2018年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2018年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Vocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Writing 5. Structure and

Rhetorie

Vocabulary

1． Technological change will continue to pose______challenges to labor

markets across economies, just as it has in the past.

A．momentary

B．momental

C．momentum

D．momentous

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。momentary意为“短暂的，瞬息的”。momental意为“动量的，力矩的”。momentum为名词，意为“势头；动力”。momentous意为“重大的，重要的，关键的”。根据空格后的challenges可判断，“重大挑战”符合语义，故答案为[D]项。

2． An efficient system that centers on patients is essential for the sustainability

of healthcare in the country, given ballooning expenses caused by factors such as a

rapidly aging population with increased incidence of ______ disease.

A．chronic

B．cronical

C．chronicle

D．chronological

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。chronic意为“(疾病)慢性的”；chronicle是名词，意为“编年(史)”；chronological意为“按时间顺序的”。由空格后的disease可知，“慢性病”符合句意，故答案为[A]项。

3． Online discussions and______are not enough to deal with the problems of

bike sharing, which range from illegal parking and rising maintenance costs to

vandalism.

A．censors

B．censures

C．census

D．consensus

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据空前的and判断，所填词应与discussions同为名词且含义有相关性。四个选项中，只有censure(谴责、斥责)符合语义，故[B]项为答案。censor意为“(书信或媒体的)审查官，监察员”。census意为“(官方的)统计；人口普查”。consensus意为“一致同意，共识”。

4． The local economy relies too much on a few sectors—particularly the

financial and real-estate sectors, which has in turn helped______the city’s wealth gap

and resulted in slower upward social mobility for young people.

A．alleviate

B．aggregate

C．aggravate

D．aggrandize

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查动词辨析。wealth gap(贫富差距)越大，upward social

mobility(向社会上层流动的机会)就越小，故所填词应表示“加大”，且可修饰wealth gap。aggrarate(使加重，使恶化)符合语义，故[C]项为答案。alleviate意为“减轻，缓解(痛苦等)”。aggregate意为“(使)聚集；总计”。aggrandize意为“抬高(地位)，扩大，夸大”。

5． Biologists say they______and damage aquatic vegetation with their

voracious feeding, leaving less food and cover for other waterfowl and fish.

A．deplore

B．deploy

C．deplete

D．replete

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查动词辨析。结合题意与空后的and damage判断，所填词含义与damage相近，只有deplete((大量)减少，消耗，使枯竭)符合要求，故[C]项为答案。deplore意为“公开谴责，强烈反对”；deploy意为“利用，部署，调度”；replete为形容词，意为“充足的，吃饱喝足的”。

6． Crude futures will bring about many things—an important tool of price

discovery, hedging, risk______ and arbitrage—for commodity producers, operators

and domestic market speculators.

A．aversion

B．subversion

C．perversion

D．emersion

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查名词辨析。分析句子结构可知，所填词与risk构成搭配，且

与price discovery，hedging，arbitrage并列，用于解释说明原油期货带来的影响。risk aversion意为“风险规避”，故答案为[A]项。subversion意为“(对政府或政治体系的)颠覆，(对现有制度的)暗中破坏”。perversion意为“颠倒，歪曲”。emersion意为“出现；再现”。

7． If the fines imposed on enterprises for not using treatment facilities continue

to be lower than the cost of u-sing them, it is unrealistic to expect those enterprises to

abide by the emission standards of their own______.

A．volition

B．volitation

C．abolition

D．demolition

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据句意判断，如果针对企业不使用处理设施设定的罚款继续低于使用成本，那么让企业自愿遵守排放标准是不现实的。volition意为“自愿选择，出于自愿”，符合语义，故[A]项为答案。volitation意为“飞翔，飞跃”；abolition意为“(法律等)废除，废止”；demolition意为“(建筑物的)摧毁，爆破”。

8． Fixed-asset investment grew 7. 3 percent______in the first 10 months of this

year, down from 7. 5 percent for the January-September period.

A．year by year

B．year on year

C．year after year

D．yearly

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查短语辨析。根据in the first 10 months of this year可推测，在此讲的是“今年前10个月与前一年前10个月比较”，即“同比”，故year on year((统计数字、价格等)与前一年同期比较)符合语义，[B]项为答案。year by year意为“一年一年地，按年计算的”，相当于yearly；year after year意为“年年，每年”。

9． The committee collects the latest information of industry experts, business

elites, and the local experience of editors as reference and provides______and

valuable traveling message to business travelers.

A．solicitous

B．ferocious

C．vicarious

D．veracious

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的and valuable判断，所填形容词与valuable并列修饰traveling message，且根据空前“该委员会收集行业专家、

商业精英的最新信息，以及当地编辑的经验作为参考”判断，vicarious(从他人经验中获得的，间接感受到的)符合语义，故[C]项为答案。solicitous意味“关切的，关怀的”。ferocious意为“(感情)强烈的；凶猛的，具有攻击性的”。veracious意为“诚实的，说实话的”。

10． While mobile payment is already______on the Chinese mainland, scanning

a code with a smartphone to pay for a product or service wasn’t a popular option for

Hong Kong people until lately.

A．oblivious

B．obliterated

C．ambivalent

D．ubiquitous

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。分析句子结构可知，句首的while引导让步状语，两个分句间是转折关系，因此，所填形容词意思与wasn’t popular相反。ubiquitous(十分普遍的，无所不在的)符合语义，故[D]项为答案。oblivious意为“未注意到的，未觉察的”；obliterated是obliterate的过去分词形式，作形容词，意为“涂掉的，擦掉的；消失的；忘掉的”；ambivalent意为“表现出或感到矛盾的”。

11． The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has natural cultural and emotional links

due to the geological location. Economic, social and cultural exchanges

with______areas are necessary for further development.

A．peripheral

B．periphery

C．perpetual

D．perceptual

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。peripheral意为“周边的，外围的”；periphery是名词，意为“外围，边缘”；perpetual意为“不间断的，无休止的”；perceptual意为“知觉的，感知的”。根据空后的area可判断，“周边地区”符合题意，故答案为[A]项。