2013年MTI英语翻译基础试卷

高译教育-上海海事大学考研英语翻译基础真题20132013年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目：英语翻译基础I．Set Phrase Translation（1 score for each item, 20 scores in total）1.穿越剧2.春晚3.计划生育4.外来务工人员5.年夜饭6.发展体育运动，增强人民体质7.消除皱纹8.回家养病9.培养道德意识10.发展是硬道理11.非居民用水12.潜规则13.Better Cities, Better Life14.吃团圆饭15.中国能源的困局16.特大地震17.倡导学术诚信18.三公经费19.择校20.社会事业II．Blank Filling（fill in each blank with English, 1 score for each blank, 20 scores in total）1.It is believed that the earliest translated Bible in translationhistory of the West is called ________.2.______ is believed to be the first theorist in the West to discuss theoretical issues in translation.3.Prior to the Tang Dynasty, ______ was widely translated majorly from _____ into Chinese.4.The Latin Vulgate was translated by _______.5.The first English version of whole Bible was translated by a group of people led by _____.6.The most important and influential of English Bible is the ______ version.7.The Reformation in the West is largely initiated by _____ who translated Bible from its original languagesinto ______.8.Nida believes that there are fundamentally two different types of equivalence, one which may be called____, and another which is primarily _____.9.In his theoretical construction, Peter Newmark puts forward two diametrically different translationmethods, one of which is ______ translation and another ______ translation.10.Yan Fu, a famous modern Chinese thinker and reformer, was at the same time well-known for his proposalof tri-principles of translation, i.e. _____, ______ and _______.11.The seminal paper ____________ written by ______ was called the Independence Declaration ofTranslation Studies as a discipline.12.Literary translation in late-Qing China was started by ______, who translated a romance story originallywritten in _____ into Chinese in cooperation with his interpreter Wei Yi.III．Simple Sentence Translation （2 scores for each，20 scores in total）1.像这种情况，医院就是没考虑到一些特殊病人的需要，没能为患者提供一种人性化的服务。

[考研类试卷]2013年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 most-favored nation treatment2 manned space program3 export-oriented economy4 renewable energy sources5 cultural devolution汉译英6 贫富不均7 公益事业8 销售旺季9 拜金主义10 与时俱进11 应试教育12 互利互惠13 民族复兴14 实干兴邦15 民意调查英译汉16 Will the sun rise where it sets and set where it rises? Can I relive the errors of yesterday and right them? Can I call back yesterday's wounds and make themwhole? ...Can I take back the evil that was spoken, the blows that were struck, the pain that was caused? No. Yesterday is buried forever.17 I have but one life and life is naught but a measurement of time. If I waste today I destroy the last page of my life. Therefore, each hour of this day will I cherish for it can never return. It cannot be banked today to be withdrawn on the morrow,for who can trap the wind? Each minute of this day will I grasp with both hands and fondle with love for its value is beyond price. What dying man can purchase another breath though he willingly give all his gold? What price dare I place on the hours ahead? I will make them priceless!(fondle: to handle or touch lovingly, affectionately, or tenderly)汉译英18 建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。

2013翻译硕士MTI各校真题汇总2013翻译硕士各校真题汇总2013考研已经过去，各种尘埃即将落定。

先把各个学校的真题回忆版本汇总给后来人一个复习方向。

也算给考研生活画上一个圆满的句号。

感谢网友的及时回忆，谢谢给位的奉献。

欢迎补充！愿各位取的好成绩！1、2013复旦大学MTI专业课真题回忆版基础英语。

今年的基础英语稍微有些变化，第一题仍然是无选项完型，20个空，第二题是改错，和第一题是属于一篇文章的，二十行二十个错误，第三题是词汇和语法，词汇题比去年增加了不少，第四题是阅读理解四篇一共15个小题，最后一篇稍微有些深度，上来第一句是boresom 其实是讲现代社会摧毁理性和真理的。

然后作文25分就最后一篇阅读理解发表一下自己的看法。

翻译。

背了一堆翻译词汇今年竟然一个词汇翻译都没有，就一个汉译英70分与一个英译汉80分。

英译汉是一篇医学文章，里面什么胆囊啊肠啊的生词一大堆。

汉译英是文言文啊亲，我旦不学好啊，跟着北大学考文言文额。

原文如下：世有三乐，真乐也。

一曰人伦之乐，二曰心地之乐，三曰讲习之乐。

孟子曰：“父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也。

”此人伦之乐也；“仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也。

”此心地之乐也；“得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。

”此讲习之乐也。

人伦之乐自父母兄弟之外，妻室欲其同甘苦，子孙欲其师教，宗族欲其和睦，女之适人者欲其得所归结，自人伦而推之，有一败人意则非乐也。

心地之乐岂止俯仰无愧怍而已，其道德必与圣贤合、与天地并，可也；道德未同乎圣贤、未同乎天地，不可以已也。

讲习之乐何止于得英才而教育，凡学问德行之有胜乎吾者，吾方且师之，虽受人之教育亦乐矣。

此三者，天下之真乐。

不此之乐，而以外物为乐，乐未一二，而忧已八九。

世俗以为乐，识者不贵也。

百科知识中国四大发明，欧债危机，金砖四国，莫言，生态难民，莎士比亚，君主立宪制，euro tunnel，thedeclaration of independence，DNA，伦敦奥运会，秦始皇陵兵马俑，论语，大中华文库，Encyclopedia Britannica，a nation on wheels，还有一个masps 还是什么的这个不知道，数了数17个还有8个想不起来了，这个是一个2分，一共五十分。

