第12届英语四六级模拟考试答案[001]

Part I Writing参考范文Will phones kill letter writing?Today ，with the quick pace of life ，people ，especially young people ，usually do not have as much time to write letters as before.They communicate with each other through the electric line.They are becoming so dependent on telephones that some people say that one day phones will kill letter writing.But I don’t think it is the case.It is true that communicating by letters is not as convenient as by telephone.However ，letter writing makes people think clearly.When a person writes ，he must organize his thoughts and express his ideas and feelings more logically.In addition ，letters give you a chance to read them again.Isn‘t it exciting to receive a letter from your parents or your friends?Isn’t it pleasant to red the letter again and to feel again the excitement and the pleasantness?So if you have time ，write a letter right now ，and you will certainly give your friends and your family a pleasant surprise.Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)原文精译动物的运动除了缺少剧情音乐之外，这看上去就像《大白鲨》影片中的一个场景：一条巨大的鲨鱼在水中慢慢地游着，尾巴就像钟摆一样来回地摆动。

12月四级考试模拟试卷及答案12月四级考试模拟试卷及答案12月四级考试模拟试卷及答案part i listening comprehension (20 minutes) section a directions: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked [a], [b], [c] and [d], and decide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.example: you will hear:you will read: [a] at the office. [b] in the waiting room.[c] at the airport. [d] in a restaurant.from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. this conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. therefore, [a] "at the office" is the best answer. you should choose [a] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]1. [a] the woman bought the jeans cheaper than the man\'s wife.[b] the jeans the woman bought was worth the money.[c] the man\'s wife bought two jeans for 150 yuan.[d] the man\'s wife is good at bargaining.2. [a] english husbands usually do a lot of housework.[b] english husbands are usually interesting.[c] english husbands are good at sports.[d] english husbands enjoy doing housework.3. [a] luck. [b] a restaurant. [c] a waiter\'s job. [d] looking for a job.4. [a] the man should call bill to check his schedule.[b] the woman should have left for the airport earlier.[c] the woman does not need to rush to meet bill.[d] traffic near the airport could delay the woman\'s arrival.5. [a] announce appeals for public service. [b] hold a charity concert to raise money.[c] ask the school radio station for help. [d] draw money to fund the radio station.6. [a] in a restaurant. [b] in a bank. [c] at the airport. [d] ata hotel.7. [a] she likes the native handicrafts.[b] she dislikes native art a lot.[c] she hasn\'t learned to appreciate art yet.[d] she has never bought any native art before.8. [a] it is serious. [b] it is pretended.[c] it is brief but real. [d] it only occurs when there\'s a party.9. [a] customer and waitress. [b] teacher and student.[c] boss and secretary. [d] lawyer and client.10. [a] the clerk doesn\'t like to be bothered.[b] the machine was just repaired.[c] she can teach the man how to operate the machine.[d] the man shouldn\'t make any more copies.section bdirections: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [a], [b], [c] and [d]. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.passage onequestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. [a] the advantages of an economy based on farming.[b] reason that farmers continued using river transportation.[c] the role of cotton in the united states economy.[d] improved methods of transporting farm crops.12. [a] the new technology used to build roads.[b] the ability to transport goods over land.[c] the trade in grain and cotton.[d] the linking of smaller local roads into one long road.13. [a] they reduced charges for transporting farm products.[b] they required payment from vehicles that used their roads.[c] they made repairs to older roads.[d] they installed streetlights on roads connecting major cities.passage twoquestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. [a] to look back to the early days of computers.[b] to explain what technical problems may occur with computers.[c] to encourage necessary investment in computers.[d] to warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.15. [a] use them for business purposes only.[b] check all their answers.[c] substitute them for basic thinking.[d] be reasonably skeptical about them.16. [a] a computer used exclusively by one company for its own problems.[b] a person\'s storage of knowledge and the ability to process the computer.[c] the most up-to-date in-house computer a company can buy.[d] a computer from the post-war era which is very reliable.17. [a] computer science courses in high schools.[b] business men and women who use pocket calculators.[c] maintenance checks on computers.[d] companies which depend exclusively on computersfor decision-making.passage threequestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. [a] how spiders gather food.[b] why spider webs are so strong.[c] how spider build their webs.[d] how new kinds of structures might be designed.19. [a] they\'re much larger than spiders.[b] they\'re quite delicate.[c] they have unusual ways of gathering food.[d] they developed a long time before spiders.20. [a] chemists.[b] architects.[c] airline pilots.[d] auto designers.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)directions: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked [a], [b], [c] and [d], you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single linethrough the centre.passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.with the prospect of coal and petroleum supplies depleted and with air pollution becoming as increasing concern, the major countries of the world are seeking alternate sources of energy. if a means to obtain energy from water, especially from the ocean, can be effected economically, it would furnish a never ending supply of energy, since 70% of the earth\'s surface is ocean and another 10% is fresh water in rivers and lakes.from the beginning of time man has used water power as a source of work waterfalls and dams but these are fresh water sources and are landlocked. the seas have contributed little or nothing in the way of power. the use of temperature variation between currents is one area of exploration. ocean water is heated by the sun near the equator and drawn by the rotation of the earth toward the poles, where it cools and drops toward the ocean floor and starts its journey back toward the equator. the differential (差别) between the two currents is 35 degrees to 45 degrees fahrenheit and to use it the scientists must find the places where they run near land and are not too far awayfrom each other. one area that meets these requirements is the caribbean sea.oceans also offer wave power, tides and the chemical propensities (倾向) of salt water as potential sources of energy. all these uses are theoretically possible. britain\'s department of energy is interested in wave power, using a string of "tear drop" devices that depend on very active wave areas and 100 feet depths. in addition to this, the british are working on a method that the japanese have already put into practical use on a small scale for powering their navigational buoys. this method is called an oscillating (震荡)water column and rides the waves with a series of cylinders having one-way air valves. wave movement produces air under pressure that has only one escape route to a turbine (涡轮) that powers a generator.21. according to the first two paragraphs, _____.[a] the use of water is a completely new concept[b] the sea has long been used as a way of power[c] water is a source of energy far more economical than any other energies[d] water, if properly handled, may present a promising solution to energy crisis22. the word "depleted" (line 1, para. 1) possibly means_______ .[a] exhausted [b] discarded [c] polluted [d] disappeared23. according to the passage, the caribbean sea is a place where _____.[a] two currents of different temperatures run near to each other and not far away from land[b] two currents of different temperatures run near to each other but far away from land[c] the ocean water is heated by the sun[d] the ocean water gets cool24. we can learn from the passage that _____.