管理信息系统第5章练习有答案

专升本UOOC 管理信息系统第五章测验
一、单选题(共67.00 分)
1.数据流图的组成不包括( )
A.输入
B.数据存储
C.外部实体
D.处理
正确答案：A
2.在某企业财务管理系统的设计中，顶层数据流程图的外部实体包括（）
A.工资、固定资产和财务部门
B.银行、客户、供应商和固定资产部门
C.成本核算、生产、销售和运输部门
D.银行、客户、供应商及生产、销售部门
正确答案：D
3.系统分析的首要任务是（）。

A.尽量使用户接受分析人员的观点
B.正确评价当前系统
C.彻底了解管理方法
D.弄清用户要求
正确答案：D
4.判断表由以下几方面内容组成( )
A.条件,决策规则和应采取的行动
B.决策问题,决策规则,判断方法
C.环境描述,判断方法,判断规则
D.方案序号,判断规则
正确答案：A
5.数据流程图是自顶向下逐步分解的，被分解的元素是( )
A.数据存储
B.处理逻辑
C.外部实体
D.数据关联
正确答案：A
二、判断题(共33.00 分)
1.结构化系统分析的基本思想是采用“分解”和“抽象”的基本手段，运用“自顶向下，由粗到细，逐步求精”的策略。

( )
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：A
2.数据流必须通过处理逻辑（加工）。

A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：A
3.在数据流程图中的外部实体相对应，数据流程图中也有内部实体。

A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：B。

第一章信息系统和管理1．信息（ C ) a．是形成知识的基础b是数据的基础c是经过加工后的数据d．具有完全性3．管理信息是（ A )。

a．加工后反映和控制管理活动的数据b．客观世界的实际记录c．数据处理的基础d．管理者的指令4．信息化( A )。

A、是推动工业化的动力B、是工业化的基础C、代替工业化D、向工业化发展9．数据资料中含信息量的大小，是由（ C ）。

a．数据资料中数据的多少来确定的b．数据资料的多少来确定的c．消除不确定程度来确定的d．数据资料的可靠程度来确定的10．信息（ C )。

a．不是商品b．是数据c．是一种资源d．是消息11．计算机输入的是（ C )。

a．数据，输出的还是数据b．信息，输出的还是信息c．数据，输出的是信息d．信息，输出的是数据13．信息流是物质流的( C ）。

A定义B运动结果C表现和描述D假设14．管理信息系统科学的三要素是（ C )。

a．计算机技术、管理理论和管理方法b．管理方法、运筹学和计算机工具c．系统的观点、数学方法和计算机应用d．计算机技术、通信技术和管理工具15．按照不同级别管理者对管理信息的需要，通常把管理信息分为（D)三级a．公司级、工厂级、车间级b．工厂级、车间级、工段级c．厂级、处级、科级d．战略级、策略级、作业级第二章管理信息系统概论2．管理信息系统是一个（ D )。

a．网络系统b计算机系统c操作系统d．人机系统4．管理信息系统的应用离不开一定的环境和条件，环境具体指的是（ C ）. a．组织所处的自然环境b．组织所处的社会环境c．组织内外各种因素的综合d．组织所处的自然环境和社会环境的综合5．从管理决策问题的性质来看，在业务操作层上的决策大多属于（ A ）的问题。

a．结构化b．半结构化c．非结构化d．以上都有该题可以改成：决策支持系统解决的问题是（BC）7．对管理信息系统进行综合，我们可以了解到，管理信息系统是由多个功能子系统组成的,这些功能子系统又可以分为业务处理、运行控制、管理控制和（ D ）几个主要的信息处理部分。

《管理信息系统》习题及答案第一章信息系统与管理一、名词解释1、信息：是关于客观事实的可通讯的知识2、系统：由处于一定的环境中相互作用和相互联系的若干组成部分结合而成的并为达到整体目的而存在的集合。

3、信息系统：信息系统是一个人造系统，它由人、硬件、软件和数据资源组成的，目的是及时、正确地惧、加工、存储、传递和提供信息，实现组织中各项活动的管理、调节和控制。

4、半结构化问题：决策过程中，有些问题涉及到环境因素、决策者的心理、经验及其它不确定因素，使得决策过程不完全可理解和计算，这类问题称半结构化问题二、填空题1、系统的特征有（整体性、目的性、相关性、环境适应性）2、信息系统包括（信息处理系统）和（信息传输系统）3、按处理的对象，可把组织的信息系统划分为（作业信息系统）和（管理信息系统）4、信息系统的发展阶段有（电子数据处理系统、管理信息系统和决策支持系统）5、西蒙提出按问题的结构化程度不同可将决策问题划分为三种类型，它们是（结构化决策、非结构化决策和半结构化决策）三、简答题1、信息的特征答：事实性、时效性、不完全性、等级性（战略级、战术级、作业级）、变换性和价值性。

