下载文档原格式
Unit2 易混淆词汇辨析汇总一、excite，excited，exciting意思及用法的区别excite 动词，意为“（使）兴奋；激发；唤起”，其形容词为excited和exciting。
excited 形容词，表示“兴奋的”，指人、物对......感到兴奋，是（主动地感到）兴奋的exciting 形容词，表示“令人兴奋的；使人激动的”，指人、事、物本身让人兴奋、激动试比较：Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？He told us an exciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。
It's nothing to get excited about. 这没什么可值得激动的。
I've got an exciting piece of work. 我得到了一份令人兴奋的工作。
基本句型：物+ 动词+ 人The book interests me.= 物+ be V-ing to + 人The book is interesting to me.= 人+ be V-ed 介+ 物I am interested in the book.二、hurt, injure, harm, wound意思及用法的区别hurt, injure, harm 和wound 都有"伤"的意思,但各自的含义和用法不同。
①hurt普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。
如:The driver hurt himself badly in the accident. 那位司机在这次事故中伤得很重。
注意:指肉体上的伤害时,hurt可与badly, slightly, seriously等连用;但若指精神上的创伤,只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。
也谈wound,injure,hurt,harm,damage,destroy.ruinwound指用枪弹或刀剑等锐器故意施加的伤害。
在事故或天灾中受伤用injure或hurt。
eg:Last night a terrible storm hit the area and many people were injured.He was seriously injured/hurt in a traffic accident.wound与injure在肉体受伤的程度上往往比hurt严重。
hurt一词除指肉体的伤害外，也可指感情上的伤害，如hurt one's feeling , hurt one's pride。
hurt的过去分词作表语时有“使苦恼，使伤心”的含义。
eg:He was hurt to learn that she had made up he mind never to answer his letter.My feelings were hurt when he didn't invite me to the party.作不及物动词用时，有“疼痛”的含义eg: My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples.injured和wounded 可作表语，也可作定语，而hurt的过去分词只能作表语，不能作定语。
如：a wounded soldier, an injured manharm和damage均指伤害或损坏某人或某物。
harm主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物。
常指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等。
eg:Doctors say smoking harms our health.There was a fire in our street, but our house wasn't harmed at all.。
damage,destroy,harm,hurt,pain ,injure,wound 区别1)destroy毁灭，消灭，指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时可用于比喻意义。
如： The earthquake destroyed the whole city．地震毁了整座城市。
All his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal. 他所有的希望都被她的拒绝信毁了。
2)damage伤害，损害，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复。
damage或destroy所表示的破坏，是指对房屋或车辆等的损坏。
有时该词也用于借喻. Her heart was slightly damaged as a result Of the disease．由于生病，她的心脏轻微受损。
They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged．他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。
What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries.他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系. 3) ruin 多用于借喻之中,经常指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度.表示“使……破产；糟蹋掉”的意思。
The rain will ruin the crops. 这雨会把庄稼毁掉的. I was ruined by that law case;I'm a ruined man. 我被那场官司毁了,我破产了. He ruined himself by taking drugs. 他吸食毒品把自己给毁了。
4)harm伤害，损害，主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物，常指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等。
2014高考英语常见动词近义词辨析：hurtwoundinjure和harm高考频道在考试后及时公布各科高考试题答案和高考作文及试卷专家点评，请广大考生家长关注。
时光飞逝，暑假过去了，新学期开始了，不管情愿与否，无论准备与否，我们已走进高三，走近我们的梦!祝愿决战2014高考的新高三学员能倍加努力，在2014年高考中也能取得优异的成绩。
常见动词近义词辨析常见动词近义词很多，有必要掌握以下常见词类：关于hurt, wound, injure和harm(1)hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。
如：Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。
(2)wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。
如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。
(3)injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。
如：There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。
(4)harm: 表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。
如：Our dog won‟t harm you.我们的狗不会伤害你的。
Getting up early won‟t harm you!早起对你没有坏处。
[典例4]There was an unexpected explosion in our street, but our building wasn‟t_____ at all .A. hurtB. woundedC. harmedD. injured解析 C 近义词辨析题目。
hurt强调“精神或肉体上的疼痛”;wound强调“刀、枪伤”;harm强调“危害、损失”;injure强调“意外伤害”。
hurt / injury / wound这三个词可以作动词和名词，作动词时，都有“受伤”的意思；作名词时都有“伤害”、“伤口”等意思。
具体区别见下表：例句：A) Do not read in the sun. It will hurt your eyes.B) The shoes are so tight that they are hurting my feet.C) He could not go to work because he was knocked down by a motorcycle and injured his ankle.D) He was seriously injured in the car accident.E) His injured knee was hurting badly.F) The thief wounded him in the belly with a knife and ran away.G) Ten soldiers were wounded in the battle.H) The wounded soldiers were taken to the hospital.这三个词除了表示肉体受伤外，还可以表示感情上的伤害，hurt 语气最轻，只是不高兴的程度，wound 程度最重。