[a] as far as energy source is concerned, salt water is useless because of its chemical properties[b] the working principle of a vibrating water column is to use water as a direct power driving a generator[c] britain is pursuing a method that the japanese have already put into practice[d] britain is the most advanced country in developing new energy source25. what is the passage mainly about?[a] energy crisis.[b] water as a possible solution to energy crisis.[c] history of the use of water as a source of work energy.[d] properties of water.passage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.we have emphasized so far the significance of scarcity the limited means to satisfy human wants. because of scarcity, choices are necessary. an easy example of the problem of choice is a person\'s decision about how to allocate his or her time. as the old saying goes, there are only 24 hours in a day. if we take off 8 hours for a reasonable night\'s sleep, this leaves 16 hours to be allocated among all other possible things working at one or more jobs, watching tv, studying, playing tennis, etc. one can do with the limited available waking hours. clearly, each person must make choices about how much of their limited available time will be spent on each possible activity.when choices are made among alternatives such as those just described, it becomes plain that choosing one alternative often involves giving up another. for example, suppose you go to classes 4 hours a day and get 8 hours of sleep. you will have an additional 12 waking hours to allocate per day. suppose now that the only other activities you view as worth pursuingare watching tv and studying. if you choose to watch tv for 12 hours a day, no time will be left for studying, assuming you continue to sleep for 8 hours in each 24-hour period and do not cut classes. if you choose each day to devote 6 hours to studying, only 6 of the 12 waking hours will be available for watching tv. you must give up the opportunity of watching more hours of tv in the process of choosing to study. we can therefore say that the decision to study costs you 6 hours of tv watching.economists use the term "opportunity cost" to mean the cost of a specific choice measured in terms of the next best alternative choice. in other words, it is what the decision maker must forego in order to make the choice that is finally made. thus, in our example, the opportunity cost of studying for 6 hours was 6 hours of watching tv. we can see many other examples of opportunity costs around us. for example, governments are faced with limited budgets and therefore with limited resources that can be used to provide goods and services to citizens. if a government chooses to improve its military forces, it may well do so by allocating fewer resources for libraries or schools. the opportunity cost of a strong defense may be a reduction in the size of library holdings oreducational services.26. what is most probably the key point discussed immediately before this passage?[a] limited time. [b] making choices.[c] opportunity cost. [d] the shortage of resources.27. according to the passage, choices must be made because ______.[a] resources are abundant[b] there is too much for us to do[c] there are only 24 waking hours in a day[d] our means are limited, but our wants are unlimited28. according to the passage, economists define "opportunity cost" as "_______".[a] an opportunity given up in terms of cash[b] the cost of a better choice measured in terms of cash :[c] giving up a specific choice for the next best alternative[d] the cost of a specific choice measured in terms of any alternative choice29. in the examples cited in the passage, the opportunity cost of studying for 4 hours per day was_____.[a] 4 hours of watching tv [b] 4 hours of classes[c] 4 hours of sleep [d] 8 hours of sleep30. if a government chooses to allocate more of its resources to its military forces, there is a possibility of reduction in resources allocated for _____.[a] libraries and education [b] libraries and business firms[c] education and business firms [d] libraries, business firms and educationpassage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.going online is a favorite recreation for millions of american children. almost 10 million (14 percent) of america\'s 69 million children are online. the internet both entertains and educates children, however, there are some possible negative consequences for children who access kid-based web sites. advertising on kid-based web sites has become both a rapidly growing market for consumer companies and a concern for parents. with a click on an icon, children can link to advertisers and be granted tremendous spending power. children are an important target group for consumer companies. children under age 12 spent $ 14 billion, teenagers another $ 67 billion, and together they influenced $ 160 billion of their parents\' incomes.many critics question the appropriateness of targetingchildren in internet advertising and press to require that children be treated as a "special case" by advertisers. because children lack the analytical (分析的) abilities and judgment of adults, they may be unable to evaluate the accuracy of information they view, or understand that the information they provide to advertisers is really just data collected by an advertiser. children generally lack the ability to give consent to the release of personal information to an advertiser，an even greater problem for children when they are offered incentives (刺激) for providing personal information, or when personal information is required before they are allowed to register for various services. children may not realize that in many cases these characters provide hotlinks directly to advertising sites.the internet does present some challenges for advertisers who want to be ethical in their marketing practices. many advertisers argue that we underestimate (低估) the levels of media awareness shown by children. by the age of seven or eight most children can recognize an advertisement and know that its purpose is to sell something and are able to make judgments about the products shown in advertisements. however, this somewhat optimistic and decidedly libertarian view of children runs aground when we realize that they are(like a surprising number of adults) unable to judge accurately between entertainment and advertising. adults can fend for themselves but, as marketers, we should be explicit (明确的) about our purpose when advertising to children on the internet.31. according to the first paragraph, children as an internet market _____.[a] are becoming increasingly rational[b] are using it at an earlier and earlier age[c] has created a growing advertising market[d] are overtaking the adult market due to their spending power32. targeting children for advertising is controversial because children _____.[a] are unable to analyze and judge advertisements[b] are unable to give consent since they are too young[c] often give off information that may be dangerous to them[d] are not ready to evaluate advertisements or information requests33. many advertisers defend the targeting of children because _____.[a] no actual sales take place[b] it is up to parents to monitor their children[c] children understand what an advertisement is trying to do[d] children are provided a game in return for the information34. one reason why children are unable to resist giving personal information on the internet is that ____.[a] they feel they must follow an adult\'s orders[b] it is presented in connection with entertainment[c] they do not know that the information is going to be read by someone[d] due to their inability to distinguish an advertisement from a non-advertisement35. in the passage the author wants his marketers to understand that _____.[a] advertising to children must stop[b] a libertarian view in advertising is unethical[c] advertising to children must have a clear purpose[d] children must be treated differently when advertisingpassage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.what is the relation between the code and culture which creates it, and which it transmits to the next generation? linguists in the anthropological tradition had tried to establish links with meanings expressed lexically: eskimo words for snow , arabic words for camel and so on. yet vocabulary only reflects culture by courtesy of (蒙...