2013北京语言大学翻译硕士英语笔译英语翻译基础（回忆版）Ⅰ.Translate the following abbreviations and phrases into corresponding meanings.1.HTTP 超文本传输协议2. VAT 增值税3. EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟4.APEC 亚太经合组织5. NPT（military) 不扩散核武器条约6.IPO 首次公开募股；首次公开上市7.strait exchange fundation 海基会(SEF)8.The Milky Way 银河9.dollar policy 金元外交10. a five percent discount 九五折11.returns on equity 股权回报率12. running expense 经营费用13.mass transit system 公共客运系统.14.Equalitarianism 平均主义15.International Date Line 国际日期变更线16. 磁悬浮列车 Maglev train17. 保质期gurantee period18.自主招生 independent recruitment19.工笔画traditional Chinese realistic painting20.公积金public accumulation fund21.限购 property-purchasing limitations22.军国主义 militarism23.三权分立（西方） separation of executive, legislative and judicial powers24. 鸿门宴 Hongmen Banquet25. 中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory Comission (CSRC)26.《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror27探月工程 lunar probe program.28.党内民主 Inner-party democracy29.制海权command of sea30.弱势群体 the disadvantaged / vulnerable groupⅡ、篇章翻译(120’)英译汉(60’)Source 1 (25’)In bad economic times the temptation to bash immigration is overwhelmi ng. “Get the stench out of Greece,” runs a slogan of Golden Dawn, an increasingly popularanti-immigrant party there. David Cameron has pledged to more than halve annual net migration into Britain by 2015. In America Republicans are wondering how much anti-immigration rhetoric contributed to Mitt Romney’s defeat in the presidential election. A change of political tune is badly needed. Evidence suggests that increased flows of people across borders could ignite global growth.Source 2 (35’)关于UFO 的一篇文章，汉译英：(60’)每个人都不免有一个理想，或为温饱，或为名利，或为学问，或为德行，所谓“从其大体者为大人，从其小体者为小人”。

翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试四川大学2013年真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：30.00)1.Presumably , excessive consumption of fried foods has serious consequences as has been proved.（分数：2.00）A.TheoreticallyB.PracticallyC.IncrediblyD.Probably2.Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but it is adversely affected by sunlight.（分数：2.00）A.softB.sheerC.fragileD.refined3.It is anticipated that this contract will substantially increase sales over the next three years.（分数：2.00）A.apparentlyB.slightlyC.considerablyD.steadily4.Wives tend to believe that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and versatile.（分数：2.00）A.diligentB.capableC.cleverD.perfect5.What is at fault in our present system is not the outcome but the fallible procedure.（分数：2.00）A.sublimeB.erroneousC.plausibleD.impeccable6.What he expressed as a mere supposition was taken by others as a positive statement.（分数：2.00）A.suspectB.surmiseC.suspicionD.surrender7.Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional .（分数：2.00）A.permanentB.temporaryC.corruptD.craven8.Any troop of wild animals should be approached warily .（分数：2.00）A.fearlesslyB.confidentlyC.silentlyD.prudently9.Mr. Johnson was a passionate person filled with an incredible dynamism .（分数：2.00）A.energyB.enduranceC.effortD.endeavor10.Among the lowest of the judicial ranks, justices of the peace nevertheless frequently exercise jurisdiction over a variety of misdemeanors.（分数：2.00）A.guidanceB.sovereigntyC.authorityD.suzerainty11.The general opinion is that he is ______ to complain.（分数：1.00）A.so much a milquetoastB.too a milquetoastC.too much of a milquetoastD.so much of a milquetoast12.The ozone layer plays as great a role in the stability of spaceship Earth as ______ the waters of its lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, and streams.（分数：1.00）A.doB.doesC.playD.are13.Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even though I was ______ last week.（分数：1.00）A.to be startedB.to have startedC.to have been startingD.start14.Despite an overlay of quasi-literary French vocabulary stemming from the Norman Invasion of 1066, the daily vocabulary of English remained Germanic, ______ its grammatical structure.（分数：1.00）A.the same areB.and so areC.as didD.and so were15.Although money is always useful, it isn"t all ______.（分数：1.00）A.what there is to lifeB.to which there is in lifeC.there is to lifeD.that is in life16.______ ever so humble, there"s no place like home.（分数：1.00）A.It beB.Be itC.It wasD.Was it17.Although women duster to him like moths around a flame, he is none ______ happier for it.（分数：1.00）A.butB.theC.muchD.any18.Professor Jeffrey"s lecture on the recycling of waste paper and other garbage will show ______ can still be improved.（分数：1.00）A.that the municipal authorities have doneB.how those the municipal authorities have doneC.how what the municipal authorities have doneD.that how the municipal authorities have done19.Most insulation devices of this kind, ______ manufactured for such purposes, are extremely expensive to install.（分数：1.00）A.that areB.which isC.those areD.as are20.The detective watched and saw the suspect ______ a hotel at the corner of the street.（分数：1.00）A.getting off the taxi and walking intoB.got off the taxi and walked intoC.get off the taxi and walk intoD.got off the taxi to walk into二、Part Ⅱ Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section 1 Multiple c(总题数：2，分数：20.00)An important point in the development of a governmental agency is the codification of its controlling practices. The study of law or jurisprudence is usually concerned with the codes, and practices of specific governments, past or present. It is also concerned with certain questions upon which a functional analysis of behavior has some beating. What is a law? What role does a law play in governmental control? In particular, what effect does it have upon the behavior of the controller and of the members of the governmental agency itself?A law usually has two important features. In the first place, it specifies behavior. The behavior is usually not described topographically but rather in terms of its effect upon others—the effect that is the object of governmental control. When we are told, for example, that an individual has "committed perjury", we are not told what he has actually said. "Robbery" and "assault" do not refer to specific forms of response. Only properties of behavior which are aversive to others are mentioned—in perjury the lack of a customary correspondence between a verbal response and certain factual circumstances, in robbery the removal of positive reinforces, and in assault the aversive character of physical injury. In the second place, a law specifies or implies a consequence, usually punishment. A law is thus a statement of a contingency of reinforcement maintained by a governmental agency. The contingency may have prevailed as a controlling practice prior to its codification as a law, or it may represent a new practice which goes into effect with the passage of the law. Laws are thus both descriptions of past practices and assurances of similar practices in the future. A law is a rule of conduct in the sense that it specifies the consequences of certain actions which in turn "rule" behavior.The effect of a law upon the controlling agency. The government of a large group requires an elaborate organization, the practices of which may be made more consistent and effective by codification. How codes of law affect governmental agents is the principal subject of jurisprudence. The behavioral processes are complex, although presumably not novel. In order to maintain or "enforce" contingencies of governmental control, an agency must establish the factthat an individual has behaved illegally and must interpret a code to determine the punishment. It must then carry out the punishment. These labors are usually divided among special subdivisions of the agency. The advantages gained when the individual is "not under man but under law" have usually been obvious, and the great codifiers of law occupy places of honor in the history of civilization. Codification does not, however, change the essential nature of governmental action nor remedy all its defects.（分数：10.00）(1).In the development of a government agency, ______.（分数：2.00）A.the standard on which the judgment may be made is more important than the actual application of this judgmentB.the function of law is importantC.the study of ordinance is the most importantD.practice is more important than criterion(2).One of the prominent characteristics of a law is ______.（分数：2.00）A.the result on the individual"s behavior on which a restraining influence is being exercisedB.the result of a behavior on the members of the governmental agencyC.the result of a behavior on ordinary citizensD.Both A and B(3).What does the example "committed perjury" illustrate?（分数：2.00）A.The law will examine closely what the individual said in courtB.It illustrates that the law only has something to say when behavior has negative effects on othersC.Behavior which tends to avoid punishing stimulus will not be explicitly specified by lawD.Both B and C(4).The other distinguishing trait of the law is ______.（分数：2.00）A.punishment is carried out by the courts at all levelsB.rules and court practices initiated by a governmental agency are specifically designed to increase government controlC.a system of rules governing a conduct, activity or event incidental by natureD.any governmental reinforcement(5).How does codification of the laws affect governmental agents?（分数：2.00）A.The law will be interpreted objectively rather than subjectivelyernment agencies have to compromise with factual conditionsC.Occasionally, governmental agencies have to redress, correct or adapt a law for their benefitws can not be altered or modified but they can be incremented with new court decisions and also through jurisprudence"Sloganeering" did not originate in the 1960s. The term has a rich history. It originated from the Gaelic word slaughgharim, which signified a "host-shout," "war cry," or "gathering word or phrase of one of the old Highland clans; hence the shout or battle cry of soldiers in the field." English-speaking people began using the term by 1704. The term at the time meant "the distinctive note, phrase, or cry of any person or body of persons." Slogans were common throughout the European continent during the middle ages, and they were utilized primarily as "passwords to insure proper recognition of individuals at night or in the confusion of battle." The American revolutionary rhetoric would not have been the same without "the Boston Massacre," "the Boston Tea Party," "the shot heard around the world," and shouts of "no taxation without representation".Slogans operate in society as "social symbols" and, as such, their intended or perceived meaning may be difficult to grasp and their impact or stimulation may differ between and among individuals and groups.Because slogans may operate as "significant symbols" or as key words that have a standard meaning in a group, they serve both expressive and persuasive functions. Harold Lasswell recognized thatthe influencing of collective attitudes is possible by the manipulation of significant symbols such as slogans. He believed that a verbal symbol might evoke a desired reaction or organize collective