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•临床研究•寻常型银屑病三大基本中医证型皮损的皮肤镜特征观察纪云清1周冬梅2【摘要】目的观察寻常型银屑病中医各证型皮损的皮肤镜表现特征,为更客观准确的判断银屑病中医证型提供依据。
方法收集2016年1月一203年3月期间于北京中医医院皮肤科确诊的且经中医辨证分别属血热证、血燥证及血瘀证的寻常型银屑病患者54例。
使用皮肤镜观察记录各中医证型皮损的背景颜色、鳞屑特征、血管特征，并进行统计分析。
结果血热证患者皮肤镜下图像背景颜色亮红甚至鲜红、点状血管密集颜色亮红甚至紫红、鳞屑较少呈细碎状，与血燥证、血瘀证患者镜下皮损特征差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；血燥证患者皮肤镜下图像背景颜色淡红，点状血管较为稀疏颜色淡红、鳞屑较多密集且单片鳞屑面积较大，与血热证、血瘀证镜下皮损特征差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；血瘀证患者皮肤镜下图像背景暗红可见色素沉着，点状血管较少见颜色略深于肤色，鳞屑少见，与血热证、血燥证镜下皮损特征差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
结论银屑病各证型皮损具有典型的皮肤镜影像表现，可用于临床辅助诊断。
【关键词】寻常型银屑病；中医证型;皮肤镜【中图分类号】R758.28【文献标识码】AExploration of Dermoscopic Images Characteristic of Patieets with Psoriasis Vulgarisin Three Different Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndramesJ Yum-qiny1,ZHOU Dony-mei7(1.Be/iny University of Chinese Medicine,Beijiny120029;2.De/adment of Dermatology,Be/iny Hospital of TradikonaiCPinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Be/iny120012)[Abstract i Objective Tv compare the diXerences of dermoscopic images of patients with psoriasis vopa/s ix different Wadikonai chines”medicine(TCM)syncOomes,and pro v ide the clinical evidence of UermaOscope for the skid syndrome diXerenPation of psoriasis vopa/s.Methods From January243to December243,54patients with psoriasis v/Pga/s who were diagnosed ix the De/adment of Dermatology of Be/iny Hospital of Tradikonai Chinese Medicine and were diagnosed with blood-heat syndrome,blood d/ness syndrome and blood stasis syndrome were cohecOd.Dermoscopy wasused to odserve and record the bachg/nnU color,scaly chapcte/stics,and vvscular chamcte/sPcs of the skid lesions of vv-/ons TCM syndromes, and pePorm s/tistical analysis.Reselts The bachgronud colvr of the UermaOscopic images of pa-Pents with blood一heat syndrome is b/ght red or even b/ght red,with dense puuc/O blood vessels；b/ght red or even pupp/sh red, and less scaly,which is slightly di/erent from those of patients with blood dryness syndrome and blood stasis syndrome.S/tisPcal significance(P<0.45)；the bachoround colvr of the UermaOscope image of paPents with blood d/ness islight red,the puuc/O blood vessels arc sparse,the color is light red,the scales arc more dense,and the sinylo scale area islarger/which is related to blood heat syndrome and blood stasis The differences ix the chamcte/sPcs of the skid lesions uu-Uer the syndrome were s/PsPcaUy significant(P<0.05)；the bachoround of the UermaOscopic images of paPents withblood stasis syndrome was darb red and pigmen/Pon was seen,and the punc/te blood vessels were less common.The colorwas slightly darber than the skid color.There were s/tisPcaUy significant diXerences ix the chamcte/s/cs of skid lesionsunder microscope and blood d/ness syndrome(P<0.45).Concluhon Patients with psoriasis vopa/s ix di/erent t/Oi-Ponai Chinese medicine syndromes have/yicai dermoscopic imaginy manifes/tions,which can be used for c/nicai auxika-/diagnosis.【Keywords]Psoriasis vopa/s；TCM syndrome/pe；Dermoscopy银屑病中医学称之为“白秓”，是一种常见的慢DO)：12.13935//enki.sjzx.412343基金项目：燕京赵氏皮科流派传承工作室(LPGZ2014-23)作者单位：1・北京中医药大学，匕京140220；4.首都医科大学附属北京中医医院皮肤科6匕京100216通信作者：周冬梅,Emaii：32174837@ 性复发性炎症性皮肤病,本病病程长,常反复发作,缠绵难愈,严重时皮损泛发全身,大量脱屑，瘙痒难耐，给患者的身心健康带来严重影响，是皮肤科重点的研究疾病之一。
糖尿病新世界2016年12月•医药论坛窑DOI:10.16658/ki.1672-4062.2016.24.043诺和锐与诺和灵-R治疗妊娠期糖尿病的疗效对比观察于绪滨牡丹江市妇女儿童医院产科，黑龙江牡丹江157000[摘要]目的对比观察在妊娠期糖尿病治疗中采用诺和锐与诺和灵-R的临床治疗效果。
方法该研究选取该院收治的妊娠期糖尿病60例作为观察对象，选取时段为2013年1月一2016年1月期间，采用随机数字法进行平均分组，其 中30例给予诺和锐治疗的患者为实验组，而30例给予诺和灵-R治疗的患者为对照组，治疗后将2组患者的临床治疗效果进行观察和比较。
结果经过15 d的治疗，相较于对照组，实验组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均明显较优，低血糖发生率明显较低，血糖达标时间明显较短，胰岛素抵抗水平明显较低，2组各项比较对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
结论在妊娠期糖尿病治疗中与诺和灵-R相比，给予诺和锐治疗疗效确切，在临床上值得应用和推广。