提供) its internal organization as a whole; and the assertion that because \'camels\' are important to the arabs, therefore they have a lot of different words for \'them\' is a statement as much about english as about arabic. presumably nothing is more important than rice to the chinese; yet chinese has a single word for rice and it means various other things besides. chinese happens to be a type of language that favors general nouns.as the essential medium for people to organize and convey their ideas, language is no longer what it seemed to be for the traditional linguists who used to think of language as simple formal codes. it is also closely related to the context, social or anthropological, in which the communication takes place. today most linguists come to realize that language is an important component of culture. it determines not only the form in which ideas are transmitted, but also the method withwhich the content of the ideas are organized. in this perspective, language is also a communicative base on which members of a speech community form their ideas in a way that is readily comprehensible to other members of that community. it is also regarded as part of culture that is related to other fields of humanity (人类) studies.but what is merely comic (滑稽的) when applied to lexics (词汇学) becomes seriously misleading when applied to grammar. as whorf pointed 50 years ago, it is naive and dangerous to take isolated grammatical phenomena and try to relate them to features of a culture. when linguists recognized this, their response was to avoid the language/culture issue altogether, thus closing the door on an important area of research. that there is a relationship between a code and the culture that engenders (造成) it is beyond question; but it is an extremely complex and abstract one.36. the first paragraph mainly discusses _____.[a] the early history of human language[b] how important words are in the cultural issue[c] the way in which people name different things[d] the relation between language and culture on thelexical level37. according to the anthropologists, the importance of a meaning _____.[a] reflect the customs[b] is reflected by the number of words referring to it[c] is connected with next generation[d] reflect certain cultures38. the author cites the only chinese word for rice to show that _____.[a] the chinese people especially enjoy rice[b] the chinese people have a different viewpoint[c] important foods are not always named by many words[d] something culturally important may not be important in language39. from the arabic words for camel and the eskimo words for snow , we can infer that _____.[a] language may reflect living conditions[b] different languages may have the same origin[c] people enjoy different things in different cultures[d]language can be used to show people\'s versatility40. which of the following most appropriately describesthe author\'s logic of writing this passage?[a] analyze an issue and in the end draw a conclusion.[b] present and analyze an opinion and then argue against it.[c] compare two different opinions and prove one of them is right.[d] present a question, analyze it and make efforts to answer it, and in the end leave the question unanswered.part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)directions: there arc 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked [a], [b], [c] and [d]. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.41. trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can _____ our needs indefinitely.[a] sustain [b] retain [c] maintain [d] obtain42. the prime minister refused to _____ on the rumor that he had planned to resign.[a] explain [b] comment [c] remark [d] talk43. i ______ them that both the issues mentioned by my friend will be considered at the public inquiry.[a] insure [b] reserve [c] persuade [d] assure44. it is well-known that the retired workers in our country are to _____ free medical care.[a] entitled [b] granted [c] presented [d] promised45. the increase in student numbers ________ many problems for the university.[a] forces [b]presses [c] provides [d] poses46. we may have been poor, but we were always ______ dressed.[a] respectably [b] respectfully [c] politely [d] respectively47. i am not _____ with beautiful dreams, i want beautiful realities.[a] conservative [b] confident [c] content [d] generous48. care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _____ loud continuous noise.[a] associated with [b] filled with [c] subjected to [d] attached to49. people enter the organization from a(n) _____ range of social, economic, and educational backgrounds.[a] extensive [b] influential [c] diverse [dl peculiar50. the agreement is not _____, because one of the peoplewho signed it is not lawfully old enough to do so.[a] operative [b] effective [c] legal [d] valid51. after everyone was seated the chairman ______to announce his plans.[a] progressed [b] promoted [c] proceeded [d] proposed52. teacher\'s notes give practical _____ on developing reading skills, together with ideas for implementing play-reading in class.[a] notions [b] hints [c] perceptions [d] phases53. his sudden _____ greatly surprised all of us as he was always a very kind man.[a] unhappiness [b] heartiness [c] harshness [d] uprightness54. she packed her bags, then called the airport and made a(n) _____ on the last flight out of los angeles.[a] conservation [b] reservation [c] preservation[d]observation55. if you are a public figure you can\'t afford to be too _____ to criticism.[a] sensible [b] sensitive [c] rational [d] reasonable56. his spending on pleasure and luxuries is rather high in _____ to his income.[a] comparison [b] calculation [c] association [d] proportion57. i had difficulty in _____ myself from telling her what i thought of her.[a] restraining [b] retaining [c] reserving [d] restricting58. the book gives a brief ____ of the course of his research up till now.[a] outline [b] reference [c] frame [d] outlook59. many species of animals have now _____ from the face of the earth.[a] dissolved [b] vanished [c] faded [d] escaped60. within days of being appointed office manager he had ________ on the staff.[a] compelled [b] imposed [c] opposed [d] compressed61. advertising was _____ never used, even in the early 1970s when the use of search by companies was much less widespread.[a]precisely [b] progressively [c] practically [d] presumably62. i think you can take a(n) _____ language course to improve your english.[a] intermediate [b] middle [c] medium [d]mid63. the chairman of the company said that new techniques had ______ improved their production efficiency.[a] violently [b] severely [c] radically [d] extremely64. which format a participant should choose will depend upon his or her _____ stage, work situation and individual learning style.[a] employment [b] career [c] vocation [d] profession65. but there are no convincing reasons for believing that this would have a _____ effect on economic performance.[a] partial [b] preferable [c] beneficial [d] liable66. the company has just _____ its plans for the coming year, including the opening of new offices in paris.[a] revealed [b] relieved [c]revised [d] reversed67. the _____ between rich and poor is wider in the south than in the rest of the country.[a] difference [b] distinction [c] gap [d] variation68. any investigation which covers a long ____ of time is bound to encounter certain special problems.[a] rank [b] span [c] scope [d] scale69. nevertheless, the united states maintained its military _____ in some african and western asian countries despite international protest. :[a] attachment [b] involvement [c] interaction [d] communication70. bachelor\'s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries _____ from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement.[a] altering [b] ranging [c] differing [d] separatingpart iv cloze (15 minutes)directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are four choices marked [a] ,[b] ,[c] and [d] on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.part v writing (30 minutes) directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic a congratulation let ter to a friend. you should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in chinese:1.祝贺你的朋友成功考上大学;2.比较中学与大学在学习、生活等方面的不同;3.就如何成功适应大学生活提出你的几点建议(例如:自主学习能力、独立生活能力、与人沟通交往能力和化解压力的方法等.) 听力:cbccd dcadc bcabd bacbc阅读:b bcd c a b d a a a d c c c a c d b a词汇bcdbb cabdd bcdda cddcb bbcbb cddac改错s1. 删掉if s2. seating 改成seated s3.after改成before s4. men改成womens5.focusing改成focus s6. what改成that s7. like改成as s8. through改成bys9. so改成too s10. with改成upon12月四级考试模拟试卷及答案相关内容:。