例如：She was hurt by his offensive words. He was terribly wounded when she refused to marry him.hurt 或injure 还有其他比喻用法，wound 则没有。
例如：A) Too much smoking will hurt/injure your health.B) The news may injure your reputation.C) The new policy will hurt/injure our business.hurt/injury/wound的差别可以从下面的短文中体现出来：They planned to go through the forest to get to the other side of the island. They were warned by the local people about the danger of wild beasts and snakes in the forest, but they still wanted to take the risk and started the journey the next day. It turned out to be not a good day to begin their exploration. Tom's new shoes were a bit too tight and his right foot started to hurt a mile intothe forest. Then it started to rain. The ground was getting slippery. When they were crossing a small steam, Mary slipped on a big rock and injured her left ankle. They decided to get Tom to help Mary back to the village. By the end of the day, the rest of them were exhausted and frustrated. The sun came out the next day. They expected that they would get to the beach in the afternoon. Everything went well until they heard the roar of a bear. Standing still, the girls were frightened and the men took out the two guns. A black bear came into sight, walking slowly towards them. One of the guns was fired. The bear was wounded in the right leg. It made a painful sound, turned back and disappeared in the forest. This was the most frightening experience in this journey. They cried out happily when they finally saw the beautiful beach.( 他们打算穿过那个森林到岛的另一端去。
disable的同义词disable表恶劣的; 肮脏的; 卑劣的; 下流的意思，那么你知道disable的同义词有哪些吗?接下来小编为大家整理了disable的同义词，希望对你有帮助哦!同义词辨析：hurt, injure, wound, harm, damage, disable这些动词均有"损害，伤害"之意。
hurt ：普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。
injure较hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物。
既可指伤害别人的事物。
即可指伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等，又可指使别人受伤或东西受损，同时含有受伤害部分至少暂时丧失功能的意味。
wound ：专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤;也可指精神方面的伤害。
harm ：主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤;有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。
damage ：通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。
disable ：强调使伤残。
disable的例句：1. One bomb can disable a ship.一颗炸弹就能炸毁一艘船.2. Job applications from disable workers poured in at a staggering rate.残废工人求职申请书大批涌来、数量惊人.3. Disable menu items when they are not applicable.禁用不适用的菜单项.4. A power failure during the firmware writing operation will disable the camera.固件写入过程中切勿关闭电源.5. A signal used enable or disable a circuit function.或禁止电路功能的信号.6. Auto disable screen saver ( setting condition of disable screen saver )自动禁止屏幕保护- ( 设置禁用屏幕保护的条件 )7. If problems comtinue, disable or any newly installed hardware or software.如果问题还存在, 禁用或删除新安装的硬件或软件.8. If you disable the switch, the trace messages will not appear.如果禁用此开关, 则不会显示跟踪消息.9. Fitting prostheses and or thoses for the disable, including intelligent prostheses.为各类上、肢截肢及其它肌残病人安装各类假肢及矫形器, 包括目前最先进的智能假肢.10. It's an injury that could disable somebody for life.这种伤害可能会造成终身残疾.11. Disable buffering ( reduce delays in stream delivery, recommended for synchronized events )禁用缓冲 ( 减少流传递中的延迟,对于同步事件, 建议使用此功能 )12. Clear the check boxes for settings you want to disable.清除要禁用的设置的复选框.13. To disable the auto - detection of encoding, clear this option.若要禁用自动编码检测, 请清除此选项.14. Disable Image Toolbar for all future browsing sessions or this session only?为所有将来的浏览会话禁用图片工具栏还是只针对此会话?15. Disable or remove any newly installed hardware anddrivers.禁用或删除任何新安装的硬件和驱动程序.。
