2018-2019学年第一学期上海市徐汇区高一学习能力诊断语文试卷 (无答案)
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2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三语文学科参考答案201812一 10分1.(5分)⑴金石可镂荀子⑵渐霜风凄紧,关河冷落,残照当楼2.(5分)⑴(2分) D ⑵(3分)选B 3分,选A或C 1分二 70分(一)16分3.(2分)B4.(2分)答案示例:消除地域(或城市)之间的差异5.(3分)选A 3分,选B 1分6.(4分)答案示例:承载了思南公馆文化符码的公众号,与公馆实体空间的项目活动互为呼应,生成了人与城市对话的新型关系,城市文脉借由新媒体与大众生活实践的交互而延续。
7.(5分)答案示例一:本文先以思南露天博物馆案例,阐释新媒体再现城市文化、联结大众生活实践并借此延续城市文脉的功能,再补充新媒体将不断创生生活实践,思南公馆的个案将成为常态,理由能够服众。
答案示例二:本文先以思南露天博物馆案例,阐释新媒体再现城市文化、联结大众生活实践并借此延续城市文脉的功能,但个例不能完全说服公众,预期由新媒体创生的新型社会实践有待于时间来检验,理由不完全能服众。
(二)15分8.(4分)答案示例:先用排比句强化“我”急盼脚步声的心情,再用“想听见”“哪怕”“准备”等语意连贯且具口语化的词语,情境化地展现了“我”等女儿时专注、细密的心思。
9.(4分)答案示例:文章由期待女儿“脚步声”起笔,引发女儿成长及“我”的人生“脚步”、实现生命价值与离家的矛盾等联想,由实而虚的行文贴合夜等“女儿”所思所想的情境,写出了父亲的“丰富”。
10.(3分)答案示例:第⑦段揣想女儿与我隔门对视,与上文窗口看不到亲人形成对比,展现父母子女安好带给人质朴的幸福感;第○11段“开”“拉”两句实写女儿到家,表现“我”内心的踏实与喜悦。
11.(4分)答案示例:结尾段扣题,揭示了为人父母的本性:为了儿女安好这一“单调”的心愿,甘愿承受辛劳与分离的煎熬,以及与儿女成长相伴而来的细腻而丰富的思虑和甘苦享受,言简意丰且意味深长。
(三)8分12.(1分)B13.(2分)C14.(5分)答案示例:先以“无梧桐”自谦,将门人赞喻为凤凰,希望他振翅高飞;又提醒他去江西后善自择居,不与乌哺类卑俗之人交往,并叮嘱他不忘游学为科举的梦想,最后举杯祝福他异日折桂。
2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三年级语文学科2018.12考生注意:1.本场考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
试卷共7页,答题纸共2页。
2.所有作答必须填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域,不得错位。
3.用2B铅笔作答选择题,用黑色字迹钢笔或水笔作答非选择题。
一积累应用 l0分1.按要求填空。
(5分)⑴锲而不舍,。
(《劝学》)⑵柳永的词《八声甘州》“,,”三句描写,以“渐”字领格,勾勒出一幅深秋雨后的萧索图景。
2.阅读新闻周刊记者采访金庸先生的片断,按要求选择。
(5分)记者:金庸先生,您辞去浙大人文学院院长和博导的职务,在 81 岁高龄远赴剑桥攻读历史学硕士,?金庸:原先王朔批评我的小说太俗了,我并不在乎,我写通俗小说,俗是免不了的。
现在有人公开批评我学问不好,我就相当地重视了。
学问不好是事实,唯一补救的办法是令自己的学问好一点,不是好过别人,而是今天好过昨天的自己。
⑴依据金庸的回答推断出的提问句,填入空格处恰当的一项是()。
(2分)A.与有学者批评您忙于院长事务、没精力做学问有关吗?B.与王朔先生批评您眼界太窄、您的武侠小说太俗有关吗?C.与有媒体批评您不甘寂寞、借高龄求学来炒作有关吗?D.是因为有学者批评您学问不够,您想拿学位来证明自己吗?⑵下列各组句子中,能代表金庸先生态度的一组是()。
(3分)①世事洞明皆学问,人情练达即文章。
②虚怀若谷,方能容纳百川。
③知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
④古人学问无遗力,少壮工夫老始成。
A.①②B. ②③C. ③④D. ①④二阅读 70分(一)阅读下文,完成第3—7题。
(16分)新媒体传播与城市文脉保护孙玮①二维码在2017年夏季的上海吸引了世界的目光。
这个渗透在我们日常生活中的移动网络小端口,竟然成了人类两百万年浩瀚历史的未来象征,“‘大英博物馆百物展:浓缩的世界史’上海展”的第 101 件展品,是一枚由 100 组文物构图而成的“二维码”。
2017学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷附答案高三语文试卷一.积累运用1. 按要求填空。
(1)黄沙百战穿金甲,__________________。
(王昌龄《从军行》)(2)__________________?__________________。
梦入芙蓉浦。
(周邦彦《苏幕遮》)(3)《师说》的语言简洁生动,文中的“__________________,__________________”就凝练传神地勾画出“士大夫之族”不愿从师的荒谬心态。
【答案】 (1). (1)不破楼兰终不还 (2). (2)五月渔郎相忆否 (3). 小楫轻舟(4). (3)位卑则足羞 (5). 官盛则近谀2. (1)为了向普通读者介绍中国古代园林中“窗”的艺术作用,建筑学家引用下面哪句诗文最为贴切?(______)A.苔痕上阶绿,草色入帘青。
B.今夜偏知春气暖,虫声新透绿窗纱。
C.庭院深深深几许?云窗雾阁春迟。
D.窗含西岭千秋雪,门泊东吴万里船。
(2)“这种由生育和婚姻事实所结成的网络,可以一直推出去包括无穷的人。
”这句话应在下文中(______)处。
社会结构中最重要联系是亲属关系。
[A]我们每个人都有这么一个以亲属关系布出去的网,但是,没有一个网所罩住的人是相同的。
在一个社会里的人可以用同一个体系来记认他们的亲属,所同的只是这体系罢了。
体系是抽象的格局,当我们用这个体系来认取具体的亲属时,各人所认的就不同了。
[B]我们在这个体系里都有父母,可是我的父母却不是你的父母;再进一步说,天下没有两个人所认取的亲属可以完全相同。
[C]因之,以亲属关系所连成的社会关系的网络来说,是个别的。
[D]每个网络都有个“己”为中心,各个网络的中心都不相同。
【答案】 (1). (1)D (2). (2)A【解析】(1)试题分析:本题考查诗中意象“窗”的艺术作用。
窗作为一种符号应运于中国建筑中,发挥出极强的表现力并呈现了丰富的美学与文化意义,在古典园林中更是扮演着独特而重要的角色。
2014学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三语文试卷考生注意:本考试设试卷和答题卷两局部,试卷包括试卷和答题要求,所有答案必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔非选择题〕在答题卷上,坐在试卷上一律不得分。
一阅读 80分〔一〕阅读下文,完成1-6题。
〔18分〕僻字的文化意义蒋原伦①《汉字听写大会》这一类的电视竞技节目,短短一年间成为小时尚,节目的看点就在于中学生能写出不少笔画繁复的汉字和艰深冷僻的词汇,那些躺在典籍或文献中某个角落难得一见的字词:比如“捍蔽〞,比如“唼喋〞,还有“觳觫〞等,如果没有这类竞技节目,我们可能一辈子不会用到它。
②人们有理由质疑节目策划者的意图:那些艰深冷僻的字词除了难倒学生,在最后关头起到淘汰参赛者的作用,还有什么其他意义吗?③这里要谈到僻字的文化意义,所谓冷僻的字和词,是指在日常生活交流中不常用而逐渐退出人们视野的字词。