attitudes around a symbol. Murray Edelman writes that "to the political scientist patterning or consistency in the context in which specific groups of individuals use symbols is crucial, for only through such patterning do common political meaning and claims arise." Thus, the slogans a group uses to evoke specific responses may provide us with an index for the group"s norm, values, and conceptual rationale for its claims.Slogans are so pervasive in today"s society that it is easy to underestimate their persuasive power. They have grown in significance because of the medium of television and the advertising industry. Television, in addition to being the major advertising medium, has altered the nature of human interaction. Political images are less personal and shorter. They function as summaries and conclusions rather than bases for public interaction and debate. The style of presentation in television is more emotional, but the content is less complex or ideological. In short, slogans work well on television.The advertising industry has made a science of sloganeering. Today, communication itself is a problem because we live in an "overcommunicated" society. Advertisers have discovered that it is easier to link product attributes to existing beliefs, ideas, goals, and desires of the consumer rather than to change them. Thus, to say that a cookie tastes "homemade" or is as good as "Morn used to make" does not tell us if the cookie is good or bad, hard or soft, but simply evokes the fond memories of Mother"s baking. Advertisers, then, are more successful if they present a product in a way that capitalizes on established beliefs or expectations of the consumer. Slogans do this well by crystallizing in a few words the key idea or theme one wants to associate with an issue, group, product, or event. "Sloganeering" has become institutionalized as a virtual art form, and an advertising agency may spend months testing and creating the right slogan for a product or a person.Slogans have a number of attributes that enhance their persuasive potential for social movements. They are unique and readily identifiable with a specific social movement or social movement organization. "Gray Power," for instance, readily identifies the movement for elderly Americans, and "Huelga" (strike in Spanish) identifies the movement to aid Mexican American field workers in the west and southwest.（分数：10.00）(1)."Sloganeering" stems from a word that was used ______.（分数：2.00）A.in the United StatesB.in the IrelandC.on the European continentD.frequently in revolutionary rhetoric(2).What is the writer"s main purpose?（分数：2.00）A.To explain the history of slogansB.To explain the persuasiveness of slogansC.To explain how slogans have changedD.To explain how slogans are used on television(3).Because slogans are "social symbols" they ______.（分数：2.00）A.can have different meanings in different cultural and economic settingsB.are widely used as status symbolsC.can be used to demonstrate high social standingD.are perceived as difficult to grasp(4).Lasswell"s and Edelman"s studies are important in that they ______.（分数：2.00）A.believe that a verbal symbol might evoke a desired reactionB.demonstrate that patterning and consistency is crucial to the use of symbolsanize collective attitudes around a symbolD.demonstrate a culture"s principles are indicated by the slogans which arc used(5).Television ______.（分数：2.00）A.has distorted the purpose of slogansB.has kept consistent the nature of human interactionC.has made political images personal and shorterD.utilizes slogans well四、Section 2 Answering (总题数：2，分数：20.00)THE WISDOM OF SOCRATESI will try to explain to you what has given rise to these slanders and given me a bad name. Listen then. Some of you will think that I am joking, but I assure you that I will tell you the whole truth. I have gained this bad reputation, Athenians, simply by reason of a certain kind of wisdom. What kind of wisdom? It is by that sort of wisdom which is possible to men. It may be that in having that I am really wise. But the men of whom I was speaking just now must be wise in a wisdom which is greater than human wisdom, or in some way which I cannot describe since I know nothing of it myself; and if any man says that I do know anything of superhuman wisdom, he lies and wants to slander me. (Interruptions.) Do not interrupt me, Athenians, even if you think that I am speaking arrogantly I am. going to say something which is not my own. I will tell you who says it and he deserves to be believed by you. I will bring the god of Delphi to be the witness of the fact of my wisdom and of its nature. You remember Chaerephon. From youth upwards he was my comrade. You remember his character. He was impetuous. Once he went to Delphi and ventured to put this question to the Oracle—(interruptions)—I entreat you again, my friends, not to cry out-he asked if there was any man who was wiser than I, and the priestess answered that them was no man. Chaerephon himself is dead, but his brother here will confirm what I say.Why do I tell you this? I am going to explain to you the origin of my unpopularity. When I heard what the Oracle had said I began to reflect. What could God mean by this dark saying? I knew very well that I was not wise, even in the smallest degree. Then what could he mean by saying that I was the wisest of men? It cannot be that he was speaking falsely for he is a god and cannot lie. For a long time I was at a loss to understand his meaning. After turning it over in my mind for a long time I thought of away of testing the matter. I went to a man who was said to be wise, thinking that there if anywhere I should prove the Oracle wrong, and meaning to point out to the Oracle its mistake. I should be able to say, "You said that I was the wisest of men, but this man is wiser than I am." So I examined the man—I need not tell you his name; he was a politician —but this was the result, Athenians. When I talked with him I found that, though a great many persons, and most of all he himself; thought that he was wise, yet he was not wise. Then I tried to prove to him that he was not wise though he fancied he was, and by so doing I made him, and many of the bystanders, Elders, my enemies. So when I went away I thought to myself, I am wiser than this man. Probably neither of us knows anything that is really good, but he thinks that he has knowledge, when he has not, while I having no knowledge, do not think that I have. I do not think that I know what I do not know, and on this point, at any rate I seem to be a little wiser than he is.Next I went to another man who was said to be even wiser than the last, with exactly the same result. Here again I made him, and many other men, my enemies.I went on to one man after another, making enemies every day. This caused me much unhappiness and anxiety, but I thought that I must set God"s command above everything? So I had to go to every man who seemed to possess any knowledge, and search for the meaning of the Oracle. This was the result of the search which I made at God"s bidding: the men whose reputation for wisdom stood highest were among those most lacking in it, while others, who were looked down on as common people, were much better fitted to learn.Now I must describe to you the wanderings which I undertook to make full proof of the Oracle.After the politicians I went to the poets, thinking that I should and myself clearly more ignorant than they. So I took up the poems on which I thought they had spent most pains, and ask them what they meant, hoping to learn something from them. I am ashamed to tell you the truth, my friends, but I must say it. Almost any of the bystanders could have talked about the works of these poets better than the poets themselves. So I soon found out that it is not by wisdom that the poets create their works, but by a certain natural power and by inspiration, like soothsayers and prophets who say fine things but who understand nothing of what they say. At the same time I saw that, because of their poetry, they thought that they were the wisest of men in other matters too, which they were not. So I went away again, thinking that I had the same advantage over the poets as I had .over the politicians.Finally I went to the skilled workmen, for I knew very well that I possessed no knowledge at all worth speaking of, and I was sure that I should find that they knew many fine things, and in that I was not mistaken. But, Athenians, they made the same mistake as the poets. Each of them believed himself to be extremely wise in matters of the greatest importance because he was skilled in his own art. I asked myself, on behalf of the Oracle, whether I would choose to remain as I was, without either their wisdom or their ignorance, or to possess both, as they did. I made answer to myself and to the Oracle that it was better for me to remain as I was.By reason of this examination, Athenians, I have made enemies of a very bitter and fierce kind, who have spread abroad a great number of slanders about me. People say that I am a "wise man", thinking that I am wise myself in any matter in which I show another man to be ignorant. But, my friends, I believe that only God is really wise, and that by this Oracle he meant that men"s wisdom is worth little or nothing. I do not think he meant that Socrates was wise. He only took me as an example as though he would say to men, "He among you is the wisest who, like Socrates, knows that his wisdom is worth little at all."