[关键词]诺和锐;诺和灵-R曰妊娘期糖尿病；疗效[中图分类号]R714.25 [文献标识码]A[文章编号]1672-4062(2016)12(b)-0043-02 Observation on Comparison of Curative Effect of Insulin Aspart and No-volin-R in Treatment of Gestational Diabetes MellitusY U X u-b inDepartm ent of O bstetrics,M udanjiang W omen and Children H ospital,M udanjiang,Heilongjiang Province, 157000 China[Abstract] Objective To com pare the clinical treatm ent effect of Insulin Aspart and N ovolin-R in treatm ent of gestational diabetes m ellitus.Methods 60 cases of patients with gestational diabetes m ellitus adm itted and treated in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups with 30 cases in each,the experim ental group were treated with insulin aspart,while the control group were treated with novolin-R,and the clinical treatm ent effect of the two groups was observed and com pared.Results After 15 d treatm ent,the fasting blood sugar, 2 h blood sugar after dinner and glycosylated hemoglobin were obviously better than those in the control group,and the incidence rate of low blood sugar was obviously lower,and the blood sugar standard-reaching time was obviously shorter, and the insulin resistance level was obviously lower,and the differences in various indexes between the two groups had statistical significance by com parison(P<0.05). Conclusion The curative effect of insulin aspart in treatm ent of gestational diabetes m ellitus is more definite than that of Novolin-R,which is worth clinical promotion and application.[Key words] Insulin aspart;Novolin-R;Gestational diabetes m ellitus;Curative effect妊娠期糖尿病作为一■种妊娠期并发症在临床上是 较为常见的，孕妇在妊娠过程中出现首次糖代谢异常 情况称为妊娠期糖尿病。
数据比较英语作文模板英文回答：Introduction。
Data comparison is a critical aspect of data analysis, allowing us to identify patterns, trends, and relationships within datasets. It involves comparing two or more datasets to highlight similarities, differences, and correlations. This process is essential for making informed decisions and drawing meaningful conclusions from data.Types of Data Comparison。
There are various types of data comparison, each with its specific purpose:Simple Comparison: Comparing two or more datasetsside-by-side to identify similarities and differences in their values.Trend Comparison: Analyzing data over time to identify trends and patterns.Correlation Comparison: Determining the relationship between two or more variables to assess their dependence or independence.Cluster Comparison: Grouping data points into clusters based on their similarities and differences.Classification Comparison: Assigning data points to predefined categories based on their characteristics.Methods for Data Comparison。
5-FU对乳腺癌细胞系 MDA-MB-468中 Bmi-1、Sca-1和Oct-4基因表达的影响宋文刚;刘春灵;杨旭;杜华贞【摘要】目的：探讨Bmi-1表达与乳腺癌肿瘤干细胞、乳腺癌化疗耐药之间的关系。
方法采用MTT法检测不同浓度(0．01、0．1、1、10μg/ml)的5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fluorouracil,5-FU)作用于人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-468分别为48、72 h的增殖抑制情况,筛选合适的药物浓度。
使用筛选出的药物浓度干预乳腺癌细胞,加药组为实验组,未加药为对照组。
采用RT-PCR和Western blot法分别检测Bmi-1及干细胞相关因子Sca-1、Oct-4的mRNA和蛋白表达。
结果 MTT检测显示5-FU 明显抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖,筛选出最适宜浓度为0．1μg/ml。
RT-PCR检测显示,实验组中不同代细胞间Bmi-1及Sca-1、Oct-4的mRNA表达差异有统计学意义(P均<0．05),并表现出以下变化趋势：降低(第1代)—升高(第2代)—继续升高(第3代)—降低(第4代)—升高(第5代)—降低(第6代)。
Western blot法结果显示,在实验组中不同代细胞间Bmi-1、Sca-1、Oct-4蛋白表达差异有统计学意义(P 均<0．05),并表现与上述mRNA表达相似的趋势。
Bmi-1与干细胞因子Sca-1、Oct-4的mRNA和蛋白表达均呈显著正相关(r=1,P均<0．01)。
结论 Bmi-1表达与干细胞因子Sca-1、Oct-4表达水平均呈显著正相关,提示Bmi-1基因可能成为新的乳腺癌肿瘤干细胞标志物。
化疗药物5-FU影响乳腺癌细胞中Bmi-1表达及肿瘤干细胞比例,提示Bmi-1基因可能与乳腺癌化疗耐药及复发有关。
%Purpose To explore the relation between the expression of Bmi-1 and cancer stem cells and its relation to chemotherapy re-sistance in breast cancer. Methods MTT method was applied to detect the inhibition effect onprol iferation of different concentrations (0. 01, 0. 1, 1, 10 μg/ml) of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to MDA-MB-468 cells with 48 and 72 hours culture, a curve of proliferation in-hibition rate was drawn, and a suitable experiment concentration of 5-FU was chosen. MDA-MB-468 cells was serially passaged under continuous interference with the suitable concentration of 5-FU, 6 generations of cells were collected, cells with 5-FU interference were designed as experiment group and a corresponding control group with no 5-FU was set. RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to ex-amine mRNA and protein expression of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of cells of both control group and experiment group. Results Results of the MTT test showed that 5-FU could inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468, the 5-FU concentration of 0. 