Noun Clauses (名词性从句) 导学案
Part1.主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Subject）
一．导学
【什么是名词性从句？】
原来名词性从句是从另一个角度所命名的从句，即在句中起名词作用的从句就叫名词性从句名词性从句包括，，，。
名词性从句的引导词：
定义-----用作的从句就叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。
Step1：感悟下列各句的主语并且划出下列句中的主语：(标出词性)
1. You are a student
2. A tree has fallen across the road.
3. Smoking is bad for you.
4. T o find your way can be a problem.
5. It is impossible to finish this task in half an hour.
6. 30 years has seen the changes in our hometown.
Step2.认识主语从句，主语从句在从句中作主语。
1).What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.
2).Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.
3).Who will go makes no difference.
4).Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.
5).When they will have a new restaurant opened has not been decided yet.
6) How gold was found there is not clear.
7). Why there is gravity is hard to understand.
8）It is our duty that we students clean the classroom every day.
思考与探究：<1> 作主语的可以是
<2> 从句用什么语序？
<3> 8)句子的主语怎么不在句首？
★注意:
1. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is true that the earth is round.
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
2.表示“是否”意义时，用whether 而不用if引导主语从句，
Whether she will come or not is still a question .（但如果有形式主语it引导时，既可用whether，也可用if）。
3.有时可用形式主语it 代替主语从句：
e.g. It is still a question whether she will come or not . =It has not been decided
yet when they will start .
★用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that…很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…众所周知……
It has been decided that…已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… .....是常识It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It seems/appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that …我突然想起……
Step 3：寻规找矩：请划出下列各句的主语(部分)。
1. That she was chosen made us very happy.
2. Who will go to the concert is not known.
3. Whether she will come or not is still a question.
4. Which book they will choose is still unknown.
5. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.
6. Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.
7. How they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.
8 . What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.
9. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
10. It’s strange that he knows nothing about it.
11. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
12. It is said that President Hu Jingtao will visit our school next week.
[小结归纳]主语从句的引导词有：
_________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
★what与that在引导名词性从句时的区别:
what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语. 而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用,没有意义.
(1) ______ you said yesterday is right.
(2) ______ the earth goes around the sun is well-known to everybody.
Step3: 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。
who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever, when, where, how,
why, , that, if, whether,
1. __________ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear.
2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope _______ the two sides will work towards peace.”
3. _________ team will win the match is still unknown.
4. _________ comes to the party will receive a present.
5. __________ Mary has left is still a question.
6. It’s reported _________ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.
7. _________ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.
8. We usually think _________ we can’t get seems better than what we have.
9. It is a fact ________ English is being accepted as an international language.
10. __________ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided. Step4: Translation 用主语从句翻译下列句子所缺部分
1. 这位老人的儿子想知道的是金子藏在哪里了。
is where the gold is hidden.
2. 他是否能顺利的完成这项任务还是不确定的。
is uncertain.
3. 每个人都有一本字典是很有必要的。
everybody has a dictionary.
4. 谁杀死了这位科学家仍然是一个迷。
is still( remains) a puzzle.
5. 他们是怎么去美国的，这正是我所想知道的事情。
is just what I wanted to know.
6. 车祸为何会发生是我们所关心的事情。
is what we are concerned about.
7. 我们成功举办了2008年奥运会是一个伟大的荣幸(honor)。
that we held the 2008 Olympics successfully.
8. 据报道刘德华将在四月底结婚。
Andy Liu is getting married in late（at the end of）April.
9. 重要的是，大家都知道自己该做些什么。
everybody knows what he should do.