2、决策的四个阶段答：（1）情报活动阶段；（2）设计活动阶段（3）选择活动阶段（4）实施活动阶段3、什么是信息，信息与数据的区别？答：（1）信息是关于客观事实的可通讯的知识（2）区别：信息是经过加工处理的数据，即数据是原材料，而信息是产品，信息一定是数据但不是所以的数据都可以成为信息的。

第二章管理信息系统概论一、名词解释1、管理信息系统：是一个由人、计算机等组成的能进行信息惧、传递、储存、加工、维护和使用的系统。

二、填空1、管理信息系统的结构中，基于管理任务的系统层次结构可分为（战略管理、管理控制和运行控制）三层次结构。

2、工业企业按其劳动对象来分可分为（采掘业、冶炼业和制造业）三大类3、根据我国管理信息系统应用的实际情况和管理信息系统服务对象的不同，可将管理信息系统的分为（国家经济信息系统、企业管理信息系统、事务型管理信息系统、行政机关办公型管理信息系统和专业型管理信息系统）五种4、MRPII是指（制造资源规划）；ERP指（企业资源规划）；JIT 指（准时制生产）；OPT指（最优化生产技术）；AGILE指（敏捷制造）5、准时制生产追求的目标是（零库存）三、简答题1、管理信息系统的特点答：（1）面向管理决策（2）综合性（3）人机系统（4）现代管理方法和手段相结合的系统（5）多学科交叉的边缘学科。

第一章信息系统和管理练习11.信息化（ A）。

A. 是推动工业化的动力B. 是工业化的基础C. 代替工业化D. 向工业化发展2.信息是构成客观世界的基本要素之一。

(T)练习21.信息（A ）。

A. 是形成知识的基础B. 是数据的基础C. 是经过加工后的数据D. 具有完全性2.管理信息是（A）。

A. 加工后反映和控制管理活动的数据B. 客观世界的实际记录C. 数据处理的基础D. 管理者的指令3.数据（B ）。

A. 就是信息B. 经过解释成为信息C. 必须经过加工才成为信息D. 不经过加工也可以称作信息4.关于客观事实的信息（ C）。

A. 必须全部得到才能做决策B. 有可能全部得到C. 不可能全部得到D. 是不分主次的5、信息（C ）。

A. 不是商品B. 就是数据C. 是一种资源D. 是消息6、计算机输入的是（ A）。

A. 数据，输出的还是数据B. 信息，输出的还是信息C. 数据，输出的是信息D. 信息，输出的是数据7、按照不同级别管理者对管理信息的需要，通常把管理信息分为以下三级（ D）A. 公司级、工厂级、车间级B. 工厂级、车间级、工段级C. 厂级、处级、科级D. 战略级、策略级、作业级8．数据一般会影响人们的决定，而信息不会。

( F )练习31、数据资料中含信息量的大小，是由（C ）来确定的。

A. 数据资料中数据的多少B. 数据资料的多少C. 消除不确定程度D. 数据资料的可靠程度2．小概率事件的发生，其带给人们的信息量就小。

( Y )3．系统的信息量的增加总是表明不确定性的减少、有序化程度的增加( N )练习41、信息管理正在向（D ）发展。

A. 决策管理B. 数据管理C. ERPD. 知识管理练习51、作业信息系统由以下几部分组成（ B ）。

A. 办公自动化系统、决策支持系统、电子数据处理系统B. 业务处理系统、过程控制系统、办公自动化系统C. 执行信息系统、业务处理系统、信息报告系统D. 战略信息系统、电子数据处理系统、业务处理系统2、信息流是物质流的（ C ）。

管理信息系统课后题答案（1-12 章）第一章1。

3 如何理解人是信息的重要载体和信息意义的解释者？答：信息系统包括信息处理系统和信息传输系统两个方面。

信息处理系统对数据进行处理, 使它获得新的结构与形态或者产生新的数据。

由于信息的作用只有在广泛交流中才能充分发挥出来，因此，通信技术的发展极大地促进了信息系统的发展。

广义的信息系统概念已经延伸到与通信系统相等同。

这里的通信不仅是通讯，而且意味着人际交流和人际沟通，其中包含思想的沟通,价值观的沟通和文化的沟通.广义的沟通系统强调“人"本身不仅是一个重要的沟通工具，还是资讯意义的阐述者，所有的沟通媒介均需要使资讯最终可为人类五官察觉与阐述,方算是资讯的沟通媒介。

