practices.Overall, my journey as a medical doctor has been both challenging and rewarding. It has allowed me to make a positive impact on the lives of patients and contribute to the advancement of medical science. I am grateful for the opportunities I have had and look forward to continuing my journey in the field of medicine.中文回答：作为一名医学博士，我在我的职业生涯中遇到了许多挑战和机遇。
Writing an essay in English as a medical doctor requires a blend of medical knowledge and the ability to articulate complex ideas in a clear and concise manner.Here are some tips and a sample essay to guide you through the process:Tips for Writing a Medical Doctors English Essay1.Understand the Assignment:Make sure you understand the prompt or question being asked.It could be about a medical case study,a new research finding,or a debate within the medical field.2.Research:Gather relevant and uptodate information from credible sources such as medical journals,textbooks,and reputable websites.3.Plan Your Essay:Outline your essay before you start writing.This includes an introduction,body paragraphs,and a conclusion.e Medical Terminology Appropriately:Use technical terms correctly to convey your points accurately.However,ensure that your language is accessible to your intended audience,whether they are medical professionals or laypeople.5.Cite Your Sources:Always give credit to the sources you use to support your arguments or statements.6.Edit and Proofread:Check for grammatical errors,clarity,and coherence.Make sure your essay flows logically from one point to the next.Sample Essay:The Impact of Telemedicine on Patient CareIntroductionIn recent years,the advent of telemedicine has revolutionized the healthcare industry. This essay will explore the impact of telemedicine on patient care,focusing on its benefits and challenges.Body Paragraph1:Benefits of TelemedicineTelemedicine offers several advantages,including increased accessibility to healthcare services,especially for those living in remote areas.It allows for remote consultations, reducing the need for patients to travel long distances to see a doctor.This not only saves time but also reduces the risk of exposure to infections,particularly during pandemics.Body Paragraph2:Challenges of TelemedicineDespite its benefits,telemedicine also presents challenges.One of the main concerns is the potential for misdiagnosis due to the lack of physical examination.Additionally,there are issues related to data privacy and the digital divide,where not all patients have equal access to the necessary technology.Body Paragraph3:Case StudiesSeveral studies have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine.For instance,a study published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research found that telemedicine was as effective as inperson consultations for managing chronic conditions such as diabetes.Body Paragraph4:Future ProspectsAs technology continues to advance,the potential for telemedicine to improve patient care is vast.Integration with artificial intelligence and machine learning could enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient monitoring.ConclusionIn conclusion,telemedicine has the potential to significantly improve patient care by increasing accessibility and reducing healthcare costs.However,it is essential to address the challenges associated with its implementation to ensure that it benefits all patients equitably.ReferencesSmith,J.2020.Telemedicine and chronic disease management.Journal of Medical Internet Research,225,e19000.Johnson,K.2021.The digital divide in healthcare:A barrier to telemedicine adoption. Health Informatics Journal,272,175185.Remember,when writing your essay,focus on clarity,accuracy,and relevance to your e evidence to support your arguments and ensure your writing is wellstructured and easy to follow.。
