初中英语语法——形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

第1页 聪明在于勤奋，天才在于积累 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下

(1) 符合规则的：

(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：

原 级 比较级 最高级

good , well better best

bad , ill worse worst

many , much more most

little less least

far farther / further farthest / furthest

二、形容词和副词比较级的用法

级别 比较程度 表达方式和意义 例 句 备 注

原

级 同

等

程

度 肯

定

形

式 As+原级+as

(像……一样) Art is as interesting as music.

Play as well as you can.

否

定

形

式 not + so (as) +原级+as

(不如……那样) English is not so difficult as science.

She does not study so well as I do. 情 况 加 法 例 词

一 般 情 况 直接加 -er ; -est all-taller-tallest

以e结尾的词 加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest

以“辅音+y”结尾的词 变y为i再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest

heavy-heavier-heaviest

以一个辅音字母结尾的词 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest

多音节和部分双音节单词 在词前加 more ; most more delicious

most delicious 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

第2页 聪明在于勤奋，天才在于积累 比较级 不同程度

（用于两者比较）

比较级+than

(比……) Jim is older than Luky.

I like pork better than beef. 比较级前面可以加

much, far,

even, still,

a lot, a little,

a bit等

程度加深 比较级+and+比较级

（越来越……）

The +比较级，the +比较级

（越……, 越……） He is growing taller and taller.

He studies better and better.

The more books she reads, the better

she understand.

最高级 最高程度

（用于三者或三者以上） The +最高级+of (in)

(最……) Spring is the best season of the year.

Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 副词最高级前面的the

往往省略

注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。

例题解析

1. He is ________ friends than I.

A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more

解析： 后面有可数名词复数时， many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。 应选B.

2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?

A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing

解析： 两者比较用比较级， 表示"发达"用 developed, 而developing 是 "发展中的" 意思

3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.

A. little B. few C. fewer D. less

解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C.

4. If you are not free today, come another day __________.

A. too B. so C. instead D. yet

解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.

5．He can't tell us ________, I think.

A. important anything B. anything important

C. important something D. something important.

解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B

6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country.

A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest

解析："定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 " 表示"第几大……" 应选C.

7. The light in the office wasn't ________for him to read.

A. enough bright B. bright enough C. brightly D. enough brightly

解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选B. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

第3页 聪明在于勤奋，天才在于积累 8. There was an accident at the corner. ________, the girl wasn't _________hurt.

A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strongly

解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词， 因此选A.

9. You must keep your eyes _________ when you do eye exercises.

A. close B. open C. closed D., opened

解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。 应选C.

10. Five days has passed , but I haven't finished half of the work. ________,

A. already B. still C. too D. yet

解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句，而yet 常用与否定句。应选D.

三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法

（1）和冠词连用

the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物

the ＋ 形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two

a/ an ＋形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one.

( a) ＋most＋形容词最高级 “非常…” eg. a most beautiful city

( 2 ) 相关结构

1) 原级比较：肯定句 as….as…., 否定句not so / as….as…..

2) 比较句：比较级 ＋than….或more (less) ….than…..

The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词that的用法)

3) 比较级＋ and＋比较级 或 more and more＋比较级 “越来越… ”

richer and richer, more and more interesting

4) The more….., the more…..“越…，越…”

The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it.

5) 比较级 ＋than any other ＋n.（单） （适用于范围一致时）

(all) other ＋n.（复）

any ＋n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时）

He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class.

any student in my class.

6) 倍数表达法。

A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.

A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.

A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.

用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.

The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.

这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。

Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。

Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。