中国文化特色词汇三种原文

中国传统文化词汇英语Title: Embracing Chinese Traditional Cultural Vocabulary in EnglishChinese culture, rich and diverse, has long been a source of inspiration and fascination for people across the globe. Embedding its profound traditions and values into the English language is not only a testament to its global influence but also a means of preserving and promoting cultural exchange. This article explores various Chinese traditional cultural vocabulary and their English equivalents, highlighting their significance and unique contributions to the global cultural landscape.At the heart of Chinese culture lies the concept of "harmony," often translated as "harmony" or "concord" in English. This idea, encapsulated in the phrase "he xie," emphasizes the balance and unity of all things. It finds expression in various aspects of Chinese life, from the layout of traditional architecture to the principles of martial arts. Harmony, as a cultural ideal, promotes mutual respect and understanding, serving as a guiding principle in interpersonal relationships and societal interactions.Another cornerstone of Chinese culture is the concept of "respect for elders," known as "zun zhang" in Chinese. This veneration of age and wisdom is deeply ingrained in Chinese society, reflecting a respect for tradition and a belief in the value of experience. The English equivalent, "respect for elders," captures the essence of this cultural practice, which is expressed through various customs and traditions, such as bowing to elders and observingseniority in social gatherings.The Chinese concept of "face" or "mian zi" is another integral part of its cultural vocabulary. This term refers to one's dignity, reputation, and social standing, and it plays a crucial role in interpersonal relationships. In English, the closest equivalent might be "dignity" or "prestige," but these terms do not fully capture the nuances of "mian zi." It is a complex construct that involves maintaining a positive public image, avoiding embarrassment or shame, and upholding personal and familial honor.Chinese art and literature are also rich repositories of cultural vocabulary. Terms like "gong bi" (a traditionalChinese painting technique) and "shanshui" (landscape painting) reflect the aesthetic preferences andphilosophical ideals of Chinese artists. In English, these terms are often translated as "meticulous brushwork" and "landscape painting," respectively, preserving the essenceof their artistic expressions.Furthermore, Chinese festivals and celebrations are an integral part of its cultural heritage. The Spring Festival, known as "Chun Jie" in Chinese, is the most significant holiday, celebrated with family reunions, feasting, and fireworks. In English, it is commonly referred to as the "Chinese New Year," a term that captures the essence of the celebration while acknowledging its cultural significance. Other festivals like the Mid-Autumn Festival and DragonBoat Festival also have their unique English equivalents, promoting cultural understanding and appreciation.In conclusion, embedding Chinese traditional cultural vocabulary into the English language is a testament to the richness and diversity of Chinese culture. These terms,while sometimes difficult to translate exactly, areessential for promoting cultural understanding andappreciation. As the world becomes more interconnected, it is crucial to preserve and promote the unique contributions of various cultures, including the profound traditions and values of Chinese culture. By embracing these cultural vocabularies in English, we can foster a deeper understanding and respect for the rich tapestry of human cultural expression.。

CONTENTS1.Acupuncture -----A mysterious treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine2.Buddhism --- A spiritual sustenance from the old India.3.Confucius 孔子--- The great tutor of Chinese emperors.4.Dragon 龙--- A legendary animal and a unique symbol of the Huaxia nationality.5.Emperor 皇帝--- The King of kings and lord of lords.6.Festivals 节日--- A season for singing and dancing together.7.Garden 园林--- A wonderful paradise on earth for scholars.8.Heaven 天道---At fifty, I began to understand the mandate of heaven.9.Imperial Palace 故宫--- Spectacular buildings as a symbol of imperial power.10.Journey to Chinese Cuisine 中国烹饪--- Not just a story about food.11.Kung Fu 功夫--- The crystallizations of Chinese nation’s wisdom and culture.o Zi and Taoism 老子和道教---Native-born religion with an all-embracing culture.13.Moon 月亮--- A cosmic fairy in Chinese people’s hearts.14. Name and Ancestor Admiration --- A remote secret of a family.15.Opera 戏剧--- The exquisite works of Chinese folk art forms.16．Paintings 绘画--- Reflection in Chinese’s mind.17.QishiHuang 秦始皇--- The First Emperor opened a new united era.18.Romance of the three Kindoms 三国演义--- Both feats and failures turn into emptiness in aflash19.Silk Road 丝绸之路--- An important line of communications Trans-Asia continent.20.Tea Culture 茶文化--- an indispensable part of the life of a Chinese。