必修三Unit4主语从句(Subject Clause) ?定义: 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。 ?位置： 1.通常放在主句谓语动词之前 That he will succeed is certain. Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. Whether he will join us won't make difference. How the book will sell depends on its author. What caused the accident remains unknown. 2.由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. ?辨别下列从句的类别(1-6)：主从；宾从；表从；主从；宾从；主从 ?主语从句的连接词 引导主语从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether / if；连接代词：what, which who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever等；连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever等。 ●that:1.无词义；2.在主语从句中不作成分；3.一般不能省略（尤其在句首时） That he will come and help us is certain. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. ●Whether / if: 1.有词义：“是否”；2.在主语从句中不作成分；3. whether引导的主语从句可 放句首、句末；4. If引导的主语从句不能位于句首。 Whether we will succeed is still a question. If we will succeed is still a question. (×) It is not known whether / if he will come. what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever when, where，why, how等。 1.有词义； 2.在主语从句中作成分。 What he is has nothing to do with you. Whose ticket this is has not been found out. When the test will be given is not yet decided. Whatever you did is right. ?如何选择连接代词和连接副词 在主语从句中，连接词的选择要看这个从句的句子结构，假如根据意思判断为缺少主语，宾语，表语等时应该考虑who, whoever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whom, whomever；如果缺少定语则想到whose, which；如果缺少状语则应该选择how, where, when, why等。因此要想做好题目首先得了解句子成分。 What I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. （缺少understand的宾语，意为“…的事”） Whoever breaks the law will be punished.（缺少breaks的主语，意为“无论谁”） ?主语从句后置！ 为了避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，主语从句作主语时通常用it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。 That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us. =It surprised us that he finished writing the composition in such a short time. Whether he will come or not doe sn’t matter. =It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not. Who will do that job is not yet decided. =It is not yet decided who will do that job. ?用it作形式主语的that从句有以下搭配关系： 1. It + be +形容词+ that从句 It is necessary / important / obvious / certain / natural…that… It is necessary that the problem should be discussed at once.
课题：Grammar:Objective clause I. Teaching aims: A.Knowledge aims By the end of the lesson, Ss will have a better understanding of the objective Ss will grasp the usage of introductory words: that、if、whether，what etc, the tense and word order, etc. B. Ability aims Enable students to identify what is the objective clause and learn to use different kinds of introductory words C. Affection aims Develop students’ interest of learning grammar. ] II. Teaching important points Explain the three important aspects of the objective clause: the introductory words, tense and sentence order. Besides, explain the usage of 3 introductory words：that, if, whether.,what,etc difficult points How to choose the introductory words correctly and appropriately in the objective clause IV. Teaching methods teaching and learing , practicing，discussing Teaching tools: 、 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools V. Teaching procedures
主语从句练习题 一．翻译 1．(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________ is not decided. 2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________ is not clear . 3．(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________ doesn’t matter much. 4．(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________ is a question. 5．(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________ was really a surprise. 6．(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________ is being discussed 7．(他为什么哭)___________________________________________ is not clear. 8．It is clear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐). 9．(你要请谁)______________________________________________ is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________ is not clear. 二．找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。 1. That we shall be late is certain. 2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 3. It is certain that we shall be late. 4. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？ 6. It is clear that he was telling the truth. 7. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery. 9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 10. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 11. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 12. It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 13. What he did is not yet known. 14. It is said that he has been there many times. 15. It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident. 16. When they will have the sports meet is still a question. 17. It seems that he has lost something. 18. What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone. 19. What caused the accident was a broken bottle. 20. It remains a problem whether it is true. 21. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished. 22. What she looks like doesn’t matter.
