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8D-8 Disci Plines，即解决问题的8个步骤与原则(8D Process).G8D-Global 8 Disciplines，G8D方法是早期美国福特公司建立的。
目前8D被广泛应用于航空，宇宙飞行，汽车，电子等工业。
它是一种处理问题的工具与方法，例如：当生产中突然发生异常品质问题，接到客户投诉等类异常问题，使用这8个原则，逐步对问题进行了解，分析，处理与预防.使用8D步骤,会使企业质量工程师与工程人员能清晰有条理地将问题发生的发生源与检查源原因与问题找出,并快速的找出解决方法与预防方案.在将问题解决的同时,对问题进步预防,使公司质量系统进一步改进与完善.8D 的8个步骤如下:D 1 ：Set up the Team 组建团队,成立改善小组突发问题发生后且无法快速独立解决时，公司或企业内部可以组织相关人员，成立一个改善小组与团队。
团队的成员必需有相关的专业知识与经验，或有一定领导配合执行能力，以便工作能顺利开展与完成。
D 2 ：Problem discription-问题描述描述问题发生的背景，例如问题在何时、何地、发生了什么事、严重程度、目前状态、如何紧急处理、以及展示与收集相关照片和证物。
将问题细节描述，证据证物越清楚齐全，有助于团队快速及时地进入状态了解与解决问题，提高效率。
D 3 ：interim containment action-实施临时遏制措施,即暂时性的对策实施与确认对发生的问题采取相应的围堵与过渡期改善行动，进行相应的库存清查，返工返检，全检等短期改善行动。
暂时对策决定可由团队成员共同讨论决定，并由团队成员执行落实。
D 4 ：Identify the root cause-确定根本原因,即原因分析及证实找问题真正原因时，收集齐全相关数据资料，实物与流程等进行逐一了解、分析、比较与测试试验等，找出问题的发生源与检出源。
当分析完成，列出最有可能导致问题发生的几项原因，再逐一调整改变，并且观察那一些改变可使品质回复正常及影响变异的程度，进而找到问题真正的原因。
专转本英语作文范文10篇The decision to pursue a professional degree can be a significant turning point in one's academic and career journey. For many individuals, the path to a professional degree often involves transitioning from a different academic background, a process commonly referred to as a "professional degree transfer" or "professional degree entrance exam." In this essay, we will explore 10 sample English essays that can serve as valuable references for those embarking on this academic endeavor.1. Overcoming Challenges: The Journey to a Professional Degree The transition from a non-related academic background to a professional degree program can present various challenges. This essay could delve into the personal experiences, obstacles, and strategies employed by the writer in navigating this transition. It could highlight the determination, adaptability, and resilience required to succeed in this academic pursuit.2. Leveraging Diverse Experiences: Enriching the Professional Degree PathProfessional degree programs often seek candidates with diverse academic and professional backgrounds. This essay could emphasize how the writer's unique experiences, skills, and perspectives from their previous academic or professional pursuits can contribute to their success in a professional degree program.3. Passion and Purpose: Aligning with the Professional Degree Pursuing a professional degree requires a deep-rooted passion and a clear understanding of one's purpose. This essay could explore the writer's motivations, aspirations, and the alignment between their personal and professional goals that have led them to this academic path.4. Adapting to the Rigors of a Professional Degree Program Professional degree programs are known for their academic rigor and demanding curriculum. This essay could delve into the writer's strategies for adapting to the increased workload, time management, and the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills necessary for success in a professional degree program.5. Interdisciplinary Approach: Bridging Diverse Disciplines Professional degree programs often emphasize an interdisciplinary approach, integrating knowledge and skills from various fields. This essay could highlight the writer's ability to synthesize and apply their prior academic or professional knowledge to the multifaceted natureof the professional degree program.6. Developing a Competitive Edge: Extracurricular Involvement Engagement in extracurricular activities can significantly enhance one's profile for a professional degree program. This essay could showcase the writer's involvement in relevant clubs, organizations, or volunteer work, and how these experiences have contributed to their personal and professional development.7. Embracing Lifelong Learning: Continuous Skill Development Professional degree programs are designed to equip individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to thrive in their respective fields. This essay could explore the writer's commitment to lifelong learning, their eagerness to expand their expertise, and their strategies for ongoing skill development.8. Collaborative Spirit: Navigating Group DynamicsMany professional degree programs emphasize teamwork and collaboration. This essay could highlight the writer's ability to work effectively in group settings, their conflict resolution skills, and their contribution to fostering a collaborative learning environment.9. Global Mindset: Embracing Diversity and Cultural AwarenessIn an increasingly interconnected world, professional degree programs often encourage the cultivation of a global mindset. Thisessay could discuss the writer's experiences with cultural diversity, their openness to different perspectives, and their ability to navigate and thrive in multicultural environments.10. Adaptability and Resilience: Overcoming SetbacksPursuing a professional degree can involve navigating various setbacks and challenges. This essay could explore the writer's experiences in overcoming obstacles, their ability to adapt to changing circumstances, and the lessons they have learned that have strengthened their resilience and determination.These 10 sample English essays provide a comprehensive overview of the key aspects that can be addressed when writing about the journey to a professional degree. By highlighting personal experiences, skills, and perspectives, these essays can serve as valuable references for those seeking to articulate their own unique stories and qualifications for a professional degree program.。