当然,“冷僻〞是相对的,而且随时可能发生变化。
比如“囧〞、“槑〞,还有“烎〞等等,而今又回来了,成为网络热词。
某种意义上,这种现象可以理解为传统文化在当代的激活..。
④据统计,《康熙字典》中收了四万七千多字,而《鲁迅全集》总共用到的汉字才七千七百来个,鲁迅可能是二十世纪作家中用汉字最多的文学巨匠,即使这样,《康熙字典》中还剩那四万来个字没有动用。
海明威喜欢用冰山理论来形容文学创作,露出水面的八分之一与水下的八分之七构成厚积薄发的态势,其实,冰山理论挪用来说明常用字和生僻字的关系也很贴切,常用字必须浸泡在十倍于它的庞大字库中,才能时时焕发出活力。
⑤汉语表意崇尚简而意丰,词语或词组根据表述需要重新组合能衍生出新词,例如被称为“文起八代之衰〞的文章大家韩愈,在一篇文章中创造了“含英咀华〞“佶屈聱牙〞“同工异曲〞“动辄得咎〞等新词,这些“冷僻〞词语不符合约定俗成,可能一时流行不广,但它们表意明确有时又不可取代,反倒有长久的生命力。
⑥看汉字听写大会之类的节目,人们惊讶的是这些青涩的学子怎么写得出那么多佶屈聱牙的字和词?花功夫在这些“冷僻〞的字词上有意义么?其实许多书本知识在人生旅程中可能是无用的,但是它们在激活个体精神方面不可小觑,年轻学子求知假如渴,对那些有难度和深度的文字,怀有一种好奇,更怀有一种朦胧的敬意,在参与竞技的过程中精神力量被激发,才智得到认可。
2014~2015学年第一学期上海市徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一语文试卷(考试时间120分钟,总分100分)2015.1此卷为试题卷,答案请做在答题纸上【说明:本试卷有分叉题。
分叉题分“A”“B”两类,A类学校完成A类试题,B类学校完成B 类试题。
请不要选错或多做,否则不得分。
】阅读 60分一、阅读《边城》节选,完成1——4题。
(共12分)①风日清和的天气,无人过渡,镇日长闲,祖父同翠翠便坐在门前大岩石上晒太阳;或把一段木头从高处向水中抛去,嗾使身边黄狗自岩石高处跃下,把木头衔回来;或翠翠与黄狗皆张着耳朵,听祖父说些城中多年以前的战争故事;或祖父同翠翠两人,各把小竹作成的竖笛,逗在嘴边吹着迎亲送女的曲子。
过渡人来了,老船夫放下了竹管,独自跟到船边去横溪渡人,在岩上的一个,见船开动时,于是锐声喊着....:②“爷爷,爷爷,你听我吹,你唱!”……③黄昏来时,翠翠坐在家中屋后白塔下,看天空被夕阳烘成桃花色的薄云。
十四中寨逢场,城中生意人过中寨收买山货的很多,过渡人也特别多。
祖父在溪中渡船上,忙个不息。
天已快夜,别的雀子似乎都休息了,只杜鹊叫个不息。
石头泥土为白日晒了一整天,草木为白日晒了一整天,到这时节各放散出一种热气。
空气中有泥土气味,有草木气味,还有各种甲虫类气味。
翠翠看着天上的红云,听着渡口飘来乡生意人的杂乱声音,心中有些儿薄薄的凄凉。
④黄昏照样的温柔、美丽和平静。
但一个人若体念或追究到这个当前一切时,也就照样的在这黄昏中会有点儿薄薄的凄凉。
于是,这日子成为痛苦的东西了。
翠翠在成熟中的生命,觉得好像缺少了什么。
好像眼见到这个日子过去了,想要在一件新的人事上攀住它,但不成。
好像生活太平凡了,忍受不住。
于是胡思乱想:⑤“我要坐船下桃源县过洞庭湖,让爷爷满城打锣去叫我,点了灯笼火把去找我。
”⑥她便同祖父故意生气似的,很放sì地去想到这样一件不可能事情。
且想象她出走后,祖父用各种方法寻觅她都无结果,到后无可奈何躺在渡船上。
2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一语文试卷 2019.1【考生注意】考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,所有答案必须填涂(选择题)或书写(非选择题)在答题卷上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
考试时间120分钟,试卷满分120分。
一文学常识 12分1. 按要求填空。
(6分)⑴蒹葭萋萋,。
所谓伊人,。
(《诗经·秦风》)⑵陶渊明的《饮酒(其五)》中,最能体现他生活状态之恬淡闲适的句子是“,”。
而“,”两句,既是写景,也是抒情寓理。
2. 按要求选择。
(6分)⑴对《诗经》表现形式上的特点,表述不准确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 重章叠句B. 双声叠韵C. 运用赋比兴D. 句式参差⑵对左思《咏史》中用典手法的作用,分析不准确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 紧扣诗题,抒发怀抱B. 引古说今,唤起联想C. 一语双关,表达含蓄D. 以简御繁,蕴含深意⑶以下关于中国古典小说的说法中,正确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 魏晋南北朝的志人、志怪小说是我国小说的起源。
B. 宋代话本的出现标志着中国的小说具备了文学的性质。
C.《三国演义》《水浒传》等作品都是由文人独立创作的。
D. 中国古典小说在创作上吸收了不少史传文学的经验。
二阅读 58分(一)阅读《合欢树》节选,完成第3—5题。
(10分)①十岁那年,我在一次作文比赛中得了第一。
母亲那时候还年轻,急着跟我说她自己,说她小时候的作文做得还要好,老师甚至不相信那么好的文章会是她写的。
“老师找到家来问,是不是家里的大人帮了忙。
我那时可能还不到十岁呢。
”我听得扫兴,故意笑:“可能?什么叫可能还不到?”她就解释。
我装作根本不再注意她的话,对着墙打乒乓球,把她气得够呛。
不过我承认她聪明,承认她是世界上长得最好看的女的。
她正给自己做一条蓝地白花的裙子。
②二十岁,我的两条腿残废了。
除去给人家画彩蛋,我想我还应该再干点别的事,先后改变了几次主意,最后想学写作。
母亲那时已不年轻,为了我的腿,她头上开始有了白发。
2018-2019学年上海市徐汇区第一学期学习能力测试高二语文诊断卷(无答案)2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高二语文试卷2019.1【考生注意】考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,所有答案必须填涂(选择题)或书写(非选择题)在答题卷上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
考试时间120分钟,试卷满分120分。
一文学常识12分1. 按要求填空。
(6分)⑴念去去、,。
(柳永《雨霖铃》)⑵故乡遥,何日去?家住吴门,。
(《苏幕遮》)⑶《山坡羊·潼关怀古》中,作者回望历史,感慨沧桑变化的句子是:,。
2. 按要求选择。
(6分)⑴以下不属于《前赤壁赋》写作特点的一项是()。
(2分)A. 借景抒情,意在托讽B. 主客问答,抑客伸主C. 整散结合,以文为赋D. 善于取譬,意象连贯⑵“譬如为山,未成一篑,止,吾止也。
譬如平地,虽覆一篑,进,吾往也。
”这段话所用的说理方法是()。
(2分)A. 类比、演绎B. 归纳、对比C. 类比、归纳D. 比喻、对比⑶以下对“词”这种文学形式表述正确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 唐宋词是直接从前代乐府诗中产生发展起来的。
B. 词最早产生于民间,中唐以后逐渐出现文人词。
C. 唐代刘禹锡的《花间集》是最早的一部词选集。
D. 词的句式长短参差不齐,但基本上在偶句押韵。
二阅读58分(一)阅读《白莽作<孩儿塔>序》节选,完成第3—6题。
(11分)①春天去了一大半了,还是冷;加上整天的下雨,淅淅沥沥,深夜独坐,听得令人有些凄凉,也因为午后得到一封远道寄来的信,要我给白莽的遗诗写一点序文之类;那信的开首说道:“我的亡友白莽,恐怕你是知道的罢。