中国传统文化词汇中国主要传统节日Traditional Chinese Festivals:1. 春节(农历一月一日)the Spring Festival2. 除夕(农历十二月三十日) the New Year's Eve3. 中秋节(农历八月十五) the Mid-AutumnFestival4. 元宵节(农历一月十五日)the Lantern Festival5. 端午节(农历五月初五)the Dragon Boat Festival6. 清明节(4月5日) the Qingming Festival; theTomb-Sweeping Day7. 重阳节(农历九月九日) the Double NinthFestival8. 元旦(1月1日) New Year's Day新年习俗New Year customs:过年celebrate the Spring Festival拜年pay a New Year visit ; give New Year's greetings; pay a New Year's call 看春节联欢晚会watch the CCTV New Year's Gala贴春联put up/ paste Spring Festival couplets; put up New Year scrolls串亲戚pay a New Year visit to relatives and friends逛庙会go to the temple fair看花灯watch flower lanterns放鞭炮set off firecrackers; let off firecrackers放烟花set off fireworks春联the Spring Festival couplets中国主要传统文化Traditional Chinese culture:剪纸papercut/paper-cut中国结Chinese knot风筝kite脸谱facial mask京剧Beijing Opera/Peking Opera汉字Chinese character筷子chopsticks中国功夫Kung fu中国传统戏曲Chinese traditional opera传统中国建筑traditional Chinese architecture纪念品souvenir北京著名景点Places of interest in Beijing:南锣鼓巷NanluoguxiangHutong；Nanluoguxiang帽儿胡同MaoerHutong故宫the Forbidden City/the Palace Museum/the ImperialPalace颐和园the Summer Palace圆明园the Yuanmingyuan Park长城the Great Wall天安门广场Tian’anmen Square天坛the Temple of Heaven鸟巢the Bird Nest水立方the Water Cube香山the Fragrant Hill国家博物馆the National Museum of China首都博物馆the Capital Museum王府井大街Wangfujing Street老舍茶馆Laoshe Teahouse北京小吃Beijing snacks:饺子jiaozi; dumplings包子steamed stuffed buns面条noodles炸酱面Beijing fried sauce noodles；Beijing noodles with fried bean and meat sauce年糕rice cake; new year cake；Niangao火锅hot pot北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck中国传统文化作文范文:1.要求：某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。

中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译汉语 2000字中文是一种博大精深的语言，有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。

而中国传统文化中的特色词语更是凝聚了中华民族的智慧和精髓，是中华文化的瑰宝。

下面将介绍一些中国传统文化的特色词语，并进行汉维翻译。

1.儒家思想：儒家思想是中国古代的一种哲学思想，主张仁爱、礼义、忠信、廉耻等道德伦理观念，提倡礼仪文明、孝悌忠信、君臣义务等传统道德标准。

2.道家思想：道家思想是中国古代的一种哲学思想，主张“无为而治”、“返璞归真”，提倡自然无为、隐逸清心、超然物外等思想观念。

3.儒道合一：儒道合一是一种哲学思想，融合了儒家与道家思想，注重修养修身，追求圣贤之道。

4.文化传统：指口口相传的传统文化内容，是中华民族多年来形成的历史传统、道德规范、文学艺术、社会风俗、民族风情等。

5.礼仪文明：指社会礼节、礼貌待人、行为规范，是中华传统文化的重要组成部分。

6.儒雅风采：指具有儒家风范和高雅风采的举止态度和修养品质。

7.传统美德：指中华传统文化中受到推崇的美德品质，如孝悌忠信、仁义礼智信等。

8.中华经典：指中国传统典籍，如《易经》、《大学》、《中庸》等经典著作。

9.国粹传承：指中国国粹文化的传承和发展，弘扬中华传统文化。

10.民族风情：指中国民族特有的风土人情、民俗风情和民族文化特色。

二、汉维翻译1.儒家思想：儒家思想ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ3.儒道合一：儒道合一ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ4.文化传统：文化传统ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ5.礼仪文明：礼仪文明ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ6.儒雅风采：儒雅风采ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ7.传统美德：传统美德ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ 8.中华经典：中华经典ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ9.国粹传承：国粹传承ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ10.民族风情：民族风情ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ。