高等学校学科创新引智计划英文介绍全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Introduction to Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction PlanHigher education discipline innovation and talent introduction plan is an initiative launched by the Chinese government to attract top-notch international talent to participate in innovation and research in various academic disciplines in Chinese universities. The plan aims to enhance the competitiveness and global influence of Chinese universities in the field of academic research and innovation.Under the plan, Chinese universities partner with leading international scholars and experts in specific disciplines to carry out cutting-edge research projects, organize academic conferences, and provide training and mentorship to students and young researchers. The plan also includes provisions for funding research projects, providing scholarships and fellowships, and facilitating international collaborations and exchange programs.One of the key objectives of the plan is to foster a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in Chinese universities and encourage interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers from different academic disciplines. By attracting top international talent to work in Chinese universities, the plan aims to raise the quality and impact of academic research in China and contribute to the country's development and competitiveness in the global arena.The plan covers a wide range of academic disciplines, including natural sciences, engineering, social sciences, humanities, medicine, and agriculture. Chinese universities partner with international research institutions, companies, and government agencies to identify research priorities and opportunities for collaboration. The plan also includes provisions for monitoring and evaluating the progress and impact of research projects and assessing the effectiveness of talent introduction and retention programs.To attract top international talent, Chinese universities offer competitive salaries, research resources, and career development opportunities. They also provide support services such as housing, healthcare, and visa assistance to help foreign scholarsand researchers settle in China and adjust to the academic and cultural environment.In conclusion, the higher education discipline innovation and talent introduction plan is an important initiative to enhance the quality and impact of academic research in Chinese universities. By attracting top international talent, fostering a culture of innovation, and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, the plan aims to strengthen China's position as a global leader in academic research and innovation.篇2Introduction to Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction ProgramI. Program OverviewThe Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction Program, also known as the DIIT Program, is a national initiative aimed at promoting academic exchanges and collaborations in higher education institutions across China. Launched in 2014 by the Ministry of Education, this program focuses on bringing in international talents, fostering interdisciplinary research, and enhancing academic competitiveness.II. Objectives1. Attracting Top Talents: The DIIT Program aims to attract top international talents in various fields to Chinese universities, fostering a diverse and innovative academic environment.2. Promoting Interdisciplinary Research: By encouraging cross-disciplinary collaboration, the program aims to break down barriers between traditional academic disciplines and promote the development of cutting-edge research.3. Enhancing Academic Competitiveness: Through the introduction of top scholars and innovative research projects, the program seeks to enhance the academic competitiveness of Chinese universities on a global scale.III. Key Components1. Talent Introduction: The DIIT Program provides support for Chinese universities to recruit top international talents, including funding for research projects, laboratory facilities, and living expenses.2. Research Collaboration: The program facilitates collaborative research projects between Chinese and international scholars, promoting knowledge exchange and academic cooperation.3. Academic Exchange: Through conferences, workshops, and seminars, the program provides opportunities for scholars to share their research findings and exchange ideas with colleagues from around the world.IV. AchievementsSince its inception, the DIIT Program has made significant contributions to the academic landscape of Chinese universities. By attracting top talents and promoting interdisciplinary research, the program has helped to raise the international profile of Chinese higher education institutions and foster a culture of academic excellence.V. Future ProspectsLooking ahead, the DIIT Program aims to further expand its reach and impact by attracting more top talents, fostering greater collaboration between scholars, and promoting the development of cutting-edge research projects. By continuing to invest in talent introduction and research innovation, the program will play a vital role in enhancing the academic competitiveness of Chinese universities and driving forward the development of higher education in China.