长句的翻译(英译汉
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汉译英
1. 夺取这个胜利,已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的力气了;巩固这个胜利,则是要很长的时间和要花费很大的力气的事情。
2. 他小的时候,他妈叫他去买红塘,他买了白糖回来。
3. 虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步,但还未完全实现平等就业机会。
4. 我想,富人们大概过不惯冷清的郊野的冬天,都集向热闹的城市里去了。
I think it is fact that 前动词定话 who
5. 一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢。
6. 冬天,在四周围都是山地的这里,看见太阳的日子真实太少了。今天,难得雾是这么稀薄,空中融融地混合着金黄的阳光,把地上的一切,好像也照上一层欢笑的颜色。
7. 这对夫妇不久前添置了一套新家具,现在又买了辆新车,他们家的情况一定是好转起来了。
8. 如果是20年前来到张家界国家森林公园,泥泞的山路可能会让游客的兴致打一些折扣。
9. 红十字会已开始一项重大的克隆工程,该工程与培育用于器官捐献的转基因猪有关。
11. 必须采取措施,改善投资环境,切实制止对企业乱摊乱排、乱收费的错误做法。
12. 她坐在那儿注视着,觉得眼前的景象,既是始终如一,又是变化多端,既是光彩夺目,又是朦胧黑暗,既是庄严肃穆,又是轻松愉快。
13. 经过整整一个未眠之夜,办公室里的所有人都显得苍白,眼睛下方都暴出了黑眼圈。
14. 孩子要喂,房间要收拾,我不得不赶在商店关门之前去买蔬菜和猪肉。
15. 有时候,在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见,体察别人的需要,虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误,敢于承担自己的责任,这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置,而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系,所以八面玲珑,到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误,他们首先想到自己,拒不承认自己有错,或情绪低落或大发雷霆,成为有刺的人,难以相处。
1Section 1 Omission, Addition, Repetition, Transfer & Extension Omission 1. That’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 但我就是这个脾气,虽然几经努力,却未能改变过来。作主语的代词 2. When will he arrive? ---- You can never tell. 他什么时候到?说不准。泛指的人称代词 3. If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of rubbers you must first catch their leader. 打蛇先打头,擒贼先擒王。 4. The following letter will explain itself and needs no apology. 下面的话一看就明白,用不着道歉。做宾语的代词 5. She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it. 她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上,好象表示感谢。 6. Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing a glint of teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long and dark, her nose straight.她的黑发蓬松地漂拂在宽宽的前额上,脸是短短的,上唇也是短短的,露出一排闪亮的牙齿,眉毛又直又黑,睫毛又长又黑,鼻子笔直。省略物主代词 7. Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面漆黑一团,下着瓢泼大雨。非人称的it 8. It is only shallow people who judge by appearance. 只有浅薄的人才会以貌取人。无意义的it 9. It is better to do well than to say well. 说得好不如做得好。 10. He considered the National Security Council too large and bulky and thus too leaky, too many people who talked too much. 他认为国家安全委员会机构太庞大,人多嘴杂,容易泄密。省略并列连词and 11. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. 这些发展中国家土地辽阔,人口众多,资源丰富。谓语省略 12. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 没有下雪,但叶落草枯。省略中文中不言而喻或可有可无的字 13. Could you help me in any way? 你能帮帮我吗? 14. Patients with influenza must be separated from the well lest the disease should spread from person to person.流感病人必须与健康的人隔开,以免疾病传播。 15. University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人,有工作经验的优先录取。英文中重复出现的短语,译成汉语时可适当省略。 16. It’s essential that the mechanic or technician understand well the characteristics of battery circuits and the proper methods for connecting batteries or cells. 重要的是,技术人员要深入了解电池电路的特性和连接电池的正确方法。同义词、近义词或意义重复的词翻译时可适当省略。 17. Bacteria capable of causing disease are known as pathogenic, or disease-producing. 可引起疾病的细菌称为致病菌。 Addition 18. We don’t retreat, we never have and never will. 我们不后退,我们从没有后退过,将来也决不会后退。省略的部分 19. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by (to be wise by the defeat of) your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。 20. But without Adolf Hilter, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich. 然而如果没有阿道夫·希特勒,那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国。逻辑关系 21. Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected. 如果对自己的错误都不能认识到,怎么能指望你会悔改呢? 22. We’ve rounded up four destroyers, Admiral Pound would be happier with six. 我们调了四艘驱逐舰,要是有六艘,邦德上将一定会更高兴的。 23. Rostow was about to become, for lack of anyone or anything better, a very influential intellectual – the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea. 因为找不到比他更好的人,也没有更好的办法,于是,罗斯托就要成为一个很有影响的知识分子了,这真是在错误的地方任用错误的人去实行他的错误主张。增加动词 224. As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完。增加副词 25. The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 26. Day after day he came to his work – sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. 他每天来干活——扫地,擦地板,收拾房间。动词后增加名词 27. Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia. 玛丽的丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠洗衣服维持生活。 某些由动词或形容词派生出来的抽象名词,在翻译时可根据上下文在其后增加适当的名词,使译文更合乎汉语规范。例如:persuasion(说服工作);preparation(准备工作);backwardness(落后状态);tension(紧张局势);arrogance(自满情绪);madness(疯狂行为);antagonism(敌对态度)等: 28. After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪以后,飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。抽象名词后增加名词 29. In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. 一九六九年夏天,政府公开主张缓和同中国的紧张关系。 30. We have made some achievements, and we must guard against complacency. 我们取得一些成就,但要防止自满情绪。 31. From the evaporation of water people know that liquids can turn into gases under certain condition. 人们从水的蒸发现象了解到,液体在一定条件下能变成气体。 32. Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty. 氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。 33. He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty. 他让法官的职责战胜父子间的私情,而判决他儿子有罪。具体名词后增加名词 34. I still remember the night when I came to the village. 我还记得刚来到这个村子那个晚上的情景。 35. In order to improve a certain kind of battery, Edison spent almost ten years and made nearly 50,000 experiments. 为了改进某种电池的性能,爱迪生花了差不多十年时间去做了近五万次实验。 36. Flowers bloom all over the yard. 朵朵鲜花开满了庭院。复数 37. Newsmen went flying off to Mexico. 记者纷纷飞到墨西哥去了。 38. The lion is the king of animals 狮子是百兽之王。 39. The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色的长影。 40. The very earth trembled as with the tramps of horses and murmur of angry men. 大地震动,仿佛万马奔腾,千夫怒吼。 41. The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. 原来是那老头已教会了孩子捕鱼,所以孩子很爱他。表达时态 42. I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was. 以前我从未想过,当我发觉人们认为我无足轻重时,我会感到高兴。但这次情况的确如此。 43. Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you. 不要认真嘛!我不过开开玩笑罢了。增加语气助词 44. As for me, I didn’t agree from the very beginning. 我呢,从一开始就不赞成。 45. It is entirely possible that things are being done for my release right now and that it takes time to do this. 完全有可能眼下正在想办法使我获释,只不过需要时间而已。 46. For mistakes had been made, bad ones. 因为已经犯了许多错误,而且还是很严重的错误。承上启下 47. Our rushing is understandable, but costly. 人们忙碌是可以理解的,但是为此付出的代价却是高昂的。 48. Basically, the theory proposed, among other things, that the maximum speed possible in the universe is that of light; 就其基本内容而言,这一学说提出的论点包括:光速是宇宙中最快的速度;增加修饰语 49. Ideally, one day, researchers will know enough about the genesis of earthquakes and the nature of particular faults to predict quakes directly. 最理想的情况是,有朝一日研究人员能够对地震的成因及其具体断层的性质有足够的了解,从而能够直接预报地震。
英语长句翻译的方法
英语长句翻译的方法
翻译是在准确(信)、通顺(达)、优美(雅)的基础上,把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为。翻译是将一种相对陌生的表达方式,转换成相对熟悉的表达方式的过程。下面跟着店铺来看看英语长句翻译的方法吧!希望对你有所帮助。
英语长句翻译的方法 篇1
一、英语长句翻译所涉及的基本问题
科技英语具有逻辑性强、结构严密、表达明确等特点。这些特点决定了科技英语的一个显著特征是含有大量长句。英语长句后置修饰语多,并列成份多,句法结构复杂,层次重叠。因此,进行长句翻译时,要注意英译汉语序上的差异和英汉表达方式的差异。
二、长句翻译的基本方法
英语长句汉译时主要采用下列五种方法:顺译法、倒译法、内嵌法、分译法、拆离重组法。
(一)顺译法
顺译法是指在英译汉过程中,按原文行文的先后顺序或按内容的逻辑顺序,依次译出的翻译方法。
It is important to remember that the composition of a given
grade of steel can be subject to variations within the range of its
specification,and such variations in composition,impurity
elements and also grainsize caused in hot-working process will
result in differences in both response to heat treatment and
variations in mechanical properties.
重要的是要记住,给定牌号钢的化学成份在其规定范围内可能发生一些变化,这样一些在热加工过程中引起的存在于成份、杂质元素、还有品粒大小上的变化,将使热处理工艺和力学性能产生一些差异。
英语四级翻译辅导:英语长句的译法二
二、长句的翻译
英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念, 而汉语则不同,常常使用若干短句, 作层次分明的叙述。因此, 在进行英译汉时, 要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异, 将英语的长句分解, 翻译成汉语的短句。在英语长句的翻译过程中, 我们一般采取下列的方法。
(1) 顺序法。当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。例如:
例1. Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us,
driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. (84年考题)
分析: 该句子由一个主句, 三个作伴随状语的现在分词以及位于句首的时间状语从句组成, 共有五层意思: A. 既使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时; B.电仍在为我们工作; C.
帮我们开动电冰箱; D. 加热水; E. 或是室内空调机继续运转。上述五层意思的逻辑关系以及表达的顺序与汉语完全一致, 因此, 我们可以通过顺序法, 把该句翻译成:
即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作: 帮我们开动电冰箱,
把水加热, 或使室内空调机继续运转。
例2. But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible
to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all