1 μg/ml was chosen as the suitable experiment concentration. RT-PCR tests showed that the differ-ences between the relative mRNA expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were not sta-tistically significant in control group (all P>0. 05) and that the differences between the relative mRNA expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were of statistical significance in experiment group cells (all P<0. 05). The mRNA expression of Bmi-1, Sca-1 and Oct-4 showed the following tendency in the 6 generations of passaged cells:decrease (1st gen-eration)—increase (2nd generation)—continuous increase (3rd generation)—decrease (4th generation)—increase (5th genera-tion)—decrease (6th generation). Western blot tests indicated that the differences between the relative protein expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generationsof MDA-MB-468 cells were not statistically significant in control group and that the differ-ences between the relative protein expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were of sta-tistical significance in experiment group cells (all P<0. 05). The expression of Bmi-1 was positively correlated with stem cell associat-ed factors Sca-1, Oct-4 (r=1, all P<0. 01). Conclusions The expression of Bmi-1 gene is positively correlated with expression of stem cell associated factors Sca-1 and Oct-4 in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 cell, and Bmi-1 may be a novel marker for cancer stem cells in breast cancer. Administration of 5-FU can affect the expression level of Bmi-1 and the ration of cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. Bmi-1 gene may be associated with drug resistance to chemotherapy and recurrence in breast cancer.【期刊名称】《临床与实验病理学杂志》【年(卷),期】2015(000)005【总页数】5页(P523-527)【关键词】乳腺肿瘤;5-氟尿嘧啶;Bmi-1;肿瘤干细胞;耐药性【作者】宋文刚;刘春灵;杨旭;杜华贞【作者单位】河南省漯河医学高等专科学校病理学教研室，漯河 462000;河南省漯河医学高等专科学校病理学教研室，漯河 462000;河南省漯河医学高等专科学校病理学教研室，漯河 462000;河南省漯河医学高等专科学校病理学教研室，漯河 462000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R737.9乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，位居我国女性恶性肿瘤病死率的第6位[1]。
苦碟子注射液对腔隙性脑梗死患者脑血管反应性的影响林福虹;李炳尧;王洪权;赵伟丽【摘要】目的：：探讨苦碟子注射液对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者脑血管反应性( CVR)的影响。
方法：选择急性腔隙性脑梗死患者80例，采用随机、双盲和平行对照的方法，把患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各40例。
两组患者均接受脑梗死的基本治疗，对照组患者给予胞磷胆碱1 g/d治疗；治疗组患者给予苦碟子注射液40 ml/d加胞磷胆碱1 g/d治疗，两组患者均共治疗14 d。
治疗前后，采用经颅多普勒( TCD)结合屏气试验检测两组患者的屏气指数( BMI)；观察苦碟子注射液对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者脑血管反应性的影响。
结果：治疗前，两组患者的屏气指数无差别(P>0.05)；治疗后，治疗组患者的屏气指数比治疗前明显提高(P<0.05)，较对照组亦增加(P<0.05)。
结论：苦碟子注射液具有改善急性腔隙性脑梗死患者脑血流动力学的作用，是治疗急性腔隙性脑梗死患者的有效药物。
%Objective:To study effect of Kudiezi injection on cerebral vasomotor reactivity in patients with acute cerebral lacu-nar infarction. Methods:A randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial was employed. Eighty patients with acute cerebral la-cunar infarction were divided into control group and treatment group, 40 cases in each group. They all accepted the basic treatment of cerebral infarction. Besides, the control group was treated with Citicoline injection (1g/d, i. v drip), while the treatment group was treated with Kudiezi injection (40ml/d, i. v drip). After 14 days treatment, transcranial Doppler and breath holding test were used to evaluate the cerebral vasomotor reactivity by testing breath-holding index before and after the intervention, and the effects of Kudiezi injection on cerebralvasomotor reactivity were observed. Results:The levels of the breath-holding index of the two groups had no sta-tistical significant difference before the treatment (P>0. 05). The level of the breath-holding index of treatment group increased signif-icantly after Kudiezi treatment (P<0. 05), and was higher than that of control group (P<0. 05). Conclusions: Kudiezi can improve the cerebrovascular hemodynamics of acute cerebral lacunar infarction patients, and is an effective drug for the treatment of acute cere-bral lacunar infarction.【期刊名称】《中国民康医学》【年(卷),期】2016(028)012【总页数】3页(P1-3)【关键词】腔隙性脑梗死;脑血管反应性;苦碟子注射液【作者】林福虹;李炳尧;王洪权;赵伟丽【作者单位】赤峰学院附属医院神经内科，内蒙古赤峰 024005;赤峰市肿瘤医院肿瘤内科;赤峰学院附属医院神经内科，内蒙古赤峰 024005;赤峰学院附属医院神经内科，内蒙古赤峰 024005【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R743【Key words】Cerebral lacunar infarction；Cerebral vasomotor reactivity；Kudiezi injection急性腔隙性脑梗死主要是患者大脑半球深部穿支动脉动脉粥样硬化导致管腔闭塞，形成小的梗死灶，其高发病率、高致残率及高复发率严重危害人类健康。