……”——这就使我更加惆怅。
②说起白莽来,——不错,我知道的。
四年之前,我曾经写过一篇《为了忘却的记念》,要将他们忘却。
他们就义了已经足有五个年头了,我的记忆上,早又蒙上许多新鲜的血迹;这一提,他的年青的相貌就又在我的眼前出现,像活着一样,热天穿着大棉袍,满脸油汗,笑笑的对我说道:“这是第三回了。
2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一年级英语学科听力文字2019.1 I. Listening comprehension (15%)Section A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: It’s a bit cold this morning.M: Terrible day, isn't it? It's supposed to snow later on.Q: What's the weather like today?2.W: Everything is ready. Shall we begin to film the play now?M: OK, everybody. We’re ready for the first scene.Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?3. W: Jack, what are you looking for in the bag?M: My classmates hid my glasses. Now I can’t find them.Q: What is Jack looking for?4. W: I went to a picture show last night. What about you?M: I watched an exciting football match at home.Q: What did the man do last night?5. M: Hello, I’m Frank Williams. I reserved a room here.W: Let me check. Yes, a single room for one night.Q: What is the man doing now?6. M: Let’s drop in here for a cup of coffee.W: I’d love to, but I’ve got to make a rather early start tomorrow.Q: What do we learn about the woman?7. W: We should build a new table. Buying one is too expensive.M: Good idea. We can drive over to the DIY store and get everything we need.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?8. W: Oh, I can hardly breathe here!M: I know. I think they should ban smoking here.Q: What is the woman complaining about?9.W: Work, work again! John, you always have a lot of work and always stay late.M: That’s true, but it brings me challenges.Q: How does the man feel about his job?10. W: Are you enjoying the book I lent you?M: It’s well-written, I’m sure, but it’s not my cup of tea.Q: What does the man think of the book?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passage and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Hello everyone! I’m very happy to be invited to this program today. I’d like to share with you my impression of Paris. The weather’s been great, cool and dry. Some aspects of life here are different from those in the United States. The most obvious thing is that there is much more activity in the streets. People gather together in open markets, cafes, parks, and squ ares. Then, of course, there’s thefood. Food seems to be more important here. It’s beautifully shown in windows and markets. Everything is fresher and better tasting than at home. I’ve gained five pounds since I arrived. There are a few things that bother me though. I’m still having a hard time with the language. People speak very fast and it’s hard to get them to repeat things. People, in general, are less warm here and it’s hard to make friends. I guess that can be true in any big city in a new country, but the French do seem to be less friendly than the people back home. (Now listen again, please.) Questions:11. In what way has the speaker changed since he arrived in Paris?12. What is difficult for the speaker to get used to?13. What does the speaker think of the French people?Questions 14 through 15 are based on the following conversation.M: Good morning, I’m one of the students who rented your flat. It’s 55 Park Road. W: Oh, yes. Everything all right?M: Not exactly. I’m afraid there are a couple of problems.W: Oh! I’m sorry to hear that. What kind of problems?M: Well, we haven’t had any hot