1.4 什么是信息技术?信息技术在哪些方面能给管理提供支持？答:广义而言，信息技术是指能充分利用与扩展人类信息器官功能的各种方法、工具与技能的总和.该定义强调的是从哲学上阐述信息技术与人的本质关系。

中义而言，信息技术是指对信息进行采集、传输、存储、加工、表达的各种技术之和。

该定义强调的是人们对信息技术功能与过程的一般理解。

狭义而言，信息技术是指利用计算机、网络、广播电视等各种硬件设备及软件工具与科学方法，对文图声像各种信息进行获取、加工、存储、传输与使用的技术之和.该定义强调的是信息技术的现代化与高科技含量。

信息技术对计划职能的支持；对组织职能和领导职能的支持; 对控制职能的支持。

由此可见, 信息系统对管理具有重要的辅助和支持作用，现代管理要依靠信息系统来实现其管理职能，管理思想和管理方法.1。

5 为什么说管理信息系统并不能解决管理中的所有问题?答：管理是一种复杂的获得，它既涉及客观环境,又涉及人的主观因素. 由于生产和社会环境的复杂性, 也由于事物之间复杂的相互联系和事物的多变性，等等原因，人们在解决管理问题时不可能掌握所有的数据, 更不可能把所有的，待选择的解决方案都考虑进去,而管理信息系统解决问题时运行的程序是由人来编写的。

《第五章管理信息系统的战略规划和开发方法》习题一、判断题（必做作业）1．诺兰阶段模型是关于把计算机应用到一个单位的管理中一般要经历的从初级到成熟的成长过程的规律。

√2．一些组织在计算机应用的初装和蔓延阶段，各种条件（设备、资金、人力）尚不完备，常常采用“自下而上”的管理信息系统开发策略。

√3．在实践中，建设MIS（管理信息系统）的正确策略是，先自上而下地作好MIS（管理信息系统）的战略规划，再自下而上地逐步实现各系统的应用开发。

×4．MIS（管理信息系统）战略规划是一个组织的战略规划的重要组成部分，是关于MIS（管理信息系统）长远发展的规划。

√5．由于建设MIS（管理信息系统）是一项耗资大、历时长、技术复杂且涉及面广的系统工程，在着手开发之前，必须认真地制定有充分根据的MIS（管理信息系统）战略规划。

×6．任何系统都有一个发生、发展和消亡的过程，管理信息系统是个例外。

√7．原型法适合于大型信息系统的开发。

√8．结构化系统开发方法的不足之处是开发过程复杂繁琐，周期长，系统难以适用环境的变化。

√9．信息技术的推陈出新将在相当程度上给MIS（管理信息系统）的开发带来影响（如处理效率、响应时间等），并决定将来MIS（管理信息系统）性能的优劣。

√10．在管理信息系统建设中仅仅用计算机去模拟原手工系统，就能从根本上提高企业的竞争力。

×11．企业系统规划法（BSP）是一种能够帮助规划人员根据企业目标制定出MIS（管理信息系统）战略规划的结构化方法。

√12．信息技术的应用有可能会改变原有手工方式下的信息采集、加工和使用方式，甚至使信息的质量、获取途径和传递手段等都发生根本性的变化。

√13．CASE（Computer Aided Software Engineering）工具实际上把原先由手工完成的开发过程转变为以自动化工具和支撑环境支持的自动化开发过程。

√14．系统分析阶段主要完成新系统的物理设计，系统设计阶段主要完成新系统的逻辑设计。

《管理信息系统（第五版）》各章复习思考题参考答案《管理信息系统（第五版）》各章复习思考题参考答案或提示第一章信息系统和管理复习思考题参考答案或提示1.1 什么是信息？信息和数据有何区别？[答] 信息是经过加工以后、对客观世界产生影响的数据。

