专题三 代词

最新版名校学习资料集锦全国各大名校资料集合专题三代词精讲常考知识考点一人称代词考点二物主代词考点三反身代词考点四指示代词考点五不定代词考点六疑问代词考点七it的用法考点一人称代词人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。

人称代词格第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格I me you you he she it they 宾格we us you you him her it they人称代词的主格通常用作主语，宾格则用作宾语或表语。

I like table tennis. 我喜欢乒乓球。

(作主语)Do you know him? 你知道他吗？(作宾语)—Who’s knocking at the door?谁在敲门？—It’s me. 是我。

(作表语)注意：⑴I作“我”讲时，需要大写。

⑵we，you，they可以泛指一般人；she常用来代指国家、月亮、大地等。

⑶人称代词并列时的顺序：单数人称：you →he / she →I；复数人称：we →you →they；男女两性并列：he →she。

【用法口诀】人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。

【典例精析】1. He Jiong is a famous TV station host. __________ does well in making jokes.A. HisB. HimC. He解析：句子缺少主语，因此需要主格代词he来充当。

答案：C。

2. We have noticed the problems, __________ and will be discussed at the meeting.A. youB. itC. theyD. us解析：上文的problems是复数，所以用they来代替以避免重复。

答案：C。

3. Han Han is very popular among the teenagers. We all like __________.A. himB. heC. hisD. himself解析：him宾格；he主格；his形容词性物主代词；himself反身代词。

语法专题专题三代词I、重点难点解析代词是代替名词的一种词类。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中下面举例说明，其中疑问代词见“句子种类”，关系代词见“定语从句”。

一人称代词的用法1 作主语，用主格。

作宾语用宾格。

She teaches us English.2 在句中作表语，常用宾格。

Who is it? It’s me. 但有时用主格。

If I were she, I would’t go there.It was I who told him about it.二物主代词的用法1．形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is our classroom. His father is an engineer.2说明：①英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。

如：Jack took off his coat and went to bed.杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了。

② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。

如：Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。

四指示代词的用法1.时空的差别e.g. There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that？2. This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。

E.g.I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.3.that 和those 用于表比较的结构。

The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown. TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.五不定代词的用法1．none, no one, nothing 的用法区别1）none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；no one 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。

【英语】高考英语易错题专题三代词(含解析)一、单项选择代词1．He is a strict but kind teacher, is always trying to make his classes and interesting. A．one ; living B．one who; lively C．he ; lovely D．he who; live【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词，形容词和定语从句。

句意：他是严格但善良的人，一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。

A. living活着的; B. lively生动的; C. lovely可爱的; D. live现场直播的。

一空填one代替a teacher，且为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who。

第二空填lively“生动的”，符合句意。

故选B。

2．I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them．A．one B．itC．this D．that【答案】B【解析】考查it的用法。

我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。

此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。

故选B。

【名师点睛】英语中有些动词像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的宾语从句通常用it做形式宾语，再跟when/if等引导的宾语从句。

I hate it when talk with their mouth full of food.本题就是考查it的这种用法。

我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。

此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。

故选B。

3．I hate _______ when people eat with their mouths full.A．that B．these C．it D．them【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。

语法专题三代词与it 的用法[考点解析]1.人称代词人称代词主要用来指代表示人的名词或名词词组. 有人称, 数, 性和格的区别, 在句中可作主语, 宾语或表语. 人称代词的宾语可用作非限制动词的主语或者单独出现. 例如:You will hurt yourselves with those knives. It never occurred to me to doubt him.--Who is knocking at the door? --It’s me.--Who did it? --Me.2.物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物代词和名词性物主代词. 形容词性物主代词只能和名词连用, 对名词起限定作用. 名词性物主代词在意思上相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 在句中起名词作用, 作主语, 宾语和补语. 例如:His hat is the brown one.Ours (Our house) is the only house here that is being painted.I left my camera at home. You can use hers (her camera).3.指示代词指示代词可在句中作主语, 宾语和起限定作用. 例如:Those present at the meeting included the mayor and mayoress and the local member ofparliament.--Shall we buy this book or that one?I like that one.4.反身代词反身代词是用后缀-self (复数-selves)加上第一人称, 第二人称的形容词性物主代词, 或者加上第三人称代词的宾格形式构成的。