water for a couple of days now. I wonder if you could send someone to have a look at it.W: Of course. I’ll get someone to come around at the weekend.M: Wel l, could he come around a bit sooner? I don’t think we can manage until the weekend.W: I see. Okay. I’ll send someone over this afternoon then.M: There’s also the matter of the fridge. We all assumed there would be one in the flat when we moved in, becau se that’s what we read from the advertisement in the newspaper.W: Ah, yes. Sorry about that. I got rid of the old fridge, but I didn’t get aroundto ordering a new one yet. I’m really sorry. I’ll order one today and get it delivered to you tomorrow.M: We bought one on the Internet actually. But could you pay us back?W: Of course. Just tell me how much you paid for it.M: It’s 260 pounds. Thank you. (Now listen again, please.)Questions:14. When will someone come to check the hot water?15. What will the woman do to settle the problem about the fridge?The End2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一年级英语答案2019.1 I.Listening Comprehension (15%)1-5 DBDBB 6-10 BDBCC 11-15 BCACAII. Grammar and vocabularySection A (10%)16. are removed 17. will reduce 18. which 19. have expressed 20. traveled21. where 22. few 23. was needed 24. who 25. aSection B (10%)25-30 IBDGA 31-35 CFKJHIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A(15%) 36-40 CDBBA 41-45 DCBAB 46-50 BACACSection B(16%) 51-54 CBCB 55-58 ACADSection C(8%)59-62 BADFSection D(6%)63. They do it for money or for fun.64. Rarity and condition.65. were widely available, but usually thrown away after use.IV. Translation (10%)1.Our family used to take a walk after dinner/supper.0.5 1 1 0.5ns whose diets are like/similar to W esterners’are more likely tohave/experience0.5 1 1weight problems.0.53.I think that you can get/achieve similar results/effect with your phone withouthaving to buy0.5 1 0.5 1an expensive camera.1V. 写作共10分新世纪翻译1. 我们今年要放一个月的寒假。
绝密★启用前【区级联考】上海市徐汇区2018-2019学年高一上学期期末学习能力诊断英语试题试卷副标题注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、完形填空During my school days, I was one of those shy and distant kids who would just sit in a corner for an entire day. For me, my books were my only world. Even during breaks, I used to just sit in a corner of the 1 and see others play games. It was not as if I wasn’t interested in 2 others or making new friends. But I always felt lacking in 3 when compared with my peers. I always had an opinion that my advances towards new friendships would be limited. A nd I just didn’t want to 4 a rejection (拒绝).Once during my English class, my teacher shared a(n) 5 with us. It was about King Bruce and a spider. It revolved around a lost battle and talked about how King Bruce, despite losing the battle, won in the end. He was 6 by a little spider. The little movements of the spider and the way it was taking rejections 7 me a lot. I was so surprised that I myself started 8 the movements of spiders at home. Once, a spider took around an hour to reach the top of a wall and I 9 knocked it down. To my 10 , within seconds it started making its 11 up again.For me, this incident was a game changer. I realized that rejections are never a 12 . The world may mistreat me, but I can 13 and start working again. There would be time when people would like and appreciate me. At present, I 14 mixing with people, learning new things and making new