最新人教新课标高中英语必修5精品教学设计省略句高考考点归纳及例析

省略在英语中，为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。

【归纳】★简单句中的省略在简单句中，可省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分。

如：(You) Hand me the book over there.(Is) Anybody against the suggestion?—What do you think made David so happy?—Passing his driving test (made him happy).★并列句中的省略在并列句中，如果后面的分句与前面的分句中有相同的成分，常被省略，以避免重复。

如：To some students learning math is very easy, and to others (learning math is) so hard.This machine functions well, but that one doesn’t (function well).★复合句中的省略1. 定语从句中的省略在限制性定语从句中，可省略在从句中作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who。

如：That is the film (which / that) we watched last week.Tom isn’t a man (whom / that / who) you can believe in.注意：①当先行词为the way时，从句用that或in which引导，that或in which也常被省略。

如：We admired him for the way (in which / that) he faces his difficulties.②关系代词作介词的宾语，且介词置于关系代词之前时，则不可省略关系代词。

如：The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner. （whom 不可省略）2. 状语从句中的省略在状语从句中，如从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语中又包含动词be时，可以省略主语和动词be。

Section ⅣGrammar & Writing省略1．(教材P34)Burns are called first,__second__or__third__degree__burns (一度、二度、三度烧伤), depending on which layers of the skin are burned.2．(教材P34)First degree burns turn white when__pressed (当按压时)．3．(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if__necessary (如果必要) unless it is stuck to the burn.4．(教材P34)The cool water stops the burning process,prevents__the__pain__becoming____unbearable__and__reduces__swelling(阻止痛变得不可忍受和减少肿胀)．5．(教材P35)If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if__possible(如果可能).为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。

在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、状语从句的省略1．在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless等连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be 动词常被省略。

Work hard when (you are) young, or you’ll regret.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

Unit5 单元语法详解图解语法归纳语法一、简单句中的省路有些简单句中可以省略主语、宾语或主语和谓语的一部分。

（Have you) Got any ink?你有墨水吗?二、并列句中的省略1. 省略共同的主语和谓语动词His performance made us amused, but (his performance made) himself tired. 他的表演让我们高兴，但是让他自己很累。

2. 省略共同的助动词、情态动词等Xiaoming must have been playing football at that time, while his sister ( must have been) playing the piano.那时小明一定在踢足球，而他妹妹一定在弹钢琴。

三、复合句中的省略1. 定语从句的省略如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，这个关系代词通常可以省略。

Do you remember the place (which/that) we visited last year?你还记得我们去年参观的那个地方吗?He's the man (who/that) you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信赖的人。

2. 宾语从句的省略①及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略，但如果及物动词后接两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个that可以省略。

He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it well.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该把它学好。

②when，where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。

I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don't know when (he/she will come to our city) .我知道一个电影明星要来我们城市，但我不知道他/她什么时候来。

Section Ⅲ Grammar—省略语法图解探究发现1．(You) Come in, please!2．John is a lawyer, and his wife (is) a cleaner.3. a．First degree burns turn white when (they are)pressed.b．If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if (it is) possible.4. a．He is the man(who/whom/that) you can depend on.b．There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills (that/which) he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.5．The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother did not allow him to (play football in the street)．6. It shows (that) a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.[我的发现](1)例句1为简单句中的省略。

(2)例句2为并列句中的省略。

(3)第1组例句为状语从句的省略。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语指的是同一人或物，且由人称代词的主格担当，或当状语从句的主语为it，而且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。

(4)第2组例句为关系代词的省略。

当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。

(5)例句5为不定式的省略。

有时可用不定式符号“to”来替代上文中出现的不定式。

高二年级英语必修五第五单元学案—省略Ellipsis【目标解读】Teaching goals:学生掌握在不同句式中的省略观察总结省略的定义：①---Where did you see her? ---In the supermarket. ②---Who’s on duty today?a barber’s___二. 省略介词①spend/ waste time____ doing sth. ②have trouble/ difficulty _____ doing sth.③be busy_______ doing sth. ④There’s no sense / point______ doing sth.⑤ prevent sb.______ doing sth. ⑥ see____ _____ that everyone is here on time.三. 省略连词① Look at the man__________________ you spoke of last night.② I believe ______ you will succeed. ③ Now _______ you mention it, I do remember.④ I suppose_______ he is clever and _______ he works hard.四. 虚拟语气中的省略, 即：省if虚拟倒装①If he had been more careful, the accident wouldn’t have happened._____________________②If I were you, I would do it better. _______________________________________________③If the re should be a flood, what should we do? _____________________________________高考链接1. ___ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will2. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.A. If it is notB. WereC. Had it not beenD. If they were not五.句子成分省略1）省主语 ( ) Beg your parden! ( ) sounds a good idea!2）省谓语 who ( ) next! She did all she could ( ) to help him.3) 省表语 He looks younger than he ( )4) 省定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest ( ) he set aside.5) 省状语 He was not hurt. ( ) strange! How ( ) I miss you!6) 同时省去若干成分 What exciting news ( )!六. 状语从句中的省略1）由when, while, as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若①从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在②谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be.(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be, 这时从句中可出现如下结构:①连词(as, as if, once+名词) Once (he wa s) a teacher, he now works in a governmentoffice.②连词(though, whether, when)+形容词 Work hard when (you ar e) young ,or you’llregret.③连词(when, while, though)+现在分词While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.④连词(when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词⑤连词(as if, as though)+不定式 He opened his mouth as if (he were) to speak.高考链接： 1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced2. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having invited3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he wasgoing in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D.to see4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no sideeffect.A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having i nvited6. When ________ , the mu seum will be open to the public next year.A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed7. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to changeit.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun2）当从句主语是 It, 谓语动词有含有系动词be时,可以把 it系动词be一起省略。