必修3 语法 Unit 1& Unit 2 Modal verbs情态动词(讲解详见P91—94) 1. 情态动词的语法特征: 1)情态动词不能单独做谓语, 除ought和have外, 后面只能接不带to的不定式。 2) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态动词, 如can, will也有一般式和过去式的变 化。 3）只作情态动词的: can / could, may / might, ought to, must 可情态可实义的: need, dare 可情态可助动词的: shall / should, will /would 相当于情态动词的: have to, used to 2. 情态动词： can & could, may & might, will & would, shall & should, must/ can, ought to & ought not to, have to & don’t have to, mustn’t & needn’t等 注意事项： 1. can 和could 接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can 用在否定和疑问句中, 表示不相信、怀疑等态度。Could have done 表示本可以做的事情但却没有做 e.g. They can’t have gone out because the light is still on. 2. 以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用can或will。如：— Could I borrow your dictionary? — Yes, of course you can. 3. shall 可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求意见或许可；还可用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示允诺、警告、命令或威胁等。如： You shall be punished if you break the rule. 4. should 表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该”。“should + have + 过去分词表示本应该在过去做但没有做。 e.g. You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。 5. must 用于一般问句中, 肯定回答用must 否定式用needn’t 或don’t have to，做“不必”, mustn’t 表示“禁止，不允许” — Must I finish all assignments at a time? — Yes, you must. No, you needn’t. must 表示“偏要, 硬要”, 指做令人不快的事情。 Eg: He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course, after I gave her my advice, she must go and do the opposite. 练一练： 一、选择。 1. I ______ worry about my weekend — I always have my plans ready before it comes. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
一、主语从句练习： 1． (谁将去接他) is not decided. 2． (哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛) is not clear so far. 3． (他能否买到飞机票）doesn’t matter much. 4． (我们如何去那里) is a question. 5． (你刚才告诉我的） is being discussed 7． (他为什么哭) is not clear. 8． It is clear (他是一个乞丐). 9． (你要请谁) is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛） is not clear. 二、宾语从句练习题： 类型一：引导词的运用 1. I don’t know ___________or not． A． whether he is at home B． if he is at home C． that he is at home D． whether is he at home 2. This depends on _________ the weather is fine． A． which B． whether C． if D． that 3. The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in． A． which B． where C． if D． that 4. I don’t know ________ Mr． Green will come to see us．He’ll help us with our English． A． why B． when C． how D． where 5.－－－ Be careful！Don’t break the bottles． Do you hear ______ I said? David? －－－ Yes， Mum A． what B． that C． why D． If 类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序 you find out ______? A． she was looking for whose child B． whose child was she looking for C． whose child she is looking for D． whose child she was looking for you interested in _____? A． how did he do it B． he did it how C． how he did it D． he how did it don’t know _____． Can you tell me? A． how the two players are old B． how old are the two players C． the two players are how old D． how old the two players are 4.－－－ What did the scientist say? －－－ He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day． A． he had to fly B． he could fly C． can he fly D． could he fly 5. She asked Tom ________ with his car? A． what the matter was B． what the matter is C． what was the matter D． what is the matter 类型三：时态 ’s 7：30．I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet， Sally．A．haven’t started B．didn’ｔ C．don’t start D．hadn’t started
Section Ⅲ Grammar —主语从句 在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句，即为主语从句。 一、主语从句的连接词 1．连接词that和whether (1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但不可省略。 ①That Whitney Houston died upset her fans all over the world. 惠特尼·休斯顿的离世令全世界的粉丝感到难过。 (2) whether在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。 ②Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown. 这个计划是否会实施还不知道。 即学即练1 1－1.完成句子 ①她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。 _________________________ made us very happy. ②他被选为(be chosen as)志愿者(volunteer)让我们感到高兴。 ____________________________ made us happy. ③我们明天是否举行派对取决于天气。 ____________________________ depends on the weather. ④(湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A．why B．HowC．whether D．when 2．连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever, whomever, whatever 连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 ①Who will take his place is not important.谁将代替他并不重要。 ②Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 无论是谁只要违法就应该受到惩罚。 3．连接副词(when, where, how, why等) 连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。 ③When we will have a meeting is an important question [点津] 主语从句中连接词的选择标准： ⅰ.根据连词在句子中所作的语法成分； ⅱ.根据连接词在从句中的意义。 2－1.用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分 ①What role he will play in the film hasn't been known.______ ②Why John was late for the class has been unexplained._______ ③Which part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.____
名词性从句复习题 一、主语从句练习： 1．(谁将去接他) is not decided. 2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛) is not clear so far. 3．(他能否买到飞机票）doesn’t matter much. 4．(我们如何去那里) is a question. 5．(你刚才告诉我的）is being discussed 7．(他为什么哭) is not clear. 8．It is clear (他是一个乞丐). 9．(你要请谁) is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛）is not clear. 二、宾语从句练习题： 类型一：引导词的运用 1. I don’t know ___________or not． A．whether he is at home B．if he is at home C．that he is at home D．whether is he at home 2. This depends on _________ the weather is fine． A．which B．whether C．if D．that 3. The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in． A．which B．where C．if D．that 4. I don’t know ________ Mr．Green will come to see us．He’ll help us w ith our English． A．why B．when C．how D．where 5.－－－Be careful！Don’t break the bottles．Do you hear ______ I said? David? －－－Yes，Mum A．what B．that C．why D．If 类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序 1.Did you find out ______? A．she was looking for whose child B．whose child was she looking for C．whose child she is looking for D．whose child she was looking for 2.Are you interested in _____? A．how did he do it B．he did it how C．how he did it D．he how did it 3.I don’t know _____．Can you tell me? A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are 4.－－－What did the scientist say? －－－He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day． A．he had to fly B．he could fly C．can he fly D．could he fly 5. She asked Tom ________ with his car? A．what the matter was B．what the matter is C．what was the matter D．what is the matter 类型三：时态 1.It’s 7：30．I can’t believe y ou___ cooking dinner yet，Sally． A．haven’t started B．didn’t C．don’t start D．hadn’t started 2.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day．