可在句中作宾语, 表语或同位语, 也可由并列连词连接, 与另一词并列作主语. 例如:Tom and Ann blamed themselves for the accident.Frank is not quite himself today.She liked the diamond itself but not the setting.My wife and myself were invited to the party.5.相互代词表示相互关系的代词称为相互代词, 只有each other和one another, 它们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的.在现代英语中,它们可以替换使用.例如:We have known each other since we were children.They looked at one another, in hatred and despair.6.疑问代词疑问代词常用于特殊疑问句中, 一般放在句首, 并在句中作某一句子成分, 可作主语, 宾语, 表语和定语. 疑问代词都可用作连接代词, 引导名词性从句(主语从句, 宾语从句和表语从句). 例如:Who is going to speak to us tomorrow? What do you usually have for lunch?What is the matter? Don’t you feel well? Whose umbrella is this?Tell me who he is.7.关系代词关系代词是用来引导形容词性从句的, 有主格, 宾格和所有格, 也有人称和非人称之分. 例如:He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree.Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.The house whose windows are broken is unoccupied.8.不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词. 常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every等.以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词, 如:anybody, something, no one. 这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语, 宾语,表语和定语, 但none和由some, any, no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语, 宾语或表语; every和no只能作定语. 如:One should learn to think of others.He gave every patient the same medicine.All the students have come.上述知识可归纳如下:(1)人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them(2)物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their名词性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs(3) 指示代词this, that, these, those, such, same(4) 反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves(5) 相互代词each, other, one, another(6) 疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever(7) 关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as(8) 不定代词one/some/any, each/every, none/no, many/much, few/little/a few/a little, other/another, all/both, neither/eitherthe use of “It”一. 代词1. it的基本用法是用来指代上文所提到的事物. 如:A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is.2. it, that, one, the one, the ones用于指代用法时的区别:it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they); one指代上文提及的, 泛指的可数名词单数(复数ones); that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词(复数those), the ones相当于these, those.3. 指代不明身份或性别的人也用it; 指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可以用she/he.A: Who’s it (knocking at the door)?B: It’s me.The crowd moves on. No one tries to stop it.My car needs some more petrol. Let’s fill her up.二. 虚义it:虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语, 如表示时间, 天气, 距离, 温度等概念的用法.When spring comes, it is getting warmer and warmer.It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing.It is only about half an hour’s ride from here to my home.It looks as if the college is very small.It seemed as though our plan would be perfect.三.形式it:由于句法结构的需要, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语后置.1.形式主语:不定式, 动名词以及主语从句作主语时, 为避免“头重脚轻”, 要将真正的主语后置.It is/was difficult (easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, apleasure…) (for sb.) to do sth.;1). It is/was kind (nice, wise, clever…) (of ab,) to do sth.;比较:Sb. is/was angry (ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy,pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, thankful…) to do sth.;2). It is better (interesting, tiring, enjoyable, funny, fun, a bore, a waste of time…)doing sth.;3). It is clear (plain, true, certain, sure, obvious…) that clause +陈述语气;4). It is important (necessary, strange, a pity…) +that clause +(should) do;5). It is a suggestion (my with) +that clause +(should) do;6) It is ordered +that clause+(should) do;7). Ii is high/very time that we should have lunch/had lunch here.It is the first/last time that we have had lunch here (just).It is the third time that we shall have lunch here (in a moment).2. 形式宾语: 当不定式, 动名词, that从句作宾语, 又有自己的宾语补语时, 要用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语后置. 能够用于形式宾语句型的动词有think, make, find,consider, feel, take等. 如:Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.The fisherman made it a rule that he never cast his net more than four times a day.The ancient people took it for granted that the earth was flat.We think it necessary reading aloud every morning to improve our English.四. 强调it: 为了强调句子中的某一处, 可以用“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他的句型. 如:I met an old friend in the street last week.-It was I who met an old friend in the street last week. (强调主语)It was an old friend that I met in the street last week. (强调宾语)It was in the street that I met an old friend last week. 强调地点状语)It was last week that I met an old friend in the street. (强调时间状语)注意:一般强调时间不能用when, 强调地点不用where.[高考示例]【例1】2005浙江高考We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found ______we like yetA. oneB. onesC. itD. them提示: one指代上文出现的同一类事物中的一个; 而it则指同一事或同一物.答案: A.【例2】2005福建高考I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, ______of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody提示: 由to my disappointment可知, 父母中没人接电话, 故用neither表示“两者中任何一个都没/不”答案: C.【例3】2005江西高考Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ______than mobile phones do.A. oneB. onesC. itD. those提示:替代上文出现的同类事物中的一个用one，复数用ones; 而it与that都表示特指.答案: B【例4】2005天津高考Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______effects the people are still suffering.A. thatB. whoseC. thoseD. what提示:定语从句中缺少定语, 故选关系代词whose.答案: B【例5】2005浙江高考______I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB. AfterC. AsD. Since提示: as引导定语从句, 代指主句的整个内容, 意为“正如; 就像.答案: C one与it起指代上文内容时作用不同, 同时还应注意that常用来指代不可数名词或用于比较级中[触类旁通]1. I would appreciate ______if you come to my grandma’s birthday party and say “Hello”to her.A. thatB. itC. youD. her2.I would rather buy a house in the suburb than ______in the city.A. itB. oneC. thisD. that3. ---How do you think of the film?---Wonderful, I think. Just as fine as ______of the films we have seen.A. oneB. anotherC. someD. any4. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to ______A. any otherB. anotherC. the otherD. other5. ______are fond of watching TV after supper, but ______prefer to go out.A. I and my family; he and his familyB. My family and I; his family and heC. I and my family; his family and heD. My family and I; he and his family6. ______breaks law should be punished. Everyone was born equal.A. AnyoneB. The personC. WhoeverD. Who7. There is something wrong with my body. I’m not feeling ______today.A. goodB. my ownC. meD. myself8. --Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the city library?--______of the four roads will do.A. AnyB. NeitherC. BothD. Every9. Although he talked like a man of sense, his actions were ______of a fool.A. theseB. thatC. thoseD. any10. The thieves ran away separately, ______carrying a bag. The police then divided into groups tofollow them immediately.A. allB. eachC. everyD. either答案: 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B.。

