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一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√continental ndmark n.architect n. project n.sculpture n. birthplace n.civilisation n. ancient adj.representative n. parliament n.region n. geographical adj.Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．across prep.横过；穿过2．face v t. 面向；面对3．range n. 山脉；范围4．symbol n. 象征；符号5．sign v t. 签署6．head n. 领袖；领导人7．feature n. 特点Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．situate v．(位置) 使位于，使处于……地位→situated adj.坐落(某处) 的；位于(某处) 的→situation n．形势，状况，位置2．locate v．位于；确定……的位置→located adj.位于→location n．位置；所在地3．oppose v t.反对→opposite prep.在……对面4．agree v．同意→agreement n．协议；契约→disagreement n．不同意(反义词)5．govern v t.统治；治理→government n．政府6．produce n．产品；农产品v．生产；制造→production n．产量1.说说“七大洲”①Asia亚洲②Europe 欧洲③Africa 非洲④Antarctica 南极洲⑤Oceania 大洋洲⑥North America 北美洲⑦South America 南美洲2.合成名词“n.＋n.”一览①landmark标志性建筑②birthplace 发源地③daybreak 拂晓；黎明④keyboard 键盘⑤headache 头痛⑥steamboat 汽船⑦waterfall 瀑布⑧newspaper 报纸3.不同“位置”①location场所；地点；位置②situation 位置；形势；局面③position 位置；方位④site 场所；地方；遗址⑤place 地方；场所；位置(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．because__of因为；由于2．be__known__as 作为……而出名/闻名3．ever__since 自从……一直4．in__terms__of 据……；依照……5．on__the__other__hand 另一方面；反过来说6．little__by__little一点点地；逐渐地7．of__all__time 有史以来8．be__situated/located__on/in 坐落在；位于9．compared__with 与……相比10．have__control__over 控制1.“of结尾”短语聚会①in terms of据……；依照……②as a result of 由于；因为③in favour of 赞成；支持④on account of 由于；因为⑤on behalf of 代表2.由little by little想到的①side by side肩并肩；并排②step by step 一步一步地；逐步③one by one 一个接一个地④day by day 一天天地⑤year by year 年复一年(三)重点句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：完全倒装结构Between__France__and__Spain__is another mountain range—the Pyrenees.法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
第1讲灵活实用的基本句型句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,但英语中最基本的句型有八种,其他各种句型都是由这八种基本句型演化而成。
八种基本句型如下:1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)◆典句引领Accidents will happen.天有不测风云。
◆雕词琢句我的英语已经提高了。
.1.答案My English has improved2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语◆典句引领Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
◆雕词琢句(1)As an organizer, (我现在写信邀请你加入我们). (2019课标全国Ⅲ)(2) (比赛将在我们学校的体育馆举行)on the morning of July 8th. (2019课标全国Ⅱ)2.答案(1)I am writing to invite you to join us(2)The match will take place in our school gym3.主语+系动词+表语◆典句引领A constant guest is never welcome.久住非佳宾,常来不欢迎。
A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。
◆雕词琢句(1) (我渴望) to hear from you. (2018课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)In that case, (它既方便又经济) to buy books according to the ratings. (2018江苏卷)3.答案(1)I am eager(2)it is both convenient and economical4.主语+谓语+宾语◆典句引领A heavy snow promises a good harvest.瑞雪兆丰年。
◆雕词琢句(1) (你可以乘坐高铁) to both cities.(2019北京)(2) (我们学校举行音乐节) next Saturday morning in the school hall to enrich students' after-school life. (2019课标全国Ⅲ)4.答案(1)You can take high-speed trains(2)Our school will hold a music festival5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语◆典句引领A man may dig his grave with his teeth.祸从口出。