全国医学考博英语考试新得心得1、首先,考试要找到感觉,最好要做几套题,尤其就是考前一个月要做几套题，总结经验教训,分析得失！!２、如果时间充分,词汇量得提高扩展很重要,因为这与单词与阅读都相关，建议瞧托福词汇!！３、考试前模拟考试过程!!一定要分配好时间,考场上常有考生交卷时还没有涂完答题卡！！4、听力、作文非常重要！！一定下功夫搞好！半壁江山！大家都知道听力最快得提高法,就就是多听,最好得提高法,就就是边听边默写。
建议听托福真题听力,做完题反复听，我备考时耳朵上一直挂着托福听力MＰ3,考场上一定要聚精会神听录音内容,有些题目其实很简单！很多学校就是采用，放录音机或在阶梯大教室从大音箱里播放英语听力,其语音清晰度比我们平时多采用得耳机听英语要差很多,所以平时要加强音响、录音机播放英语听力得练习，有些考生平时没有这方面练习者，不适应,因此听力丢分不少,听力为英语考试得第一部分且占30分得高分,如考不好直接影响到继续考下去得信心、情绪、发挥及成绩,有些就产生了放弃得心理。
5、平时考听力多有预读题干及选项得习惯。
６、有多余得时间(考高分最好有这时间)，建议听听历年TOＥFL考试听力，非常有用，没准儿还出现原题。
７、真题最有用！!分析历年真题题目最可靠!蒋跃得模拟题与听力也有用，反复做题也就是熟悉题型与掌握知识得好方法。
８、考前一定要在规定得时间内写几篇作文:作文,只要复习充分都能考高分,大家复习一定要趁早，开始多抄写一些范文,最重要得一点,字迹一定要清晰。
作文就就是个框子,往里套就行,平常读文献时如果瞧到好得abstract，往往写得又好又简练，多多学习!ﻫ９、词汇部分占得比例少，千万别专门去背单词,做完往届得题把不会得词记牢,其实考博英语词汇经常重复,另外,词汇还需要拓展,在阅读中会体10、阅读,除了真题之外我还做过很多其她辅导书得题,觉得用处不大，做会到。
ﻫ真题就可以了,但如果真得要提高英语阅读,光做题也不够,拓展就是非常必要得。
【最新文档】医学考博英语写作高分技巧（必备）-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==医学考博英语写作高分技巧（必备）考生在医学考博英语写作时，往往是先用汉语思维，再经过一个翻译转换的过程，然后表达成英语。
这样写出的东西毫无疑问地受到汉语语句表达方式的影响。
下面是小编为您收集整理的医学考博英语写作高分技巧，欢迎阅读!医学考博英语写作高分技巧一：变通一个意念功能，可以用几种大体相当的语言方式表达出来，这是语言能力熟练的表现和结果。
英语专业的学生，都经过这方面的长期训练，才达到熟练的英语表达能力。
我们把这种训练叫做paraphrase.Paraphrase的能力，就是变通的能力。
非英语专业的学生，往往没有这种训练，也就很难用多种不同的形式来表达同一种意念。
但我们在培养英语写作能力的过程中，要有意识地注意练习和培养这种能力。
一个重要的概念，我们不能规避，但它的汉语表达形式让我们感到用英语表达不出来，或者感到硬用英语表达出来，结果多半是错的。
这时，我们就需要运用变通的技巧，或者说能力。
变通就是将汉语的意念医学|教育网搜集整理，用我们能够掌握的英语形式大体相当地表达出来。
变通的原则是把不会的变成会的，把复杂的变成简单的。
这和上面所讲的“写你会写的，不要写你想写的”原则是一致的。
考生可以根据自己所掌握的句型的熟练程度或上下文，自行做出好的选择。
总之，变通是一种必需的、有效的写作策略，随着英语语言能力的提高，变通的能力和技巧也会日益熟练，医学考博英语写作将不再是一件让人头痛的苦差事。
医学考博英语写作高分技巧二：规避规避不仅仅是因为意思及语句复杂，难以用英语表达，而且是因为其意思及语句不属于主要论点，避而不谈之后，对中心思想的完整性影响不大。
例如：在1997年的医学考博英语写作考题中，“碳水化合物是最主要也是最经济的功能营养素。
2024年医学英语考博写作
2024年医学英语考博写作应由本人根据自身实际情况书写，以下仅供参考，请您根据自身实际情况撰写。
在医学英语考博写作中，需要注意以下几点：
1. 了解考试要求和评分标准：在写作前，需要仔细阅读考试大纲和评分标准，了解考试要求和评分标准，以便更好地准备和应对考试。
2. 掌握医学英语基础知识：医学英语涉及到的词汇和表达方式比较专业，需要考生具备一定的医学英语基础知识。
建议考生在平时的学习中多积累医学英语词汇和表达方式，以便更好地应对考试。
3. 理解考试主题：在写作前，需要仔细阅读题目，理解考试主题，并根据主题进行有针对性的准备。
建议考生在平时的训练中多练习不同主题的写作，以提高自己的写作能力和应试能力。
4. 注重语言规范和表达方式：医学英语考博写作需要使用规范的语言和表达方式，考生需要注意语法、拼写、标点等方面的规范性。
同时，还需要注意表达方式的多样性，避免出现单调重复的表达方式。
5. 认真审阅和修改：在完成写作后，需要认真审阅和修改自己的作品，检查是否存在语法、拼写、标点等方面的错误。
同时，还需要注意表达方式的多样性和语言的流畅性，以提高自己的写作质量和应试能力。
总之，医学英语考博写作需要考生具备一定的医学英语基础知识和表达能力，同时还需要注意语言规范和表达方式的多样性。
只有认真准备和训练，才能在考试中取得好成绩。
全国医学考博英语考试新的心得1.首先，考试要找到感觉，最好要做几套题，尤其是考前一个月要做几套题，总结经验教训，分析得失！！2.如果时间充分，词汇量的提高扩展很重要，因为这与单词和阅读都相关，建议看托福词汇！！3.考试前模拟考试过程！！一定要分配好时间，考场上常有考生交卷时还没有涂完答题卡！！4.听力、作文非常重要！！一定下功夫搞好！半壁江山！大家都知道听力最快的提高法，就是多听，最好的提高法，就是边听边默写。
建议听托福真题听力，做完题反复听，我备考时耳朵上一直挂着托福听力MP3，考场上一定要聚精会神听录音内容，有些题目其实很简单！很多学校是采用，放录音机或在阶梯大教室从大音箱里播放英语听力，其语音清晰度比我们平时多采用的耳机听英语要差很多，所以平时要加强音响、录音机播放英语听力的练习，有些考生平时没有这方面练习者，不适应，因此听力丢分不少，听力为英语考试的第一部分且占30分的高分，如考不好直接影响到继续考下去的信心、情绪、发挥及成绩，有些就产生了放弃的心理。
5.平时考听力多有预读题干及选项的习惯。
6.有多余的时间（考高分最好有这时间），建议听听历年TOEFL考试听力，非常有用，没准儿还出现原题。
7.真题最有用！！分析历年真题题目最可靠！蒋跃的模拟题和听力也有用，反复做题也是熟悉题型和掌握知识的好方法。
8.考前一定要在规定的时间内写几篇作文：作文，只要复习充分都能考高分，大家复习一定要趁早，开始多抄写一些范文，最重要的一点，字迹一定要清晰。
作文就是个框子，往里套就行，平常读文献时如果看到好的abstract，往往写的又好又简练，多多学习！9.词汇部分占的比例少，千万别专门去背单词，做完往届的题把不会的词记牢，其实考博英语词汇经常重复，另外，词汇还需要拓展，在阅读中会体会到。
10.阅读，除了真题之外我还做过很多其他辅导书的题，觉得用处不大，做真题就可以了，但如果真的要提高英语阅读，光做题也不够，拓展是非常必要的。
向大家推荐《Scientific American》和《Nature》等高级科普、专业杂志。
你会发现阅读多了就非常有用，对词汇和听力也有很大帮助。
这就是我的一点经验了，希望对大家有点帮助！附原创作文策略总结一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！12－15句话。
二、摘要的结构、写作大纲推荐结构1 导言段2正文段（正反两方面） 3 结论段保守结构1原文结构2原文要点 3 无结论点睛1.文章分段; 2.充分利用标题;3.段段都有主题句;4末句重复主题句（首尾呼应）三、三种类型如何做how to do；描写议论what’s it and why is it so；综合型what and how to do常用句式：记住what，how ，why写作思路，以及正反两方面分别论述！如果涉及到使用主语是可用the author/essay , 不用第一人称my 、me、I等！！四、考场写作技巧①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。
②翻译标题，有标题就译，充分引用标题（标题嵌入首段的末句），没有标题不能加。
③三段式，导言+正文+结论，不用第一人称，注意客观性。
或者按原文要点格式！④主题句，段段都有，复合句不宜太短。
⑤规范主题句，结论有标志。
⑥末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。
⑦起草摘要，切忌照抄或逐字翻译，要用自己的语言，摆脱原文束缚，达到摘要的目的。
整理修改，使文章简练，同时使用连接词，使文章具有连贯性和统一性。
五、写作中几个禁忌1.逐字翻译;2.引用过细，例子、数字、人名、地名等;3.引用故事，原话（除非故事占大部分内容）;4.被原文牵着鼻子走。
