剑桥商务英语初级完整笔记(词汇)

M od ule1 Business Topic World of work词语准备business n. 工商公司；商行；商业technique n. 技巧 cross-culture adj.跨文化的Internet n.因特网，国际互联网presentation n.口头报告；陈说；表达public speaking演说，演讲consultant n. 顾问consultancy n. 咨询公司run(courses/workshops) vt. 创办（课程 /讲习班）one-to-one一对一的accredited adj. 公认的motivational adj. 激发踊跃性的client n. 客户entertaining adj. 风趣的，令人快乐的professional adj. 专业的，职业的involve vt. 包括；需要；使成为必需部分responsibility n. 责任；所负责的事情be responsible for sb./sth.对某人/某事负责title n. 头衔（如将军、博士、伯爵）；职称（如医生、教授）sample n. 样品；使用产品account n. 账目；账户correspondence n. （来往的）信函badge n. 徽章identify vt. 发现；确立catering service餐饮服务MD managing director的缩写，总经理，履行董事gadget n. 小巧的器材；小玩艺儿interior n. 车内产品；内部装修memo n. 备忘录；条子，便笺electrical appliances 电器，家用电器ship vt. 运送Power Point ( 用于设计制作专家报告、教师讲课、产品演示、广告宣传的 )电子版幻灯片，制作的演示文稿能够经过计算机屏幕或投影机播放bonus n. 奖金catalogue n. 产品目录positive adj. 踊跃乐观的presence n. 仪态，风采，风范diary n. 记事簿专闻名词Athens n. 雅典（希腊国都）Business Skills Personal and professional details词语准备division n. 分理处，部门colleague n. 同事profile n. 传略，人物简介；概略questionnaire n. 问卷，检查表interview n. 采访；面试single adj.只身一人的，未婚的musicial instrument乐器file n.档案，文件destination n. 目的地follow-up questions后续问题，增补问题swap vt. 互换electronics n. 电子学；电子器件varied adj.多变化的，各不同样的confectionary adj. 糖果的，有关甜食制造的annual adj.每年的，年度的allocate vt.分派，分派candidate n. 候选人criterion n. 标准，准则，（复数） criteria Inc.adj. Incorporated的缩写，股份有限的employee n. 雇员，职工values n. 价值观，准则supervise vt. 主管，监察，管理coordinate vt. 使协调scuba diving水肺潜水marathon马拉松赛跑finance assistant 财务助理audit vt.审计master’s degree 硕士学位judo n. 柔道Chronic Fatigue Syndrom慢性疲惫综合征ambitious adj. 壮心勃勃的internal adj.内部的external adj外面的journalism n, 新闻学，新闻业breed vt. 饲养terrier n. 小猎狗chewing gum口香糖gallery n. 画廊，美术馆format n. 形式，格式Photocopiable activities附带练习（，）词语准备write instructions for in-company software applications 为公司内部软件写应用说明do martial arts 练习武术financial controller财务总监give authorization受权quality assurance manager质量保证部门经理petrol station加油站office administrator办公室行政人员deputy manager副经理raw ingredient此处指食品原料finished product成品专闻名词Stockholm Vancouver 斯德哥尔摩（瑞典国都）温哥华（加拿大西海岸城市）Dublin都柏林（爱尔兰共和国国都）Module 2Business Topic Work in progress 词语准备be in progress 在进行中，在运转中project n. 项目，工程garden vi.&vt.栽种或修整花园，从事园工作update vt. 更新construction n. 建筑，建筑物apart from除了⋯⋯以外minor adj. 小的，次要的proceed vi. 行，下去panorama n. 全景，全景画management team管理take shape成形ahead of schedule提早于定划financial report告temp n. 雇help out 帮助（某人）解决困CEO chief executive officer的写，首席行官CFO chief financial officer的写，give a presentation of⋯⋯做述launch vt. 开始，开，推出photocopy vt.&n.影印，复印branch n. 分部，分店，分公司marketing manager 市理 projectmanager 目理subcontractor n. 包商period of transition过渡期permanent job永远性工作temporary employment agency 暂时就业中介机构try out 测试，试用take maternity leave休产假option n. 选择，可选择的方法career field职业领域existing skills现有的技术supervisor n. 主管，监察人temporary job暂时工作ask for a pay rise要求涨薪资meet one’s target 达成指标，达成定额sack vt. 辞退administration work 行政管理工作专闻名词Brazil巴西（南美洲国家）Lisbon 里斯本（葡萄牙国都）Belem 贝伦（巴西东北部港口城市）Fortaleza福塔雷萨（巴西东北部港口城市）Valencia巴伦西亚（西班牙港口城市）Montpellier蒙彼利埃（法国南部城市）Business Skills Making arrangements词语准备make arrangements做安排，做准备plant n. 工厂，车间take time off抽出一部分时间，休假，歇息finance director财务经理confirm vt. 确立，确认reception n. 招待，招待处，款待会trade fair交易会，展销会present vt. 介绍，介绍potential client潜伏的（准）客户quality inspector 质检人员job applicant求职者festival n. 节日self-employed adj. 自己经营的，个体的，自雇的accept an invitation接受邀请special reception特别款待会anniversary n.周年龄念venue n. 会场，会议地址attendance n. 列席，列席的人数专闻名词Prague布拉格（捷克斯洛伐克国都）Morpeth莫派斯（位于英国诺森伯兰郡）Helsinki赫尔辛基（芬兰国都）Buenos Aires布宜诺斯艾利斯（阿根廷国都）Toronto多伦多（加拿大主要城市）Sydney悉尼（澳大利亚东南部港口城市，新南威尔士州首府）Photocopiable activities附带练习（，）词语准备spot vt. 认出，发现odd adj. 奇异的，怪异的in-tray n. （办公室使用的）公函格，收件篮pyjamas n. 寝衣，宽长裤do yoga做瑜伽filing cabinet档案橱柜picnic blanket野餐用地毯cuddle vi.&vt.拥抱swivel chair 转椅make an excuse 编借口，找原因head of department 部门领导staff training职工培训do stock-taking清点存货attend new product launch 列席新产品推介会sales targets 销售指标PA abbr. Personal assistant 的写，个人助理 back up computer files 份文件inspect new branch premises察分公司新公楼hand in resignation交辞呈local gallery地方美Module 3Business Topic Company biography准Biography n. 形成，成和衰灭的（或史）；fast food restaurant快餐店transform vt. ，改，改造global business跨国企original adj. 最初的，原始的franchise n.&vt.特；⋯⋯以特feature n.&vt.是⋯⋯的特点，以⋯⋯特点French fries 炸土豆条softdrink料；汽水milkshake奶昔，泡沫牛奶（将牛奶和冰淇淋等混淆后打至起泡的料）purchase n.&vi.&vt. ， multimixer n. 多用混淆器，多用混淆机exclusive distributor独家批发商open vi.&vt.开设，创办，开张expand vi.&vt.扩大，扩充corporation n. 公司，公司cosmetic n. （一般用复数 cosmetics）化妆品inspire vt. 激发，启迪，使生灵感philosophy n. 哲学revolutionary adj.革命的raw material原资料supplier n.供应者，厂商ethical adj.伦理的；道德的travel agency旅游社contract vt. 订契约，立合同n. 契约，合同take delivery of收（货），提取（货物）merge vi.&vt.（公司、公司等的）归并fleet n. 舰队（尤指有固定活动地域的舰队）budget airline廉价航空公司go public 上市，公然出售股票 businesspartner 买卖伙伴，商业伙伴entrepreneurial adj. 公司家的 freelancern. 自由职业者，自由撰写人millionaire 网络百万富豪（靠建立网络公司或网络营销等发财）celebrity n. 名人entrepreneur n. 公司家专闻名词Kuwait City 科威特城（中东国家科威特国都） San Bernardino 圣贝纳迪诺（美国加利福尼亚州东南部的一个县）Illinois伊利诺斯州（美国中北部州）Business Skills Company performance 词语准备performance n. 业绩，成绩；性能distribute vt. 配送，散发，分送record profit 历史最高利润vegetarian n. 素食者adj. 素食的organic adj. ( 粮食 )不靠化肥生长的，施用有机肥料的ingredient nutritiousn. 配料；成分adj. 有营养成分的，营养的improve one ’s image改良形象banquet n. 宴会manufacturer n. 制造业者，厂商guarantee vt. 保证，担保symbol n.象征，符号，记号innovative adj. 创新的，改革的sport utility vehicle运动型多用途车component n. 成分optical instrument光学仪器validation n. （靠谱性）检测certify vt.证明，保证application n. 应用，运用assurance n. 保证，担保；确信，断言founder n. 首创人，奠定人turnover n. 营业额dramatically adv. 戏剧地；惹人注视地advertise vi.&vt.