篇3Introduction to Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction PlanThe Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction Plan is a national initiative in China aimed at fostering innovation and talent development in higher education institutions. Launched in 2016 by the Ministry of Education, this program aims to attract top-notch talent from around the world to Chinese universities and stimulate academic innovation in various disciplines.Key Objectives of the Plan:1. Improve the quality of education: By bringing in international experts and scholars, the program aims to enhance teaching methods, curriculum design, and academic research in Chinese universities. This will ultimately lead to a higher quality of education for students.2. Foster interdisciplinary collaboration: The program encourages collaboration among different disciplines to create new knowledge and solutions to complex societal problems. By promoting interdisciplinary research and teaching, universities can better prepare students for the challenges of the future.3. Enhance global competitiveness: By attracting top talent from around the world, Chinese universities can improve their global rankings and reputation. This will not only benefit the universities but also contribute to China's standing in the international academic community.4. Promote cultural exchange: The program facilitates cultural exchange between Chinese and international scholars, creating a more diverse and inclusive academic environment. This cross-cultural learning experience enriches the educational experience for both students and faculty.Implementation of the Plan:Universities across China are actively participating in the program by recruiting international experts and scholars in various disciplines. These experts are invited to teach courses, conduct research, and collaborate with Chinese counterparts on academic projects. In addition, universities are establishing joint research centers, organizing academic conferences, and offering scholarships to attract top talent from around the world.Furthermore, the program provides financial support to universities to carry out their innovation and talent introduction initiatives. This includes funding for research projects, travel grants for international scholars, and scholarships foroutstanding students. The government has also set up evaluation mechanisms to monitor the progress of the program and ensure that universities are meeting their targets.Impact of the Plan:Since its inception, the Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction Plan has had a significant impact on Chinese universities. It has helped improve the quality of education, fostered collaboration across disciplines, enhanced global competitiveness, and promoted cultural exchange. Many universities have seen an increase in their international rankings and reputation, and students have benefited from the diverse and innovative educational opportunities created by the program.In conclusion, the Higher Education Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction Plan is a vital initiative that is transforming higher education in China. By attracting top talent from around the world and promoting academic innovation, the program is creating a more competitive and globally connected higher education system. With continued support and investment, this program will help propel China's universities to the forefront of academic excellence on the world stage.。
Global Competence: The Knowledge and Skills Our Students NeedBy Anthony Jackson1 In matters of national security, environmental sustainability, and economic development, what we do as a nation and in our everyday lives is inextricably intertwined with what governments, businesses, and individuals do beyond our borders.2 This new reality helps us more clearly define the role that education must play in preparing all students for success in an interconnected world and creating the citizens, workers and leaders our nation needs in the 21st century. It's an urgent call for schools to produce students that actually know something about the world –its cultures, languages and how its economic, environmental and social systems work.3 A process of careful articulation and vetting yielded the definition of global competence here proposed: Global competence is the capacity and disposition to understand and act on issues of global significance. It articulates the knowledge and skills students need in the 21st century.4 Investigate the World. Global competence starts by being aware, curious, and interested in learning about the world and how it works. Globally competent students ask and exp lore critical questions and “researchable” problems-problems for which there may not be one right answer, but can be systematically engaged intellectually and emotionally. Their questions are globally significant, questions that address important phenomena and events that are relevant world wide-in their own community and in communities across the globe.5 Globally competent students can articulate the significance of their questions and know how to respond to these questions by identifying, collecting, and