必修四 unit3 Grammar

Section_ⅢGrammar—现在分词作状语语法图解探究发现①... I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.②I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.③She stepped back appearing surprised ...④Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.⑤When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door ...⑥Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving away.⑦The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished.⑧Hearing the news, they jumped for joy.⑨Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer.[我的发现](1)黑体部分在句中作伴随状语的是①②③④⑤；作时间状语的是⑥；作结果状语的是⑦；作原因状语的是⑧⑨。

(2)比较句⑧和⑨可知：句⑧中动词-ing形式短语为一般式，表示动作与谓语动词同时发生；句⑨中动词-ing形式短语为完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。

(3)观察句①～⑨可知现在分词的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。

一、现在分词作状语的用法现在分词(短语)在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。

SectionⅢGrammar课后篇巩固提升一、用动词-ing形式完成句子1.When I heard the good news,I could feel my heart (狂跳).2.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with(剩下的20美元).3.The headmaster caught a student (在考试中作弊) when he passed by the classroom.4.He was such (一个令人失望的学生) that he didn’t pass the simple test.So his parents were disappointed.5.The owner was too excited to speak when the (丢失的钱包) was returned.二、单句填空1.There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.2.The girl saw the thief (steal) her friend’s cellphone.3.The flowers(smell)sweet in the botanic garden attract visitors to admire the beauty of nature.4.It was so cold that they had the fire (burn) all night long.5.My hobbies are (read),(listen) to music and so on.6.He promised that he wouldn’t be caught (do) that again.7.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door (read) “Sorry to miss you and I will call later.”8.The words from the naughty student during class set others (laugh).9.The camera is out of order,so I’ll have it (repair).10.—What do you think of the story I told you just now?—It sounds (interest).I like it very much.11.The teacher went into the classroom,(leave) the boy (stand) outside.12.The next thing he saw was smoke (rise) from behind the house.13.Look over there — there’s a very long,winding path (lead) up to the house.14.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.15.Listen!Do you hear someone (call) for help?三、阅读理解AYou have probably heard the saying,“When life gives you lemons,make lemonade.” Since lemons are considered bitter and lemonade is considered sweet,the saying tells you to make the best out of a bad situation.Unfortunately,when something bad happens,it’s not uncommon for most people to talk about it to anyone who’ll listen,and complain about life,“Why me?”That’s like getting a bag of lemons,putting them down,and thinking,“Lemons taste bad!I’d rather have chocolate!” If you don’t make anything with the lemons,they will go bad.But what if you did something with them?What if you made lemonade?Isn’t it possible to do something similar with a bad situation?Here’s an example.Let’s say you’re about to go to the movies,but you discover you have a flat tire.You consider this a terrible thing.After all,you are really looking forward to spending some time with Ryan Gosling and Emma Stone.Now you’re all stressed out,hating the tire,the car,and your life.But what if you called AAA,got your tire fixed or got caught up on things that you’d been meaning to do?What if you did some reading,or had coffee with a friend instead?A negative experience can be turned into something positive.Almost anything can work itself out into something better.You can’t change what has happened,right?So make the best of it.I’m not saying it will be easy.The easy thing to do is complain about your bad situation and not consider what it could be turned into.Next time when some unfortunate things happen,stop and think,“How can I turn this around?How can I make it a positive experience?”You needn’t fear difficulties.As long as you keep on changing it,you will see the benefits at last.1.What do we know about the saying in Paragraph 1?A.It is encouraging.B.It is funny.C.It is easy to do.D.It is negative.“the saying tells you to make the best out of a bad situation”可知,要从不好的处境中获得最好的。

Book 7 Unit 3 Period 3
Using language
（40分钟）
课型：语法-状语从句复习
主题：人与社会—社会发展与人类文明
内容分析：
本单元大观念: 着眼中外文化交流，立足于中国本土文化，从不同的视角理解中国文化和中国文明，从更广阔的角度探讨中国如何更好地走向世界。

本课为单元第三课时语法。

该部分的主要内容为状语从句的复习。

这部分要求学生在分析典型例句的基础上，补全一个关于大提琴演奏家马友友的小语段，之后再运用状语从句讲述中国高铁的发展，并完成相应的开放性练习。

学情分析：
高二学生已具备在阅读中获取细节信息的能力，部分学生能用英语自信地表达观点。

学生之前也学习过状语从句，对状语从句有一定的了解，但此前与之相关的知识结构并不系统。

学生可能了解了如今中国发明的国际影响力，但缺乏相关信息的英文输入。

教学目标：
在本节课结束后，学生应该能够：
1.理解并总结状语从句的类型和意义，区分不同种类的状语从句；
2.在真实语境中使用状语从句，创造性地完成开放性问题；
3.为中国文化和科技为世界做出的贡献感到自豪，激发努力学习建设祖国的爱
国热情和民族自豪感。

教学重点：
1.引导学生复习状语从句的特点，在真实语境中使用状语从句。

2.引导学生理解中国在文化和技术方面对世界做出的贡献，锻炼语言表达能力。

教学难点：
引导学生在真实语境中使用状语从句
Teaching procedures。

Section_ⅢGrammar—_主谓一致语法图解探究发现①Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.②Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.③Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.④Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.⑤Ten hours has passed since I came here.[我的发现](1)句①中group强调成员，故其后谓语动词用复数形式；句③中的family和句④中的group强调整体，故其后谓语动词用单数形式。

(2)句②中的主语为动名词短语，故其谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。

(3)表示时间、距离、金额、度量衡等名词作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式，如句⑤。

谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。

主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：一、名词作主语主语谓语动词可数名词单数或不可数名词单数可数名词复数复数只表示复数意义的集体名词people, police, cattle等复数family, class, group, team类集体名词强调整体单数强调成员复数只作不可数名词用的集体名词clothing, equipment,furniture, jewellery等单数单复数同形的名词means, sheep, works, deer, fish等根据其表达的单复数意义而定The public was kept in the dark about the matter.关于这件事情公众被蒙在鼓里。