（分数：12.00）(1).When Socrates says that he is not wise, what does he mean by "being wise" ? When he says that he possesses a certain kind of wisdom, what kind of "wisdom" has he in mind?When he says that only God is really wise, is he thinking of the first sense of "wisdom" or second?（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).In the second sentence of the second paragraph, Socrates promises to explain to the audience the origin of his unpopularity. What exactly is the explanation which he offers on this point?（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).Can you tell from this passage whether Socrates had a sympathetic audience or a hostile one?（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ "I"ve been expecting you!" Marek repeated, when he had seated his guest in a comfortable leather chair. Nothing on earth would have induced Bondy to own up to his vision of the fallen inventor. "Just fancy!" he said, with a rather forced gaiety. "What a coincidence! It struck me only this very morning that we hadn"t seen each other for twenty years. Twenty years, Rudy, think of it!" "Hm," said Marek. "And so you want to buy my invention.""Buy it?" said G. H. Bondy hesitatingly. "I really don"t know... I haven"t even given it a thought.I wanted to see you and—""Oh, come, you needn"t pretend," Marek interrupted him. "I knew that you were coming. You"d be sure to, for a thing like this. This kind of invention is just in your line. There"s a lot to be done with it. " He made an eloquent motion with his hand, coughed, and began again more deliberately. "The invention I am going to show you means a bigger revolution in technical methods than Wart"s invention of the steam-engine. To give you its nature briefly, it provides, putting it theoretically, for the complete utilization of atomic energy."Bondy concealed a yawn. "But tell me, what have you been doing all these twenty years?" Marek glanced at him with some surprise."Modem science teaches that all matter—that is to say, its atoms—is composed of a vast number of units of energy. An atom is in reality a collection of electrons, i. e. of the tiniest particles of electricity.""That"s tremendously interesting," Bondy broke in. "I was always weak in physics, you know. But you"re not looking well, Marek. By the way, how did you happen to come by this playth. , this, er... factory?""I? Oh, quite by accident. I invented a new kind of filament for electric bulbs... But that"s nothing; I only came upon it incidentally. You see, for twenty years I"ve been working on the combustion of matter. Tell me yourself, Bondy, what is the greatest problem of modern industry?" "Doing business," said Bond. "And are you married yet?""I"m a widower," answered Marek, leaping up excitedly. "No, business has nothing to do with it, I tell you. It"s combustion. The complete utilization of the heat-energy contained in matter! Just consider that we use hardly one hundred-thousandth of the heat that there is in coal, and that could be extracted from it! Do you realize that?""Yes, coal is terribly dear!" said Mr. Bondy sapiently.Marek sat down and cried disgustedly, "Look here, if you haven"t come here about my Karburator, Bondy, you can go. ""Go ahead, then," Bondy returned, anxious to conciliate him.Marek rested his head in his hands, and after a struggle came out with, "For twenty years I"ve been working on it, and now—now, I"ll sell it to the first man who comes along! My magnificent dream! The greatest invention of all the ages! Seriously, Bondy, I tell you, it"s something really amazing.""No doubt, in the present wretched state of affairs," assented Bondy."No, without any qualification at all, amazing. Do you realize that it means the utilization of atomic energy without any residue whatever?""Aha," said Bondy. "So we"re going to do our heating with atoms. Well, why not? ... You"ve got a nice place here, Rudy. Small and pleasant. How many hands do you employ?" Marek took no notice. "You know," he said thoughtfully, "it"s all the same thing, whatever you call it—the utilization of atomic energy, or the complete combustion of matter, or the disintegration of matter. You can call it what you please.""I"m in favor of "combustion"!" said Mr. Bondy. "It sounds more familiar.""But "disintegration" is more exact—to break up the atoms into electrons, and harness the electrons and make them work. Do you understand that?""Perfectly," Bondy assured him. "The point is to harness them!""Well, imagine, say, that there are two horses at the ends of a rope, pulling with all their might in opposite directions. Do you know what you have then?""Some kind of sport, I suppose," suggested Mr. Bondy."No, a state of repose. The horses pull, but they stay where they are. And if you were to cut the rope—""—The horses would fall over," cried G. H. Bondy, with a flash of inspiration."No, but they would start running; they would become energy released. Now, pay attention. Matter is a team in that very position. Cut the bonds that hold its electrons together, and they will..." "Run loose!""Yes, but we can catch and harness them, don"t you see? Or put it to yourself this way: we burn a piece of coal, say, to produce heat. We do get a little heat from it, but we also get ashes, coal-gas, and soot. So we don"t lose the matter altogether, do we?""No. —Won"t you have a cigar?""No, I won"t. —But the matter which is left still contains a vast quantity of unused atomic energy. If we used up the whole of the atomic energy, we should use up the whole of the atoms. In short, the matter would vanish altogether. ""Aha! Now I understand.""It"s just as though we were to grind corn badly—as if we ground up the thin outer husk and threw the rest away, just as we throw away ashes. When the grinding is perfect, there"s nothing or next to nothing left of the grain, is there? In the same way, when there is perfect combustion, there"s nothing or next to nothing left of the matter we burn. It"s ground up completely. It is used up. It returns to its original nothingness. You know, it takes a tremendous amount of energy to make matter exist at all. Take away its existence, compel it not to be, and you thereby release an enormous supply of power. That"s how it is, Bondy. ""Aha. That"s not bad.""Pflüger, for instance, calculates that one kilogramme of coal contains twenty-three billions of calories. I think that Pflüger exaggerates.""Decidedly.""l have arrived at seven billions myself, theoretically. But even that signifies that one kilogramme of coal, if it underwent complete combustion, would run a good-sized factory for several hundred hours!""The devil it does!" cried Mr. Bondy, springing from his chair."I can"t give you the exact number of hours. I"ve been burning half a kilogramme of coal for six weeks at a pressure of thirty kilogrammetres and, man alive," said the engineer in a whisper, turning pale, "it"s still going on... and on... and on."Bondy was embarrassed; he stroked his smooth round chin. "Listen, Marek," he began, hesitatingly. "You"re surely.., er... a bit.., er... overworked."Marek"s hand thrust the suggestion aside. "Not a bit of it. If you"d only get up physics a bit,I could give you an explanation of my Karburator in which the combustion takes place. It involvesa whole chapter of advanced physics, you know. But you"ll see it downstairs in the cellar. I shovelled half a kilogramme of coal into the machine, then I shut it up and had it officially sealed in the presence of witnesses, so that no one could put any more coal in. Go and have a look at it for yourself—go on—go now! You won"t understand it, anyway, but—go down to the cellar! Go on down, man, I tell you!""Won"t you come with me?" asked Bondy in astonishment."No, you go alone. And... I say, Bondy... don"t stay down there long.""Why not?" asked Bondy, growing a trifle suspicious."Oh, nothing much. Only I have a notion that perhaps it"s not quite healthy down there. Turn on the light, the switch is just by the door. That noise down in the cellar doesn"t come from my machine. It works noiselessly, steadily, and without any smell... The roaring is only a ventilator. Well, now, you go on. I"ll wait here. Then you can tell me..."Bondy went down the cellar steps, quite glad to be away from that madman for a while (quite mad, no doubt whatever about it) and rather worried as to the quickest means of getting out of the place altogether. Why, just look, the cellar had a huge thick reinforced door just like an armourplated safe in a bank. And now let"s have a light. The switch was just by the door. And there in the middle of the arched concrete cellar, clean as a monastery cell, lay a gigantic copper cylinder resting on cement supports. It was closed on all sides except at the top, where there was a grating bedecked with seals. Inside the machine all was darkness and silence. With a smooth and regular motion the cylinder thrust forth a piston which slowly rotated a heavy fly-wheel. That was all. Only the ventilator in the cellar window kept up a ceaseless rattle.Perhaps it was the draught from the ventilator or something—but Mr. Bondy felt a peculiar breeze upon his brow, and an eerie sensation as though his hair were standing on end; and then it seemed。