【中国文化相关素材】中国特色文化词汇超全总结四大名著《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游记》Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions经典作品《史记》Historical Records《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《孝经》Book of Filial Piety《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三字经》The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio近现代佳作《围城》Fortress Besieged《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q《吾国吾民》My Country and My People《京华烟云》Moment in Peking《骆驼祥子》Rickshaw《茶馆》Teahouse《边城》The Border Town《倾城之恋》Love in a Fallen City《十八春》Eighteen Springs四书五经四书五经The Four Books and The Five Classics 1、四书the Four Books《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius/The Works of Mencius2、五经The Five Classics《春秋》the Spring and Autumn Annals《诗经》The Book of Songs;The Book of Odes 《易经》(《周易》)I Ching;The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《尚书》(《书经》)The Book of History传统节日十二生肖the twelve Chinese zodiac signs本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the12 Terrestrial Branches传统节日traditional holidays春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Pure Brightness Festival/theTomb-sweeping Day端午节the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节the Moon Festival/the Mid-Autumn Day重阳节the Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day文化遗产重要文化遗产major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts文物cultural relics中国画traditional Chinese painting书法calligraphy水墨画Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting 工笔traditional Chinese realistic painting中国结Chinese knot旗袍Cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装traditional Chinese garments(clothing);Tang suit艺术词汇文人men of letters雅士refined scholars表演艺术performing art现代流行艺术popular art;pop art纯艺术high art高雅艺术refined art电影艺术cinematographic art戏剧艺术theatrical art才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies天干地支阳历solar calendar公历Gregorian calendar阴历lunar calendar天干heavenly stem地支earthly branch闰年leap year二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms民间传说folklores寓言fable传说legend神话mythology古为今用，洋为中用make the pastserve the present and the foreign serve china赋诗inscribe a poem对对联matching an antithetical couplet中国瑰宝习武健身practice martial art for fitness气功qigong;deep breathing exercises篆刻seal cutting upriteous工艺,手艺workmanship;craftsmanship卷轴scroll蜡染batik泥人clay figure漆画lacquer painting唐三彩Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne文房四宝The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study——a writing brush,anink stick,an ink stone and paper.戏剧文化皮影戏shadow play;leather-silhouette show说书story-telling叠罗汉make a human pyramid折子戏opera highlights踩高跷stilt walk哑剧pantomime;mime哑剧演员pantomimist戏剧小品skit马戏circus show单口相声monologue comic talk;stand up comedy特技表演stunt相声witty dialogue comedy;comic cross talk杂技acrobatics京韵大鼓the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment秦腔Shaanxi opera国粹术语生(男性正面角色)male(the positive male role)旦(女性正面角色)female(the positive female role)净(性格鲜明的男性配角)a supporting male role with striking character丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色)a clown or a negative role花脸painted role歌舞喜剧musical滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头shtick京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask汉语言汉字Chinese character单音节single syllable汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters阳平level tone阴平rising tone上声falling-rising tone去声falling tone五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave八股文eight-part essay;stereotyped writing中国意念词八卦trigram阴、阳yin,yang道Dao(cf.logo)江湖(世界)the jianghu World(the traits’world)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang(Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty;anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperityand chaos to decline中国新兴事物Newly Sprouted Things中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路the Beijing-Kowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy HousingProject扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign中国特色传统饮食馄饨wonton锅贴guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples,etc.)火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure ricepudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd中华民族喜庆节日国庆节National Day儿童节Children's Day妇女节Women's Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers'Day五四青年节Youth Day。

英语四六级翻译新题型冲刺必背中国文化特色词风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 Duanwu Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy中药 traditional Chinese medicine《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic 《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feeling the pulse五禽戏 five-animal exercises旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty汉朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty 明朝 Ming Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太监 court eunuch少数民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions战国 the Warring States中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xi"an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan 毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong孙中山 Sun Yat-sen蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek国民党 Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People's Republic of China (PRC)满族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人 poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会词汇多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会People's Congress Standing Committee 法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire"走出去"（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideologicaleducation毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update one's knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育"211 工程" the "211 Project" for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers' college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育 quality-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生 extern; non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生graduating student; current year's graduate校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 应试教育 exam-oriented education职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics 爷己者招待会press conference国家教委 State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲 functional illiterate智力引进recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物 online shopping高产优质 high yield and high quality高科技园 high-tech park工业园区 industrial park火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port信息革命 information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)生物技术 bio-technology克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering转基因食品genetically modified food (GMfood)试管婴儿 test-tube baby基因哭变 genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影 three-dimensional movie光谷 optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化 informationization信息高速公路 information superhighway新兴学科new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米 nanometer个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture 技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 数码科技 digital technology同步卫星 geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite登月舱 lunar module多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)电子商务 e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)信息高地 information highland信息检索 information retrieval电话会议 teleconference无土栽培 soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程 national key projects南水北调 South-to-North water diversion西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣 fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service公司歇业 closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes 生态系统 ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统marine ecosystem垄断价格 to monopolize the price垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限行odd-even license plate system黑名单制度 a blacklist system执业医师practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术 anti-forgery technology非法交易 illegal transaction冒名顶替 identification fraud洗钱 money laundering挂失 to report the loss补办 to re-apply/post-register户籍 household registration居住证 residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位 water level低洼地区 low-lying areas淹没农田 to inundate crops大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统 emergency response system闯红灯 running red light遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates扣分处罚point penalty酒驾 drunk driving终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving。