做广告，登广告annual report 年关报告，年关总结share price股票价钱proactive adj.踊跃的，主动的dedicated adj.专注的，献身的unique adj. 独一的，独到的access n. 靠近（进入）的时机；靠近（进入）的权益；如进口consolidate vi.&vt.稳固brochure n. 小册子in this respect在这个方面，在这个细节maximum n. 最大批，最大限度，极大Photocopiable activities 附带练习（，）词语准备coach n. 长途巴士vinyl record乙烯基唱片（最早出现于20 世纪 30年月）record label唱片公司company value公司价值airfare n. 飞机票价market share市场份额supermarket chain 连锁商场financial services金融服务insurance n. 保险credit card信誉卡personal banking services个人银行业务market stall市场货摊vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆take over接收，接收retailer n. 零售商self-service store自助商铺annual sales年销售额hypermarket大型超级市场，特级市场carbon footprint 碳踪迹（指一个人的能源意识和行为对自然界产生的影响）import n. vi.&vt.进口export .&vt. 出口competitor n. 竞争敌手wholesaler n. 批发商warehouse n. 库房audio product音响产品ban n.&vt. 禁令fashion industry crisis 服饰行业危机commissioner n. 委员 spokeswomann.女讲话人 huge losses 巨大损失resign n.;vi.&vt. 离职garment n. 服饰clothing blockade服饰封闭in favor of支持，同意disastrous adj. 损失沉重的import control进口控制import quotas进口配额compromise n. 妥协，折中stock exchange 证券交易所，证券交易appeal to sb. 对···有吸引力available adj. 有空的，能获得的dossier n.档案，卷宗flat adj. 没电的，电用完了的embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的in-house magazine 内部杂志participant n. 参加者stressful adj. 有压力的，紧急的moderator n. 会议主持人press the mute button 按下静音键reflect on 有损名誉，招来非议teleconference n.远程电话会议printer cartridges打印机墨盒description n. 种类，性质；描绘pass the message on to 把留言转给···complaint n. 投诉cancel vt.撤消extension number分机号码pharmaceuticals n. 医药用品budget n. 估算plasma screen TV 等离子电视freight forwarder货运商distributor n. 刊行人，销售商container n. 集装箱production manager生产经理，厂长stock broker 股票经纪人，证券经纪人London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所bank account 银行存款 bankrupt adj. 破产了的a modest life 朴素无华的生活accommodation n. 住所；膳宿get starter 开始source of income 收入根源olive n.橄榄farm produce n. 农产品business contact 买卖场的熟人 /关系deal in 经营make enquiries 咨询record shop 音像店human resource 人力资源HR manager人力资源经理photography exhibition n. 拍照展accountancy job会计工作passion n.激情，热忱competitive adj . 竞争的give up sth. all together 完整放弃某东西professional photographer 职业拍照师portrait n. 肖像，人像studio n. 照相室；画室；工作室；演播室；拍照场design office 设计室book cover 书的封面printer n. 印刷商；印刷工；打印机quotation n. 报价in full colour用彩色in black and white用黑白色a full progress report详尽的进展报告refer to参照，查阅，查察book fair书展a series of 一系列Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语 adj 意大利的，意大利语的 .coincidence n.偶合，巧事move n.行动；步骤；举措；方法consolidate one’s strong position 稳固某人的强势地位removal company搬运公司stationery文具，信纸keep sb. up-to-date 使某人信息灵通utility n. 公共事业；公用事业设施；公用事业公司bank loan银行贷款paperwork平时文书工作loan application贷款申请additive n. 增添剂flavor n. 滋味，滋味，香味on a small scale 小规模caf é小餐馆；饮食摊；咖啡馆snack bar 快餐柜，小吃店outlet n. 商铺；市场；销路strawberry n. 草莓pear n. 梨子mango n.芒果take on 聘用meet demand 知足需求health club健身俱乐部be in business 经商poster n. 海报，招贴office equipment 办公设施prefabricated hut 预制营房，活动房pharmaceutical company 制药公司previous adj. 在先的，在前的，从前的disastrous full 损失沉重的一跌 reach the highest level 达到最高水平passport n. 护照pilot n. 飞翔员take off 腾飞business/economy class 商务舱 /经济舱first class 一等舱check in 办理登记手续air traffic controller 空中交通管理员baggage handler 行李员 boarding pass 登机牌flight attendant空姐；空乘人员identity card身份证return ticket来回票，回程票single ticket 单程票overbook vt. 预约超额buffet n. 自助餐cause chaos 惹起杂乱lounge n.候机室pay an excess charge 额外付费consumer help section 花费者服务栏目in-flight adj. 机上的；在飞翔中的 airline representative 航空公司代表confirmation email 确认信，确认函ask sb. for a refund 要求退款 charge sb.向某人收费follow-up letter 追踪信函，后续信函fraud n. 诈骗，欺诈credit card fraud信誉卡诈骗amenity n. 便利设施direct-dial telephone 直拨电话jacuzzi n. 水流按摩浴缸room service （旅店等处送餐到客人房间的）客房用餐服务air-conditioning空调设施Internet connection网络连结hair dyer电吹风conference equipment 会议设施fitness room 健身房laundry service干洗服务luxury n. 豪华master suite 主套房junior suite一般套房contemporary cuisine 现代烹调 winelist 酒类一览表 nine-hole golf course九洞高尔夫球场concierge n.招待员，管理员broadband access 宽带接口complimentary newspaper 免费报纸provisional adj. 暂时的，暂定的 quotevt. 报价chambermaid n. 客房女服务员porter n. 行李员laptop n. 笔录本电脑express n.特快列车dispute n. 纷争，纠葛travel agent 旅游代劳人divert to转移，转向dental adj. 牙齿的 technician n. 技术员，技师 internalcommunication 内部交流ISO International Organization for Standardization 的缩写，国际标准化组织inspector n. 检查员，巡视员ensure vt.保证，担保make alterations 做改正punctuation n. 标点，标点符号testimonial. n. 证明书，介绍书refer to提到，谈到remote control vt.遥控，遥控装置install vt.安装，布置adjust vt.调整，调理，使适合personal preference 个人偏好characteristic n.特征，特点non-peak 非顶峰期electricity rate电价energy conservation n. switch lights on and off burglar n.夜盗fire brigade n.消防队cell phone 手机能源的节俭开关电灯watering system 浇水装置be away on holiday去度假maintenance n. 保护calculate vi&vt.计算fax n.&vt.传真photocopier n.传真机pen drive U 盘笔PDA Personal Digital Assistant 的缩写，个人数字助理skype n. 语音即时聊天软件scanner n. 扫描器，扫描仪laser printer n.激光打印机clientele n. 顾客，顾主submarine n.潜水艇，潜艇average family一般家庭running cost运live show 直播的表演estimate vi&vt估，估价exclusive hotel 高档旅value for money 性价比，物有所academic reputation 学名誉 tuitionfee n. 学curriculum n. （学校的所有）程lecturer n. 者，percentage of graduates in work生就率proximity n.靠近per annum adv.每年executive position 管理位quality of the teaching教课量flexibility n.性，机性career preparation准share second place with⋯与····并列第二availability of subjects 开 /供应的程possession n. 所有物，italics n. 斜体；斜体字triangle n.三角形rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的oval n.&adj.椭圆（的）circular adj.圆形的，循环的semicircle n. 半圆形length n. 长，长度width n. 宽，宽度height n. 高，高度depth n. 深，深度weight n. 重量LCD monitor LCD是 Liquid Crystal Display的缩写，液晶显示器diameter n.直径finish n. 末道漆grey metal金属灰inflatable adj. 充气的，膨胀的rental n. 租金额，租金收入euro n. 