选必四U3 语法补充练习名词性从句Noun Clauses【基础题】Practice I:1.__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2. The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.3. There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.4. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.5.I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.6. We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.7.The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.8. It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.9. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is that he is trying to express.10. Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.Practice II:1. The question is ___________ the film is worth seeing.2. Do you doubt ________ I believe you?3. This museum is not _______ it was ten years ago.4. The reason for his success is ________ he work hard.5. She dresses well, but the trouble is ______ the clothes she is wearing don’t go with each other very well.6. The suggestion ______ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.7. It depends on _______ we have enough time.8. You have no idea _________ anxious I have been for her safety.9. Now we can see __________ a serious problem the population is.10. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me _______ there’s a post office near here?11. There’s some doubt _________ she will be able to repay the money on time.12. My radio doesn’t work. I don’t know ________ is the trouble.13. _______ he doesn’t like them is very clear.14. I’d appreciate it ______ you carry out the experiment as directed.15. The fire destroyed ________ was in the building.16. We know little about the young lady except ______ you told me.17. I know nothing about her except ________ she is from Canada.18. ________ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.19. Please give me the book to _______ wins the first prize.20. The chance _____ he will attend the meeting is very little.【提高题】1. I doubted at that time __________ you could succeed in setting a new record.2. I’m interested in __________ you’ve finished the work or not.3. __________ you have picked up, you must give it back to whoever/whomever it belongs to.4. I was hesitating about the job offer __________I did not know __________the company was an established one.5. The media today can draw public attention to __________ help is actually needed.6. I will give you happily __________ you ask for only if I have.7. —I’m very puzzled about the attributive clause. I’ll ask the teacher about it.—That’s just __________ most of our roommates have doubt.8. Faced with these challenges, you should believe your courage is __________ makes a difference.9. His father got him a job in a government office but soon it became obvious__________ he was not fitfor that kind of work.10. What is known to us all is__________ the old worker, for whom life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.11. It was not __________ she said but how she said it that hurt my feelings.12. After working on the physics problem for hours, he found __________ he thought was the key to it.13. It could be judged from her eyes __________ she was extremely satisfied with my performance.14. How medicine works in a human body is a question__________ the majority of people cannot fully understand.15. When and __________ the party will be held has not been decided yet.16. __________ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto, Canada.17. The volunteers soon reached __________was once an old temple, which the workers now use as a workshop.18. Despite the fact __________ they lacked food, the two explorers continued towards the goal.19. The news shocked us __________a little girl was twice run over and then ignored by 18 passers-by.20. Word came __________ free souvenirs would be given to whoever had got there first.选择题1. _______ has recently been done to provide more services and facilities, the residents still complain about the great difficulty in receiving medical health care.A. WhatB. ThatC. In spite of whatD. Though what2. The date 5.12 is a special number, _______ I think that will be remembered by the Chinese forever.A. whatB. whichC. itD. one3. Please contact the secretary for the minutes of the meeting. _______ yesterday is of great importance to the development of our business.A. that we discussedB. What we discussedC. How did we discussD. What did we discuss4. _______ humans painted lively creatures such as cows, bulls, horses, and even cats on the walls of the cave remains a mystery.A. WhatB. WhereC. ThatD. Why5. Although Jim had expected something special from Della, he was still surprised by _______ he saw.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. how6. I don’t know much about the new refo rm except _______ a sound social security net should be established.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. where7. The reason why I declined your invitation to the picnic was _______ a job interview that day.A. because I hadB. because of havingC. due toD. that I had8. _______ really matters is _______ you do, you must do it well.A. What; whatB. whatever; whateverC. What; whateverD. Whatever; what9. _______ may be the reason, she is going to become an actress.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhateverD. It10. Word came _______ the long-awaited agreement was reached after seven months of negotiation ended at 3 am yesterday.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. which11. The majority of 1.3 million people who voted online are in favor of a new public holiday plan _______ eliminates one of the three Golden Week holidays and adds three traditional festivals to the holiday list.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. where12. — All the building materials have been washed away.— So I have heard. But there was no sign _______ a heavy rain was on the way last night.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. if13. Desertification（沙漠化）, the name for _______ happens when farmable land is turned into desert, is a growing world problem.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. how14. Obviously, there was little probability _______ they would succeed, but they didn’t mind.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how15. After year’s exploration, the geologists have reached the conclusion _______ this area is rich in resource of natural gas.A. whichB. andC. whereD. that16. Did he tell you _______ he came here for the day before yesterday?A. whenB. whyC. whatD. which17. You are saying that everyone should take equal responsibility, and that is _______ I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how18. I will recommend the chain store to _______ is interested in good quality and excellent service.A. whoeverB. whoC. whomeverD. whom19. _______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which20. Deep in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found _______ may be the most valuable sunken treasure in history.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. which答案：Practice I: 1. what 2. what 3. that 4. what 5. why 6. whether7. what 8. why 9. what 10. what Practice II: 1. whether 2. that 3. what 4. that 5. that 6. that 7. whether 8. how 9. what10. whether/if 11. whether 12. what 13. That 14. if 15. what(ever) 16. what. 17. that. 18. That 19. whoever 20. that【提高题】: 1. whether 2. whether 3. Whatever 4. as; whether 5. where6. whatever7. where8. what9. that 10. that11. what 12. what 13. that 14. that/which 15. where16. What 17. what 18. that 19. that 20. that【选择题】：1-5 CDBDA 6-10ADCCB 11-15ABCBD 16-20CBABB。