2013年研究生入学考试英语一翻译试题It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative oppression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot.(47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. I n so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life－assuming uncanny representational forms。

2013年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．Local People’s Procuratorate正确答案：地方人民检察院2．principle of reciprocity正确答案：互惠原则3．normalization of relations正确答案：关系正常化4．bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation正确答案：双边和多边经济合作5．three-point shot percentage正确答案：三分球命中率6．Intellectual Property Rights正确答案：知识产权7．black sheep正确答案：害群之马8．defense budget正确答案：国防预算9．gender gap正确答案：性别差异10．International Space Station正确答案：国际空间站11．The National Aeronautics and Space Administration 正确答案：美国国家航空航天局12．unemployment benefit正确答案：失业津贴13．Maglev train(magnetically levitated train)正确答案：磁悬浮列车14．multi-lateral international conventions正确答案：多边国际公约15．crime of dereliction of duty正确答案：渎职罪汉译英16．双重国籍正确答案：dual nationality17．领土完整正确答案：territorial integrity18．营业执照正确答案：business license19．白马王子正确答案：Prince Charming20．搬迁户正确答案：relocated families21．总统候选人正确答案：presidential candidate22．世界文化遗产正确答案：World Cultural Heritage23．中国革命历史博物馆正确答案：the Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of Chinese Revolution24．中国科学院正确答案：Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)25．白手起家正确答案：to start from scratch26．居留权正确答案：right of residence27．豆浆正确答案：soybean milk28．公共设施正确答案：communal facilities29．国民生产总值正确答案：gross national product(GNP)30．国际日期变更线正确答案：International Date Line(IDL)英汉互译英译汉31．On the morning of December 26, 2004, an undersea section of the earth’s crust slipped along a 700-mile-long fault off the coast of Sumatra. In one of the worst natural disasters on record, the ensuing earthquake triggered a series of destructive waves or tsunamis that claimed more than 250, 000 lives.Barely a minute after the quake, computers at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii picked up seismic signals and automatically alerted scientists. They issued an emergency bulletin for the Pacific but watched helplessly as the tragedy unfolded, since no similar detection network exists in the Indian Ocean. Fifteen minutes after the quake, a colossal wall of water struck the northwest coast of Sumatra, surging miles inland and obliterating everything in its path. Over the next few hours, gigantic waves raced across the Indian Ocean, killing tens of thousands of people in Thailand, Sri Lanka, and India.Now the documentary tells the minute-by-minute story of the 2004 tsunami, featuring the testimony of lucky survivors and gripping eyewitness video footage. In an authoritative look at tsunami science, this documentary presents the first in-depth exploration of what made the waves so destructive. And with the help of a massive wave tank, scientists assess the risk that a similar or even bigger catastrophe might one day strike U. S. coastlines.正确答案：2004年12月26日的早晨，海底地壳的一部分沿着离苏门答腊岛海岸不远处一个700英里长的断层下滑。