第12届英语四六级模拟考试答案第12届英语四六级模拟考试答案四级Part 1 WritingAs is shown by the percentage in the chart, college students' book list has changed a lot. The number of the students reading the books about philosophy and society has been on the diminish from 1991 to 2011. On the contrary, more and more students would like to choose the books about foreign language and computer science. From the statistical data in the chart, it goes without saying that students pay more attention on language and science than before.There are at least two reasons accounting for this phenomenon. On the one hand, with the development of the society, science plays a more important role. As a student, most of us are willing to contribute to science to make our country stronger. On the other hand, the phenomenon that more students would rather choose foreign language than novels is due to the fact that communicating with others becomes more convenient. And the ability of communication influences one's work and life in some way. Maybe there are some other reasons, But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly convincing.As for me, I major in medical science. So most of the books I buy are about medical science. And I'm also interested in literature and music, I buy some books about these as usual. I hold the point of view that students should try to develop ourselves in all field.1~~5 BCADD 6~~10 BACDC 11~~15 ABBCA 16~~20DADDC21~~25 BACAB26._______melts__________ 31.____essential__________________27.______at risk___________ 32.____feed on_________________28.______survive__________ 33.___wipe out_________________29.______relatives_________ 34.______regulate________________30.______environmentally___ 35._____predict_________________36~~45 L C I A K E O F J G46~~55 B F D H A I C I H G56~~60 ABCDA 61~~65 DABCBPart IV TranslationChinese opera is a combination of Chinese drama and musical theatre, which roots back as far as the third century. There are numerous regional branches of Chinese Opera, of which the Beijing Opera (Jingju) is one of the most notable. The Beijing Opera arose in the late 18th century and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. It was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has been regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Masks are used in Chinese opera. Each color of the mask has a different meaning, portraying a character’s role and illustrating their emotional state and general character.。

