高考专题复习形容词和副词
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高考英语必考点学案:形容词与副词一、形容词和副词基本用法(一)形容词基本用法1.作定语,修饰名词、代词。
如:I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的书。
2.作表语。
通常与系动词be , get , grow , bee , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound , turn, remain 等连用。
如:The weather is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。
3.作宾补。
如:The news made every one happy.这则消息令每个人都很高兴。
The wall was painted green.墙被刷成了绿色。
4.作状语,用来说明主语的特征、状态。
表示伴随、原因、结果等。
如:Tired and hot, we had to stop to have a break.又累又热,我们不得不停下来休息。
He fell down dead.他倒下死了。
(二)副词基本用法1.作状语。
通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
如He runs fast.他跑得很快。
The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。
The bus came quite early.公共汽车到得很早。
She left shortly after the meeting.会议刚结束她就走了。
(修饰介词短语)Frankly, I don’t agree with you.说实话,我不同意你的意见。
(修饰句子)2.作表语。
如:Class is over.下课了。
Time is up.时间到。
3.作定语。
如:Do you know the girl upstairs? 你认识楼上的女孩吗?Soon you will be acquainted with the people around. 不久你就会熟悉这附近的人。
第14讲形容词和副词的用法(核心考点精讲精练)1. 三年真题形容词和副词考点细目表时间卷次语法填空/短文改错/单项选择2023年新高考I卷语法填空: ____36_tasty___ (taste);____44 rarely____ (rare)新高考II卷语法填空: ___43_Basically__ (basic)全国甲卷语法填空: ___47 Different___ (difference)短文改错:truth改为true;beautifully改为beautiful全国乙卷语法填空: ___49 remarkable_____ (remark)短文改错:final改为finally北京卷语法填空: ____12_ exactly___(exact)浙江卷(1月)语法填空:____57_originally___ (original);____61_spacious___ (space);____62simply____ (simple)(6月)语法填空:天津卷单项选择:2022年新高考I卷语法填空: ____ eventually______ (eventual)新高考II卷语法填空: ___38 aslpeep___ (sleep);___40accidentally___ (accidental )全国甲卷语法填空: ____meaningful______ (meaning)短文改错:closely改为close全国乙卷语法填空: /短文改错:greatly改为great北京卷语法填空: /浙江卷(1月)语法填空: ____roughly______(rough)(6月)语法填空: /天津卷单项选择:well aware of2021年新高考I卷语法填空: 3undoubtedly(undoubted);5 astonished (astonish)新高考II卷语法填空: ____61harmful____ (harm);___62_excited___(excite)全国甲卷语法填空: 10daily (day)短文改错: /全国乙卷语法填空: 8financial(finance);1educated (educate)短文改错:mentally改为mental北京卷语法填空: ____16safely____(safe)浙江卷(1月)语法填空: 8sharply(sharp)(6月)语法填空: /天津卷(第一次)单项选择: increasingly(第二次)单项选择:Eventually;alternative2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年高考卷对于形容词和副词的考查一直是重点和热点,主要考查:1.在语篇型填空和短文改错中的形容词和副词的句法功能;2.对形容词和副词的词性转换也是近几年高考考查的重点之一。
⾼考英语必备的形容词和副词1. immediate adj ⽴即的,⽴刻的,马上2. clear adj 清楚的,清晰的3.cautious adj ⼩⼼翼翼的4.vivid adj ⽣动的,逼真的5.exactly adv ①确切地,精确地②恰好地,正好地③ (⽤于答语)完全正确。
(的确这样)6.fortunately adv 幸运地7.surprisingly adv 令⼈惊讶的8.hardly adv ⼏乎不9.instead adv 代替,相反10. properly adv 适当地;正确地;恰当地11. specially adv 专门12.reliable adj 可靠的,可信赖的13.simply adv 简单地;仅仅,只不过ly adv 即,也就是15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near 远⾮,远远不,⼀点也不16.patient adj 耐⼼的;n 病⼈17.plain adj 简单的,朴素的18.familiar adj 熟悉的19.lucky adj 幸运的20.amazing adj 令⼈惊异的21.accidentally adv ①偶然地;意外地②附带地22.silent adj 沉默的23.calm adj 平静的,冷静的24.secret adj 秘密的25.otherwise adv 否则26.meanwhile adv 期间,同时27.besides adv 除…..以外还有28.efficient adj ⾼效的,有效的29. flexible adj 灵活的plex adj 复杂的31.smooth adj 平稳的,光滑的,顺利的 32.regularly adv 定期的,有规律的33.sensitive adj 敏感的,体贴的34.honest adj 诚实的35.confident adj ⾃信的36.shy adj 害羞的,羞涩的37.thoughtful adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的38.lighthearted and optimistic adj ⽆忧⽆虑⽽且⾮常乐观的39.nevertheless adj 然⽽40.private adj 私⼈的(private cars)41.personal adj 个⼈的(personal belongings)42.unique adj 唯⼀的,独⼀⽆⼆的;独特的43.favorable adj 赞同的,有利的44.precious adj 宝贵的,珍贵的45.essential adj 必要的,重要的46.worthwhile adj 值得的47.physical adj ⾝体的,物理的48.sudden adj 突然的49.merely adv 仅仅,只 =only50.rarely adv 罕见的51.splendidly adj 极好地,灿烂地52.increasingly adv 