2013年上海大学翻硕MTI英语翻译基础完整回忆版第一题：汉译英5个词每个词4分共20分文化软实力（cultural soft power）文化自觉（cultural awareness或cultural self-conscious或cultural consciousness）贴近实际，贴近生活，贴近群众（这是18大报告的内容close to reality，close to life， close to the masses）食品安全法（Food Safety Law）反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competition law第二题：大概是Why different types of text call for different methods to translating？共10分第三题汉译英共60分（一篇叫做《中国人力资源服务白皮书2012》的节选，但是百度找不到。

下面的是其中一部分，仅供参考）我国国民经济和社会发展正式迈入“十二五”开局之年，转变经济增长方式、实现科学发展成为全国人民的共识。

在“十二五”规划纲要中，我国明确地提出要把加快现代服务业的发展作为经济结构战略性调整的主攻方向，为人力资源服务业提供了广阔的市场空间和坚实的政策保障。

第四题英译汉共60分（一反常态的，好长好长的，一篇文章）Every family has its own holiday traditions. In the Brown household, Christmas was always a time of delicious food,sing-alongs, colorful gifts, and mysterious codes.Yes, codes.When I was a kid, no Christmas morning was complete without the annual treasure hunt. When the last present under the Christmas tree had been opened, my siblings and I knew that there still remained one "big" present hidden somewhere in the house for us to find. Our only hope of locating it was a cryptic clue that traditionally resided in a lone envelope perched high on the tree, out of our reach.One year the envelope contained a particularly mind-boggling treasure hunt that my brother, sister and I still recall as The "TOCEP" Christmas Mystery. (In fact, this treasure hunt directly inspired the scene on page 111 of The Da Vinci Code.) That was the year we had a foreign exchange student living with us. Bea was South African and understandably was somewhat overwhelmed by the frenzied anticipation that led up to an American Christmas. Nonetheless, she embraced the decorating, singing, and cooking with a zeal that made the holidays doubly special for us that year. So it was with great happiness, on Christmas morning, after all the presents were opened, that my parents handed Bea the mysterious envelope and explained to her the Brown tradition of a Christmas Quest.Looking amazed that such a tradition could exist, Bea excitedly opened the envelope. The poem inside announced that this year's quest involved locating five letters of the alphabet, which had been hidden around the house. According to the poem’s final stanza, the first letter we needed to find was "T."You seek a letter in a nook(It's very hard to see).But of the places you might look,There’s just one spot for "T."Only one spot for T?My little brother Greg was the first to figure it out. He leapt up and dashed into the kitchen. We all ran after him as he retrieved a stool, dragged it into the breakfast nook, climbed up onto the counter, and grabbed the canister in which my mother kept her tea bags. Sure enough, inside was a note card emblazoned with the letter "T."Brilliant!Along with the letter "T" we found another clue, which ingeniously guided us down to the basement where we found the letter "O" taped to an O-shaped Hoola Hoop.Again, fiendishly clever!From there more clues led us all over the house. In the kitchenwe found the letter "C" stuffed in a Vitamin C container. In the mud-room, the letter "E" was hidden inside my Exeter baseball cap (bearing that same letter).By then, we had located four letters (T-O-C-E), and still we felt no closer to understanding our mysterious prize. We hoped the fifth and final letter would make it all come clear. The final clue, however, was baffling.The final letter in your quest,Is simple as can be.It's hidden in a special roomQuite natural for a "P."A special room quite natural for a P?I looked in the pantry around the canned peas. Nothing.My little brother checked his bedroom for his Phillies cap. Nothing.A natural place for "P"?It was Beatrice, our exchange student (having learned a good amount of American slang), who suddenly gasped, jumped to her feet, and dashed up the stairs. For a moment, my siblings and I thought she was ill... but then we heard her shriek with joy. We raced upstairs to find Bea in the bathroom, laughing hysterically and pointing into the toilet. We peered inside,and there, to our enormous delight, we found the letter "P" taped inside the toilet bowl."P" in the toilet!The joke left all four of us kids rolling on the floor in hysterics. Surely my parents had to be the two funniest people alive. Finally, when we all could breathe again, we hurried back to the living room to decipher the meaning of these five mysterious lettersT-O-C-E-P?We spread the letters out on the living room floor and stared at them.T...O...C...E...P?They meant nothing to us.It was my younger sister Valerie who saw it first. She drew a startled breath and spun to my parents in disbelief. "No!" she exclaimed. "Really?"My parents were beaming. "Really. We leave tomorrow morning." The rest of us kids watched in rapt animation as little Valerie victoriously rearranged the five letters TOCEP.... to spell one magical word: EPCOT. Instantly, all four kids were dancing around the room, whooping for joy, chanting "Epcot! Epcot!" Even our exchange student Bea had heard of Walt Disney World'sEpcot Center, and she joined in the dance. It was a dream come true. The very next morning, we all boarded a plane for Epcot. It was the best Christmas ever.附上答案一枚每个家庭都有自己的过节传统，我们布朗家也是如此。