欧元provider n.供应者，供应者landline n.陆上电线broadband connection 宽带连结dial-up connection拨号连结technical support技术支持Internet service user互联网用户Consumer Protection Office保护花费者权益办公室monthly charge 月收费，月租 non-existent adj. 不存在的 couriercompany n. 快递公司 package n. 一整套东西；一揽子交易 mobile adj. 挪动的custom n. 光顾；习惯，民俗billing period付账期special offer 特价penalty n. 处分，罚款feedback n.反应exercise equipment 运动器材domestic market国内市场the local press 当地媒体drawer n.抽屉red wood （木质为红色的）红树；红树木材graffiti n.涂鸦，乱涂乱画graffiti-resistant adj.抗涂鸦的vandal n. 成心破坏公共者property n.特征；特be dedicated to 用于carry out行，automatically adv.自地show⋯around ⋯某人参··· vandalise vt.残害，破坏deface vt. 破坏外，丑化 maintenancestaff 人，修人 automate vi&vt. 使自化 output n. 量demand n. 需求assembly line 生，流水work at full capacity 荷工作，以所有力量工作buyer ’s market 方市 exceed vt. 高出loading bay装卸平台Inventory n.物清stock n. 存，存defect n. 弊端，缺点eliminate vt.除去，除去adopt vt. 采纳，采；收养key features 主要特点；特点principle n.原则；原理solution n. 解决方法mechanism n. 体制voicemail n. 电子语音邮件petrol n.汽油（英）diesel n. 柴油optical cell光电仪器barcode scanner 条码扫描仪pager n. 寻呼机smoke detector/alarm 烟雾探测器closed circuit television 闭路电视disposable cup 一次性杯子 lid n.盖子；被盖smart adj. 奇妙的；聪慧的 temperature-sensitive adj. 对温度敏感的anti-virus program防病毒软件production targets生产指标be compatible with与···兼容；一致log on (to) 登录电脑；注册customer service 客户服务break into破门而入go out of business 停业，休业keep crashing 指电脑系统出故障be off sick with flu得流感请病假kiln n. （砖，石灰等的）窑，炉；干燥炉plant manager 工厂经理，厂长 ceramic adj. 陶瓷制品的meet quality standard 切合质量标准fuel n. 燃料sign a contract签一份合同reliable adj.靠谱地，可信任的recommendation n. 介绍departure time 腾飞时间in-flight service机上服务joint decision共同决定scenario n. 场景，情形cashier n. 出纳员administrator n. 管理员，行政官 branch manager 分行经理，分公司经理 security guard 警卫，保安foreign exchange department外汇部prototype n. 原型；样品，样本norm n.标准，规范exhaust emission 荒弃排放hybrid n&adj.杂交（的），混血儿（的），混种（的）hydrogen n. 氢power generator发电机alternative n. 两者择一，可供选择的方法 /事物car-oriented lifestyle 以车为主的生活方式 trial version 试验品，试用品prediction n.展望tram n.有轨电车occupant n. 据有者，所有者；文中指坐车者public transport 公共交通 solar panel 太阳能电池板joint venture合资公司state-of-the-art technology最初进的/最优秀的技术electricity generation plant发电厂withdraw vt.撤退，退出strategy n. 策略，战略stabilize vi&vt. 使稳固，保持···稳固geographical adj. 地理学的，地理的make a correct assessment 正确评估analysis n. 剖析external factor adj.外面要素mutual benefit互惠，互利foreign exchange transaction 外汇交易，外汇业务relevant Chinese laws 有关的中国法律 a rise in the demand 需求的增加low cost electricity廉价电tax rate 税率viable adj.可行的with a view to 着眼于，以···为目的，考虑到appropriate adj. 适合的legal adj. 法律的，法定的，合法的environmental adj. 四周的，环境的private property 私有财富 commentn.&vi. 议论 Unpredictable adj. 不行预知的Implication n. 含意，示意；行动、决定等可能产生的影响With regard to对于tropical adj.热带的hit by a hurricane受飓风侵袭sweep across 横扫crane operator起重机驾驶员structural damage构造破坏power and communications lines 电线和通信线路telephone line 电话线road and rail links 公路和铁路线disrupt vt. 使中止，使陷于杂乱，破坏emergency team n.紧抢营救队restore vt. 恢复，修复，重修 keysector 重点部门 subsidiary n. 子公司 handle a crisis n. 办理危机 onthe night shift 上晚班 evacuate vt.分散，撤出 emergency meeting 紧急会议 machinery n. （总称）机器，机械 cut off 切断；隔绝give sb. an update 通知某人最新信息 /状况action point行动重点repair work维修工作collapse n.&vi. 坍毁，崩溃，崩溃retail sector 零售部门 interest rate利率allegation n. 指控financial malpractice财务作弊salmonella n. 沙门氏菌poultry industry n.家禽业chaos n.杂乱，混沌typical adj. 典型的point of contact联系人podcast iPod+broadcast 演化而来，播客（是个人经过互联网公布信息的方式，以音频和视频信息为主）headline n. （报纸的）大字标题take a hard look at sth.亲密凝视某事务appoint vt.任命，任命spokesperson n.讲话人，代言人，辩白士panic n.&vi.慌张，惊慌compassion n. 同情，同情brand image品牌形象agenda n. 议程move on 持续food poisoning 食品中毒specialist catering magazine 专业餐饮杂志review n.&vt. 议论blog weblog （网络日记）的简称，博客（是个人经过互联网公布信息的方式，以文字和图片信息为主）spill n.&vt. 溢出，溅出，散落，使流出main course 主菜steak tartar(e) （伴有洋葱、鸡蛋等供生吃的）鞑靼牛排lamb shop 小羊排dessert n. 餐后甜点things go from bad to worse 状况愈来愈糟apologise for sth. 为某事致歉accept full responsibility肩负所有责任collateral n.担保品，抵押品under-used adj.未充足利用的；使用不妥的deposit n&vt.存款poverty n. 贫困，贫困rural area乡村地域commute vi. （乘公共汽车、火车或船）来往（于工作地址和住所之间），通勤middle management 中层管理人员discipline n. 分心，分心的事物distraction n. 孟加拉国（亚洲国家）portfolio n. 组合full-time education整日教育，脱产教育people in jobs 任职职工education in the workplace 任职教育prioritise vt. 把···划分优先序次innovation n. 改革，创新 mindgymnastics 思想训练profitability n.利润性qualification n. 资格；资格证书expertise n.专家的建议；专业技术seminar n. 商讨会；研修班semester course 学期课程 e-learning n. 网络学习lecture theatre 报告厅 well-attended adj. 有好多人参加的leadership n. 领导才能brain power智能Sudoku n. 数独游戏cross word puzzle 填字游戏tuna .n. 金枪鱼salmon n. 鲑鱼vice versa adv. 反之亦然 charismatic adj. 有魅力或领袖气质的authoritative adj. 有威望的 organized adj. 有条理的 understanding adj. 善解人意的 leadership potential 领导潜能 resolve disagreement 解决分歧take responsibility for 对···负责任inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的agree on 对···获得一致建议conference n. 会议keynote speaker 主讲话人new venture 新公司，新项目multi-sectorial event行业集合，聚会arrange catering安排餐饮registration form注册表finalise budget 最后确立估算priority n. 优先办理的事，优先权human interaction 人际互动network n. 人际关系网entrepreneurship n. 公司家精神strategic planning 战略规划do without 没有···也行 be/goover budget 高出估算 preferentialrates 优惠价，特惠价 small talk 闲聊be proud of为···感觉骄傲thanks to 感谢···have sb./sth. doing 让某人 /某物处于做某事的状态smart-casual clothes 质量上乘的休闲服饰corporate hospitality公司招待，商务招待politics n. 政治；政见earnings n. 所得，收入dress code 着装老例，着装准则local specialty 地方特产recommend vt.介绍；介绍business correspondence 商业信函catering company餐饮公司top quality质量上乘corporate event 公司活动specialize in 善于于；专政discount n. 折扣faulty adj.有弊端的，有弊端的acknowledge vt. 酬谢health and safety signs 健康与安全标记first aid 抢救high voltage 高电压in case of 假定，万一elevator n. 