刘晓艳写作笔记整理
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刘晓艳写作笔记整理
● 第一部分——写作概述
● 【一】写作题型
● 1)小作文:10行左右(包括称呼、落款)
● 公务信、私人书信、告示
● 2)大作文:18行左右(包括称呼、落款)
● 图画作文、图表作文
● 【拓展】英语考试答题的顺序和时间安排
● 1、写作(40分钟)
● 2、阅读(90分钟,一篇阅读20-25分钟)
● 3、新题型(保命班会讲,15分钟)
● 4、翻译(20分钟,英语二25分钟至多)
● 5、完形(15分钟)
● 【二】评分原则和方法
● 1)黄金原则一:书写工整、卷面整洁、字迹清晰
● 2)黄金原则二:语言第一、结构第二、内容第三
● 1、语言第一:单词、愈发正确、准确、多变
● 单词正确;所有写不来的单词都写成自己会的词汇,一定要正确
● 单词准确(必须有单词量):在正确的基础上最重要的就是准确
● You are a good teacher.
● You are a responsible teacher.
● You are a teacher who can make complex knowledge become easy.
● 单词多变
● 语法正确:小心的用、正确的用
● 语法多变
● 2、结构第二:
● 三段论:三段之间比例适中,1:1:1;1:2:2
● 句子和句子之间多用逻辑关系词(连词、副词、介词短语)
● 多用代词代替已经出现过的名词
● 3、内容第三:
● 内容不重要,大纲中的要求就是内容切题,不跑题就行
● 第二部分——写作满分句型(单词替换、高级表达)
● 【一】简单句的满分句型
● 一、被动
● 1)当汉语中出现我们、人们、大家、有人等人称代词做主语时都可以写成被动
● 2)本句型推荐写在第一段最后一句引出文章中心时使用,或者第三段第一句话,文章总结时使用
● eg1:我们应该孝敬父母
● Parents should be respected by us ——>superiors are supposed to be
respected by their descendants
● Parents——>superiors 父母、长辈、上司;the elderly 长者、老人;senior
citizens高级公民
● should ——> be obliged to ; ought to ; be supposed to 应该做
● we/us/people——>human beings ; the public ; private individuals
● 替换越准确越好(写作中,根据不同情况的人选一个,写成具体类的人)
● 年轻人——teenagers and youngsters
● 大学生——undergraduates ; youngsters on campus
● 孩子们——children ; kids ; offspring ; descendants
● 商人——businessman
● 专家和教授——experts and professors
● 所有人——all children and adults /men and women in all walks
● eg2:我们不应该盲目追星
● Celebrities are not supposed to pursue by teenagers and youngsters
● not——>never ; by no means ; under no circumanstances ; fail to (失败——>不)
● eg3:越来越多的人认为自信很重要
● Confidence is supposed to important by mounting men and women in all walks.
● eg4:污染很严重
● Environmental contamination is thought very serious by more and more
experts and professors.
● more and more—— >an increasing amount of
● think(thought) 土单词排行榜no.1/believe/consider——>
● hold/argue/contend/claim ===think
● have been convinced that/cling to the perspective that === I think that
● very非常——>distinctly/remarkably/extraordinarily/strikingly
● serious严重的——>fatal / grave / fearful / be of great severity
● 二、there be/exist/seem/remain句型,“有”
● 1)本句型推荐写在第二段第一句话,引出原因分析时使用,或者第三段最后一句喊口号时使用
● 2)参考句型
● There seems strong evidence to show that ... 有确凿的证据表明
● There remains a growing worldwide awareness around the world that = more
and more people think that ...
● There exist absolutely no reason for us to believe that a brighter future for the
world is an impossibility. 我们完全有理由相信一个更美好的未来是有可能的
● eg:有很多原因解释我的观点 There exist many reasons to explain my idea.
● many——>a sea of/a host of / a multitude of /a train of / immerse amounts of
/ numerous
● reasons原因、因素——>causes / factors / elements
● explain——>account for / give rise to
● idea——>viewpoint / perspective
● 三、比较结构
● 1)as...as 和...一样,同级比较
● 1、只要作文中出现形容词、副词的地方,都能写成as...as句型
● 2、考研作文(图画)的中心一定是要么某事很重要,要么某事很严重,本句型推荐写在第一段最后一句引出文章中心或者第三段第一句文章总结时使用
● eg : She is as beautiful as a red rose , which manages to take away the breath
of a sea of children and adults 她很美
● be动词(除了被动和现在进行时不能替换,其他都可以换,因为在被动和现在进行时中它是助动词)
● 所有感官动词都可以替换成be动词(look/sound/taste/feel/seem/appear)
● 保持(keep/remain)
● 变化(remain/become)
● prove
● beautiful——>graceful/elegant/attractive/charming/gorgeous
● eg : Confidence proves as important as sunshine ,which plays an essential role
in the normal growth of all creatures 自信很重要
● important——>vital/crucial/indispensable/be of great importance/play a
key role in sth
● eg: sth很严重
● sth becomes as grave as aids ,which has threatened the health of patients or
taken away their lives.
● 2)the more...the more,这个句型叫做the+a./ad.的比较级+句子,the+a./ad.的比较级+句子
● 1、本句型推荐写在作文第二段,分析原因时使用
● 2、需要注意的是主将从现哦~而且想好想要加的是形容词的比较级还是副词的比较级
● eg : The higher one ascends , the farther he will overlook. 你爬得越高,看得越远
● 【注意】没有特指的一个人用one,没有特指的一类人用those
● far的比较级有两种:
● farther是指距离真的很远
● further是指抽象的远,比如心理距离的远
● 这里用的是farther
● eg : 你学习越努力,进步的越容易
● 【注意】一句话没有谓语动词怎么办?
● 只要一句话需要谓语动词而又没有谓语动词,就加be动词,这里加了is——>keep转成较高级的词汇
● The more diligent one keeps , the easier he will achieve glories.
● 为什么错?keep替换的是is,也就是个系动词,后面加形容词diligent可以,但easier修饰的是取得(achieve),但“取得”是一个实义动词,那么就应该副词修饰实义动词,所以这里不应该是easy的比较级,而应该是easily的比较级easiler
● The more diligent one keeps , the more easiler he will achieve glories.(正确表达)
● eg: The harder all children and adults remain , the more fortunate they will
become 越努力,越幸运
● 用 fortunate 还是 fortunately 取决于后面句子的谓语动词是实义动词还是系动词,系动词用fortunate,实义动词用fortunately