第一讲从基本句式起步层级一简而不凡的“基础句”写作中写对句子是最基本的要求，其中最重要的一点是句子结构要完整。
所以，同学们在平时训练时一定要从掌握基本句式做起，通过观摩、背诵、仿写，最终写出准确无误的句子。
在高考中即使你的作文不能写得漂漂亮亮、洋气十足，也一定要写得像模像样，硬伤不多！所以学写作，要先从最基本的句子抓起。
美句输入1.主语＋谓语(不及物动词)该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。
其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
However，that increase slowed down in 2016.然而，2016年增长放缓。
(2017·江苏卷·书面表达)2.主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语该句式特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。
Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)我们校队的运动员近年来赢得了许多乒乓球比赛的金牌。
3.主语＋系动词＋表语该句式就是常说的主系表结构。
此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
By the way，I am now a volunteer for the 13th National Games to be held at the end ofAugust in Tianjin.(2017·天津卷·书面表达)顺便说一下，我现在是一名8月底将在天津举行的第十三届全运会的志愿者。
版第1讲简单句(1)一、S＋V句型(主语＋谓语动词)在这个结构中，动词通常是不及物动词，没有宾语，但可以有副词作状语。
这个结构常用于记叙事件活动。
(1)This camp will open on July 20th.该营地将于七月二十号开放。
(xx·北京)(2)Hard work pays off.功夫不负有心人。
(xx·福建)(3)With my special care，my mother recovered quickly.在我的悉心照顾下，我的妈妈很快恢复了健康。
(xx·北京)二、S＋V＋O句型(主语＋谓语动词＋宾语)在这个结构中，动词是及物动词；充当宾语的通常是名词(动名词)、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、v.ing结构及名词性从句等。
(1)Every coin has two sides.任何事情都有两面性/凡事有利弊。
(xx·湖南)(2)At last they made great progress.最后他们取得了很大进步。
(xx·广东)(3)The students often broke the school rules.学生们经常违反校规。
(xx·广东)三、S＋V＋P(主语＋连系动词＋表语)在这个结构中，谓语动词需用系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、代词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词及名词性从句等。
1．介绍人物(主系表结构后常跟非限制性定语从句或同位语作补充说明)。
(1)Sally was a successful teacher，who taught some naughty students.莎莉是一个成功的老师，她教过一些淘气的孩子。
(xx·广东)(2)I’m Li Jin，Chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang Middle School.我是李津，晨光中学学生会主席。
并列句是由并列连词连接两个分句而组成的句子,其基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
并列句中的前后两个分句的逻辑关系可分为以下几种:１．并列或递进:常用连词是and, not only...but also...（不仅……而且……）。
◆典句引领Not only is he the first Chinese to go to space, but also he is one of the greatest astronauts in the worlＤ．他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人,而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
◆雕词琢句（１）The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, （而且校长将要发表演讲）.（２0１9课标全国Ⅲ）（２）You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school（下面的信息可能让你了解概况）. （２0１8课标全国卷Ⅲ）（３）Not only should we avoid getting hurt during the training （而且我们应该有一个健康的饮食来保持健康）. （２0１9课标全国卷Ⅱ）１．答案（１）and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech（２）and the following information may give you a rough sketch（３）but also we should have a healthy diet to keep fit２．转折:常用的连词是but和yet。
◆典句引领The car is very old but it runs very fast.这辆汽车虽然很旧了,但跑得很快。
◆雕词琢句（１）The school uniforms are fine, （但它们不够特别）to give a unique Chinese flavor. （２0１9江苏卷）（２）I tried my best to control it, （但是没有用）.２．答案（１）but they are not special enough（２）but it is useless３．对比:常用的连词是while。
第1讲灵活实用的基本句型
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,但英语中最基本的句型有八种,其他各种句型都是由这八种基本句型演化而成。
八种基本句型如下:
1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)
◆典句引领
Accidents will happen.天有不测风云。
◆雕词琢句
我的英语已经提高了。
.