电梯commence vi&vt.开始，着手Fire alarm call point 火警呼喊按钮assembly point 会合处 hazard n. 危险，冒险的事 minor injury n. 小伤procedure n. 程序；手续emergency n.紧急状况，忽然事件cement factory 水泥厂 fire extinguisher 灭火器protective clothing防备衣temperature n. 温度consume vt.花费waste material垃圾canteen n. 食堂sign in 签到production area生产区production line生产线main office building办公主楼no-smoking zone 非抽烟区keep clean and tidy 保持洁净和整齐fire exit n. 安全出口，紧急出口clearly marked 清楚地注明clock in 用打卡机记录上班时间 fire drill 消防训练，火灾逃难训练delete vt. 删除get the sack 被辞退，被解职high-heel shoes 高跟鞋be clear of obstacles n.没有阻碍物 be kept clear 保持畅达tie back one’s hair 把头发向后扎起来 protective mask 防备面具bend one’s knees 屈膝white coat 白大褂workplace etiquette工作场所行为规范dos and don’ts in the workplace工作场所行为准则deep vein thrombosis 深静脉血栓症lump n. 块（尤指小块） clot n. （血液等的）凝块symptom n. 症状，征兆block the vein堵塞血管have serious consequences 有严重结果 alcohol n. 酒精，酒humidity n.湿气，湿润，湿度surf the Internet网上冲浪massage n.按摩have a snack 吃点心entrance lobby n.入门的大厅，歇息室lava lamp n. 熔岩灯hallway n. 走廊gymnastic room adj. 体操房；健身房rowing machine 划船练习架 lockerroom 换衣室；衣物间assorted video games 各式各种的电子游戏baby grand piano 小型卧式钢琴 pool table 台球台，桌球台snack room 点心室cereal n.谷类视频，谷类toffee n.太妃糖yoghurt n. 酸乳酪cappuccino n. 热牛奶咖啡density n. 密度densely packed 密集的university campus大学校园suburban office park adj. 郊区办公园区slip n.&vi.滑落，滑倒get stuck被卡住，被夹住cartridge n. 墨水盒accident report form事故报告单lose one’s balance 失掉均衡hit sb. on the head砸在头上hurt oneself badly 严重受伤a small cut小伤口cupboard n.橱柜，碗碟柜a member of staff一名职工carry out the following checks health and safety awareness computerize= computerize vt.进行以下检查健康与安全意识用计算机办理，使计算机化maintenance man维修人员sort vt. 分类theme park主题公园safety record 安全记录safety inspection 安全检查category n. 种类，类型burger bar汉堡包柜台heart attack心脏病发生roller coaster过山车safety lock 保险锁pregnant adj. 怀胎的Space Mission Simulator n. 太空任务模拟器heart exhaustion 中暑衰竭（指轻度中暑）dehydration n. 脱水choke vi&vt. 窒息，哽住，使呼吸困难aquarium水族馆dolphin n. 海豚bruise n.&vi.&vt.瘀伤，擦伤，打伤，装上arm band臂带microchip微芯片barrier （阻挡通道的）阻碍物；栅栏，屏障restriction n. 限制，拘束designate vt.指明，指出leaflet 传单entry ticker门票summarise=summarize vi.&vt.概括，总结cut waste 减少浪费reduce costs 减少开销work procedures工作程序water onsumption水花费job satisfaction工作满意度promotion n.荣膺flexible hours弹性工作时间unemployment n. 事业lottery n. 彩票sponsor n. 资助商；保证人migrant n. 移民，移居者survey n. 检查recruitment agency招聘公司exploitation n.盘剥；利用positive attitude一定的态度PR Public Relations的缩写，公共关系nationality n. 国籍vacancy n.空缺的职位accounts department会计部门rumour n. 谣言；传说win a large export contract 订了一份大单的出口合同production capacity生产能力luxury cruise ship豪华游轮public relations coordinator 公共关系协调员dynamic adj. 充满活力的be fluent in能说流畅的···PR strategies 公关策略product launch产品推介会media exposure 媒体裸露covering letter说明信，求职信degree n.学位recruitment n.招聘text type 文本种类attachment n.附件enclosure n.附件；封入信封之物 beattentive to 全神贯注于administrative adj. 管理的，行政的well-qulified adj. 有优秀资格的；有很好资历的well-oraganised adj. 有优秀条理的 variety n. 多样性weak point短处follow-up n. 追踪检查cloze test 完形填空global market全世界市场integrate into/with 使成为一体，把···和···联合起来diversity n.多样性label n. 标签，标记play a key role起到重点作用identity n.身份uniqueness n. 独到性，独一性individual n.个体，个人legible adj. 清楚地，易读的enrolment n.注册登记，入学due n. 对付款，应得物likely adj.很可能的，适合的penalize vt. 处分In the question提到过的，议论到的Dominate vi.&vt. 支配、。

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剑桥商务英语简单词汇1 bulk 大量2call打电话3 call on 呼吁4 campaign 战役5 candidate 候选人6cantee食堂7 capacity 生产额8capture 赢得9 cash 现金10 cash flow 现金流量11 catalogue 目录12 catastrophe 大灾难13 chain 连锁店14 challenger 挑选者15 channel 渠道16 charge 使承担17 chart 图表18 ceckout 付款台19 chief 主要的20 circular 传阅的小册子21 claim 要求22 client 委托人23 cold 没人找上门24 commercialize 使商品化25 comisision 佣金26 commitment 承诺27 commodity 商品28 company 公司29 compensate 赔偿30 compesation 补偿31 compete 竞争32 competition 对手33 competition 竞争的34 component 机器元件35 condition 条件36 conflict 冲突37 consolidate 账目合并38 consortium 财团39 constant 恒定的40 consultant 咨询人员41 consumables 消费品42 contract 合同43 contractor 承办商44 contribute 提供45 contribution 贡献46 conversion 改装47 conveyor 传送48 core time 基本上班时间49 cost 成本50 running costs 日常管理费用51 costing 成本计算、52 credit 赊购53 damages 损害54 dedline 最后期限55 deal 交易56 dealer 商人57 debit 解放58 debt 欠款59 declare 申报60 deduct 扣除61 defer 推迟62 deficit 赤字63 depot 仓库64 deputyl 令人沮丧的65 direct 管理66 dog 呆滞品67 due 应付的68 dynamic 有活力的69 engage 雇佣70 entitle 授权71 equity 股东权益72 evaluate 股价73 job 工作74 legal 合法的75 lease 租借76 lend 出借77 link 关系78 likely 可能的79 lessee 承租人80 ledger 分类账81 lead 领导人82 key 主要83 input 投入84 label 标签85 labor 劳动86 lesser 出租人87 leverage 杠杆比赛88 license 许可证89 liquid 易焕成现款的90 listed 等级注册的91 interest 利息92 interviw 面试93 inventory 库存94 initial 初步的95 introdue 介绍96 joint 联合的97 litigate 提出诉讼98 listing上市公司名录99 layout 工厂的布局100 lead time 完成某项活动所需的时间101102103。

剑桥商务英语词汇大全.Unit 1 the 3 sectors of economy经济的三个部分Infrastructure 基础结构Lean produce 精益生产Warehouse 仓库Industrial units 工业区Residential building 住宅区Agricultural land 农耕区Housing estate地产Managing director 董事总经理，总裁Wholesale outlet 批发商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 价格计算Added value 增值Smelt 熔炼，提炼Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出厂价Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保养，维修Bauxite 铝土矿Coil 线圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 劳力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 卫生部Primary sector 第一产业Secondary sector 第二产业Tertiary sector 第三产业Raw material 原材料Administration 管理Law 司法Computing 计算机操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 医疗卫生Logistics 物流Assemble 装配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生产线Iron ore 铁矿石Division of