常用的中国文化特色英译词汇风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival travel把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character forluck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sou nds like arrival) and put it on your door to bringin good fortune for the new y ear庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞狮：lion dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。

Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially import ant for LunarNew Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。

【三教】儒教、道教、佛教【九流】儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家【三皇】伏羲、女娲、神农【五帝】太皞、炎帝、黄帝、少皞、颛顼【三山】安徽黄山、江西庐山、浙江雁荡山【五岳】〖中岳〗河南嵩山、〖东岳〗山东泰山、〖西岳〗陕西华山、〖南岳〗湖南衡山、〖北岳〗山西恒山【五湖】鄱阳湖〖江西〗、洞庭湖〖湖南〗、太湖〖江苏〗、洪泽湖〖江苏〗、巢湖〖安徽〗【四海】渤海、黄海、东海、南海【三清】元始天尊〖清微天玉清境〗、灵宝天尊〖禹余天上清境〗、道德天尊〖大赤天太清境〗【四御】昊天金阙无上至尊玉皇大帝、中天紫微北极大帝、勾陈上宫天后皇大帝、承天效法土皇地祗【四大佛教名山】浙江普陀山〖观音菩萨〗、山西五台山〖文殊菩萨〗、四川峨眉山〖普贤菩萨〗、安徽九华山〖地藏王菩萨〗【四大道教名山】湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山【五行】金、木、水、火、土【八卦】乾〖天〗、坤〖地〗、震〖雷〗、巽〖风〗、坎〖水〗、离〖火〗、艮〖山〗、兑〖沼〗【十八罗汉】布袋罗汉、长眉罗汉、芭蕉罗汉、沉思罗汉、伏虎罗汉、过江罗汉、欢喜罗汉、降龙罗汉、静坐罗汉、举钵罗汉、开心罗汉、看门罗汉、骑象罗汉、探手罗汉、托塔罗汉、挖耳罗汉、笑狮罗汉、坐鹿罗汉【十八层地狱】[第一层]泥犁地狱、[第二层]刀山地狱、[第三层]沸沙地狱、[第四层]沸屎地狱、[第五层]黑身地狱、[第六层]火车地狱、[第七层]镬汤地狱、[第八层]铁床地狱、[第九层]盖山地狱、[第十层]寒冰地狱、[第十一层]剥皮地狱、[第十二层]畜生地狱、[第十三层]刀兵地狱、[第十四层]铁磨地狱、[第十五层]寒冰地狱、[第十六层]铁册地狱、[第十七层]蛆虫地狱、[第十八层]烊铜地狱【五脏】心、肝、脾、肺、肾【六腑】胃、胆、三焦、膀胱、大肠、小肠【四书】《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《孟子》【五经】《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》【八股文】破题、承题、起讲、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股【六子全书】《老子》、《庄子》、《列子》、《荀子》、《扬子法言》、《文中子中说》【汉字六书】象形、指事、形声、会意、转注、假借【书法九势】落笔、转笔、藏峰、藏头、护尾、疾势、掠笔、涩势、横鳞竖勒【竹林七贤】嵇康、刘伶、阮籍、山涛、阮咸、向秀、王戎【饮中八仙】李白、贺知章、李适之、李琎、崔宗之、苏晋、张旭、焦遂【蜀之八仙】容成公、李耳、董促舒、张道陵、严君平、李八百、范长生、尔朱先生【扬州八怪】郑板桥、汪士慎、李鱓、黄慎、金农、高