Text 1①If you were to examin e the birthcertif icate s of everysoccer player in 2006's WorldCup tournam en t, you wouldmost likely find a noteworthyquirk: elitesoccer player s are more likely to have been born in the earlie r months of the year than in the laterm onths. ②If you then examin ed the Europe an nation al y ou thteamsthat feed the WorldCup and profes sional ranks, you wouldfind this strang e phenom enonto be even more pronou n ced.①What might accoun t for this strang e phenom enon?②Here are a few guesse s: a) certai n astrol ogi cal signsconfer superi or soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capaci ty, whichi ncreases soccer stamin a; c) soccer-mad parent s are more likely to concei ve childr en in spring time, at the annu al peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.①Anders Ericss on, a 58-year-old psychologyprofes sor at Florid a StateUniversity, says he believ es strong ly in“none of the above.”②Ericss on grew up in Sweden, and studie d nuclear engineering untilh e reali z ed he wouldh ave more opportunity to conduct his own resear ch if he switch ed to psychol ogy.③His firstexperiment, nearly 30 yearsago, involv ed memory: traini ng a person to hear and then repeat a random seri es of numbers. ④“With the first subjec t, afterabout 20 hoursof traini ng, his digitspan had risenf rom 7 to 20,”Ericss on recall s. ⑤“He kept improv ing, and afterabout 200 hoursof traini ng he had risento over 80 number s.”①This succes s, couple d with laterresear ch showin g that memory itself is not geneti cally determ in ed, led Ericss on to conclu de that the act of memori zingis more of a cognitive exerci se than an intuitive one. ②In otherwords, whatev er inborn differ ences two people may exhibi t in theirabiliti es to memori ze, thosediffer ences are swampe d by how well each person“encode s”the inform ation.③And the best way to learnhow to encode inform ation meanin g full y, Ericss on determ ined, was a proces s knownas delibe ratepractice.④Delibe ratepracti ce entail s more than simply repeating a task. ⑤Rather, it involv es settin g specif ic goal s, obtain ing immedi ate feedba ck and concen trati ng as much on techni que as on outcom e.①Ericss on and his colleaguesh ave thus takento studyi ng expert performersin a wide rangeof pursuits, including soccer. ②They gather all the data they can, not just performance statis tics and biogra ph ical detail s but also the result s of theirown labora toryexperiments with high achiev ers. ③Theirwork makes a rather startl ing asserti on: the traitwe common ly call talent is highly overra ted. ④Or, put another way, expert perform ers—whethe r in memory or surgery, ballet or comput er progra mming—are nearly always made, not born.21.The birthd ay phenom enonf oundamongsoccer player s is mentio n ed to __________.[A] stress the import anceof profes sional traini ng[B] spotli ght the soccer supers tars of the WorldCup[C] introdu ce the topicof what makesexpert performance[D]explai n why some soccer teamsplay better than others22.The word“mania”(Line 4, Paragr aph 2) most probably means__________.[A] fun[B] craze[C] hysteri a[D] excite m ent23.According to Ericss on, good memory __________.[A] depend s on meanin gful proces singof inform ation[B] result s from intuitive rather than cognitive exerci ses[C] is determ inedby geneti c rather than psychol ogic al factor s[D] requir es immedi ate feedba ck and a high degree of concen trati on24.Ericss on and his colleaguesbeliev e that __________.