词语辨析temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的permanent His job here is only temporary...Most adolescent problems are temporary. 青少年...a temporary loss of memory.The only way to lose weight permanently is to completely change your attitudes toward food.fall ill 生病be illinjury n. 损伤；伤害injure injured woundbleed vi. & vt. (bled,bled)流血nosebleed n. 鼻出血；流鼻血blood 血，血液；There was Greek blood in his veins... 静脉He was of noble blood, and an officer.Forty-three demonstrators were killed in bloody clashes... 示威者冲突They came to power in 1975 after a bloody civil war. 内战ankle n. 踝（关节）heel n.脚后跟，踵；（鞋、袜等的后跟）；heelschoke vi. & vt. （使）噎住；（使）窒息；掐死，勒死；The coffee was almost too hot to swallow and made him choke for a moment...The men pushed him into the entrance of a nearby building where they choked him with his tie. cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜teapoy, tea table 茶几teapot 茶壶Mr. Worthing is this election's Mr Nice Guy, without any skeletons in his cupboard. 选举skin n. 皮；皮肤skin deep skimBeauty is only skin deep...△essential adj. 最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的; n.必需品；基本要素；必不可少的东西Most authorities agree that play is an essential part of a child's development...权威人士In this trial two essential elements must be proven: motive and opportunity.The flat contained the basic essentials for bachelor life. 单身汉organ n. 器官organic framing△layer n. 层；层次lay-laid-laidbarrier n. 屏障；障碍（物）poison n. 毒药；毒害poisonousvt. 毒害；使中毒ray n. 光线；射线X-raycomplex adj. 复杂的...in-depth coverage of today's complex issues....a complex system of voting....her complex personality.liquid n. 液体solidradiation n. 辐射；射线；放射物radiate v. 辐射；发射；发散They suffer from health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation...If the cancer returns, radiation therapy is successful in 90 per cent of cases. 疗法，疗方mild adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv. 轻微地；温和地pan n. 平底锅；盘子pan cakestove n. 炉子；火炉△heal vi. & vt. （使）康复；（使）化解tissue n. （生物）组织；薄的织物；手巾纸handkerchief 手帕，方巾，围巾electric shock 触电；电休克swell vi. & vt. (swelled, swollen)（使）膨胀；隆起swollen adj. 肿胀的△char vi. 烧焦charred△nerve n. 神经；胆量nervousscissors n. (pl.) 剪刀unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的bear vt.忍受；承担；支撑；生育; vi.生（孩子）；结（果实）；The ice was not thick enough to bear the weight of marching men. 行军队伍...the constitutional right to bear arms. 宪法规定的携带武器的权利basin n. 盆；盆地washbasin 洗脸盆...the Amazon basin. 亚马孙河流域...countries around the Pacific Basin. 太平洋盆地的周边国家squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨squeeze out 榨出；挤出over and over again 反复；多次bandage n. 绷△ointment n. 药膏；油膏△infection n. 传染；传染病；感染infect infectious diseasesvital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的symptom n. 症状；征兆AIDS 艾滋病，获得性免疫缺乏综合症（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）△label vt. 加标签或标记；分类n. 标签；标记attach …to…them that way and you think that this is unfair.Too often the press are labelled as bad boys...捣蛋分子。
hurt, injure, harm, woundhurt, injure, harm 和wound 都有"伤"的意思,但各自的含义和用法不同。
①hurt普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。
如:The driver hurt himself badly in the accident. 那位司机在这次事故中伤得很重。
She hurt her leg when she fell.她跌倒时,一条腿受了伤。
He felt hurt at your words.你的话使他很难过。
注意:指肉体上的伤害时,hurt可与badly, slightly, seriously等连用;但若指精神上的创伤,只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。
②injure比hurt正式,hurt 多指伤痛。
而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。
如:A bullet injured his left eye. 一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。
Drinking can injure one's health. 喝酒对人的健康有害。
I hope I didn't injure her feelings.我希望没有伤害她的感情。
③harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,有时可指引起不安或不便。
还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。
如:Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书,以免损害眼睛。
I have never harmed anybody.我从未伤害过任何人。
There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed. 我们街里曾发生过火灾,但没人受伤。
④wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上的受伤。
它可以指肉体上的伤害。
也可比喻指人们精神上的创伤。
如:The bullet wounded his arm. 子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。
The robber wounded him with a knife.那个强盗用刀刺伤了他。
You have wounded his pride.你伤害了他的自尊心。
hurt; injure; wound; cuthurt为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害（可被badly, slightly, seriously等修饰），也可指精神上、感情上的伤害（被very much／rather／deeply修饰），多指伤痛。
如：I hurt my leg badly in the football match．在那场足球赛中，我的腿受了重伤。
He felt rather hurt at your words．你的话使他很难过。
injure比hurt正式，主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失。
如：A bullet injured his left eye．一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。
wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。