2012年大学英语六级考试模拟试题及答案解析（完整版）Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students on the Job Market. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.当今大学生面临着严重的就业压力2.这一现象的产生有多方面的原因3.解决的办法College Students on the Job Market_____________________________________________________________________________ Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是关于对某种社会现象的讨论，探讨其原因，并提供解决问题的方案。

毕业生就业压力大，是目前比较热门的话题，媒体、社会以及学生本人都会时不时的讨论，所以文章难度不是很大。

文章开篇提出就业压力大的问题，毕业生越来越多，而就业市场却保持稳定，两者之间的不平衡，导致毕业生面临越来越大的就业压力。

第二段讨论出现这种问题的原因。

第一方面，从宏观上来看，整个世界的经济危机影响了就业市场;第二方面，从学校招生来看，热门专业人数过多，结果供过于求，而冷门专业学生很少，结果供不应求。

第三段针对第二段的原因，探讨相应的解决方案。

从政府的角度出发，要尽可能的采取各种手段帮助经济恢复，帮助学生就业;从个人角度出发，要学会自主选择，不追潮流，学习自己感兴趣的，努力提高自身素质，增强竞争能力。

【参考范文】More and more graduates are going out of universities and entering into the society every year while the demand on the job market remains stable. The college students are facing greater and greater pressure in job-hunting.There are many reasons behind the current phenomenon. To begin with, the economy has been confronted with depression in recent years on a global level, and it takes time for the worldwide economy to recover. What's more, there is an element of irrationality in the enrollment of the campuses. Some hot majors have enrolled too many students, and many people compete for one position after graduation, whereas the majors with little attention have few students, and more graduates are needed than the campus can supply.The solution to this problem lies with both the government as a whole and the individual in specific. The government takes whatever measures possible to help the economy recover and to create more job opportunities for the applicants. And for the individual students, it is better to study what they are interested in and to gain experience through practice, thus better prepared for the society.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will Electronic Medical Records Improve Health Care?Electronic health records (EHRs) have received a lot of attention since the Obama administration committed $19 billion in stimulus funds earlier this year to encourage hospitals and health care facilities to digitize patient data and make better use of information technology. The healthcare industry as a whole, however, has been slow to adopt information technology and integrate computer systems, raising the question of whether the push to digitize will result in information that empowers doctors to make better-informed decisions or a morass of disconnected data.The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) knows firsthand how difficult it is to achieve the former, and how easily an EHR plan can fall into the latter. UPMC has spent five years and more than $1 billion on information technology systems to get ahead of the EHR issue. While that is more than five times as much as recent estimates say it should cost a hospital system, UPMC is a mammoth network consisting of 20 hospitals as well as 400 doctors' offices, outpatient sites and long-term care facilities employing about 50,000 people.UPMC's early attempts to create a universal EHR system, such as its ambulatory electronic medical records rolled out between 2000 and 2005, were met with resistance as doctors, staff and other users either avoided using the new technology altogether or clung to individual, disconnected software and systems that UPMC's IT department had implemented over the years.On the mendAlthough UPMC began digitizing some of its records in 1996, the turning point in its efforts came in 2004 with the rollout of its eRecord system across the entire health care network. eRecord now contains more than 3.6 million electronic patient records, including images and CT scans, clinical laboratory information, radiology data, and a picture archival and communication system that digitizes images and makes them available on PCs. The EHR system has 29,000 users, including more than 5,000 physicians employed by or affiliated with UPMC.If UPMC makes EHR systems look easy, don't be fooled, cautions UPMC chief medical information officer Dan Martich, who says the health care network's IT systems require a "huge, ongoing effort" to ensure that those systems can communicate with one another. One of the main reasons is that UPMC, like many other health care organizations, uses a number of different vendors for its medical and IT systems, leaving the integration largely up to the IT staff.Since doctors typically do not want to change the way they work for the sake of a computer system, the success of an EHR program is dictated not only by the presence of the technology but also by how well the doctors are trained on, and use, the technology. Physicians need to see the benefits of using EHR systems both persistently and consistently, says Louis Baverso, chief information officer at UPMC's Magee-Women's Hospital. But these benefits might not be obvious at first, he says, adding, "What doctors see in the beginning is that they're losing their ability to work with paper documents, which has been so valuable to them up untilnow."Opportunities and costsGiven the lack of EHR adoption throughout the health care world, there are a lot of opportunities to get this right (or wrong). Less than 10 percent of U.S. hospitals have adopted electronic medical records even in the most basic way, according to a study authored by Ashish Jha, associate professor of health policy and management at Harvard School of Public Health. Only 1.5 percent have adopted a comprehensive system of electronic records that includes physicians' notes and orders and decision support systems that alert doctors of potential drug interactions or other problems that might result from their intended orders.Cost is the primary factor stalling EHR systems, followed by resistance from physicians unwilling to adopt new technologies and a lack of staff with adequate IT expertise, according to Jha. He indicated that a hospital could spend from $20 million to $200 million to implement an electronic record system over several years, depending on the size of the hospital. A typical doctor's office would cost an estimated $50,000 to outfit with an EHR system.The upside of EHR systems is more difficult to quantify. Although some estimates say that hospitals and doctor's offices could save as much as $100 million annually by moving to EHRs, the mere act of implementing the technology guarantees neither cost savings nor improvements in care, Jha said during a Harvard School of Public Health community forum on September 17. Another Harvard study of hospital computerization likewise determined that cutting costs and improving care through health IT as it exists today is "wishful thinking". This study was led by David Himmelstein, associate professor at Harvard Medical School.The cost of getting it wrongThe difference between the projected cost savings and the reality of the situation stems from the fact that the EHR technologies implemented to date have not been designed to save money or improve patient care, says Leonard D'Avolio, associate center director of Biomedical Informatics at the Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC). Instead, EHRs are used to document individual patients' conditions, pass this information among clinicians treating those patients, justify financial reimbursement and serve as the legal records of events.This is because, if a health care facility has $1 million to spend, its managers are more likely to spend it on an expensive piece of lab equipment than on information technology, D'Avolio says, adding that the investment on lab equipment can be made up by charging patients access to it as a billable service. This is not the case for IT. Also, computers and networks used throughout hospitals and health care facilities are disconnected and often manufactured by different vendors without a standardized way of communicating. "Medical data is difficult to standardize because caring for patients is a complex process," he says. "We need to find some way of reaching across not just departments but entire hospitals. If you can't measure something, you can't improve it, and without access to this data, you can't measure it."To qualify for a piece of the $19 billion being offered through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), healthcare facilities will have to justify the significance of their IT investments to ensure they are "meaningful users" of EHRs. The Department of Health and Human Services has yet to define what it considers meaningful useAggregating info to create knowledgeIdeally, in addition to providing doctors with basic information about their patients, databases of vital signs, images, laboratory values, medications, diseases, interventions, and patient demographic information could be mined for new knowledge, D'Avolio says. "With just a few of these databases networked together, the power to improve health care increases exponentially," D'Avolio suggested. "All that is missing is the collective realization that better health care requires access to better information—not automation of the status quo." Down the road, the addition of genomic information, environmental factors and family history to these databases will enable clinicians to begin to realize the potential of personalized medicine, he added.1. In America, it is slow to adopt information technology because —————.A) the funds invested by the government is not enough in the pastB) EHRs have received less attention of the public in the pastC) whether it will be useful to doctors or not is doubtfulD) UPMC knows how difficult it is to digitize the hospital2. The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) —————.A) is the first medical center to adopt information technologyB) satisfy the requirement of the government on information technologyC) spent less money on information technology than it was estimatedD) attempted to created a universal EHR system, but met some difficulties3. The health care network’s IT systems require a lot of effort to ensure it can communicate with one another mainly because —————..A) the integration among different system is largely up to the IT staffB) UPMC is like many other health care organizations in the United StatesC) UPMC makes EHR systems look easyD) UMPC began digitizing some of its records in 19964. The success of the EHR program is decided by —————..A) the fact whether the information technology is available or notB) the fact how well the doctors are trained to use the information technologyC) not only the presence of the technology but the doctor’s training on technologyD) the fact whether physicians can see the benefits of using EHR systems5. The most important reason of most hospitals being reluctant to adopt EHR system is that —————.A) the cost is too high for the hospital to affordB) physicians are unwilling to adopt itC) there is a lack of staff with adequate IT expertiseD) doctor worry about its negative influence on patients6. According to the study led by David Himmelstein through health IT —————.A) it is possible to cut the costs of the hospitalB) it is possible to improve the health careC) it ensure neither cost saving nor improvement in careD) it could save as much as $100 million annually7. The hospital’s managers prefer to —————.A) spend money on an expensive piece of equipment than on information technologyB) charge patients access to the information technology as a billable serviceC) purchase the information technology to improve the health care of the hospitalD) invest more money on the training of the physicians to charge patients more money8. Jha said the mere act of implementing the technology guarantees ______________________.9. D'Avolio says the investment on lab equipment can be made up by_____________________.10. Databases of vital signs, images, laboratory values, medications, diseases, interventions, and patient demographic information could be ____________________. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)原文精译【1】给自己的事业买最好的保险消防队无意之中淹没了Mad Gab's的总部，Mad Gab's是Gabrielle Melchionda二十多年前建立的美容公司。