[A] talent is a domina tingf actor for profes sional succes s[B] biogra phical data provid e the key to excell ent performance[C] the role of talent tendsto be overlo oked[D] high achiev ers owe theirsucces s mostly to nurtur e25.Whichof the following prover bs is closes t to the messag e the text triesto convey?[A]“Faithwill move mounta i ns.”[B]“One reapswhat one sows.”[C]“Practi ce makesperfec t.”[D]“Like father, like son.”Text 2①For the past severa l years, the Sunday newspa per supple m ent Parade has featur ed a column called “Ask Marily n.”②People are invite d to queryMarily n vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a men tal level of someon e about 23 yearsold; that gave her an IQ of 228—the highes t scoreever record ed. ③IQ testsask you to comple te verbal and visual analog i es, to envisi on paper afteri t has been folded and cut, and to deduce numeri cal sequen ces, amongother simila r tasks.④So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant f ields such querie s from the averag e Joe (whoseIQ is 100) as, What's the differ encebetwee n love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coinci dence? ⑤It's not obviou s how the capaci ty to visual ize object s and to figure out numeri cal pattern s suitsone to answer questi ons that have eluded some of the best poets and philos opher s.①Clearl y, intelligenc e encomp asses more than a scoreon a test. ②Just what does it mean to be sm art?③How much of intell igenc e can be specif ied, and how much can we learnabouti t from neurol ogy, genetics,comput er scienc e and otherfields?①The defini ng term of intelligenc e in humans still seemsto be the IQ score, even though IQ testsare not givenas oftenas they used to be. ②The test comesprimarily in two forms: the Stanfo rd-Binet I ntelligenc e Scaleand the Wechsl er Intell igenc e Scales (both come in adultand childr en's versio n). ③Generally costin g severa l hundre d dollar s, they are usuall y givenonly by psychologis ts, althou gh variati onsof them popula te bookst ores and the WorldWide Web. ④Superh igh scores like vos Savant's are no longer possible, becaus e scorin g is now basedon a statis tical popula tiondistri butio n amongage peers, rather than simply dividi ng the mental age by the chronol ogic al age and multip l ying by 100. ⑤Otherstandardize d tests, such as the Schola sticAssess m ent T est (SA T) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), captur e the main aspect s of IQ tests.①Such standardize d testsm ay not assess all the import ant elemen ts necess ary to succee d in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternb erg. ②In his articl e“How Intelligent Is Intell igenc e Testin g?”, Sternb erg notes th at traditi onal testsbest assess analytical an d verbal skills but fail to measur e creati vityand practical knowle dge, compon ents also critic al to proble m solvin g and life succes s. ③Moreov er, IQ testsdo not necess arily predic t so well once popula tions or situati onschange. ④Resear ch has foundthat IQ predicted leader shipskills when the testswere givenunderl ow-stress conditi ons, but underhigh-stress conditi o n s, IQ was negati velycorrel atedwith leadership—that is, it predic ted the opposi te. ⑤Anyone who has toiled throug h SA T will testif y that test-taking skill also matter s, whether it's knowin g when to guessor what questions to skip.26.Whichof the following may be requir ed in an intell igenc e test?[A] Answering philos ophic al questi ons.[B] Foldin g or cuttin g paperi nto differ ent shapes.[C] Tellin g the differ ences betwee n certai n concep ts.[D] Choosi ng wordsor graphs simila r to the givenones.27.What can be inferr ed aboutintelligenc e testin g from Paragr aph 3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indica tor of intell igenc e.[B] More versio n s of IQ testsare now availa ble on the Intern et.[C] The test conten ts and formats for adults and childr en may be differ ent.[D] Scientistsh ave define d the import ant elemen ts of humanintell igence.28.People nowada ys can no longer achiev e IQ scores as high as vos Savant's becaus e __________.