越来越多地53.naturally adv ⾃然地54.accurate adj 精确的,准确的55.ridiculous adj 可笑的,荒谬的56.urgent adj 紧急的,急迫的57.shallow adj 浅的,肤浅的58.frequently adv 经常地,频繁地59.especially adv 特别地,尤其地=particularly60.obviously adv 显⽽易见 =apparently61.necessarily adv 必要地,必须地,必然地62.generally adv ⼀般地,通常地63.eventually adv 最终,最后64.adoptable adv 可采⽤的,可收养的65.acceptable adj 可以接受的66.available adj 可利⽤的,可使⽤的,可得到的67.accessible adj 易接近的,易受影响的,可理解的68.relatively adv 相对地,⽐较地69.approximately adv⼤约70.absolutely adv 绝对正确地71.punctual adj 守时的72.gentle adj 温柔的73.neatly adv 整洁地74.entirely adv 完全地75.highly adv ⾼度地,⾮常地76.strongly adv 强烈地,坚固地77.extremely adv 极端地,⾮常78.reasonably adv 合乎情理地79.eagerly adv 热切地;渴望地80.badly adv 很,⾮常81.slightly adv 稍微,轻微地82.equally adv 平等地tely adv 最近84.enthusiastic adj 热情的;热烈的;热⼼的85.energetic adj 精⼒充沛的,有活⼒的86.talkative adj ①喜欢说话的②多嘴的③健谈的87.impressive adj 影象深刻的88.traditional adj 传统的89.practical adj 实践的,实际的90.similar adj 类似的,相似的91.convenient adj ⽅便的,便利的92.sooner or later 迟早,早晚93.more or less 或多或少,差不多,⼏乎94.once in a while 偶尔,时不时地95.now and then 偶尔,有时96. willingly adv 情愿地97. unexpectedly adv 出乎意料地98.unwillingly adv 不情愿地99. unforgettable adj 难忘的100.doubtful adj 可疑的;令⼈⽣疑的;疑⼼的;不能确定的101. hardly / scarcely adv ⼏乎不102. respectable adj 值得尊敬的103. respectful adj 恭敬的,有礼貌的104. distinguished adj 著名的;卓著的;⾼贵的105. complicated adj 难懂的,复杂的106. awkward/clumsy adj 尴尬的,笨拙的107. previous adj 以前的。
高考英语核心形容词副词一、严重的、严肃的、严格的、严酷的1.serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj.①严重的;严肃的;②认真的[e.g.] I am serious about this project.我很认真对待这个项目。
be serious about...严肃对待...;认真对待...serious damage 严重损害;严重损坏serious illness 重大疾病serious topic 严肃话题→ seriousness /ˈsɪəriəsnəs/ n.严重性;严肃;认真→ seriously /ˈsɪəriəsli/ adv.①严重地,恶劣地;②严肃地,认真地;take ...seriously 认真对待…2.severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj.①严重的(天气/事故);②严厉的(批评,惩罚)【名言谚语】Silence is sometimes the severest criticism.沉默有时是最严厉的批评。
severe punishment 严厉惩罚;从重处罚severe headache 严重的头痛severe weather conditions 恶劣的天气情况severe punishment/disease/shortage严厉惩罚/严重疾病/严重短缺→ severely /sɪˈvɪəli/ adv.严重地;严格地;严厉地3.strict /strɪkt/ adj.要求严格的,严厉的;strict rule/regulation/discipline 严格的规则/规章制度/纪律strict teacher/parent(s) 严格的教师/父(母)亲strict control 严格的控制→ strictly /ˈstrɪktli/ adv.严格地,严厉地;strictly speaking adv.严格地说;严格来说4.harsh /hɑːʃ/ adj.(环境)恶劣的,艰苦的;严厉的,残酷的harsh reality 严酷的现实;残酷的现实写作高分表达1.take ...into serious consideration 将...认真考虑2.be strict with sb.严格对待某人be strict about sth.严格对待某事3.be severe on/with sb./sth.对……严厉二、尴尬1.embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adj.感到尴尬的,窘迫的an embarrassed silence 难堪的沉默be/feel embarrassed by/about ...因……困窘(尤指在社交场合)→ embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adj.令人尴尬的,使人难堪的;→ embarrass /ɪmˈbærəs/ v.(使)尴尬,窘迫;使难堪,使为难;→ embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n.窘迫,难堪;使人为难的人或事物;2.awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/adj.令人尴尬的;笨拙的an awkward silence 一阵令人尴尬的沉默awkward questions 棘手的问题→ awkwardly adv.笨拙地;无技巧地→ awkwardness n.尴尬;笨拙1.difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj.困难的;棘手的2.inconvenient /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/ adj.不方便的3.clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/ adj.笨拙的4.ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj.尴尬的;羞愧的;羞耻的尴尬”的反义词fortable /ˈkʌmftəb(ə)l/ adj.舒适的2.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj.方便的3.handy /ˈhændi/adj.便利的;灵巧的三、好奇1.curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj.好奇的be curious about 对……感到好奇[e.g.]She was curious about the news.她对这个新闻感到好奇。
高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳一、形容词和副词的基本用法A.形容词:就是用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。