2013年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．IAEA正确答案：国际原子能机构2．UNICEF正确答案：联合国儿童基金会3．Iron-deficiency anemia正确答案：缺铁性贫血4．sandwich generation正确答案：三明治一代5．hydrocarbon compounds正确答案：碳氢化合物6．eutrophication正确答案：富营养化7．wind turbine正确答案：风力发动机8．temperate ecosystems正确答案：温带生态系统9．depleted nuclear fuel正确答案：贫化铀10．genome正确答案：基因组11．nanotechnology正确答案：纳米技术12．marginal cost正确答案：边际成本13．discount market正确答案：贴现市场14．LDC正确答案：欠发达国家15．eye candy正确答案：华而不实汉译英16．页岩气正确答案：shale gas17．居家养老正确答案：home—based care for the aged18．参政议政正确答案：participate in the administration and discussion of state affairs 19．本币互换协议正确答案：bilateral currency swap agreement20．自主知识产权正确答案：intellectual property right21．存款准备金正确答案：deposit reserve22．专属经济区正确答案：exclusive economic zone23．文化逆差正确答案：cultural deficit24．光伏电池正确答案：photovoltaic cell25．装机容量正确答案：installed capacity26．差额选举正确答案：competitive election27．医药分开正确答案：separation of clinic from pharmacy 28．官二代正确答案：the children of powerful officials 29．屌丝正确答案：diors30．打酱油正确答案：it’s none of someone’s business 英汉互译英译汉31．The conifer hedges in front of J. K. Rowling’s seventeenth-century house, in Edinburgh, are about twenty feet tall. They reach higher than the street lamps in front of them, and evoke the entrance to the spiteful maze in the film adaptation of “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, “ the fourth volume of her fantasy series. Rowling, who at forty-seven, is about to publish her first novel for adults—it is set in a contemporary Britain familiar with Jay-Z and online pornography, but is shaded with memories of her own, quite cheerless upbringing—lives here with her second husband, Neil Murray, a doctor, and their children. She has a reputation for reserve: for being likable but shy and thin-skinned, and not at all comfortable with the personal impact of having created a modern myth, sold four hundred and fifty million books, and inspired more than six hundred thousand pieces of Harry Potter fan fiction, a total that increases by at least a thousand stories a week.正确答案：J．K．罗琳住在爱丁堡一座十七世纪的房子里，周围满是针叶树，差不多6．1米高，比它们前面的街灯还要高，很容易让人想起罗琳第四部小说《哈利·波特与火焰杯》的改编电影中神秘莫测的学校入口。

QE3CNNthe Eighteenth National Congress of the CPCUS pivot to AsiaIMFASEANThe Gaza Strip长三角中产收入陷阱纳米技术独立自主的和平外交政策钓鱼岛争端【想不起了待补充】英译汉Broken BRICs （毁了的“金砖四国）Why the Rest Stopped RisingBy Ruchir SharmaNovember/December 2012Over the past several years, the most talked-about trend in the global economy has been the so-called rise of the rest, which saw the economies of many developing countries swiftly converging with those of their more developed peers. The primary engines behind this phenomenon were the four major emerging-market countries, known as the BRICs: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The world was witnessing a once-in-a-lifetime shift, the argument went, in which the major players in the developing world were catching up to or even surpassing their counterparts in the developed world.These forecasts typically took the developing world's high growthrates from the middle of the last decade and extended them straight into the future, juxtaposing them against predicted sluggish growthin the United States and other advanced industrial countries. Such exercises supposedly proved that, for example, China was on the verge of overtaking the United States as the world's largest economy-apoint that Americans clearly took to heart, as over 50 percent of them, according to a Gallup poll conducted this year, said they think that China is already the world's "leading" economy, even though the U.S. economy is still more than twice as large (and with a per capita income seven times as high).As with previous straight-line projections of economic trends, however-such as forecasts in the 1980s that Japan would soon be number one economically-later returns are throwing cold water on the extravagant predictions. With the world economy heading for its worst year since 2009, Chinese growth is slowing sharply, from doubledigits down to seven percent or even less. And the rest of the BRICs are tumbling, too: since 2008, Brazil's annual growth has droppedfrom 4.5 percent to two percent; Russia's, from seven percent to 3.5 percent; and India's, from nine percent to six percent.None of this should be surprising, because it is hard to sustainrapid growth for more than a decade. The unusual circumstances of the last decade made it look easy: coming off the crisis-ridden 1990s and fueled by a global flood of easy money, the emerging markets took off in a mass upward swing that made virtually every economy a winner. By 2007, when only three countries in the world suffered negative growth, recessions had all but disappeared from the international scene. But now, there is a lot less foreign money flowing into emerging markets. The global economy is returning to its normal state of churn, with many laggards and just a few winners rising in unexpected places. The implications of this shift are striking, because economic momentum is power, and thus the flow of money to rising stars will reshape the global balance of power.【译文出自网络，仅供参考】为何“其它国家”停止增长？全球经济中提到最多的趋势是所谓的“其它国家”的崛起。