[A] the scores are obtain ed throug h differ ent computation al proced u res[B] creati vityrather than analytical s kills is emphasizedn ow[C] vos Savant's case is an extrem e one that will not repeat[D] the defini ng charac teris tic of IQ testsh as change d29.We can conclu de from the last paragr aph that __________.[A] test scores may not be reliable indica torsof one's ability[B] IQ scores and SAT result s are highly correl ated[C] testin g involv es a lot of guessw ork[D] traditional testsare out of date30.What is the author's attitu de toward s IQ tests?[A] Suppor tive.[B] Skepti cal.[C] Impartial.[D] Biased.Text 3①During the past genera tion, the Americ an middle-classf amily that once couldcount on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transf ormed by econom ic risk and new realiti es. ②Now a pink slip, a bad diagno sis, or a disapp earin g spouse can reduce a family from solidl y middle classto newlypoor in a few months.①In just one genera tion, millio n s of mother s have gone to work, transf ormin g basicf amily econom ics.②Schola rs, policy maker s, and critic s of all stripe s have debate d the social implic ation s of thesechange s, but few have looked at the side effect:family risk has risenas well. ③Today's famili es have budget ed to the limits of theirn ew two-payche ck status. ④As a result, they have lost the parach u te they once had in timesof financi al setbac k—a back-up earner (usuall y Mom) who couldg o into the workfo rce if the primary earn er got laid off or fell sick. ⑤This“added-worker effect”couldsuppor t the safety net offere d by unempl o yment insura n ce or disabi lityinsura n ce to help famili es weathe r bad times.⑥But today, a disruptionto family fortun es can no longer be made up with extraincome from an otherw ise-stay-at-home partne r.①During the same period, famili es have been askedto absorb much more risk in thei rreti rem en tincome. ②Steelw orker s, airlin e employ ees, and now thosein the auto indust ry are joinin g millio n s of families who must worryaboutintere st rates, stockm arket fluctu ation, and the harshreality that they may outlive theirretire mentm oney.③For much of the past year, Presid ent Bush campai gnedto move Social Security to a saving s-accoun t model, with retire es tradin g much or all of theirguaran teedpaymen ts for paymen ts depending on investm ent return s. ④For younger famili es, the pictur e is not any better. ⑤Both the absolu te cost of health care and the shareof it borneby famili es have risen—and newlyf ashio n able health-saving s plansare spreading from legisl ative hallsto Wa-Mart worker s, with much higher deducti bles and a larg enew dose of investment risk for famili es' future health care.⑥Even demogr aphic s are workin g agains t the middle classf amily, as the odds of having a weak elderl y parent—and all the attend ant need for physic al and financial assist ance—h ave jumped eightf old in just one genera tion.①From the middle-classf amily perspe ctive, much of this, unders tanda bly, looksf ar less like an opportunity to exerci se more financial respon sibil ity, and a good deal more like a fright ening accele ratio n of the wholesale shift of financi al risk onto theiralread y overbu rdene d should ers. ②The financial fallou t has begun, and the politi cal fallou t may not be far behind.31.Today's double-income famili es are at greate r financial risk in that __________.[A] the safety net they used to enjoyh as disapp eared[B] theirchance s of beinglaid off have greatl y increa sed[C] they are more vulner ableto change s in family econom ics[D] they are depriv ed of unempl oymen t or disabi lityinsura n ce32.As a result of Presid ent Bush's reform, retire d people may have __________.[A] a higher senseof securi ty[B] less secure d paymen ts[C] less chance to invest[D] a guaran teedfuture33.According to the author, health-saving s planswill __________.[A] help reduce the cost of health care[B] popula rizeamongthe middle class[C] compen satef or the reduce d pensio n s[D] increase the famili es' investment risk34.It can be inferr ed from the last paragr aph that __________.