帧中继网络中配置OSPF
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默认情况下帧中继网络是无法运行OSPF协议的,为什么?【原因】:帧中继(fram-relay)网络属于非广播型多路访问,而OSPF协议规定路由器之间的Hello包是通过组播来传输(组播也属于非广播类型)因此帧中继上默认情况是无法运行OSPF协议的。
下面有4种解决方法:•方法一,手工设置ospf网络类型为广播型,在指定fram-relay map时设置为broadcast(Fram-relay 广播)•方法二,默认非广播类型,使用neighbor手工指定邻居,并且手工指定DR为中心路由器(fram-relay非广播)•方法三,手工设置OSPF网络类型为:点到多点型广播型,在指定fram-relay map时设置为broadcast(fram-relay 点对多点广播)•方法四:手工设置OSPF网络类型为:点到多点非广播,使用neighbor 手工指定邻居(fram-relay 点对多点非广播)再看解决方法之前,先理解以下内容1.OSPF中的“neighbor” 可以手动指定邻居路由器的IP地址,使得它不用组播也能和邻居交换路由信息。
2.哪些网络需要选举DR,哪些网络不用选举DRDLCI 号将广播分组分送给所映射的路由器【实验拓扑】:中心-分支帧中继网络拓扑结构•方法一,手工设置ospf网络类型为广播型,在指定fram-relay map时设置为broadcastR1:interface L0ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network broadcastframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 104 broadcastframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 105 broadcast!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R4:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 4.0.0.4 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network broadcastip ospf priority 0frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 401 broadcastframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 401no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R5:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 5.0.0.5 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.5 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network broadcastip ospf priority 0frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 501 broadcastframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 501no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0•方法二,默认非广播类型,使用neighbor手工指定邻居,并且手工指定DR为中心路由器R1:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 104frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 105!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0neighbor 10.0.0.4neighbor 10.0.0.5R4:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 4.0.0.4 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf priority 0frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 401frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 401no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R5:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 5.0.0.5 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.5 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf priority 0frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 501frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 501no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0•方法三,手工设置OSPF网络类型为:点到多点型广播型,在指定fram-relay map时设置为broadcastR1:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 104 broadcastframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 105 broadcast!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R4:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 4.0.0.4 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 401 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R5:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 5.0.0.5 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.5 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipointframe-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 501 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0•方法四:手工设置OSPF网络类型为:点到多点非广播,使用neighbor 手工指定邻居R1:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 104frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.5 105!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0neighbor 10.0.0.5neighbor 10.0.0.4R4:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 4.0.0.4 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 401no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0R5:interface Ethernet0/0ip address 5.0.0.5 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0/0ip address 10.0.0.5 255.0.0.0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 501no frame-relay inverse-arp!router ospf 1network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0。