翔、李方鹰、罗聘【北宋四大家】黄庭坚、欧阳修、苏轼、王安石【唐宋古文八大家】韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩【十三经】《易经》、《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《仪礼》、《公羊传》、《榖梁传》、《左传》、《孝经》、《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》【四大民间传说】《牛郎织女》、《孟姜女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《白蛇与许仙》【四大文化遗产】《明清档案》、《殷墟甲骨》、《居延汉简》、《敦煌经卷》【元代四大戏剧】关汉卿《窦娥冤》、王实甫《西厢记》、汤显祖《牡丹亭》、洪升《长生殿》【晚清四大谴责小说】李宝嘉《官场现形记》、吴沃尧《二十年目睹之怪现状》、刘鹗《老残游记》、曾朴《孽海花》【六礼】冠、婚、丧、祭、乡饮酒、相见【六艺】礼、乐、射、御、书、数【六义】风、赋、比、兴、雅、颂【十恶】谋反、谋大逆、谋叛、谋恶逆、不道、大不敬、不孝、不睦、不义、内乱【五彩】青、黄、赤、白、黑【五音】宫、商、角、徵、羽【七宝】金、银、琉璃、珊瑚、砗磲、珍珠、玛瑙【九宫】正宫、中吕宫、南吕宫、仙吕宫、黄钟宫、大面调、双调、商调、越调【七大艺术】绘画、音乐、雕塑、戏剧、文学、建筑、电影【四大名瓷窑】河北的瓷州窑、浙江的龙泉窑、江西的景德镇窑、福建的德化窑【四大名旦】梅兰芳、程砚秋、尚小云、荀慧生【八旗】镶黄、正黄、镶白、正白、镶红、正红、镶蓝、正蓝【八仙】铁拐李、钟离权、张果老、吕洞宾、何仙姑、蓝采和、韩湘子、曹国舅【七情】喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲【五常】仁、义、礼、智、信【五伦】君臣、父子、兄弟、夫妇、朋友【三姑】尼姑、道姑、卦姑【六婆】牙婆、媒婆、师婆、虔婆、药婆、稳婆【九属】玄孙、曾孙、孙、子、身、父、祖父、曾祖父、高祖父【五谷】稻、黍、稷、麦、豆【中国八大菜系】四川菜、湖南菜、山东菜、江苏菜、浙江菜、广东菜、福建菜、安徽菜【配药七方】大方、小方、缓方、急方、奇方、偶方、复方【五岭】越城岭、都庞岭、萌诸岭、骑田岭、大庾岭【四大名桥】广济桥、赵州桥、洛阳桥、卢沟桥【四大名园】颐和园〖北京〗、避暑山庄〖河北承德〗、拙政园〖江苏苏州〗、留园〖江苏苏州〗【四大名刹】灵岩寺〖山东长清〗、国清寺〖浙江天台〗、玉泉寺〖湖北江陵〗、栖霞寺〖江苏南京〗【四大名楼】岳阳楼〖湖南岳阳〗、黄鹤楼〖湖北武汉〗、滕王阁〖江西南昌〗、大观楼〖云南昆明〗【四大名亭】醉翁亭〖安徽滁县〗、陶然亭〖北京先农坛〗、爱晚亭〖湖南长沙〗、湖心亭〖杭州西湖〗【四大古镇】景德镇〖江西〗、佛山镇〖广东〗、汉口镇〖湖北〗、朱仙镇〖河南〗【四大碑林】西安碑林〖陕西西安〗、孔庙碑林〖山东曲阜〗、地震碑林〖四川西昌〗、南门碑林〖台湾高雄〗【四大名塔】嵩岳寺塔〖河南登封嵩岳寺〗、飞虹塔〖山西洪洞广胜寺〗、释迦塔〖山西应县佛宫寺〗、千寻塔〖云南大理崇圣寺〗【四大石窟】莫高窟〖甘肃敦煌〗、云岗石窟〖山西大同〗、龙门石窟〖河南洛阳〗、麦积山石窟〖甘肃天水〗【四大书院】白鹿洞书院〖江西庐山〗、岳麓书院〖湖南长沙〗、嵩阳书院〖河南嵩山〗、应天书院〖河南商丘〗【四大名绣】苏绣〖苏州〗、湘绣〖湖南〗、蜀绣〖四川〗、广绣〖广东〗【四大名扇】檀香扇〖江苏〗、火画扇〖广东〗、竹丝扇〖四川〗、绫绢扇〖浙江〗【四大名花】牡丹〖山东菏泽〗、水仙〖福建漳州〗、菊花〖浙江杭州〗、山茶〖云南昆明〗【十大名茶】西湖龙井〖浙江杭州西湖区〗、碧螺春〖江苏吴县太湖的洞庭山碧螺峰〗、信阳毛尖〖河南信阳车云山〗、君山银针〖湖南岳阳君山〗、六安瓜片〖安徽六安和金寨两县的齐云山〗、黄山毛峰〖安徽歙县黄山〗、祁门红茶〖安徽祁门县〗、都匀毛尖〖贵州都匀县〗、铁观音〖福建安溪县〗、武夷岩茶〖福建崇安县〗【十二生肖】〖中国〗子鼠、丑牛、寅虎、卯兔、辰龙、巳蛇、午马、未羊、申猴、酉鸡、戌狗、亥猪。

宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon godd ess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets 拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者：未知文章来源：转载点击数：1300 时间：2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。

一．中国古代传统文化翻译1. 传统词汇刺绣：embroidery剪纸：Paper Cutting书法：Calligraphy对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle战国：Warring States风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen铁饭碗：Iron Bowl /well-paid job集体舞：Group Dance红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day结婚证：Marriage Certificate儒家文化：Confucian Culture附属学校：Affiliated school元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling一国两制：One Country, Two Systems火锅：Hot Pot《诗经》：The Book of Songs素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics孟子：Mencius亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises火药：gunpowder农历：Lunar Calendar京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera太极拳：Tai Chi独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand春卷：Spring Roll(s)追星族：Star Struck故宫博物院：The Palace Museum相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue下岗：Lay off/Laid off北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao文化大革命：Cultural Revolution门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match中外合资企业：Joint Ventures文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"四大名著the Four Great Classical Novels《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins 《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions ; The story of the Stone2.中国意念词八卦trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty3.中华民族的喜庆节日国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day五四青年节 Youth Day重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival清明节：Tomb sweeping day4.中国独特的传统饮食馄饨 wonton花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd5.中国新兴事物中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project 希望工程 Project Hope扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project西部大开发 Go-West Campaign6.特有的一些汉语词汇噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）7.具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment8.中国古代独特事物宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age9.近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments借调 temporarily transfer渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation state西部大开发 Development of the West Regions可持续性发展 sustainable development风险投资 risk investment通货紧缩 deflation扩大内需 to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI ) 网络空间 cyberspace虚拟现实 virtual reality网民 netizen ( net citizen )电脑犯罪 computer crime电子商务 the e-business网上购物 shopping online应试教育 exam-oriented education学生减负 to reduce study load总裁助理assistant president综合治理comprehensive treatment安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based; informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel素质教育education for all-round development通货紧缩deflation扩大内需to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )下海plunge into the commercial sea下网off line小康之家well-off family; comfortably-off family新秀up-and-coming star, rising star新新人类New Human Being ; X Generation形象小姐image representative of a product or a brand虚拟网virtual net学生处students" affairs division研究生毕业证/学位证graduate diploma/graudate degree"sdiploma摇钱树cash cow以人为本people oriented; people foremost义务教育compulsory education易拉罐pop can应试教育examination-oriented education system舆论导向direction of public opinion运球dribble在职博士生on-job doctorate早恋puppy love招生就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office 证券营业部stock exchange; security exchange知识产权intellectual property rights中专生secondary specialized or technical school student 中流砥柱mainstay, chief corner stone专卖店exclusive agency; franchised store自我保护意识self-protection awareness综合国力comprehensive national strength综合业务数字网integrated service digital network (ISDN) 公正、公平、公开just, fair and open好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster黄金时段prime time假唱lip-synch劲射power shot拉拉队cheering squad来电显示电话机caller ID telephone论文答辩(thesis) oral defense泡沫经济bubble economy票贩子scalper, ticket tout拳头产品competitive products; knock-out products;blockbuster三角恋爱love triangle三维动画片three-dimensional animation"扫黄"/"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications申办奥运会bid for the Olympic Games实现中华民伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation市场疲软sluggish market素质教育education for all-around development筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment脱贫致富cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity网吧Internet bar网恋online love affair网上冲浪surf the Internet网上交易平台online trading platform无人售票self-service ticketing二．中国古代特色产品介绍1.酒是中国人生活中的重要饮料之一。