[A] financial riskstend to outwei gh politi cal risks[B] the middle classm ay face greate r politi cal challe n ges[C] financial proble m s may bringabout politi cal proble m s[D] financial respon sibil ity is an indica tor of politi cal status35.Whichof the following is the best titlef or this text?[A] The Middle Classon the Alert[B] The Middle Classon the Cliff[C] The Middle Classin Confli ct[D] The Middle Classin RuinsText 4①It neverrainsbut it pours.②Just as bosses and boards have finall y sorted out theirworst accountingand compli ancetroubl es, and improv ed theirfeeble corpor ation govern ance, a new proble m threat e ns to earn them—especi allyin Americ a—the sort of nastyh eadli nes that inevit ablyl ead to headsrollin g in the executive suite: data insecu rity.③Left, untiln ow, to odd, low-level IT staffto put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industriessuch as bankin g, telecoms and air travel, inform ation protec tioni s now high on the boss's agenda in businesses of everyv ariety.①Severa l massiv e leakag es of custom er and employ ee data this year—from organi zatio n s as divers e as Time Warner, the Americ an defens e contra ctor Scienc e Applic ation s Intern ation al Corp and even the Universityof Califo rnia, Berkel ey—have left manage rs hurrie dly peerin g into theirintric ate IT system s and business processes in search of potenti al vulner abili ties.①“Data is becomi ng an assetwhichn eedsto be guarde d as much as any otherasset,”says Haim Mendel son of Stanfo rd Univer sity's busine ss school. ②“The ability to guardcustom er data is the key to market value, whichthe boardi s respon sible for on behalf of shareh older s.”③Indeed, just as thereis the concept of Generally Accept ed Accoun tingPrinci ples(GAAP), perhap s it is time for GASP, Generally Accept ed Securi ty Practi ces, sugges ted Eli Noam of New Y ork's Columbia Busine ss School. ④“Settin g the proper investmentl evelf or securi ty, redund ancy, and recovery is a managementi ssue, not a techni cal one,”he says.①The mystery is that this should come as a surpri se to any boss.②Surely it should be obviou s to the dimmes t executive that trust, that most valuable of econom ic assets, is easily destro y ed and hugely expensive to restor e—and that few things are more likely to destro y trust than a compan y lettin g sensitive person al data get into the wrongh ands.①The curren t stateof affair s may have been encour aged—though not justif i ed—by the lack of leg alpenalty (in Americ a, but not Europe) for data leakag e. ②Until Califo rniarecently passed a law, American firmsdid not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray.③That may change fast: lots of propos ed data-securi ty legisl ation is now doingthe rounds in Washin g ton,D.C.④Meanwh ile, the theftof inform ation aboutsome 40 millio n credit-card accoun ts in Americ a, disclo sed on June 17th, oversh adowed a hugely import ant decisi on a day earlie r by Americ a's Federa l TradeCommis sion(FTC) that puts corporate Americ a on notice that regula torswill act if firmsf ail to provid e adequa te data securi ty.36.The statem ent“It neverrainsbut it pours”is used to introdu ce __________.[A] the fierce busine ss competition[B] the feeble boss-boardrelati ons[C] the threat from news report s[D] the severi ty of data leakag e37.According to Paragr aph 2, some organi zatio n s checktheirsystem s to find out __________.[A] whethe r thereis any weak point[B] what sort of data has been stolen[C] who is respon sible for the leakag e[D] how the potential spiescan be locate d38.In bringi ng up the concep t of GASP the author is making the pointthat __________.[A] shareh older s' intere sts should be properly attend ed to[B] inform ation protec tionshould be givendue attention[C] busine ss should enhanc e theirl evel of accoun tingsecuri ty[D] the market valueof custom er data should be emphasized39.According to Paragr aph 4, what puzzle s the author is that some bosses fail to __________.[A] see the link between trust and data protec tion[B] percei ve the sensitivity of person al data[C] realiz e the high cost of data restor ation[D] appreci atethe econom ic valueof trust40.It can be inferr ed from Paragr aph 5 that __________.[A] data leakag e is more severe in Europe[B] FTC's decisi on is essential to data securi ty[C] Califo rniatakesthe lead in the securi ty legisl ation[D] legal penalty is a majorsoluti on to data leakag e。