analyzing credible information from a variety of local, national and international sources, including those in multiple languages. They can connect the local to the global, for example, by explaining how a local issue like their school recycling program exemplifies a global process far beyond their backyards.6 Recognize Perspectives. Globally competent students recognize that they have a particular perspective and that others may or may not share it. They are able to articulate and explain the perspectives of other people, groups, or schools of thought and identify influences on these perspectives, including how differential access to knowledge, technology, and resources can affect people's views. Their understanding of others' perspectives is deeply informed by historical knowledge about other cultures as well as contemporary events. They can compare and contrast their perspective with others, and integrate their own and others' viewpoints to construct a new one, when needed.7 Communicate Ideas.Globally competent students understand that audiences differ on the basis of culture, geography, faith, ideology, wealth, and other factors and that they may perceive different meanings from the same information. They can effectively communicate, verbally, and non-verbally, with diverse audiences. Because it is increasingly the world's common language for commerce and communication, globally competent students in the US and elsewhere are proficient in English as well as in at least one other world language.8 Communicating ideas occurs in a variety of culturally diverse settings, and especially within collaborative teams. Globally competent students are able to situate themselves in a variety of cultural contexts, organize and participate in diverse groups, and work effectively toward a common goal.9 Globally competent students are also media and artistically savvy; they know how to choose and effectively use appropriate technology and media to communicate with diverse audiences, including through respectful online social networking. In short, they are technology and media literate within a global communications environment.10 Take Action. What skills and knowledge will it take to go from learning about the world to making a difference in the world? It takes seeing oneself as capable of making a difference. Globally competent students see themselves as players, not bystanders. They're keenly able to recognize opportunities from targeted human rights advocacy to creating the next out-of-the-box, must-have business product we didn't know we needed. Alone or with others, ethically and creatively, globally competent students can envision and weigh options for action based on evidence and insight; they can assess their potential impact, taking into account varied perspectives and potential consequences for others; and they show courage to act and reflect on their actions.11 Apply Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Expertise. Is global competence all skills and no knowledge? Hardly. As true now as at any other time, learning content matters. Global competence requires that the capacities described above be both applied within academic disciplines and contextualized within each discipline's methods of inquiry and production of knowledge. Globally competent students learn to think like historians and scientists and artists by using the tools and methods of inquiry of the disciplines.12 Global competence also requires the ability to understand prevailing world conditions, issues, and trends through an interdisciplinary lens as well, in order to understand the interconnectedness of the issue and its broad themes as well as subtle nuances. A competitive advantage will go to those students who know what's going on in the world, can comprehend the interconnectedness of environmental, financial, social, and other systems, and understand how the relative balance of power between societies and cultures has significant short and long-term consequences. Educating students for global competence requires substantive, developmentally appropriate engagement over time with the world's complexities.13 Global competence is a crucial shift in our understanding of the purpose of education in a changing world. Students everywhere deserve the opportunity to succeed in the global economy and contribute as global citizens. We must fashion a more creative and visionary educational response to the interconnected world of the 21st century, starting now.(892 words)New Words & Expressionsarticulate/ɑ:'tɪkjʊleɪt/ v. to pronounce distinctly and carefully ; to give words to 清楚表达bystander/ 'baɪstændə/n. a person present but not involved; onlooker旁观者credible / 'kredɪb(ə)l / adj. worthy of confidence; reliable可信的，可靠的differential /ˌdɪfə'renʃ(ə)l/ adj. of or pertaining to difference or diversity;distinctive有区别的envision/ ɪnˈvɪʒn / v. to picture mentally, especially some future event想象，预想expertise/ˌekspɜː'tiːz/ n.expert skill or knowledge, especially in a particular field（尤指在某一领域的）专门知识或技能ideology / ˌaɪdɪ'ɒlədʒɪ; ɪd- / n.the body of doctrine, myth, belief, etc. that guides an individual, social movement, institution, class or large group意识形态integrate / 'ɪntɪgreɪt / v. to bring together or incorporate (parts) into a whole; to unite or combine使一体化，整合nuance/ 'njuːɑːns / n. a subtle difference or distinction细微差别out-of-the-box/ aʊtɒv ðəbɒks / adj.innovative; remarkable具有创新性思维的perspective/ pə'spektɪv/ n.subjective evaluation of relative significance; a point of view观点，看法prevailing / prɪ'veɪlɪŋ / adj. predominant; generally current流行的；主要的savvy/'sævɪ/ adj.shrewdly informed; experienced and well-informed 有见识的，精明能干的vetting / ˈvetɪŋ/ n. examination; inspection审查，检查visionary /'vɪʒ(ə)n(ə)rɪ/ adj.having or showing foresight or wisdom 具有或显示出远见或智慧的in short 总之；简言之make a difference 有影响；起（重要）作用on the basis of在...的基础上；基于start by 先做某事；由……开始takeinto account 考虑Culture NotesLiberal Education and America’s Promise “通识教育与美国希望”计划。