friends. I think, there are just no such things as rejections○…………外…………○…………装…※※请※※不※※要○…………内…………○…………装…1.A .office B .station C .playground D .street 2.A .beating B .watching C .filming D .joining 3.A .money B .energy C .tense D .knowledge 4.A .avoid B .suffer C .cause D .overlook 5.A .story B .task C .experience D .song 6.A .confused B .killed C .damaged D .inspired 7.A .ensured B .suited C .impressed D .reminded 8.A .adjusting B .observing C .showing D .guiding 9.A .cruelly B .angrily C .normally D .bravely10.A .delight B .surprise C .amusement D .disappointment 11.A .progress B .way C .web D .mistake 12.A .failure B .trend C .wonder D .adventure 13.A .feel free B .be aware C .stand up D .give up 14.A .enjoy B .refuse C .imagine D .risk 15.A .approaches B .values C .failures D .reasons 二、阅读理解○……………………○…………线…………○……考号:___________○……………………○…………线…………○……16.What can people do in Story Show?A .Do role-play games.B .Put on science shows.C .Hear touching stories.D .Meet authors of the books.17.If you are interested in ocean engineering, you will probably attend_______________. A .Story Show B .DIY Underwater Vehicle DesignC .Make Your Own iPhone CaseD .Animal Kingdom for Young Ones 18.Animal Kingdom for Young Ones is designed for ____________. A .adults B .children of all agesC .kids under 8 years oldD .children aged twelve and older 19.What is the subject of the festival? A .Sports. B .Science. C .Literature. D .Education.If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is just unnecessary, and it may be ha rmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long -distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study , “You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much.”20.The underlined word “strenuous ” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”. A .hard B .regular C .practical D .little21.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ________. A .suggest giving up jogging B .show risks of doing sports C .provide supportive evidence D .introduce the research process 22.According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?A .It may injure the heart and arteries.B .It can make the body tired out.C .It will bring much pressure.D .It consumes too much energy. 23.What can be inferred from the text? A .Jogging is the best exercise. B .More exercise means a healthier life. C .Marathons runners are least likely to die. D .Proper exercise contributes to good health. 三、七选五……线………………线…………box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Does Failure Really Exist?If you believe you have failed, then you have. If you believe you don’t have the ability to succeed, then you don’t. 24. The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals, failure is born. 25.Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it. They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals, but only until the things get too rough or their energy dies down. Don’t do that! Instead, make up your mind to make your goal happen, no matter what! 26.It’s a good idea to set a general timeline, but remember that something will be beyond your control. You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached. If you lock yourself into a given timeline, you might make yourself feel like a failure! Instead, get a general idea of when you’d like your goal to be completed. Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible. 27.Difficulties mean only one thing: it’s not time for your goal to be completed yet. That’s it! It doesn’t mean you failed; it doesn’t mean you’re weak; it doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve your goals. It simply means you have not done enough yet. You’ve got to keep moving forward and find a way over, around, or through the difficulties.………※订※※线※………第II 卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明 四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Fat and SaltFat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 28.(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. Having enough fat and salt in your meals 29.(reduce) the urge to snack between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be careful not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 30. is not good for the health.Direction: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Around the world, eggs have been an important part of breakfast for all good reasons. After all, an egg is a storehouse (仓库) of vital 31., making it an essential part of a healthy diet. And for those of you who are afraid of having this power food because you’re worried that it will add to your weight, remember, one egg 32. about 80 calories and about five grams of fat. Hence, smart consumption is a far healthier option.Eggs are a well-known rich 33. of protein — an important building block of bones, muscles, skin, and blood. The body uses protein to build and repair tissues as well as making other body chemicals. Unfortunately, the body does not store 34., and therefore has no reservoir (储备) to draw on when it needs a new supply. Thus eggs are the perfect sources and a smart food choice for those who 35. their intake of carbohydrates to lose extra weight.Another important nutrient you’ll find in egg white is Vitamin B2. And for all of you wondering what’s the 36. of this nutrient, it is a water-soluble (水溶性) vitamin which is 37. in vital processes in the body and is necessary for normal cell function, growth, and energy production.The yolk (蛋黄), which many of us 38. out of fear, is actually a very healthy food, if consumed in 39.. The yolk is a rich source of vitamin A, calcium, and iron. The iron found in the yolk iseasily 40. in the body. According to nutrition experts, one can eat one whole egg every day without harming one’s cholesterol and other blood -fat levels. 五、根据首字母或汉语或语境提示补全短文MusicEveryone has the inborn ability to understand and enjoy music. Since the beginning, humans 41.(express) themselves through music.I recently had a chance to experience conversation through music. In 2008, I 42. (travel) to Manila, Philippines to participate in a high school jazz exchange 43. many students from all over Asia came together to share their talents. Everyone was mixed into different small groups to prepare for a concert at the end of week. Although 44. people spoke fluent English, everyone seemed to understand each other simply through the music and there were few times where direct translation 45.(need). At the performance, every group played for a live audience. During my group’s performance, I was able to improvise (合奏) with a Korean boy 46. spoke very little English. But we managed to have a conversation through our instruments. It was 47. great experience. 