labor 劳动分工Heavy industry 重工业Light industry 轻工业Marketing 市场营销Chain of command 指挥系统，行政管理系统Core technology 核心技术Know-how 技术诀窍Labor-intensive 劳动密集型Technology-intensive 技术密集型Capital-intensive 资本密集型Hinterland 内地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投资Garments 服装Unit 2 management 管理Manager’s job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ con trolling Allocate resources 分配资源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晋升Modify 修正Line manager 一线经理Immediate line manager 直接下属的一线经理Top manager 高层经理Top management 高层管理Middle management 中层管理Supplier 供应商Public authorities 政府部门Be advised 听取意见Distributor 分销商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Component of economy 经济部门Good will resource 商誉Human resource 人力资源Natural resource 自然资源Market share 市场份额Monopoly in/ of/ on 垄断，专利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactics 管理技巧Decision-making 决策Board of directors 董事会Chairman of the board 董事长High-performance car 高性能汽车Tangible/ physical resources 有形资源Capital resources 资本资源Superior 上级Subordinate 下属Senior manager 资深经理Junior manager 初级经理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 垄断Interchangement 互换Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 连锁店Work experience 工作经历Working hour 工作时间Price v. 定价；比价Chief operation office 首席运营官Operation management 作业管理Financial management 财务管理HR management 人力资源管理Marketing management 销售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成药Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Simulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端产品Rock bottom price 最低价Frills 虚饰Target market 目标市场Empowerment 赋权Ad hoc 特别，专门Task force 特遣部队，特别行动组Cash and assets 现金和资产Buffer= cushion 起缓冲作用的人或物Leeway 余地，余裕Product 产品Productivity 生产率Produce 生产；特产local produce 地方特产Delegation 代表团Corporate statement = mission statement 公司主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 带走Focus group 焦点小组Innovation 创新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可处理的Set objective 设置目标Safety net 安全网Dismiss 解职，开除Expertise 专门技术Merchandise 商品，货物Verify 检验，核实IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售业Predescribed quantities 预先定好的数量Layout 布局Sales staff 销售人员Working environment 工作环境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常运营Strategic management 战略管理Formulating strategy 制定战略Delegation 授权Parameter 参数High street= main street 大众的（商品）Replenish→replenishment （货物的）补充Members of staff 公司职员Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 库存Policy 保单（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例会，常规会议Accountability 问责性Unit 3 company structure 公司结构Recruitment 雇佣，招募Remuneration 报酬Department of legal affairs 法务部Purchase 采购部IT 信息技术部R&D 研发部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下属Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，权力下放，分权Function 功能Hierarchy 等级Line authority 直线职权Report to 向……负责Subordinates 下属Matrix 矩阵Assistant manager 助理经理Manager assistant 经理助理Functional structure 机能结构= production+ finance+ marketing市场营销+ sales+ personnel/ HRLead time 订货交付时间Reorganization 改组Operating division 运营段，运营分部Overlap 重叠Commercial division 商业银行Private banking 私人理财International division 国际银行Investment division 投资银行Inherent problem 固有的问题Product manager 产品经理Market segment 市场细分Autonomy 自治权Priority 优先权Dimensional 四维基质的Sales force 销售队伍Commission 提成Optional features 可选功能，可选装置Cash balance 现金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空间Research and development spending 研发投入Self-financing 使用自有资金，自筹资金Organization chart 组织结构图Market research 市场调研（部）Teller 出纳Advertising and promotion 广告与促销Publicity 宣传Industrial belt 工业带Corporate ethos 公司风气Collaboration 协作Insulated = isolated 隔绝的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 开放性Downsizing 裁员Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Chief financial officer 财务总监Unit 4 work and motivation工作和动机Induce 劝诱，促使Incentive 动力，刺激Labor relations 劳资关系Labor union 工会Benefit 福利，津贴Perk 津贴，补贴Supplement 额外费用Bureaucracy 官僚主义Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作稳定性Sales promotion 促销Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理满足Administration 行政管理Working condition 工作条件Paid holiday 带薪假日Sick pay 病假工资Pension 养老金Psychology of work 工作心理学Recognition 认可，承认Checkout till 结账柜台的现金出纳机Checkout 结账柜台Till 现金出纳机Cash till 收银台Cash register 收银处Product line 生产线Product line-up 产品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物质享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度奖金Corporate culture 公司文化= values价值观+ beliefs信条+ norms标准Dead-end job 没前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 货物补充Hygiene 卫生Play pool 打台球Health screening program 健康检查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽车总站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 职业培训Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 学前儿童Premise 工作场所Subsidize 补贴Tinned food 罐装食物Piecework system 计件系统Pay scheme 薪酬计划Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理与文化多样性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 绩效工资Collectivist 集体主义的Sales rep 商品经销代理Universalist 普爱论者Particularist 排他主义者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨国公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘Applicant 申请人Application 申请Application form 申请表Candidate 候选人Curriculum vitae = resume 简历Employment agency 职介机构Job description 职责描述Job vacancy 职务空缺Reference 推荐信Short-list 列入最后候选名单Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 预先通知（辞退）A form of headhunters 猎头公司Follow up 跟进Preliminary selection 初选Testimonials 证明书，推荐书Synchronized sewing 同步缝纫Traineeship 培训Referee 