学科名称的英文The English Names of Academic DisciplinesIn the academic world, various fields of study are classified into specific disciplines, each focusing on a particular subject area. These disciplines are crucial for organizing knowledge and facilitating effective communication among scholars from different backgrounds. Understanding the English names of these academic disciplines is essential for anyone involved in academic research or education. This article aims to provide an overview of the English names of some common academic disciplines, highlighting their significance and relevance in the global academic community.1. HumanitiesThe humanities encompass a broad range of subjects that study human culture, such as literature, philosophy, history, and language. These disciplines explore the human experience, artistic expression, and societal development, providing insights into our shared history and values.2. Social SciencesThe social sciences focus on the study of human behavior, societies, and institutions. Disciplines within this category include sociology, psychology, economics, political science, anthropology, and geography. They analyze human interactions, social structures, and the impact of societal factors on individuals and groups.3. Natural SciencesThe natural sciences investigate natural phenomena and the laws governing the physical world. This discipline includes physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and geology. Natural scientists conduct experiments, make observations, and develop theories to understand the natural world and its processes.4. Engineering and TechnologyEngineering disciplines involve the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design and develop practical solutions. Civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and chemical engineering are examples of specialized fields within this discipline. Technology focuses on the use and advancement of tools, techniques, and systems to improve human life and productivity.5. Health SciencesHealth sciences encompass a range of disciplines dedicated to the study of healthcare, medical practice, and the well-being of individuals and communities. Medicine, nursing, pharmacy, public health, and nutrition are some of the disciplines within this field. Health sciences strive to enhance human health and address health-related issues globally.6. Business and ManagementBusiness and management disciplines focus on the study of organizational structures, business strategies, and the principles of effective management. This includes fields such as finance, marketing, entrepreneurship, human resources, and operations management. Businessdisciplines are vital for understanding the dynamics of the corporate world and driving economic growth.7. EducationEducation is the study of the theory and practice of teaching and learning. This discipline encompasses various aspects of educational systems, pedagogy, curriculum development, and educational psychology. Education specialists work towards improving teaching methods, educational policies, and fostering lifelong learning.8. ArtsThe arts involve creative expression and aesthetic appreciation. Disciplines within this category include visual arts, performing arts, music, and film studies. The arts foster artistic skill development, cultural understanding, and personal expression, contributing to the enrichment and creativity of society.9. Computer Science and Information TechnologyComputer science and information technology focus on the study, development, and application of computer systems, algorithms, and software. These disciplines encompass computer programming, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and computer networking. Computer scientists and IT professionals play a vital role in shaping the modern technological landscape.10. Environmental and Sustainability SciencesEnvironmental and sustainability sciences explore the interactions between humans and the environment, including topics such asenvironmental conservation, climate change, and sustainable development. These disciplines aim to address environmental challenges and promote sustainable practices for the well-being of current and future generations.Understanding the English names of academic disciplines is essential for effective communication, collaboration, and academic pursuits. This article provides a brief overview of some key disciplines, but the academic landscape is vast and constantly evolving. Each discipline plays a crucial role in advancing knowledge, contributing to society, and addressing global challenges, making interdisciplinary collaboration increasingly important in today's complex world.。
