Individual Learner Differences

- 1 - 王蔷的英语教学法教程的简介

本教程将介绍王蔷老师在英语教学方面的独特方法和经验。王蔷老师是一名富有经验的英语教师，她在长期的教学实践中总结出了许多适用于不同年龄段和不同英语水平的学生的教学方法。

教程将涵盖以下内容：

1. 王蔷老师的教学理念：了解学生的需求、关注学生的情感体验、激发学生的学习兴趣和主动性。

2. 教学方法：包括多媒体教学、情景教学、游戏教学、角色扮演教学等，这些方法丰富了教学手段，增加了学生的学习乐趣和效果。

3. 课程设计：王蔷老师注重将英语教学与实际生活相结合，让学生在学习中更容易理解和掌握知识。本教程将提供一些具体的课程设计案例，帮助教师更好地设计英语课程。

4. 教学评估：王蔷老师认为教学评估是教学过程中必不可少的一环，教师需要通过评估了解学生的学习状况和反馈信息，及时调整教学策略。

本教程旨在向广大英语教师介绍王蔷老师的教学经验和方法，帮助教师更好地提高自己的教学水平，提升学生的英语学习效果。

Unit 1 Language and Learning

1. Language:” Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human

communication.”

5. The language learning theory underlying an approach or method usually answers

two questions:

1) What are the psycholinguistic and cognitive processes involved in language learning?

2) What are the conditions that need to be met in order for these learning processes to be

activated?

6.1) Process-oriented theories are concerned with how the mind processes new

information, such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesis testing and

generalization.

2) Condition-oriented theories emphasize the nature of the human and physical context

in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, what kind of

input learners receive, and the learning atmosphere.

名次解释

Bilingualism: refers to a linguistic situation in which two standard languages are used side by side

with each having a different role to play; and language switching occurs when the situation

changes. This constitutes the situation of Bilingualism

Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning.

The approach is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning

components, called semantic features. For example Man: [+HUMAN, +ADULT, +ANIMATE]

Context is a basic concept in the study of pragmatics. It is generally considered as constituted

knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer. It determines the speaker’s use of language and

also the hearer’s interpretation of what is said to him.

Creole: when pidgin has become the primary language of a speech community, and is acquired by

★1. SLA (Second language acquisition) is the process by which a

language other than the mother tongue is learnt in a natural setting

or in a classroom.

★2. Acquisition vs. Learning (Krashen1982)

????? Acquisition????? Learning

implicit, subconscious explicit, conscious

informal situations ?formal situations

uses grammatical 'feel' uses grammatical rules

depends on attitude depends on aptitude

stable order of acquisition simple to complex order of

learning

Acquisition refers to the learning of a language unconsciously under

natural settings where learners pay attention only to the meanings

or contents rather than forms or grammars.

Learning refers to the learning of a language consciously under

educational settings where learners mainly pay attention to forms or

grammars.

3. Factors affecting SLA

Social factors (external factors)