2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（1）Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a second,if they were controlled by clock.The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from avery small body―no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Was that why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star?There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was not given to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of them are very like the first one.Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousandtons.Their light―if they give much light―is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.21. The radio signals discussed in thispassage____.A.were regularB.were controlled by a clockC.were heard in 1967 onlyD.were secret messages22. The radio singals were sent by____.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a sky body which was unknown at that timeD.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.A.the singals stood for secret messagesB.people would ask them too many questionsC.they did not want to frighten peopleD.they stood for unimportant messages24. A pulsar is____.A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenB. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenC. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenD. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen25. Which of the following is true?A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967.rn life and ancient life.27. “one out of seven” refers to____.A.more than a third of the lands' earthB.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-likeC.the number of people who live in dry regionsD.a day of a week28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”They refers to____.A.the Sahel farm landB.the farmersC.the cattlesD.the trees29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?A.Five.B.Two.C.Four.D.Three.30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.D.New water wells can solve the problem inAfrica's desert.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate with each other. Because of these devices, ideas and news of events spread quickly all over the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of an election in another country. An international football match comes into the homes of everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is onthe way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, or fight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During thesesix weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.31. News spreads fast because of____.A.modern transportationB.new technologyC.the change of the worldD.a peace agreement32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.A.fast communicationB.modern technologytest newsD.new ideas33. Which of the following statements is true?A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.B.The world is actually smaller today.C.The world is changing its size.D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 181234. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.A.by telephone and telegraphB.by landC.by airD.by sea35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.A.by both sidesB.in timeC.in AmericaD.in EnglandQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of heal threlated behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of thistext to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personalchoice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.[ZZ(Z]They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attemptingsuicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because____.A.personal health choices help cure most illnessesB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could head to poor health37. To “live a completely sedentary lifestyle”(Para. 1) in the passage means____.”A.to live an inactive lifeB.to live a decent lifeC.to live a life with complete freedomD.to live a life of vice38. Sound personal health choice is oftendifficult to make because____.A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for longevityD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends39. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to____.A.improving the quality of one's lifeB.limiting one's personal health choiceC.deliberately ending one's lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on____.A.personal decisionsws of societyC.statistical evidenceD.opinions of friendsPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. ____he thought of it,the stars seemed always large and clear before the dawn of Christmas Day.A.As forB.Now thatC.BecauseD.As soon as42. A thought____him like a silver dagger.A.beatB.hitC.struckD.pondered43. I'll____this afternoon.A.get the radio fixedB.get the radio to be fixedC.get the radio being fixedD.get the radio fixing44. Who is____personnel at present?A.in the charge ofB.under charge ofC.under the charge ofD.in charge of45. Tell him to turn down the TV.It's____my nerves.A.get overB.get inC.get crazy withD.get on46. The family decided to raise two cows and five sheep____the chickens,ducks and rabbits.A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.except for47. I woke up,____that he had gone.A.only findingB.only having foundC.only to findD.only to have found48. The project____by the time you come to China again.A.will be completedB.will have been completedC.is to be completedD.is going to be completed49. In the course of the work,we____lots of difficulties.A.met withB.sawC.got intoD.came across50. ____his accent,he must be from the south.A.Judged byB.Being judged fromC.Judging fromD.Being judged by51. The boy____his father.A.was accused of having killedB.was accused to have killedC.was accused of killingD.was accused to kill52. Missing the train means____for an hour.A.waitingB.to waitC.to be waitingD.have to wait53. Something extraordinary happened in that hospital.A man,who was declaredclinically dead,suddenly____.A.returned to lifeB.restored to lifeC.came to lifeD.survived54. They are glad to see the children____in the day care center.A.well taken careB.being well taken care ofC.well looked afterD.being well looked after55. She is a woman of rare gifts.Her performance last night was indeed very____.A.impressedB.impressiveC.impressingD.impression56. The road being built was scheduledto____traffic on May Day.A.be close toB.be closed toC.be open toD.be opened to57. It was more than fifteen years ago____I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz.A.whenB.thatC.in whichD.since58. ____than it began raining.A.Hardly had he reached homeB.Hardly did he reach homeC.No sooner did he reach homeD.No sooner had he reached home59. The man's life____if he had been sent to a better hospital.A.might have been savedB.may have been savedC.was to be savedD.should be saved60. Everybody looked____the direction of the explosion.A.toB.fromC.inD.into61. This is a____young writer.He has published quite a few good stories inrecent years.A.promisedB.looking forwardC.promisingD.clever62. The doctor insists that the patient____.A.must be operatedB.should be operatedC.be operated onD.needs operating on63. It sounds as if the telephone____.A.were ringingB.was ringing.C.has being ringingD.is ringing64. The family looked on helplessly as their house____.A.burning downB.was burned downC.was burning downD.burned down65. What is the____language in India?A.officeB.officialC.officiallyD.officer66. He____twenty times,striking a match each time to look at his old watch.A.had wakedB.was awakeC.must have wakedD.was waken67. There he bought____chocolate for his daughter,and then he had____beers in the bar not far from the school.A.a bar of...a couple ofB.a piece of...a bottle ofC.a dozen of...a couple ofD.a cubic of...a tin of68. With his big fleshy nose he____his grandpa.A.looks likeB.takes afterC.looks afterD.resembles69. The ____majority were in support of this bill so it was passed without much difficulty.A.overflowingB.overtakingC.overloadingD.overwhelming70. The actress____the terms of her contract and was sued by the producer.A.isolatedB.signedC.implementedD.violatedPart Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)Directions:In this part,there are five items which you should translate into Chinese,each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Three of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.71.(Passage 1 Para.1)They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.72. (Passage 2 Para.1)Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.73. (Passage 3 Para.1)Because of modern technology like the satellite that travel around theworld,information travels fast.74. (Passage 4 Para.1)We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.75. (Passage 4 Para.1)They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.答案1短文大意1967年人类收到了一些太空信号。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）由于网速及文件过大等原因，加载较慢，请耐心等待！（点击按钮播放）11. A) He enjoys reading letters.B) He has been job-hunting.C) He is offering a job.D) He is working for a factory.12. A) She envies Sam's relationship withhis mother.B) She gets along extremely well with herson.C) She doesn't know Sam or hismother.D) Her son is the same age as Sam.13. A) It is too expensive and the diningroom is below expectation.B) The dining room is OK but the livingroom is too small.C) The living room should be a littlebigger.D) The dining room should be a littlesmaller.14. A) She thinks she's very organized.B) She doesn't want to join the display.C) She doesn't think she should lead thestudy group.D) She knows someone who can lead the studygroup.15. A) She ought to buy her own copymachine.B) She needs to buy a package of paper.C) She has already used enough,paper.D) She should have someone copy for her.16. A) They both enjoyed watching the gametogether.B) They both felt good about the results ofthe game.C) People were surprised at their winningthe game.D) The results were beyond the woman'sexpectation.17. A) A check account.B) A loan from the bank.C) An insurance claim.D) An income tax return.15. A) She holds the same view with theman.B) The man missed the last study session.C) She didn't understand the last chemistryclass.D) The man should be more serious about hisstudies.Questions 19 to 22 are based on theconversation you have just heard.19. A) He often goes on exploringexpeditions.B) He is a racing driver for many years.C) He likes to join in extremesports.D) He often drives fast during the night.20. A) During the British Grand Prix.B) During the Mexican Grand Prix.C) On his way to the studio.D) During his last race.21. A) Several drivers were killed in theaccident.B) There was a multiple motor vehiclecollision.C) His car ran into the car in front ofhim.D) His car was damaged but he wasn't hurt.22. A) There were too many cars.B) He saw a traffic accident.C) lie hit a car in front of him.D) His car suddenly flamed out.Questions 23 to 25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.23. A) Outdoor hobbies.B) Indoor hobbies.C) Money-saving hobbies.D) Time-consuming hobbies.24. A) She learned it when she was a smallchild.B) She started it when she was a student.C) She didn't learn it until she leftschool.D) She started it after she was married.25. A) By attending special courses.B) With the help of her friends.C) By reading books on hobbies.D) Under the guidance of her mother.Passage One26. A) They travel faster near the TVstation.B) They can work better than ever before.C) They usually follow the curve of theearth.D) They travel in straight lines in alldirections.27. A) Pay a monthly charge.B) Pay a yearly charge.C) Pay a daily charge.D) Pay an hourly charge.28. A) All classrooms use cabletelevision.B) City people can see extra programs.C) The charge of cable is muchlowered.D) TV signals can be received more easily. Passage Two29. A) He had no pension.B) He had a great car.C) He was right at the age of 56.D) He owned a recipe for chicken.30. A) Ask his friends to sell FriedChicken.B) Work as a cook in a famous restaurant.C) Sell his chicken recipe to restaurantowners.D) Study hard to work out a chicken recipe.31. A) 65.B) 105.C) 1008.D) 1009. Passage Three32. A) Collectivism.B) Equality.C Social group.D) Individualism.33. A) Equal rights and equalfreedom.B Equal worth and equal opportunity.C) Equal opportunity and equal pay.D) Equal worth and equal status.34. A) Protesting their unequaltreatment.B Enduring all the hardshipswillingly.C) Fulfilling their dreams through hardwork.D) Learning how to get freedom andequality.35. A) People can easily fight with eachother.B Conflicts with others becomeinevitable.C) Americans are too concerned about theirstatus.D) One's freedom can conflict with others'rights.“成千上万人疯狂下载。