介绍人，推荐人Controlling stake 控股权Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 应变计划Contingency fund 以外开支准备金Core competence 核心竞争力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成见Maternity leave 产假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工会Working class 无产阶级，工薪族Child-bearingChild-rearingAffirmative action 倾向性法案Positive discrimination 积极差别Corporate affairs 公司事务Allowances 津贴，补贴Unit 7 labor relationship劳资关系Trade union= labor union 工会Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集体谈判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 劳工行动Picket 纠察Rate of production 生产速率Premises 企业的房屋建筑及附属场地Outsource 外包Subcontract 转包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 机构外部的In-house 机构内部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 开出账单，收取费用Staff levels 人员配备情况Bargaining power 议价权Conglomerate 联合大公司，企业集团Arch-rival 主要竞争对手Penalty point 违章扣分记录Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少话费Auditor 审计员Adversary 对手，敌手Working hours gongzuoshij Working practices 工作惯例Uneconomic job 不赚钱的工作Tyranny 专制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 劳动力Public sector 共有部门Unit 8 production生产Flexible production line 柔性生产线Trade-off 妥协，协调，平衡Opportunity cost 机会成本Sunk cost 沉没成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 质量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余产能Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Cash flow 现金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 销售损失Market share 市场份额Production run 生产周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盘Chip 芯片Chassis （汽车）底盘Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 设备原产商，贴牌制造商Lean production 精益生产= stockless production 零库存生产= JIT= just-in-time production 准时制生产= continuous flow manufacture 连续流程生产PPM= piece per million 每百万件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲学Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明环ERP= enterprise resources planning 企业资源计划Scientific outlook 科学发展观No slack 无松懈，无容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 无线保真Operation manager 操作经理，运营经理Lead time 交付时间，订货到收货时间间隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工厂Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 规模经济Handling 搬运Depreciation 贬值Set-up 机器设置Obsolescence 过时，废弃Theft 盗窃，偷盗Breakage 破损Leakage 渗漏Under-utilizing 开工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗购买折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需求Sabotage 蓄意破坏Throughput 生产量，加工阶段Throughput time 输入到输出的加工阶段所需时间Product mix 产品组合Product line 产品系列，产品线Product range 产品范围QC department= quality department 质量部Knock-on 附带效果，间接影响，累积效果Knock-on effect 连续反应Circuit board 电路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精炼厂TQM= Total quality management 全面质量管理Assembling 组装Distribute 分销Equipment 设备，（企业除了房产以外的）固定资产Facility 设备Joint venture 合资企业Location 位置，选址Operation 操作，运营Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 贮藏（量）Work in process 正在进行的工作Unit 9 products产品Launch a product 发布产品Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏爱度Brand switcher 转换不同牌子的人Product line 产品线Product line-up 全系列产品Product mix 产品组合（一种产品的不同形式）Product range 产品范围PLC= Product life cycle 产品生命周期Niche 缝隙Niche market 缝隙市场Line-stretching 产品线的扩展Line filling 产品系列的填补Market segment 细分市场Segmentation of the market 市场细分High-end market 高端市场Low-end market 低端市场Up-market 向高端市场Down-market 向低端市场Product image 产品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 货架期，存活期Sell-by date 销售期限Expiration date= expire date 产品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小时营业Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脱水Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stakeholder 利益一致者，风险共担体制Logo 标志Slogan 口号Service station （高速公路旁的）服务站Desktop machine 台式机器Financing 融资Economics 经济情况，经济因素Color scheme 色彩主题，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 维修保养After-sales service 售后服务Brand name 品牌Brand 商标，牌子Shelf space 货架空位Product development 产品研发Profitability 利润率Vending machine 自动售货机Prototype 原型，雏形Augmented 扩张的Delivery 交货，交付Initiative 主动积极性Market share 市场份额，市场占有率Multi-brand strategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意损坏公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露洁Philips 飞利浦Procter & Gamble 宝洁Unilever 联合利华Yamaha 雅马哈Unit 10 marketing市场营销Marketing mix市场营销组合，营销要素组合= product+ promotion+ price+ placePromotion 促销= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of saleMarketing= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 促销+ publicity and public relations 宣传和公共关系Optional 选择（配置）Standard 标准（配置）Personal selling 人员推销Direct marketing 直销Direct mail 直邮Business market= producer market= industrial 商务市场，生产资料市场Consumer market 消费市场List price 标价= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建议零售价Management consulting 管理咨询Tie range 领带系列Texture 质地Lycra 莱卡Take remedial action 采取补救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 内部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手数据Secondary/ second-hand data 二手数据Academic journal 学术期刊Trade journal 行业期刊Wine testing session 品酒会Sample v. 