5.使用原文意以外的称呼或个人观点！？六、摘要文章的框架：内容为医学科普文章，时间和字数：50分钟；约200词，一般是几个要点就可分几个小段落，大约是12-15个句子左右。
七、背诵模版：This essay focus on the topic of……that ……. However，why did …happen? what should be done to……?With the speedup of/increasing ……, /Now an increasing number of people come to realize that ……It is said that/Accumulated data have indicated that……结尾总结回应主题Taking into account all the factors listed above, the author/paper reaches the conclusion /suggests that concerted efforts should be made to；have access to医学考博写作常用核心关键词汇1.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病，霍乱（传染病）＝cholera，acute gastroenteritis；aloe ['ælәu] n. 芦荟, 芦荟叶汁2.虫媒insect pollination，entomophil；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease：vector-borne infectious diseases：malaria,dengue fever, schistosomiasis，and viral encephalitis/yellow fever疟疾、登革热、血吸虫病；肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome；3.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热；arthropod-borne virus encephalitis 节肢动物传播的病毒性脑炎；4.爆发流行：break out, burst out,explode; an epidemic outbreak of，outburst ,explosion5.传染：infect/infection/ infectious,catching,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable；communicable可传达的, 会传染的，[医] 有传染性的; communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的6.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission7.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation8.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate9.福祉well-being, happiness；衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile10.sensual肉欲的, 色情的, 世俗的, 感官的, 感觉论的11.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的doctor-patient communication＝communication between doctors and patients；history, complain of, complaint, examine；Sanlu scandal三鹿事件；food safety/security；12.婴幼儿保健the baby and child /Infant health care13.Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.做最好的打算，最坏的准备。
14.下降、减少reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase;16.禽流感H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全food safety; 抗氧化药物和食品anti-oxidation drugs and foods;AIDs;抗抑郁药物anti-depression drugs;人工心脏artificial heart; 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应immediate response to;关注民生concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being;城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system17.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system；讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene18.孝敬的filial piety filial piety to，treat their parents with filial respect19.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食；tuna金枪鱼(肉), <植>金枪仙人掌；green beans青豆,绿蚕豆；kidney bean四季豆；mung bean 绿豆preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施20.a flash in the pan 昙花一现，昙花一现的人物，一时的成功21.过劳死karoshi; death from overwork 22.长期以来for a long time ; over the years22.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health23.更年期和老年期妇女卫生保健服务health care services for peri-menopausal and old women；hygienic health care of menopausal women24.承担主要责任：assume the primary responsibility for25.分类be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds.26.国际护士协会(ICN=international council of nurses)；基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations；基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle;27.抗旱能力drought resistance capacity；cold resistance capacity抗寒能力28.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity；月经期menstrual period29.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent;31.大规模流行large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak32.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying fromThe death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise.There have been more deaths from drowning.How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？33.归结为boil down to；come down to；归因为/归功于be attributable to、be。