2012年12月英语六级试题答案(完整版)Part ⅠWritingMy View on University RankingIn recent years, all kinds of University Ranking Lists can be found on some educational websites, or newspapers. The ranking standards also vary. These lists have great influence on students. They are even becoming the only scale to evaluate the colleges and universities.People hold different views toward this phenomenon. Some believe that these lists help the students a lot, especially for those who will choose their university. While some other protest vigorously. In their points, the list is really ridiculous and harmful. In my view, the university ranking may have its own reference values, but its disadvantages overweigh its values.For those university-students-to-be, they are supposed to choose the school according to his or her own situation, but not the so-called Ranking List. What’s more, how about the university students? How do they feel about themselves when they see the ranking? The list may become some intangible shackles for them if their own school ranks poorly.In a nutshell, there is no easy method to rank these universities, but the Ranking, only helps students ignore the essentials, namely, their ninety-nine percent perspiration.此次六级作文的自由度很大，看似给出了提纲，实际上具体的观点全靠个人发挥。

xx年12月英语六级cet6模拟试题及答案就要来临了，各位同学复习得怎样了呢?为了帮助大家高效备考，下面是网提供应大家关于英语六级cet6模拟试题及答案，希望对同学们的备考有所帮助。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a position on the topic The Popularity of Adventure Activities. You should write at least 150 words, and base your position on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1)蹦极、攀岩等冒险活动受到很多人的欢送，尤其是年轻人群2)有人认为这些活动很危险，应该被限制或制止;有人却认为这种活动给人们带来很多新鲜的感觉，因此应该鼓励3)你怎么看?说明你的理由【思路点拨】此题属于提纲式文字命题。

提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点提出了对该现象的两种对立观点，提纲第3点要求说明“我”的立场，由此可判断本文应为比照选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述诸如蹦极、攀岩等冒险活动的流行，引出对其的争议：应不应该限制或制止;说明“我”对冒险活动的看法，并说明理由。

Nowadays, there are more and more adventure activities, like bungee jumping and rocking, which enjoy great popularity, especially among the youth. Some people think these activities are of high risk and should be constrained or even be forbidden, while others insist these activitiesbring people fresh experience and should be encouraged. As for me, I agree with the latter opinion.The following reasons can support my view. Firstly, attending adventure activities is a fashionable andefficient means to temper people’s courage and willpower, which is scarcely seen among modern young people. Secondly, people in modern society are facing great pressure. Taking adventure activities has been proved to be an veryeffective channel to alleviate the pressure of working and life. Finally, from the economic point of view, it’s a new economic growth point which will surely attract a lot of people to take part in.From the foregoing, we can safely draw a conclusionthat adventure activities bring us many rewarding enjoyments and we should try to ensure its sound development. But it is worth noting that adventureactivities are not suitable to everyone. These activities require good health condition. Therefore, people should take full aount before taking any adventure activity.With its mon interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, shoot of the traditional novel.The detective story is probably the most respectable(at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Its creation is often the relaxation of university dons, literary economists, scientists or even poets. Fatalities may our more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates. Astory set in a more remote environment, African jungle, or Australian bush, ancient China or gaslit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background. The elaborate, carefully-assembled plot, despised by the modem intellectual critics andcreators of significant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriatesolutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from Real Life, nagging gently, we secretly revelin the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human sleuth(侦探), who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less fortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels, car crashesand escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who suffers from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover,can still chase and overpower an armed villain With the physique of wrestler. He moves dangerously through a worldof ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost aidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of beingsafely led by our calm investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation (解释) of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail.All that we vainly hope for from life is grantedvicariously(间接地).57. The crime novel may be regarded as[A] not a tree novel at all [B] an independent development of the novel[C] related in some ways to the historical novel [D] a quite respectable form of the conventional novel58. The passage suggests that intellectuals write detective stories because[ A] they enjoy writing these stories [ B ] the stories are often in fact very instructive[ C ] detective stories are an aepted branch of literature [ D ] the creation of these stories demands considerable intelligence59. What feature of the detective story is said to disqualify it from respectful consideration by intellectual critics?[ A ] The fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleared.[ B ] The lack of interest in genuine character revelations.[ C ] The existence of a neat closely-knit story. [ D ] The many seemingly impossible events.60. One of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is[A]his exciting life [B] his amazing toughness[C] the way he deals with enemies [D] his ability to escape from dangerous situations61. In what way are the detective story and thethriller unlike?[A] In introducing violence. [B]In providing excitement and suspense.[C]In ensuring that everything es right in the end.[D]In appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader答案BACBD。

是个卡dsv请考生拿到试卷后做好听力考试的试音准备。

Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension （共20分，1-15题每题1分，16-19题每题0.5分，20-21每题1.5分）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the several choices, and decide which the best answer is.注意：此部分试题请在答题卷上作答，在此作答无成绩。