尝试，品尝Distribution channel 分销渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市场研究，市场调研Centrality 集中性Console 控制台Focus group 焦点小组Head office 公司总部Market opportunity 市场机会Integration 整合Marketer 营销人员Publicity 宣传Questionnaire 调查问卷Sales promotion 促销活动Selling 推销Target customer 目标顾客Hard-sell 硬性推销Market segmentation 市场细分Point of sale 销售点Product concept 产品概念Product features 产品功能Sales representative 销售代理B2B= business to business 企业对企业Selling concept 销售概念Marketing concept 行销概念Differential advantage 差异优势Integrated marketing 整合营销Discount 折扣Payment periodCredit terms 信用调侃Product manager 产品经理Brand manager 品牌经理Annual report 年报Unit11 advertising广告Advertising account 广告客户Advertising agent 广告公司Advertising campaign 广告宣传，广告攻势Brief 摘要Budget 预算Commercial 广播或电视广告Comparative-parity method 相对平等方法，比较奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千个成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循环的广告Diminishing returns 收益递减Exposure 暴露Frequency 频率Institutional advertising 机构广告= prestige advertising 声望广告Media plan 媒体计划Media space 媒体空间Message 讯息，广告词OTS= opportunity to see 可见机会Prospective customer 潜在顾客Sales revenue 销售收入Sponsorship 赞助Target market 目标市场Threshold effect 门槛效应Turnover 流通量，营业额，周转Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相传，口碑Billboard = hoarding 广告牌Classified advertisement 分类广告Paid advertising 付费广告Advertising strategy 广告策略Poster 海报Purchasing frequency 购买平率Buyer turnover 新入场客户Match 追平Excessive advertising 过度广告Voiceover 画外音Unit12 promotional tools促销工具Promotion tools 促销工具= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 提升销量+public relations 公共关系Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Coupon 优惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增长期，上升阶段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降阶段Loss leader 特价商品Planning 计划Positioning 定位Price-conscious 对价格敏感的Sales force 销售队伍Salespeople 售货员Sample 样品Trial 尝试Free trial 免费试用Publicity 宣传Paid advertising 付费广告Novel product 新产品Aim 指向Reduction 降价Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促销策略Promotional tactic 促销技巧Reduced-price pack 经济装Distributor 分销商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 会计和财务报表Accountancy 会计师Accountant 会计师Accounting equation 会计恒等式Accounting 会计学Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 应计费用Accumulate 累计Amortization 摊销Annual report 年度报告Appreciate 增值Auditing 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Capitalization 资本化Cash flow 现金流Cost accounting 成本会计Creative accounting 粉饰财务状况Credit 信用，贷方Creditors债权人= accounts payable 应付账款Debit 借方Debt 债务Debtors债务人= accounts receivable 应收账款Depreciation 折旧Dividend 股息，红利Double-entry bookkeeping 复式簿记，复式记账法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花费Expenses 费用，开支Financial statement 财务决算，财务报表Finished products 成品，产品Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Going concern 持续经营Goodwill 商誉Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 长期负债Current liabilities 流动负债，短期负债Managerial accounting 管理会计Market capitalization 市场资本化Nominal value 票面价值Market value 市场价值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （销售）收入Self proprietorship 独资企业Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stock= inventory 库存Liability for tax 税务负担Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理会计Tax accounting 税务会计Cost accounting 成本会计Prepare budget 编制预算Financial report 财务报表Value v 定价Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借与贷Assets & liabilities 资产与负债Unit cost 单位成本Auditing 审计IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美国税务署Tax authority 税务局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注册会计师File a tax return 报税Income tax return 所得税表Income tax 所得税Sales tax 销售税Self-proprietorship 个体户Partnership 合伙，合股Tax break 减免税Turnover 销售收入，总收入Charged against profits 从利润中扣除On credit 赊账Overheads= overhead 固定费用Variable cost 可变成本Shareholder= stockholder 股东Pay liabilities 偿债Purchase price 购买价Depreciation charge 折旧费Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通货膨胀Deflation 通货紧缩Historical cost accounting 历史成本会计Net book value 净账面价值= purchase value – depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 时价会计Replacement cost accounting 重置成本会计Specify v. 规定Profit and loss account= income statement 损益表(shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 资产负债表(shows financial situation on particular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholder’s funds)Financial year 财政年度Assets 资产= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 无形资产=patents 专利+ goodwill 商誉+ copyrights 版权+ trade marks 商标Liabilities 负债=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 贷款+ bonds 债券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners’ equity 资本主权，业主产权（股东对资产清偿所有债务之后剩余价值的所有权）Assets-liabilities= owners’ equity/ net as sets 净资产Share capital 股本，股份资本Share premium= paid-in surplus 股份溢价（超过股票票面价值的所得）Market capitalization 市场资本总值，市场资本总额Reserves 储量profit→taxation, dividend, retained profitFunds flow statement 资金流量表Source and application of funds statement 资金来源和应用表Statement of changes in financial position 财务状况变动报表Consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表IAS= International Accounting Standards 国际会计标准Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 期初现金Net cash from operating activities 运营净现金Net profit 净利润Retained earnings 留存收益Non-current assets 非流动资产Pre-paid expenses 预付费用Treasury shares 回购股票Translation differences 折算差Deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债Interest-bearing liabilities 有息贷款VAT= value added tax 增值税Associated company 关联公司Minority interests 少数股权Proceeds 所得收入Unit 14 banking 银行业务Personal banking 个人银行业务Cash card 现金卡，借记卡Credit card 信用卡Cash dispenser= ATM= automatic teller machine 自动取款机，自动柜员机Home banking 家庭银行（网银+电话银行）Loan 贷款Mortgage 抵押贷款，按揭Overdraft= overdraw 透支Current account= checking account 活期账户Deposit account= time account= notice account 定期账户Standing order= direct debit 长期委托书The banking industry 银行业Commercial bank= retail bank 商业银行，零售银行Foreign currency 外币Foreign exchange 外汇Spread= margin 差额Credit 借贷Note 纸币Cheque= check 支票Coin 硬币Yield & risk 