六、阅读表达Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Collector’s CornerPeople collect a wide variety of things, from the obvious ones like stamps or coins, to the less common ones, such as beer bottles. Some collector’s spend hours looking through junk shops and build a collection for a few pence per object, while other collectors might spend thousands of pounds on antiques, fine china or rare paintings.Some people collect for money, but most people do it for fun. Collecting is basically illogical. If you simply want to listen to Elvis Presley’s firs t record, you can get a copy at most record shops. A collector, however, will want to own an original 1955 disc, and will be willing to pay for it. What makes an item valuable? Rarity (罕见) and conditions are the most important factors. Acoin or stamp which is worth hundreds in perfect condition might be worth only pence in average or poor conditions.What should you collect? Most collectors begin acquiring things which interest them, and as the collection grows, knowledge of the subject grows. If you want your collection to grow in value, it is probably best to avoid things which are sold especially for collectors. Nearly everybody who buys a set of new coins or stamps will keep them in perfect condition, so that the new coins or stamps will never become rare. The most valuable items are often things which were widely available, but which were usually thrown away after use, such as Coca-Cola bottles or toy cars. An interesting collection can be started very cheaply. (Note: Answering the questions in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)48.What are the two reasons why people collect things according to the passage? 49.What makes a collection valuable?50.If you want your collection to grow in value, you’d better collect things which __________. 七、汉译英Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.51.过去我们全家常常晚饭后去散散步。
2018-2019学年第一学期上海市徐汇区高一学习能力诊断语文试卷(无答案)2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一语文试卷2019.1【考生注意】考试设试卷和答题卷两部分,所有答案必须填涂(选择题)或书写(非选择题)在答题卷上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
考试时间120分钟,试卷满分120分。
一文学常识12分1. 按要求填空。
(6分)⑴蒹葭萋萋,。
所谓伊人,。
(《诗经·秦风》)⑵陶渊明的《饮酒(其五)》中,最能体现他生活状态之恬淡闲适的句子是“,”。
而“,”两句,既是写景,也是抒情寓理。
2. 按要求选择。
(6分)⑴对《诗经》表现形式上的特点,表述不准确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 重章叠句B. 双声叠韵C. 运用赋比兴D. 句式参差⑵对左思《咏史》中用典手法的作用,分析不准确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 紧扣诗题,抒发怀抱B. 引古说今,唤起联想C. 一语双关,表达含蓄D. 以简御繁,蕴含深意⑶以下关于中国古典小说的说法中,正确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 魏晋南北朝的志人、志怪小说是我国小说的起源。
B. 宋代话本的出现标志着中国的小说具备了文学的性质。
C.《三国演义》《水浒传》等作品都是由文人独立创作的。
D. 中国古典小说在创作上吸收了不少史传文学的经验。
二阅读58分(一)阅读《合欢树》节选,完成第3—5题。
(10分)①十岁那年,我在一次作文比赛中得了第一。
母亲那时候还年轻,急着跟我说她自己,说她小时候的作文做得还要好,老师甚至不相信那么好的文章会是她写的。
“老师找到家来问,是不是家里的大人帮了忙。
我那时可能还不到十岁呢。
”我听得扫兴,故意笑:“可能?什么叫可能还不到?”她就解释。
我装作根本不再注意她的话,对着墙打乒乓球,把她气得够呛。
不过我承认她聪明,承认她是世界上长得最好看的女的。
她正给自己做一条蓝地白花的裙子。
②二十岁,我的两条腿残废了。
除去给人家画彩蛋,我想我还应该再干点别的事,先后改变了几次主意,最后想学写作。
母亲那时已不年轻,为了我的腿,她头上开始有了白发。
医院已经明确表示,我的病情目前没办法治。
母亲的全副心思却.还放在给我治病上,到处找大夫,打听偏方,花很多钱,她倒总能找来些稀奇古怪的药,让我吃,让我喝,或者是洗、敷、熏、灸。
“别浪费时间啦!根本没用!”我说,我一心只想着写小说,仿佛..那东西能把残废人救出困境,“再试一回,不试你怎么知道会没用?”她说,每一回都虔诚地抱着希望。
然而对我的腿,有多少回希望就有多少回失望。
最后一回,我的胯上被熏成烫伤。
医院的大夫说,这实在太悬了,对于瘫痪病人,这差不多是要命的事。
我倒没太害怕,心想死了也好,死了倒痛快。
母亲惊惶了几个月,昼夜守着我,一换药就说:“怎么会烫了呢?我还直留神呀!”幸亏伤口好起来,不然她非疯了不可。
③后来她发现我在写小说。
她跟我说:“那就好好写吧。
”我听出来,她对治好我的腿也终于绝望。
“我年轻的时候也最喜欢文学,”她说,“跟你现在差不多大的时候,我也想过搞写作,”她说,“你小时候的作文不是得过第一?”她提醒我说。