形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。
如:1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。
(形容词new作名词pen定语)2. These oranges taste ________. (全国卷)A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well【分析】答案选A。
系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。
3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________. (全国卷)A. openB. to be openedC. to openD. opening【分析】答案选A。
形容词open(开着的)作宾补,表示状态。
注意:不要选答案D,因为open是短暂性动词,不能表状态。
B.副词:就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。
副词在句中主要作状语。
如:It's raining heavily. 雨下得很大。
(副词heavily修饰谓语动词)It's a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。
(副词rather修饰形容词interesting)She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。
(副词very修饰副词well) This is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。
(副词just修饰what he said)注:here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语;here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。
A组2016~2014年各省市高考题(改编)1.(2016·全国Ⅱ,41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of________(great)and less importance.2.(2016·全国Ⅱ,阅读D)Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under________(freeze) water, in the damaged wooden ship.3.(2016·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .They were also the best and worse years in my life.________4.(2016·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.________5.(2016·全国Ⅲ,阅读D)By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and ________(far)than disasters and sob stories.6.(2016·北京,阅读D)It is not ________(surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.7.(2016·四川,阅读B)You can live a more ________(power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.8.(2016·四川,短文改错)At dinner, we said to Mom, “Happy Mother’s Day!”She was grateful and moving.________9.(2016·江苏,阅读C)In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either.Human children, on the other hand are extremely ________(cooperate).10.(2016·浙江,18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend________(many)events in the coming years.11.(2016·全国Ⅰ,63)From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.12.(2016·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)He hopes that his business will grow steady.________13.(2016·全国Ⅱ,45)Get an early start and try to be as productive________possible before lunch.14.(2016·全国Ⅲ,46)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.15.(2016·北京,阅读B)________(fortunate), Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed.16.(2016·北京,阅读C)They are ________(true) good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.17.(2016·四川,62)Chinese scientists________(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.18.(2016·江苏,阅读B)Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.Even chimp mothers________(regular) decline to share food with their children.19.(2016·浙江,12)When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut ________from the world.20.(2016·浙江,13)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ________ (special) if you are travelling at high speed.21.(2015·江苏,31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ________(comprehension)review of the case.22.(2015·浙江,14)Listening is thus an active, not a ________(passively), behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.23.(2015·湖北,27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be ________(punctually).24.(2015·湖北,28)I don't think what he said is ________(relevance)to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.25.