也可指人们精神上的创伤。
如：The thief wounded him with a knife．那小偷用刀刺伤了他。
You have wounded his pride．你伤害了他的自尊心。
cut指无意中造成的轻伤。
如：How did you get that cut on your hand﹖你手上的伤口是怎么弄的？1. hurt指“使人的肉体受伤而疼痛”，或“伤了人的自尊心或感情”。
例如：*Xiao Li hurt herself when she fell down the stairs. 小李从楼梯摔下来，跌伤了。
*That'll hurt her feeling. 那会伤他的感情。
hurt常用作不及物动词,表示“痛”的意思。
例如*My leg still hurts. 我的腿还在疼。
hurt的过去分词只作表语，不用作定语。
hurt可以表示精神上的肉体上的“创伤”。
2. wound主要用于肉体上的“创伤”，一般指严重的外伤，主要指在战场上受枪弹伤害。
作为及物动词，它的宾语是整个人，而不是受伤的部位。
例如：*He got wounded in action. 他在战斗中受伤。
*The bullet wounded him in the shoulder. 子弹伤了他的肩膀。
注：wound adj. 受伤的; wounded n. 全部伤员。
例如*The wounded were removed. 所有伤员转移了。
3. injure一般指由于意外或事故造成损伤。
它常暗示受伤部位的功能受到影响，而hurt的结果不一定机能的发挥。
例如：*Tom injured his leg in a skating accident. 汤姆在一次滑水事故中伤了腿。
练习1. The__ are well tended.A. woundingB. woundsC. woundedD. wound2. The arrow __ her in the chest.A. hurtB. woudedC. hitD. injured3. He __ himself in a traffic accident.A. hurtB. woundedC. injuredD. damaged4. That'll __ his feelings. Don't do that.A. hurtB. woundC. damageD. injure5. After a time,my back didn't __ any more.A.woundB. injureC.hurtD. hit答案: 1)C 2)B 3)A 4)A 5)Cdamage, destroy, harm, hurt, pain ,injure, wound 区别1)destroy毁灭，消灭，指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时可用于比喻意义。
如：The earthquake destroyed the whole city．地震毁了整座城市。
All his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal. 他所有的希望都被她的拒绝信毁了。
2)damage伤害，损害，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复。
damage或destroy所表示的破坏，是指对房屋或车辆等的损坏。
有时该词也用于借喻. Her heart was slightly damaged as a result Of the disease．由于生病，她的心脏轻微受损。
They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged．他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。
What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries.他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系.3) ruin 多用于借喻之中,经常指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度.表示“使……破产；糟蹋掉”的意思。
The rain will ruin the crops. 这雨会把庄稼毁掉的.I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man. 我被那场官司毁了,我破产了.He ruined himself by taking drugs. 他吸食毒品把自己给毁了。
4)harm伤害，损害，主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物，常指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等。
构成短语do harm to，表示的范围更广。
Smoking seriously harmed his health. 吸烟严重损害了他的健康。
They had their hearing harmed by the loud noise of machines.他们的听力被机器的巨大噪音所损害。
5)hurt指精神上,感情上或肉体上的“创伤，伤害”。
作不及物动词意思是“疼”。
其过去分词不能作定语。
His words hurt me／my feelings．他的话伤了我／我的感情。
He fell and hurt his leg. 他掉下来伤了腿。
My shoes are so tight that my feet hurt．鞋太紧，我的脚疼。
6)injury指意外伤害或事故造成的伤害，有危及功能发展之意。
作名词可指平时的大小创伤或伤害.Several children were injured in the accident. 好几个孩子在那次事故中受伤。
He got serious injuries to the legs at work. 他干活时腿受了重伤.注意：the injured指因事故造成的“受伤者”。
7)wound一般指刀伤，枪伤，战场上受伤，也可指对感情的伤害。
后跟的宾语是整个人而不是受伤部位。
另外，wound还可作可数名词。
还可指伤口。
He got wounded in the battle．他在战斗中受伤。
A nurse cleaned and bandaged the wound. 护士把伤口清洗包扎好.He received a serious wound in the battle.注意：the wounded表示“伤员”，wounded前也可用具体数字修饰。
如：There were twenty wounded in the field hospital.练习1. The__ are well tended.A. woundingB. woundsC. woundedD. wound2. The arrow __ her in the chest.A. hurtB. woudedC. hitD. injured3. He __ himself in a traffic accident.A. hurtB. woundedC. injuredD. damaged4. That'll __ his feelings. Don't do that.A. hurtB. woundC. damageD. injure5. After a time, my back didn't __ any more.A. woundB. injureC. hurtD. hit答案: 1)C 2)B 3)A 4)A 5)C区别wound, injure, harm,hurt,damage:wound (外伤) 枪伤，刀伤,剑伤等;injure 意外事故而对身体部位造成的伤害(有时导致功能的丧失或容貌的伤害)harm 损害,危害(健康、权利、事业,视力,社会公德等)hurt 1)多指情感或精神上的伤害2)伤痛damage (对物体的局部)损坏,使其使用价值降低,可以修复Smoking does great _____ to our health.It ______ a lot when I bend my knee.Many soldiers got ________ in the battle.Fortunately, neither the driver nor the passengers were _______ in the crash.What really _____ me is that he always ignoresmeHe___________ my car with a stone.A bullet ____________________ his left eye.The bullet __________ his arm.This will______the cause of peace.He fell off the ladder and__________his leg.You'll ______ her feelings if you forgether birthday.Last night a terrible storm hit the areaand many people were ______.My stomach______ because I have eaten too many apples.。