1.答案My English has improved
2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语
◆典句引领
Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
◆雕词琢句
(1)As an organizer, (我现在写信邀请你加入我们). (2019课标全国Ⅲ)
(2) (比赛将在我们学校的体育馆举行)on the morning of July 8th. (2019课标全国Ⅱ)
2.答案(1)I am writing to invite you to join us
(2)The match will take place in our school gym
3.主语+系动词+表语
◆典句引领
A constant guest is never welcome.久住非佳宾,常来不欢迎。
A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。
◆雕词琢句
(1) (我渴望) to hear from you. (2018课标全国卷Ⅱ)
(2)In that case, (它既方便又经济) to buy books according to the ratings. (2018江苏卷)
3.答案(1)I am eager
(2)it is both convenient and economical
4.主语+谓语+宾语
◆典句引领
A heavy snow promises a good harvest.瑞雪兆丰年。
◆雕词琢句
(1) (你可以乘坐高铁) to both cities.(2019北京)
(2) (我们学校举行音乐节) next Saturday morning in the school hall to enrich students' after-school life. (2019课标全国Ⅲ)
4.答案(1)You can take high-speed trains
(2)Our school will hold a music festival
5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语
◆典句引领
A man may dig his grave with his teeth.祸从口出。
◆雕词琢句
(1)我可以很容易地与外国学生相处。
(2019浙江)
.
(2)With an experience of two years in Canada,
(我能流利地与以英语为母语的人交流). (2019浙江)
5.答案(1)I can get along with foreign students very easily
(2)I can communicate with native speakers of English fluently
6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
◆典句引领
A fool may give a wise man counsel.愚者千虑,必有一得。
◆雕词琢句
(1) (它向青少年提供了一个机会)to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.
句型转换:将上面的句子变成被动语态
→
(2)我希望这个变化不会给你造成太多的麻烦。
6.答案(1)It offers teenagers a chance
A chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture is offered to teenagers by it.
(2)I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
◆典句引领
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作,不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。
◆雕词琢句
(1)I (认为他的建议非常有用),although many people are against it.
(2)All in all, (我真诚地邀请你来我们学校)and see for yourself. (2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)
7.答案(1)consider his advice/suggestion very useful
(2)I sincerely invite you to come to our school
8.存现句
◆典句引领
Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
◆雕词琢句
(1)I am more than thrilled to be informed of the message that
(你们当地的美术馆将有一个中国画展).(2019课标全国Ⅰ)
(2)For example, (有大量的参考书) about which I am often confused.(2018江苏卷)
8.答案(1)there will be a Chinese painting exhibition in your local art gallery
(2)there are huge amounts of reference books
1.完美文章
结合括号中的提示,用基本句型完成下面的文章。
Dear Jim,
It's great to hear from you. (1) (我感到自豪)knowing your interest in Chinese history.
(2) (有很多名人)in Chinese history. As for my favorite one, (3) (它一定是魏源), a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. In his book, Haiguotuzhi(Records and Maps of the World), (4) (他把现代技术和思想引进中国).(5) (那开阔了我们的视野)to the world. In fact, (6) (他激励了我主修英语)in college and to be a bridge between China and the world. Now, (7) (我正在努力学习).
Interested in knowing more? (8) (我能给你找一些书籍)! Just let me know.
Cheers!
Yours,
Li Hua 答案(1)I feel proud
(2)There are a great number of famous figures
(3)it must be Wei Yuan
(4)he introduced modern technologies and ideas to China
(5)That opened our eyes
(6)he inspired me to major in English
(7)I am studying hard
(8)I can find you some books
2.话题写作
【本期话题】人际关系
【美句必备】 1.Just as the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” 俗话说,“患难见真情。
”
2.Friendship is to us what water is to fish. 友谊之于我们就像水之于鱼一样重要。
【写作微练】生活中人人都需要朋友。
请你结合个人的经历简单阐述“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”的含义。
注意:至少运用三种基本句型。
答案
One possible version:
As we all know, the proverb “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” means that one should be loyal to his/her friends and not betray them in any situations.
As for me,I will never forget the time when I suffered from an infectious disease.
I had to stay at home until I was cured. I had missed so many lessons and I found it too difficult to catch up with my classmates. At that time, one of my friends insisted on helping me with my study. Thanks to his help, I didn't fall behind others.
I really understood the meaning of true friendship for the first time.。