我们俩都尽力把我的腿忘掉。
她到处去给我借书,顶着雨或冒了雪推我去看电影,像过去给我找大夫,打听偏方那样,抱了希望。
④三十岁时,我的第一篇小说发表了,母亲却已不在人世。
过了几年,我的另一篇小说又侥幸获奖,母亲已经离开我整整七年。
3. 第①段画线句的作用是。
(2分)4. 分析下面句中加点词的意味。
(4分)⑴母亲的全副心思却.还放在给我治病上。
⑵仿佛..那东西能把残废人救出困境。
5. 结合以上选文,分析作者这样组材的意图。
(4分)(二)阅读下文,完成第6—10题。
(18分)红楼梦的情节波澜(节选)吴功正①《红楼梦》是一座富丽堂皇、精工细巧的艺术大厦,我们看到了缔构者的匠心。
《红楼梦》是一条天造地设的江流,我们看到了它的波澜。
《红楼梦》以日常的生活作为艺术的表现对象,现实主义地描写了生活的全部复杂内容。
它没有金鼓大作的场面、兵血交飞的情景,它和传奇式的作品分道扬镳,以独特的形式安排情节,而又注重于在日常生活的描写中,体现生活的波涛发展。
②江河东流,时见湍急夺路,时见缓缓流淌,时见静练平展,时见波涛起伏,这是自然的运动规律。
社会生活的运动规律也是如此。
曹雪芹正是掌握和运用了这一规律,来设计情节的波澜。
③日常的生活描写,使《红楼梦》能广泛深入地反映社会的面貌,这是它的长处。
但是,也有它的短处,如果不精心安排,没有情节的波澜、漩涡,就势必会平淡寡味,无法吸引人。
曹雪芹善于在平淡生活中掀波澜,使《红楼梦》的情节获得了独特性。
④《红楼梦》中的情节高潮是经过作者充分组织和准备,形成起来的。
这种铺垫,既具有必然性,又很富有层次感。
我们不妨以“不肖种种大承笞挞”(第三十三回)为例,作些分析说明。
⑤高潮的形成有必然性。
对于荣国府的封建家长来说,贾宝玉是不可或失的命根子,是延荣续贵的唯一希望:为挽狂澜于既倒,支撑残厦于将倾,贾府的统治者在贾宝玉刚生下后就为他铺设了一条仕途经济的青云大道。
早在第九回,贾政就给私塾馆的教师爷话:“只是先把《四书》一齐讲明背熟,是最要紧的。
”但是,贾宝玉硬是唱反调。
无心于仕途之间,绝意于经济之途。
史湘云劝他:“该常会这些为官作宦的,谈谈讲讲些经济的学问。
”宝玉听了,如针刺耳,大为反感:“姑娘请别的姐妹屋里坐坐,我这里仔细肮脏了你经济学问的人。
”矛盾双方的这些言和行都发生在三十三回前,作为伏笔深深地埋藏着。
一方强令其邀名取禄,一方偏不就范,双方冲突不已,矛盾的激化也就势在必然。
这就为三十三回的高潮提供了充分准备。
当经过大大小小的火力侦察和互相摩擦后,对立的矛盾就必然会激化到诉诸武力。
这样的高潮的形成就思想意义上讲,有社会必然性;就故事发展的角度看,有情节必然性。
⑥高潮的组织有层次感。
云是雨的征兆,从乌云一片到黑云翻滚到电劈雷轰直到大雨滂沱,很有层次,文学作品也是同理。
金钏儿投井,雨春临门,是高潮的导因;忠顺王府索人是高潮的诱因;贾环的飞短流长,造谣中伤是高潮的直接发因。
由远及近,脉络清晰,一步紧接一步,层深迭进,一环衔接一环,丝丝入扣,把情节逐步推向高潮,进入非如此即不可的境地。
再从贾政对贾宝玉的神色变化看也很有层次。
初见时——“原本无气”,平波展镜;但看到贾宝玉垂头耷耳,神色遑遽,“应对不如往日”,语失伦次——“倒生了三分气”,微澜起波;偏巧这时忠顺王府和贾府的关系并不那么妙,不速之客来天外,跑到门上找戏子,而且那王府堂官很不客气,使得贾政——“又惊又气”“目瞪口歪”,浪头逐涌起来了;这时又碰上贾环的告状,构陷之词,中伤之言,犹如冰上添霜,火上加油,在贾宝玉的“大逆不道”上又增上“大逆不道”,贾政的神色变成——“面如金纸”“眼都红了”。
此时此刻,此情此境,怒火冲开脑门简直要掀掉房顶,于是一声断喝,一阵板子如雨点似地落了,矛盾激化了,高潮形成了。
这样的高潮起伏隐显,脉络分明,渐次而又迭进地推发上去。
倘若没有这些层次,贾政一开始见到贾宝玉,沉下脸来,捋起袖子就打,就于事不存,无理缺据了。
⑦。
当贾宝玉被喝禁在边厅上时,他料到挨打是事在必然,连忙托人给贾母、王夫人报信。
倘若贾母闻声赶到,电闪雷鸣也就顷刻风息浪平,高潮也就形成不了。
高明的曹雪芹为了让叛逆与卫道的矛盾激化成必然,就利用偶然性的事件来触发。
一是整天转前绕后,陪伴左右,又机灵又贴身的小厮焙茗,偏偏这时不见影踪,倘若他在这里的话,早就一溜烟到里面报告去了。
二是正当贾宝玉如坐针毡,无人可找之际,恰巧遇到个老妈子,这该有人报信了,可是,这老妈子偏偏是个聋子,把“要紧”听成“跳井”,将“小厮”说成“小事”,把贾宝玉急得如热锅蚂蚁。
这都是偶然性的事件,但是这种偶然性又发挥了很大的作用。
马克思在《致路·库格曼》中说:“如果‘偶然性’不起任何作用的话,那么世界历史就会带有非常神秘的性质。
这些偶然性本身自然纳入总的发展过程中,并且为其他偶然性所补偿。
但是,发展的加速和延缓在很大程度上是取决于这些‘偶然性’的。
”《红楼梦》在这方面也留给我们深刻的启示。
6.“分道扬镳”在文中具体指。
(3分)7. 第②③段从不同角度阐释了《红楼梦》情节设计的特征,请就此进行分析说明。
(4分)8. 联系上下文,在第⑦段画线处填入恰当的句子。
(2分)9. 下面对本文的分析最准确的一项是()。
(3分)A. 开篇以比喻叹《红楼梦》结构精巧,情节自然生动,以先声夺人之势奠定全文基调。
B. 文章分析《红楼梦》第三十三回,意在说明曹雪芹长于在平淡生活中掀波澜的写法。
C. 第⑥段开头以自然现象类比,说明文学作品的高潮由隐到显,渐次迭进,势在必然。
D. 文末引用马克思的话,证明《红楼梦》的成功在于:情节安排符合事物发展的规律。
10. 概括第⑥段画线部分评析的思路。
(6分)(三)阅读《史记·项羽本纪》节选,完成第11—16题。
(16分)于是项王乃欲东渡乌江。
乌江亭长檥船待,谓项王曰:“江东虽小,地方..千里,众数十万人,亦足王.也。
愿大王急渡。
今独臣有船,汉军至,无以渡。
”项王笑曰:“天之亡我,我何渡为!且籍与江东子弟八千人渡江而西,今无一人还,纵江东父兄怜而王我,我何面目见之?纵彼不言,籍独.不愧于心乎?”乃谓亭长曰:“吾知公长者,吾骑此马五岁,所当无敌,尝一日行千里,不忍杀之,以赐公。
”乃令骑皆下马步行,持短兵.接战。
独籍所杀汉军数百人。
项王身亦被十余创,顾见汉骑司马吕马童曰:“若非吾故人乎?”马童面之,指王翳曰:“此项王也。
”项王乃曰:“吾闻汉购我头千金,邑万户,吾为若德.。
”乃自刎而死。
……太史公曰:吾闻之周生曰“舜目盖重瞳子”,又闻项羽亦重瞳子。
羽岂其苗裔邪?何兴之暴也!夫秦失其政,陈涉首难,豪杰蜂起,相与并争,不可胜数。
然羽非有尺寸,乘势起陇亩之中三年遂将五诸侯灭秦分裂天下而封王侯政由羽出号为霸王,位虽不终,近古以来未尝有也。
及羽背关怀楚①,放逐义帝②而自立,怨王侯叛己,难矣。
自矜.功伐,奋其私智而不师古,谓霸王之业,欲以力征经营天下,五年卒亡其国,身死东城,尚不觉寤而不自责,过矣。
乃引“天亡我,非用兵之罪也”,岂不谬哉![注]①背关怀楚:指放弃关中形胜之地,东归建都彭城。
②义帝:楚怀王孙,公元前206年,项羽尊他为义帝,后又把他放逐到长沙,并暗地派人把他杀了。
11. 写出下列加点词在句中的意思。
(4分)⑴地方..千里⑵亦足王.也⑶籍独.不愧于心乎⑷吾为若德.12. 与“持短兵接战”中“兵”字含义相同的一项是()。
(1分)A. 先礼后兵.B. 厉兵.秣马C. 纸上谈兵.D. 按兵.不动13. 为“自矜功伐”的“矜”选择释义正确的一项。
(1分)A. 端庄B. 怜悯C. 注重D. 自夸14. 对文中画线部分断句正确的一项是()。
(2分)A. 乘势起陇亩之中三年/遂将五诸侯/灭秦/分裂天下而封王侯/政由羽出号/为霸王B. 乘势起陇亩之中三年/遂将五诸侯灭秦/分裂天下而封/王侯政由羽出/号为霸王C. 乘势起陇亩之中/三年/遂将五诸侯灭秦/分裂天下而封/王侯政由羽出号/为霸王D. 乘势起陇亩之中/三年/遂将五诸侯灭秦/分裂天下而封王侯/政由羽出/号为霸王15. 概括项羽拒绝渡江的理由。