信息的概念不同于数据。

数据（Data，又称资料）是对客观事物记录下来的，可以鉴别的符号。

数据经过处理仍然是数据。

处理数据是为了便于更好的解释。

只有经过解释，数据才有意义，才成为信息。

同一数据，每个人的解释可能不同，其对决策的影响可能不同。

决策者利用经过处理的数据做出决策，可能取得成功，也可能得到相反的结果，这里的关键在于对数据的解释是否正确，因为不同的解释往往来自不同的背景和目的。

1.2 试述信息流与物流、资金流、事务流的关系？[答] 组织中各项活动表现为物流、资金流、事务流和信息流的流动。

“物流”是实物流动的过程。

物资的运输，产品从原材料采购、加工直至销售都是物流的表现形式。

“资金流”指的是伴随物流而发生的资金流的流动过程。

“事务流”是各项管理活动的工作流程，例如原材料进厂进行的验收、登记、开票、付款等流程；厂长作出决策时进行的调查研究、协商、讨论等流程。

信息流与其它三个流的关系可表述如下：“信息流”伴随物流、资金流、事务流的流动而流动，它既是其它三种流的表现和描述，又是用于掌握、指挥和控制其他流运行的软件资源。

1.3 如何理解人是信息的重要载体和信息意义的解释者？[答]说人是信息的重要载体是因为人有脑子，存储了大量信息。

数据，经过处理仍然是数据, 只有经过解释以后，它才有意义，才成为信息。

同一数据，每个人的解释可能不同。

这里的关键在于对数据的解释是否正确，因为不同的解释者往往具有不同的背景和目的。

而解释数据的正是人。

1.4 什么是信息技术？信息技术在哪些方面能给管理提供支持?[答] 凡可以扩展人的信息功能的技术都是信息技术，如计算机技术、通信技术、传感技术等。

参考答案思考题1.什么叫系统分析？系统分析的任务是什么？答：系统分析就是依据系统的思想，把复杂的对象分解成简单的组成部分，并找出这些部分之间的关系。

管理信息系统分析的任务是在系统详细调查的基础上，对组织内部的管理状况和信息处理过程进行分析，在系统分析完成之后，提出新系统的逻辑方案。

其主要任务是：详细调查、用户需求分析、业务流程分析和数据流程分析、提出新系统的逻辑模型、编写系统分析报告。

2.简述系统分析包含的主要过程及每一过程的主要内容。

答：系统分析阶段的工作步骤主要有：（1）详细调查和分析用户需求：在系统分析阶段，则应在初步调查的基础上，进一步系统地收集组织有关信息，分析用户需求，明确系统分析的目标。

（2）组织结构、管理功能与业务流程分析：在详细调查的基础上，用图表和文字对现行系统进行描述；（3）数据流程分析：主要包括对信息的产生、流动、处理与存储的分析; （4）确定初步的逻辑模型：在进一步明确新系统开发目标的基础上，通过对现行系统的分析和优化，确定出新系统的逻辑功能结构；（5）编制系统分析报告：对详细调查结果和以上分析的结果采用图表进行描述，辅Z以适当的文字说明，就构成了系统分析报告。

3.详细调查有什么特点？它与初步调查的区别是什么？答：详细调查是要了解现行系统中信息处理的具体情况，而不是系统的外部情况，是要弄清现行系统的基本逻辑功能及信息流程，其重点在于调查分析系统内部功能结构，包括组织结构、业务流程、数据流程、数据存储及其组成等。

详细调查的细致程度比初步调查要高得多, 工作量也大，参加的人也多，而且要有一些熟悉现行系统业务和管理工作的人员参加。

详细调查与初步调查的对比初步调查详细调查目的为可行性分析提供依据为确定新系统的逻辑模型提供依据内容（1）原系统的概况（2）原系统的总体功能（3）原系统存在的问题（4）新系统的开发条件与约束条件（1）原系统的详细情况和具体结构（2）原系统的功能层次结构（3）原系统存在问题的具体情况以及改进途径（4）原系统的信息流程、数据结构以及业务处理方法详细程度粗略详细工作量小大4.简述系统调查的内容及其方法。