1. A) The man should try to be more understanding.B) The man’s wife should be more understanding.C) The man’s negative attitude may be derived from his childhood.D) The pessimism of man’s wife may be the result of her past experiences.2. A) A snowstorm. B) An earthquake. C) A traffic accident. D) A hurricane.3. A) The two speakers are classmates.B) The man is majoring in elementary education.C) The woman is majoring in elementary education.D) The two speakers got to know each other in a class.4. A) She’s got a stomachache. B) She feels perfectly fine.C) She’s going to get married. D) She’s going to have a baby.5. A) It is the best city he’s ever visited. B) It was worse than he had expected.C) It is difficult to get around in the city. D) The hotelservice is terrible in the city.6. A) To encourage them. B) To stop them immediately.C) To give some explanation. D) To leave them alone.7. A) Unemployment. B) Family breakup. C) Mental problems. D) Drinking.8. A) The woman is the man’s boss.B) The man is the woman’s husband.C) The woman is the headmaster of a school.D) The woman wants to know something about a student.9. A) They are attending a concert. B) They are negotiating about a price.C) They are planning to go for a date. D) They are buying something for their firm.10. A) The man is a football fan. B) The man needs the woman’s help.C) The man didn’t watch TV last night. D) The man often has power failure at home.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear 5 questions. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.注意：此部分试题请在答题卷上作答，在此作答无成绩。

2021.12四级预测试卷(第一套)试题及答案解析四级预测试卷（第一套）试题及答案解析1四级预测试卷（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow. You should start your essay with a brief account of parents’ trying to meet all the demands from their children and then explain the harm by doing so. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each四级预测试卷（第一套）试题及答案解析2conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) It’s tedious. B) It’s absurd.2. A) Jazz.3. A) She was afraid of the professor.B) She lost her key and couldn’t enter her house. C) She didn’t makefull preparations for her lessons. D) She was blamed by the professor for her carelessness.4. A) She is a little tired.5. A) Not to wait for him.6. A) Two.7. A) He is a rather tedious person. B) He has just left the hospital.8. A) The train is late. B) The train is empty.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9. A) Get a traveler’s check.B) Draw a large amount of money.10. A) Daily expenses. C) Holidays and travel expenses. B) Big expenses.D) Education fee.C) Ask the man for financial advice. D) Open some bank accounts.C) The train is crowded.D) The train is on time.C) He doesn’t have a healthy diet. D) He is a better cook than the woman.B) Four. C) Eight. D) Twelve.C) To get her report back. D) Not to fetch the raincoat.B) To clean up her room.C) She wants to listen to the music. D) She is going to make a reservation.B) She is going to study in the library.C) Classical music. D) Country music.B) Rock and roll.C) It’s justifiable. D) It’s understandable.四级预测试卷（第一套）试题及答案解析11. A) Her ID card and passport. B) Her personal references.12. A) A salesman. C) A bank clerk. B) A real estate agent.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 13.A) A recording artist. B) A French teacher.14. A) It needs more French lesson tapes. B) It needs to have its controls repaired. C) It is different from all the other laboratories. D) It can be operated rather easily.15. A) Change her class schedule.C) Organise tapes on the shelves. D) Work on the French lessons.B) Fill out a job application form.C) A student.D) A teaching assistant. D) A consultant.C) Her social security number. D) Her cover letter.3Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) She had run a long way.B) She felt hot in the subway.17. A) By lifting her to the platform.B) By helping her rise to her feet.18. A) When the train was leaving.B) After she was back on the platform. C) After the police and fire officials came.D) When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.C) By pulling her along the ground. D) By dragging her away from the edge.C) She had done a lot of work.D) She had donated blood the night before.四级预测试卷（第一套）试题及答案解析19. A) They would miss their train.C) She was sure Lisa was hard to lift. D) She was afraid the train would kill him.B) He didn’t see the train coming.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 20. A) In Suva.B) In Sydney.21. A) Its comfortable hotels.22. A) They invented “Fiji time” for visitors.B) They stick to a traditional way of life. C) They like to travel from place to place. D) They love taking adventures abroad.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 23. A) Staying on the farm.24. A) He is very old now.B) He is in good health.25. A) Describe his life in the countryside.B) Persuade people to live in the city.C) Show an interest in the outside world. D) Express his opinions about way of life.C) He lives in the city now. D) He prefers driving a car.C) Moving to the countryside. D) Running away from the school.C) Its exciting football matches. D) Its religious beliefs.B) Its good weather all year round.C) On the island of Vatoa. D) On the island of Viti Levu.4B) Leaving home for the city.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, youshould listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Thirty years ago, anyone blaming loneliness for physical illness would have been laughed at. But as scientists四级预测试卷（第一套）试题及答案解析5studied different populations, loneliness kept emerging as a risk factor. In one study, California researchers 26. ________ 4, 700 residents of Alameda County for ten years, starting in 1965. At first, the participants reported their key sources of companionship and estimated the time they 27. ________ each other. During the study, the people who reported the least social 28.________ died at nearly three times the rate of those reporting the most. The source of companionship didn’t matter, but time spe nt with others was 29.________. Since then, researchers have studied men, women, soldiers, and students from countries all over the world. And the same pattern keeps 30.________. Women who say they feel isolated go on to die of cancer at several times th e 31. ________ rate. College students who report “strained and cold” relationships with their parents suffer 32. ________ rates of hypertension (高血压) and heart disease decades later. Heart-attack survivors who happen to live by themselves die at twice the rate of those who live with others. For those of us who are still healthy, the lesson should be obvious. It’s clear that 33. ________ others can help our bodies thrive. It’s equally clear that we’re growing more isolated. In 1900, only 5% of US households 34. ________ one person living alone. The 35. ________ reached 13% in 1960, and it stands at 25% today.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Managers need to find ways to give their employees a lift to improve their morale (士气). That’s where team-building exercises and other spiritual encouragement can come into 36 . The theory is that a trust-building game, a wilderness adventure, a cooking class or even full-contact chocolate bingo (宾果游戏) ― yes, it exists ― will help 37 teamwork, bring cheer and thus encourage everyone to work harder and better together.Yes, promoting teamwork is 38 . Getting everyone together for a shared activity can improve team spirit. But, too often, formal team-building programs 39 only minor, short-lived improvements in encouragement or performance.Still, employers do need to support teamwork, 40 in bad climate. The 41 news is that what works is often fairly simple and inexpensive. The key to improving morale, several experts said, is understanding what 42 to your workers.Curbing executive perks (津贴) and salaries can also go a long way toward building morale, according to Professor Kets de Vries. It is 43 unlikely that workers of car factories got much of a lift watching their industry’s top executives take private jets to Washington in November to ask forfinancial aid. “If you get paid 500 times what the 44 worker is paid,that is ridiculous,” Professor Kets de Vries said. “Don’t be 45 . Great organizations are team-based.”感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。