Unit 4 Grammar- subject clause 导学提纲 Designer: Wang Wei Supervisors：Teachers in senior 1 班级：组名：姓名：使用时间：2018. 04. 【学习目标】 To get students to know the usage of subject clause. 【导学流程】一、导 What is the subject? What is subject clause? 二、思 Task1: Find the sentences which are subject clause in the reading passage, then underline the subject clause. Task 2: 主语从句的连接词 从属连词:________________________________________________ 连接代词:________________________________________________ 连接副词:________________________________________________ 三、议、展、评主语从句三大考点: 连接词 it作形式主语语序 1. 连接词的选用 [活学活用] ① ______we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.【2015·北京】 A.Where B.How C.Why D. When ②_____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B. Whether C. That D. Where ③ ______we'll go camping tomorrow has kept us all excited the whole day. A. If B.Whether C.That D.Where ④______ makes mistakes must correct them. A.What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 2 . it 作形式主语 (1) It的用处：为了避免主语冗长和句子________, 经常用it作________,主语从句放在____作真正的主语。 （用it做形式主语改写句子）
M3 语法复习之名词性从句专项练习 名词性从句的连接词 1.从属连词：that; whether; if; as if/though that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分；if (whether), as if 虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 2.连接代词：whose, what, who, whom, which; whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 连接代词有词义，在从句中担任成分，如定语、主语、表语或宾语等。 3.连接副词：when, where, why, how; whenever, wherever, however 连接副词有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 1.(2019 江苏).Scientists have obtained more evidence ____________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. 1.(2018北京) Without his support, w e wouldn’t be ________ we are now. 2.(2018北京) This is ___________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 3.（2018江苏）By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived 4.(2018 天津). The gold medal will be awarded to ____________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. --- 思考：此处为何不能用 who; whomever ？ (1)疑问词与疑问词+ever 的区别： (2)用主格还是宾格：看连接词在句中做何成分。 5.(2017 江苏）.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge. ---思考：此处用 which 为何不可？ 6.（2017 天津）. She asked me ___________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 7.（2017 北京）. Every year, ____________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 8.(2016·北京).Your support is important to our work. ____________ you can do helps. 9.(2016·北京). The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ____________ one can be entirely free from(没有... 的；免于...的；不受...影响的) dust. 10.(2016·江苏).It is often the case ____________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. ____________ is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. Anything is possible for those who hang on to hope,____________ is often the case. 11.(2016·天津). The manager put forward a suggestion ____________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 12.(2015 安徽) A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ____________ ships are built for. 13.(2015 重庆) We must find out ____________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. 14.(2015 北京) ____________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 15.(2015 北京) I truly believe ____________ beauty comes from within. 16.(2015 浙江) If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate ____________ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 17.(2015 四川) The exhibition tells us ____________ we should do something to stop air pollution. 18.(2015 陕西) Reading her biography, I was lost in(沉迷于) admiration for ____________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 19.(2015 江苏) _________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. 20.(2015 湖南)You have to know____________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 21.(2015 福建)—I wonder ____________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. 22.22.(2014 北京卷)The best moment for the football star was ____________ he scored the winning goal. 23.(2014 北京卷).Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future 24.(2015.大纲) Exactly __________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 25.（2014 福建）. Pick yourself up 振作起来，重振旗鼓. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do. 26.（2014 湖南）. As John Lennon once said, life is ________happens to you while you are busy making other plans. 27.（2014 江苏）. —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I'm not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me. 28. (2014 山东卷) It is difficult for us to imagine _________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. --- You can’t imagine ____________ difficulty we had solving the problems. --- I’m not sure of ____________ role he played in the case. 29.（2014 四川） Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That's ____________ I was born."