考点三代词一、人称代词1.人称代词形式2.人称代词用法二、物主代词1.物主代词形式2.物主代词用法三、反身代词1.反身代词形式2.反身代词的基本用法四、疑问代词what的习惯用法五、不定代词1.both,all,either,any,neither,none的区别I've bought two books;you can have either.我买了两本书,你要哪本都行。

I am sorry I can't lend you any(money).对不起,我不能借给你钱。

None of this money is mine.这笔钱都不是我的。

2.one,another,the other,some,others,the others的区别注意:(1)the other后通常加可数名词(单数或复数),但不能加不可数名词;短语the rest of(剩余的)后既可以加可数名词(单数或复数),也可以加不可数名词;else一般放在不定代词或特殊疑问词后。

—What else did you do last weekend?—Oh,nothing else.——上周末你还做什么了?——哦,没做什么别的事。

(2)体会下列句子中黑体词的用法①I have two books:one is English,and is French.我有两本书:一本是英语书,一本是法语书。

②He will stay here for days.他在这里还要待上3天。

③There are many books on the table:some are English; are French.桌子上有很多书。

一些是英语书,剩下的是法语书。

④He'll be in a wheelchair for the rest of his life.他的余生将在轮椅上度过。

⑤Would you please make it ?你能改天吗?⑥I saw him in London the other day/week/month.我那天/个星期/个月在伦敦见过他。