中国药房2017年第28卷第18期China Pharmacy 2017V ol.28No.18首乌丸由制何首乌、熟地黄、桑椹等中药组成，具有补肝肾、益精血、乌须发的功效，可用于治疗肝肾两虚、头晕目花、耳鸣、腰酸肢麻、须发早白、高血脂等症[1]。
该制剂现收载于2015年版《中国药典》（一部），采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC ）作为测定首乌丸中二苯乙烯苷含量的标准方法，但该方法操作较为烦琐，不仅费时费力，而且易破坏样品[2]。
近红外漫反射光谱法（Near infrared diff-use reflectance spectroscopy ，NIDRS ）作为一门绿色分析技术，通过扫描样品的近红外光谱，可以得到样品中有机分子含氢基团的特征信息[3]，在药物的定性、定量分析方面具有广泛的应用前景[4-7]。
鉴于此，本课题组采用NIDRS 法建立了快速测定首乌丸中二苯乙烯苷含量的方法，以期为完善该制剂的质量标准提供参考。
1材料1.1仪器1120型全自动HPLC 仪，配备SIL-20A 自动进样器、SPD-20A 紫外检测器、LC solution 工作站（日本Shim-adzu 公司）；Nicolet 6700型傅里叶变换近红外光谱仪，配有漫反射积分球、样品旋转器和石英样品杯、OMNIC 光谱采集软件和TQ 8.0分析软件（美国Thermo 公司）；BIY 211b 型万分之一电子分析天平和AY 120型十万分Δ基金项目：广东省科技计划项目（No.2009B 030801044）＊硕士研究生。
研究方向：中药资源与质量。
E-mail ：xila_1990@#通信作者：教授，博士。
研究方向：中药资源、中药质量标准及中药新药研究。
E-mail ：shengguo_ji@ 近红外漫反射光谱法快速测定首乌丸中二苯乙烯苷的含量Δ刘喜乐＊，贾灿潮，姬生国#（广东药科大学中药学院，广州510006）中图分类号R 917文献标志码A 文章编号1001-0408（2017）18-2539-04DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2017.18.26摘要目的：建立快速测定首乌丸中二苯乙烯苷含量的方法。
两台不同生化分析仪检测结果一致性校正3李桂彩1,曹 娟2,肖静坤1(1.湖南师范大学附属湘东医院检验科,湖南醴陵 412200;2.深圳儿童医院,广东广州 518026) [摘要] 目的:达到不同的生化检测系统(仪器、试剂、方法等不同)对同一份标本的测定结果,具有较好的可比性、一致性。
方法:按照美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCC LS )EP 9-A 文件的要求,以Roche P800生化分析仪及Roche 原装配套的试剂、校准品、质控品、测定程序为标准检测系统(参比系统);用LE ADMAN 多项标准液的标示值校准“M T -100+/中生试剂”的检测系统为A 检测系统;用病人新鲜混合血清作为临时校准品,LE AD MAN 多项标准液经标准系统准确度传递后,其标示值转换为实际校正值,再用此值校正“M T -100+/中生试剂”系统为B 检测系统。
在上述三个检测系统上同时测定40份病人血清的葡萄糖(Glu )、尿素(URE A )、肌酐(C r )、a -淀粉酶(A MY )[浓度覆盖整个可测范围]。
并对所测结果进行偏倚评估、相关性及线性回归分析。
结果:A 检测系统测定的指标与标准系统测定的比较,相对偏倚均大于510%(绝对值),其线性回归不理想,但相关系数(r)均>01975。
B 检测系统测定的指标与标准系统测定的比较,相对偏倚均小于510%(绝对值),其线性回归良好,相关系数(r )均>01990。
结论:两台不同的生化分析仪对同一份标本的测定结果存在偏差,用新鲜混合血清作为临时校准品来进行仪器比对、校正、准确度传递,保证了结果的可比性、一致性,从而满足了临床需要。
[关键词] 生化分析仪;检测系统;相对偏倚;一致性;校正[中图分类号]R 44611 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673-016x(2008)01-0054-04C oncor dan ce C or r ect ofD etecti on Result with TwoD i ffer en t B i ochem i ca l Ana lyzer sL I Gui 2cai 1,C AO Juan 2,X I A O J ing 2kun 1(1.D epa rt m ent of labora tory,The Affilia ted X i a ngdong H o spita l of Huna n N or m a l U niv ersity,L iling,Huna n,412200,China;2.ShenZhen Children πs Hospita l ,guangzhou,518026,China )[Abstra ct]O bject ive To app ly different bi oche m istry de tec tion syste m s (including different equi pment 、re 2agent and m ethod)to the sa m e sample to measure,the result can have bette r comparability and concordance .M e thods According to EP 92A document request ofN ati ona l Comm ittee f or C linical Laboratory of Standards (NC 2C LS ),by Roche P800bi ochem ical analyzer a swe ll as Roche asse m ble r eagent 、the calibrati on 、the quality contr ol and the pr ocess of deter m ination were standa r d detecti on system (r eference syste m );W ith LEAD MAN kinds of indi 2cated va lue of standard liquid to calibr a te “MT -100+/ZHO N G S HENG reagent ”detecti on syste m wa s “A ”detec 2ti on syste m;W ith the patients fresh pooled seru m for temporary calibrati on,LEA DMAN kinds of standard liquid thr ough accuracy r ating of standard syste m transf e rred,the indica ted va lue was transferred t o actuality correc tion value,then r eapplied the value t o ca librate “MT -100+/ZH ONG SHENG r eagent ”was “B ”de tec tion syste m.Si m 2ultaneously,above 2m enti oned three detecti on syste m s deter m ined 40pa tients seru m glucose (Glu)、Urea (UREA )、C r eati on(C r)and α2a mylase (A MY)(the whole c oncentr a tion scope can be measured).A t last,the r esults were used t o bias evaluati on 、dependablity and linear regression sta tistical analysis .R esult s The compare of m easure index bet ween “A ”detecti on syste m with standard detecti on syste m ,bias corres pondence all exceeded 510%,line 2a r regressi on ana lysiswasn πt fine,but coefficient correlati on (r )a ll large r than 01975.The compare of m ea sur e in 245湖南师范大学学报(医学版)J Hunan Nor m al Univ (M ed Sci ) 2008,5(1)3收稿日期6作者简介李桂彩(63—)女,湖南郴州人,主管检验师,主要从事临床生化检验。