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 9e (Laudon/Laudon)Chapter 5 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases andInformation Management1) Each characteristic or quality describing a particular entity is called an attribute. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension2) A grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number is called a record.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension3) Every record in a file should contain at least one key field.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension4) In normalization, complex groupings of data are streamlined to eliminate awkward many-to-many relationships.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 163AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension5) DBMS simplify how end users work with databases by separating the logical and physical views of the data.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension6) Many applications today require databases that can store and retrieve multimedia. Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension7) One of the drawbacks to OODBMS is that they cannot work with applets.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension8) OODBMS are slower than relational DBMS.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension9) A data warehouse may include information from legacy systems.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 170AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension10) A data warehouse is typically comprised of several smaller data marts.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 170, 172AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension11) OLAP is a key tool of BI.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 173AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension12) OLAP is used to find hidden patterns and relationships in large databases, and infer rules from these to infer future behavior.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 174AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension13) Data mining can be a challenge to individual privacy.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 176AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension14) Predictive analysis is a technique of data mining.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 175AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension15) Implementing a Web interface for a database requires changes to the database itself. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension16) Common Gateway Interface is a specification for processing data on a Web server. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension17) In linking databases to the Web, the role of the application server is to host the DBMS. Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension18) A firm’s information policy lays out who is responsible for updating and maintaining the information in a database system.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 178AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension19) The use of different terms for identifying data in a firm's various information systems is an example of redundant data.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 179AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension20) Data cleansing is the same process as data scrubbing.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 179AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension21) Which of the following is not a true statement about MDM?A) Its goal is to ensure a company is not using multiple versions of the same data.B) It is a multi-step process that includes business process analysis.C) It is a quality-of-data concept that is used to identify a company's most important data.D) Its goal is to create a single, authenticated master file for the company's data. Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 158AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess22) What is the first step you should take in managing data for a firm?A) Identify the data needed to run the businessB) Cleanse the data before importing it to any databaseC) Normalize the data before importing to a databaseD) Audit your data qualityAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of assemble, plan23) An example of a pre-digital database is a:A) library’s card-catalog.B) cash register receipt.C) doctor’s office invoice.D) list of sales totals on a spreadsheet.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 159AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize24) Which of the following best illustrates the relationship between entities and attributes?A) The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute PRODUCTB) The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute ADDRESSC) The entity PRODUCT with the attribute PURCHASED) The entity PRODUCT with the attribute CUSTOMERAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize25) The type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables is the:A) OODBMS.B) pre-digital DBMS.C) relational DBMS.D) hierarchical DBMS.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension26) What are the relationships that the relational database is named for?A) Relationships between rows and columnsB) Relationships between entitiesC) Relationships between fields and recordsD) Relationships between databasesAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160, 162AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of examine27) A characteristic or quality describing an entity is called a(n):A) field.B) tuple.C) key field.D) attribute.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension28) The most basic business database is comprised of:A) three tables: for customers, suppliers and parts, and sales.B) four tables: for customers, suppliers, parts, and sales.C) four tables: for customers, employees, suppliers and parts, and table sales.D) five tables: for customers, employees, suppliers, products, and sales.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of examine29) In a table for customers, the information about a single customer would reside in a single:A) field.B) row.C) column.D) table.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension30) In a relational database, a record is also called a(n):A) tuple.B) row.C) entity.D) field.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension31) A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table’s records is called the:A) primary key.B) key field.C) primary field.D) foreign key.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension32) A field identified in a record as holding the unique identifier for that record is called the:A) primary key.B) key field.C) primary field.D) foreign key.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 160AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension33) A schematic of the entire database that describes the relationships in a database is called a(n):A) data dictionary.B) intersection relationship diagram.C) entity-relationship diagram.D) data definition diagram.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 162AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension34) A one-to-one relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends:A) in two short marks.B) in one short mark.C) with a crow’s foot.D) with a crow’s foot topped by a short mark.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 162AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension35) A one-to-many relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends:A) in two short marks.B) in one short mark.C) with a crow’s foot.D) with a cr ow’s foot preceded by a short mark.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 162AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension36) A table that links two tables that have a many-to-many relationship is often called a(n):A) derived table.B) intersection relation.C) foreign table.D) entity-relationship table.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 162-163AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension37) The process of streamlining data to minimize redundancy and awkward many-to-many relationships is called:A) normalization.B) data scrubbing.C) data cleansing.D) data administration.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 163AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension38) A DBMS makes the:A) physical database available for different logical views.B) logical database available for different analytical views.C) physical database available for different relational views.D) relational database available for different physical views.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension39) The logical view of a database:A) shows how data are organized and structured on the storage media.B) presents an entry screen to the user.C) allows the creation of supplementary reports.D) presents data as they would be perceived by end users.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension40) Which of the following is not a typical feature of DBMS?A) Data manipulation languageB) Report generation toolsC) Data dictionaryD) Query wizard toolAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166-1688AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension41) Oracle Database Lite is a:A) DBMS for small handheld computing devices.B) popular open-source DBMS.C) Mainframe relational DBMS.D) DBMS for midrange computers.