(2015·四川,7)Andy is content with the toy.It is the ________(good)he has ever got.26.(2015·四川,9)Little Tom sat________(amaze)watching the monkey dancing in front of him.27.(2015·安徽,26)I'm so________(gratitude)to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.28.(2015·福建,23)It was ________ (consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.29.(2015·浙江,13)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former)alive.30.(2015·湖北,29)The girl used to be shy, but is ________(gradual)getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.31.(2015·安徽,31)They gave money to the old people's home either ________(personal)or through their companies.32.(2014·福建,24)With online shopping increasingly popular,the Internet is seen as a(n) ________(efficiency) way of reaching target customers.33.(2014·湖北,27)What was so ________(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.B组2016~2015模拟精选题1.(2016·广州六校联考)Some experts believe it’s a________(worry) trend.2.(2016·山西太原联考)He said if one________(real) wanted to know the society and the world, he should go out to see, to hear and to find out about the real life.3.(2016·江西红色七校联考)He sat down and started________(gentle) talking to the dog.4.(2016·河南六市三月联考)Students________(usual) take hobby classes in their free periods or after school.5.(2016·湖南四县联考)As I walked, I looked up, trying to realize what made this day so________(beauty).6.(2016·银川一中高三一模)It is natural that young people are often________(comfort) when they are with their parents.7.(2016·贵州黔南六校联考)The way we cook is important.In many countries,the two choices are ________(nature) gas or electric-powered stoves.8.(2016·大连二十中期中)Some professor says “a naked marriage” is in sharp contrast with China’s ________ (tradition) marriage customs.9.(2016·湖南浏阳一中期中)People are more spending than before,because they are ________(easy) attracted by the discount.10.(2015·南昌质检)This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ________(nature) course.11.(2015·大庆月考)That would be a very ________(reason) thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours.12.(2015·大连一中月考)He was a billionaire by the time he was 31 years old.________,there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even younger ages.13.(2015·泰安调研)And the passengers ________ (sudden) became friendly to one another.14.(2015·江西重点中学协作)Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is________ (clean) than ever.15.(2015·黑龙江双鸭山一中月考)That’s ________(absolute) unbelievable.16.(2015·内蒙古师大附中月考)I worked ________(hard) at my study than most of my classmates.17.(2015·河南八校联考)Oh,they don’t have dreams.But I have made ________my mind to achieve my dream.18.(2015·宁夏银川一中月考)I still feel that all children are the ________(great) joy I could ever have.19.(2015·甘肃兰州一中月考)It was my first time to go to the market,and I was ________(deep) impressed by what I saw in the market.20.(2015·山西太原五中月考)Even days after I reported the event to the police,they failed to ________(proper) solve this situation or even return my calls.21.(2015·广东揭阳一中、潮州金山中学联考)One such hot potato is taxes.Calling for ________(high) taxes can mean defeat for a politician.22.(2015·吉林一中月考)He was upright,loyal and highly respected.________,he was dismissed from office.23.(2015·广州海珠区摸底)A little way down the river from Lake Victoria,the water __________(actual) gets quite rough.24.(2015·山西太原五中模拟)This new usage of the term took off in September after a widely-shared joke about a rich,but ________ (happy) man.参考答案A组2016~2014年各省市高考题(改编)1.greater[考查形容词的比较级。