2023中考一轮知识提升专题03 代词1一、单项选择1. —Is this ________ pencil? —No, it isn’t. It’s ________. A. your, herB. your, myC. your, hisD. her, her2. —What’s that, Tom?— ________ a pencil.A. It’sB. IsC. I amD. That’s3. —Which sport do you like, football or basketball? — ________, I like swimming. A. EitherB. NoneC. NeitherD. Both4. —Tomorrow is Mother’s Day. What are you going to buy for your mother? —I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her ________. A. something specialB. anything specialC. special somethingD. special anything5. _______ name is Tina. _______ am a girl. 知识强化2A. I, myB. My, IC. My, myD. I, I6. —Who is that girl over there?—_______ a Chinese singer.A. She’sB. He’sC. It’sD. They’re7. It is necessary ________ to our parents when we have problem.A. to talkB. talkingC. talkD. talked8. —What color is ________ ruler?—________ ruler is red.A. your; IB. your; MyC. you; MyD. you; I9. —What’s your number?—________ is 587.A. HeB. ThisC. ThatD. It10. —Is ________ Lucy?—No, her name is Cindy.A. heB. hisC. sheD. her11. He doesn’t find _________interesting _________elephants playing soccer.A. this, watchB. it, to watchC. that, watchingD. it, watching12. Miss Gao is ________ teacher. She teaches ________ English.A. our, myB. us, meC. us, ourD. our, us13. —Is that a picture of your mother?—Yes, that was 15 years ago.A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself14. Look! How big the watermelon is! Let’s ________ first.A. cut up themB. cut them upC. cut it upD. cut up it15. —How much are your shoes?— ________ 20 yuan.A. It’sB. ItC. They’reD. That’s16. These shirts ________ only 5 dollars. Do you like ________?A. are；theyB. is；themC. are；themD. is；its17. My little brother really enjoys ________ English class this term.A. heB. himC. hisD. himself18. —Daming, can you teach ________ how to use chopsticks?—Sure. We use chopsticks every day and it is ________ Chinese tradition.A. me, ourB. my, yourC. me, oursD. mine, our19. Sun Hongsheng lost his arms after an accident at the age of six, ________ he adapted (适应) quickly and went to school like ________ children, learning to write with his feet.A. although; anotherB. but; otherC. but; anotherD. although; other20. It’s silly ________ you ________ your car at such a low price.A. for; to sellB. of; sellC. for; sellD. of; to sell21. These sweaters are too small for me. Would you show me ________ one?A. the otherB. otherC. anotherD. else22. ________ like ice cream.A. He and IB. I and heC. He and meD. I and him23. —What did you learn from the epidemic?—________ is more important than people’s safety and health.A. EverythingB. AnythingC. SomethingD. Nothing24. —I lost my ID card yesterday and I couldn’t find ________ anywhere.—You’d better reapply for (补办) ________ as soon as possible. We may need it anytime.A. it; thatB. it; oneC. one; itD. one; that25. In 50 years, people will have more free time because there will be _________ things to do.A. fewerB. fewC. lessD. little26. —This T-shirt isn’t fit for me. Could you show me ________ T-shirt?—Sure. What about this one?A. anotherB. othersC. the otherD. other27. It’s important ________ English every day.A. of us to readB. for us to readC. for us readingD. we must read28. —Did you see two Japanese here?—Yes, but they’ve gone. One took a taxi, ________ went on foot.A. anotherB. the othersC. otherD. the other29. —Who helped the children with their homework?—Nobody. They did it by ________.A. themB. theirC. theirsD. themselves30. —Whose mask is it? Is it ________, Lin Lin?—No, it can’t belong to ________. Mine is black.A. yours, mineB. you, meC. yours, meD. you, mine31. You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand.A. OneB. No oneC. EveryoneD. Someone32. There are many monkeys around ________, they are looking at ________ bananas.A. they, ourB. they, themC. them, theirD. them, them33. Do you want ________juice? No, I don’t want ________ drinks.A. some, someB. any, someC. some, anyD. any, any34. Is there ________ in today’s newspaper?A. everything interestingB. interesting somethingC. anything interestingD. interesting anything35. —I can’t believe George could make such a silly mistake.—Don’t be sad. ________ of us is perfect.A. EachB. NoneC. NeitherD. Either36. Each time I read books on science, I can find________.A. new anythingB. everything newC. new nothingD. something new37. — My son, you should know that learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings ________ to you. — I see, dad. Thank you.A. anything newB. something newC. new somethingD. new anything38. — Is this ________ book, Tony?—No. Lucy’s name is on it. Maybe it’s ________.A. your; herB. your; hersC. yours; herD. yours; hers39. You are no longer young and can be responsible for ________.A. myselfB. yourselfC. himselfD. herself40. —Excuse me, I’d like to buy a birthday present for my brother.— We have different kinds of new toys for boys. You can choose _______ for him.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this二、短文填空1阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

语法复习第3讲：代词I、重点难点解析代词是代替名词的一种词类。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑一、人称代词的用法1.作主语用主格。

作宾语用宾格。

She teaches us English.2.在句中作表语，常用宾格。

Who is it? It’s me.但有时用主格。

If I were she, I would’t go there.二、物主代词的用法1．形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is our classroom.2①英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。

如：Jack took off his coat and went to bed.② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。

如：Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.四、指示代词的用法1.时空的差别e.g. There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that？2. This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。

e.g. I shall say this to you: he is a poor man.He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.3.that 和those 用于表比较的结构。

The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown.TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.1）none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；no one 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。

高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题三代词一、代词的分类用来代替名词或起名词作用的词、短语、分句或句子的词叫作代词。

英语中的代词可分为类人称代词主格 I we you you he,；she； it they 宾格me us you you him；her；it them物主代词形容词性my our your your his；her；its their 名词性mine ours yours yours his；hers；its theirs 反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself；herself；itself themselves 指示代词this, that, these, those, such, so不定代词 one, some, any, each, none, all, both, neither, either, other, another, no, many，much, (a)few,（a)little, something, anything, nothing, everything相互代词 each other, one another疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what ，whoever, whichever, whatever连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what，whoever, whichever, whatever关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as二、常考代词的用法1.both, all, either, any, neither, none 微专题易错点指代范围代词用法两者both 意为“两者都”，是对两者的肯定either 意为“（两者中）任一个”，表示二选一neither 意为“都不”，是对两者的否定all 意为“全部”，指代或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词三者或三者以上any 意为“任何一个”，指代或修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词none意为“全无，没有一点”，指代可数名词复数或不可数名词指物或人，其后可接表示范围的of...回答 how many/how much 的提问no one意为“没有人”，只指人其后不接表示范围的of...回答 who 的提问例：He is good at both English and French.You can take either of the pictures, whichever you like.It was a game in which neither team would win.Neither of us could understand German.All are happy to know the news.Phone me any day next week.We had three cats once but none(of them)is alive now.No one knows the answer.－How many of you have been to the Great Wall?－None.2.other, another 微专题易错点两者都意为“另一个”。