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension42) Access is a:A) DBMS for small handheld computing devices.B) popular open-source DBMS.C) DBMS for midrange computers.D) DBMS for desktop systems.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension43) MySQL is a:A) DBMS for small handheld computing devices.B) popular open-source DBMS.C) mainframe relational DBMS.D) DBMS for desktop systems.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension44) Microsoft SQL Server is a(n):A) DBMS for small handheld computing devices.B) Internet DBMS.C) Desktop relational DBMS.D) DBMS for midrange computers.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension45) In a relational database, the three basic operations used to develop useful sets of data are:A) select, project, and where.B) select, join, and where.C) select, project, and join.D) select, from, and join.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension46) The select operation:A) combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is otherwise available.B) creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.C) identifies the table from which the columns will be selected.D) creates a subset consisting of all records in the file that meets stated criteria.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension47) The join operation:A) combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is otherwise available.B) identifies the table from which the columns will be selected.C) creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.D) organizes elements into segments.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension48) The project operation:A) combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is otherwise available.B) creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.C) organizes elements into segments.D) identifies the table from which the columns will be selected.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension49) The data dictionary serves as an important data management tool by:A) assigning attributes to the data.B) creating an inventory of data definitions contained in the database.C) specifying the structure of the content of the database.D) maintaining data in updated form.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension50) An automated or manual file that stores information about data elements and data characteristics such as usage, physical representation, ownership, authorization, and security is the:A) data dictionary.B) data definition diagram.C) entity-relationship diagram.D) relationship dictionary.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension51) The specialized language programmers use to add and change data in the database is called:A) data dictionary language.B) data manipulation language.C) Structured Query Language.D) data definition language.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension52) The most prominent data manipulation language today is:A) Access.B) DB2.C) SQL.D) Crystal Reports.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 168AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension53) DBMS typically include report-generating tools in order to:A) retrieve and display data.B) display data in an easier-to-read format.C) display data in graphs.D) perform predictive analysis.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 168AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension54) The type of database management approach that can handle multimedia is the:A) hierarchical DBMS.B) relational DBMS.C) network DBMS.D) object-oriented DBMS.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension55) Which of the following database types is useful for storing Java applets as well as handling large numbers of transactions?A) Relational DBMSB) Hierarchical DBMSC) Object-relational DBMSD) OODBMSAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension56) A data warehouse is composed of:A) historical data.B) current data.C) internal and external data sources.D) both historical and current data.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 170AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension57) Which of the following statements about data warehouses is not true?A) They store supply data to be used across the enterprise for management analysis and decision making.B) Data warehouse systems provide a range of ad hoc and standardized query tools, analytical tools, and graphical reporting facilities.C) They may include data from Web site transactions.D) Data warehouse systems provide easy-to-use tools for managers to easily update data. Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 170AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension58) A data mart usually can be constructed more rapidly and at lower cost than a data warehouse because:A) it typically focuses on a single subject area or line of business.B) all the information is historical.C) it uses a Web interface.D) all of the information belongs to a single company.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 172-173AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Evaluation in terms of weighing alternatives59) Tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions are known as:A) DSS.B) business intelligence.C) OLAP.D) data mining.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 173AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension60) The tool that enables users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions is:A) predictive analysis.B) SQL.C) OLAP.D) data mining.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 174AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension61) OLAP is a tool for enabling:A) users to obtain online answers to ad hoc questions in a rapid amount of time.B) users to view both logical and physical views of data.C) programmers to quickly diagram data relationships.D) programmers to normalize data.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 174AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension62) Data mining is a tool for allowing users to:A) quickly compare transaction data gathered over many years.B) find hidden relationships in data.C) obtain online answers to ad hoc questions in a rapid amount of time.D) summarize massive amounts of data into much smaller, traditional reports. Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 175AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension63) In terms of the data relationships found by data mining, associations refers to:A) events linked over time.B) patterns that describe a group to which an item belongs.C) occurrences linked to a single event.D) undiscovered groupings.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 175AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension64) In terms of the data relationships found by data mining, sequences refers to:A) events linked over timeB) patterns that describe a group to which an item belongs.C) occurrences linked to a single event.D) undiscovered groupings.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 175AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension65) An alternative to using application server software for interfacing between a Web server and back-end databases is:A) CGI.B) HTML.C) Java.D) SQL.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension66) Businesses use ________ tools to search and analyze unstructured data sets, such as e-mails and memos.A) OODBMSB) Web miningC) text miningD) OLAPAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension67) The confusion created by ________ makes it difficult for companies to create customer relationship management, supply chain management, or enterprise systems that integrate data from different sources.A) batch processingB) data redundancyC) data independenceD) online processingAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 179AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension68) Detecting and correcting data in a database or file that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant is called:A) data auditing.B) defragmentationC) data scrubbingD) data optimizationAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 179AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension69) Which of the following would you use to find patterns in user interaction data recorded by Web servers?A) Web usage miningB) Web server miningC) Web structure miningD) Web content miningAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 176AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension70) Which of the following would you use to find out which Web sites with content related to database design were the most often linked to by other Web sites?A) Web usage miningB) Web server miningC) Web structure miningD) Web content miningAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 176AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize71) Relational database systems try to enforce ________ rules to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent.Answer: referential integrityDiff: 3 Page Ref: 163AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension72) A(n) ________ is special software for creating, storing, organizing, and accessing data froma database.Answer: database management system/DBMSDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension73) A(n) ________ view shows data as it is actually organized and structured on the storage media.Answer: physicalDiff: 2 Page Ref: 165AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension74) A(n) ________ is a language associated with a database management system that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database.Answer: data manipulation languageDiff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension75) A(n) ________ is an approach to data management that stores both data and procedures acting on the data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared.Answer: object-oriented DBMSDiff: 2 Page Ref: 169AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension76) A(n) ________ stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.Answer: data warehouseDiff: 2 Page Ref: 170AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension77) A(n) ________ is a dedicated computer in a client/server environment that hosts a DBMS. Answer: database serverDiff: 2 Page Ref: 177AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension78) A(n) ________ specifies the formal rules governing the maintenance, distribution, and use of information in an organization.Answer: information policyDiff: 2 Page Ref: 178AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension79) ________ is a special organizational function that manages the policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource.Answer: Data administrationDiff: 2 Page Ref: 178AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension80) A(n) ________ is a structured survey of the accuracy and level of completeness of the data in an information system.Answer: data quality auditDiff: 2 Page Ref: 180AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension81) The small publishing company you work for wants to create a new database for storing information about all of their author contracts. What difficulties do you anticipate?Answer: Data accuracy when the new data is input, establishing a good data model, determining which data is important and anticipating what the possible uses for the data will be, beyond looking up contract information, technical difficulties linking this system to existing systems, new business processes for data input and handling, and contracts management, determining how end users will use the data, making data definitions consistent with other databases, what methods to use to cleanse the data.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 165, 178-179AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing together different types of knowledge82) When you design the new contracts database for the publishing house mentioned above, what fields do you anticipate needing? Identify at least seven fields. Which of these fields might be in use in other databases of the company’s?Answer: Author first name, author last name, author address, agent name and address, title of book, book ISBN, date of contract, amount of money, payment schedule, date contract ends, author address. Other databases might be an author database (author names, address, and agent details), a book title database (title and ISBN of book), and financial database (payments made). Diff: 2 Page Ref: 160-163AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing together different types of knowledge83) What types of relationships are possible in a relational database? Describe and give an example of each.Answer: There are three types of relationships: one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many.A one-to-one relationship occurs when each record in one table has only one related record in a second table. An example might be a table of salespeople and a separate table of company cars. Each salesperson can only have one car, or be related to the one car in the database. Aone-to-many relationship occurs when a record in one table has many related records in a second table. An example might be a table of salespeople and clients. Each salesperson may have several clients. A many-to-many relationship occurs when records in one table have many related records in a second table, and the records in the second table have many related records in the first table. An example might be a clients table and a products table. Clients may buy more than one product, and products are sold to more than one client.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 162-163AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of build, model84) List and describe three main capabilities or tools of a DBMS.Answer: A DBMS includes capabilities and tools for organizing, managing, and accessing the data in the database. The most important are its data definition capability, data dictionary, and data manipulation language. The data definition capability specifies the structure of the contentof the database. It is used to create database tables and to define the characteristics of the fieldsin each table. This information about the database would be documented in a data dictionary. A data dictionary is an automated or manual file that stores definitions of data elements and their characteristics. Data dictionaries for large corporate databases may capture additional information, such as usage; ownership (who in the organization is responsible for maintaining the data); authorization; security; and the individuals, business functions, programs, and reports that use each data element. The data manipulation language is a specialized language used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database. This language contains commands that permit end users and programming specialists to extract data from the database to satisfy information requests and develop applications.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 166-168AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize85) List at least three causes of to data redundancy and inconsistency.Answer: Data redundancy and inconsistency can occur because of (1) different groups in an organization independently collecting the same piece of information in different systems; (2) employing different names and descriptions for the same entities or attributes; (3) failing to normalize a database; (4) incorrect data entry or failing to enforce consistency within the database; (5) lack of data cleansing or scrubbing.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 179AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize86) Identify and describe the three basic operations used to extract useful sets of data from a relational database?Answer: The select operation creates a subset consisting of all records (rows) in the table that meet stated criteria. The join operation combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is available in individual tables. The project operation creates a subset consisting of columns in a table, permitting the user to create new tables that contain only the information required.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 166AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize87) Describe the ways in which database technologies could be used by an office stationery supply company to achieve low-cost leadership.Answer: Student answers will vary; an example answer is: Databases could be used to make the supply chain more efficient and minimize warehousing and transportation costs. You can use OLAP to better analyze sales forecasts. You can also use sales databases and predictive analysis to determine what supplies are in demand by which customers, and whether needs are different in different geographical areas. DSS databases could be used to predict future trends in office supply needs, to help anticipate demand. You could use text mining to identify service issues or inefficiencies within the company. Databases could be used to determine the most efficient methods of transportation and delivery. In addition you could allow customers to order supplies through the Web and have these orders influence the entire supply chain and minimize warehousing costs.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 170-178AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing together knowledge from different places; Evaluation in terms of predict, assess88) Describe the ways in which database technologies could be used by an office stationery supply company to achieve product differentiation.Answer: Product databases could be made available to customers for greater convenience ordering online. Databases could be used to track customer preferences, to help anticipate customer desires. Sales databases could also help a client anticipate when they would needre-supply, providing an additional service. Data mining could help anticipate trends in sales or other factors to help determine new services and products to sell the clients. You could use web mining to analyze any web customer usage data to determine what products or features customers wanted.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 170-178AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing together knowledge from different places; Evaluation in terms of predict, assess。

管理信息系统课程作业及其参考答案管理信息系统课程作业及其参考答案第⼀章1、什么是信息？它和数据有何区别和联系？如何度量信息？答：信息是关于客观事实的可通讯的知识。

这是因为：第⼀，信息是客观世界各种事物的特征的反映。

这些特征包括事物的有关属性状态，如时间、地点、程度和⽅式等等。

第⼆，信息是可以通讯的。

⼤量的信息需要通过各种仪器设备获得。

第三，信息形成知识。

⼈们正是通过⼈类社会留下的各种形式的信息来认识事物、区别事物和改造世界的。

数据（Data，⼜称资料）是对客观事物的性质、状态以及相互关系等进⾏记载的物理符号或是这些物理符号的组合。

它是可识别的、抽象的符号。

这些符号不仅指数字，⽽且包括字符、⽂字、图形等等。

数据经过处理后，其表现形式仍然是数据。

处理数据的⽬的是为了便于更好地解释。

只有经过解释，数据才有意义，才成为信息。

因此，信息是经过加⼯以后、并对客观世界产⽣影响的数据。

数据是信息的表现形式，信息是数据有意义的表⽰。

信息量的⼤⼩取决于信息内容消除⼈们认识的不确定程度。

消除的不确定程度⼤，则发出的信息量就⼤；消除的不确定程度⼩，则发出的信息量就⼩。

信息量⼤⼩的单位⽤⽐特(Binary digit，bit)来衡量。

1⽐特的信息量是指含有两个独⽴均等概率状态的事件所具有的不确定性能被全部消除所需要的信息。

2、为什么说信息是有价值的？答：信息是经过加⼯并对⽣产经营活动产⽣影响的数据，是劳动创造的，是⼀种资源，因⽽是有价值的。

3. 如何理解⼈是信息的主要载体和信息意义的解释者？答：⾸先，⼈是信息的主要载体。

这是因为⼀个⼈在在⼀⽣中需要学习很多的知识来武装⾃⼰，这使得⼈们掌握了⼤量的信息，这些信息在⼈们需要的时候就会被利⽤⽽产⽣价值。

其次，⼈是信息意义的主要解释者。

信息只有经过解释才有意义，才能发挥它的应有的价值，⽽信息意义的解释过程主要由⼈来进⾏，⽬前尽管计算机对特定的信息进⾏⼀定的解释，但只能起到次要的作⽤。