收益与风险Liquidity 资产流动性Maturity 到期Investment bank= merchant bank 投资银行Issue securities 发行证券Underwrite securities 包销，分销证券Merger 并购Takeover 收购，接管Stockbroker 股票经纪人Portfolio management 投资组合Fee and commission 佣金Universal bank 综合银行Central bank 中央银行Minimum interest rate 最低利率Discount rate 贴现利率Blue chip borrower 蓝筹公司Base rate= prime rate 基本利率Credit standing= credit rating= creditworthiness 信用评价Solvency 偿付能力Collateral 抵押品，担保物Foreign bank 外国银行，外资银行Eurocurrency 外国持有的欧洲货币Petrodollar 石油美元Unit 15 stocks and shares股票Unlimited liability 无限责任Limited liability 有限责任Creditor 债权人Legal entity 法律实体Wound up 中止Liquidate 清算Venture capital 风险投资Memorandum of Association= Certificate of Incorporation 公司执照Article of Association= bylaws 公司条令Director 董事Public listed company= listed company= Publicly quoted company上市公司Shareholder= stockholder 股东Registrar of companies 公司登记处Over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Alternative Investment Market (London) 另类投资市场NasdaqBe quoted= be listed 上市Stock exchange 股票交易所Issue share 发行股票First Public Offering =IPO=Make a flotation= float a company首次公开募股Investment bank 投资银行Underwrite the issue 包销Rights issue 权利股发行Capitalize 资本化Bonus issue 红股发行Annual General Meeting= Annual Meeting of Stockholders 股东年会Residual value 残留价值Liquidation 清算Secondary market 二级市场Nominal value= face value= par value 票面价值Share= stock= equity 股票Blue chip 蓝筹Defensive stock 防御性股票Growth stock 成长性股票Insider share-dealing 内部交易Institutional investor 机构投资者Mutual fund 互惠基金，互利基金Market-maker 造市商Portfolio 组合投资Stockbroker 股票经纪人Cyclical trend 周期性趋势Pension fund 养老基金Insurance company 保险公司Unit 16 bonds 债券Obligation 负债Opportunity cost 机会成本Issue bonds 发行债券Blue chip company 蓝筹公司Rate 评价，估值Rating company 评估公司Standard & Poors 标准普尔Investment grade 投资评级Bearer certificate 不记名债券Primary market 一级市场Secondary bond market 二级债券市场Liquid 变现的Par 面值Coupon 息票Debt financing 负债融资Equity financing 股票融资Tax shield 税收挡避Debt-equity ratio 负债与权益比率Receipts 收入Gilt-edged securities 金边证券Treasury bond 长期国库债券Short-term treasury bill 短期国库券Circulation 流通Redeem 赎回Convertible bond 可转换债券Junk bond 垃圾债券Unit 17 futures and derivativesFutures 期货交易，期货合约Financial asset 金融资产Option 期权Commodities 大宗商品Derivatives 衍生物Hedging 对冲，套期保值Speculation 投机(Write a) Call option 看涨期权Put option 看跌期权Discount store 打折店Spot market 现货市场Futures market 期货市场Forward contract 远期合约Premium 溢价Exchange rate 汇率Interest rate 利率London International Financial Futures Exchange=LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货交易所Exercise price= strike price 执行价Swap 掉期Currency swap 外汇掉期Interest rate swap 利率掉期Preferential rate 优惠汇率Profit and loss account 损益表Securities and Exchange Commission=SEC 证券交易管理委员会International Swaps and Derivatives Association=ISDA 国际掉期与衍生物协会End user 最终用户Corporate governance 公司监管Stop-loss limit 止损点Scenario analysis 情景分析Sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析Front line personnel 一线人员Police vt. 监管Code of conduct 行为规范Unsolicited 主动提供的Shoot through the floor 涨疯了Unit 18 market structure and competitionDurable consumer goods 耐用消费品Market leader 市场领导者Market follower 市场跟从者Market challenger 市场挑战者Market share 市场份额Market segmentation 市场细分Differential advantage 差别又是Unique selling point=USP 独特卖点Submarket 刺激市场Potential customer 潜在客户Barrier to entry 进入门槛Cartel 卡特尔Dominant-firm oligopoly 寡头垄断Economies of scale 规模经济Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断Monopsony 买家垄断Natural monopoly 自然垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断Perfect competition 完全竞争Homogenous 同类的，同质的Public utility 公用事业Marginal cost 边际成本Unit 19 takeovers, mergers and buyoutsMergers and acquisition 并购Backward integration 向后合并Forward integration 向前合并Horizontal integration 横向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Innovate 创造发明Diversify 多样化Raid 企图收购Takeover 收购出价Politics 权术，勾心斗角Optimum 最合适的Scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜Craftsmanship 技术，技艺Leica 莱卡World-class player 世界级的玩家，世界级角色Rightsize 精简机构人员，合理简化On a day’s notice 提前一天通知On short notice 突然Leveraged buyouts=LBO 杠杆收购Management buyout= MBO 管理层收购Synergy 协同Asset-stripping 资产剥离Equity capital 股本Junk bond 垃圾债券UNIT 20 efficiency and employmentComputerization 计算机化Flexibility 灵活性Public services 公共服务Self-employment 自我雇佣Decentralization 分权Free trade 自由贸易Job-sharing 工作分享Rationalization 精简增效Deregulation 解除管制Productivity 生产效率Restructuring 重组Structural change 结构改变Welfare 福利Monetary policy 货币政策Private rent sector 私人租赁市场Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Tenure 任期Downsizing 减员Agency employmentRhetoric 说辞Received wisdom 流行观点Unemployment benefit 失业救济Sack 解雇Job insecurity 工作不稳定性Employability 可雇佣性Structural unemployment 结构性失业Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Structural shift 结构性改变Job retention rate 工作留用率UNIT 21 Business cycleClassical economic theory 古典经济理论Welfare capitalism 福利资本主义Vitality 活力Perfect competition 完全竞争，自由竞争Free enterprise 自由市场Well-being 幸福Unit 22 the role of governmentMarket forces 市场力量Health Department 卫生部National Health Service 全民医疗Undercurrent 潜流Good society 良性社会State action 国家行为Health care 医疗服务Underclass 底层The affluent 富人Planned economy 计划经济Central economic planning 中央经济规划Intervention 干预Coerce vt. 强迫Mortician 殡葬业者A host of 很多Dispose of 用掉，用光Industry 实业Department of Trade and Industry= DTI 贸易工业部Unit 23 central banking, money and taxationFiscal policy 财政政策Monetary policy 货币政策Open market operation 开放市场操作Bank run 挤兑Liquidity ratio 现金比率Branch of the government 政府部门Budgetary policy 预算政策Budget deficit 预算赤字US Federal Reserve 美联储Price stability 价格稳定，物价稳定Declare （海关）申报Levy tax at… 对……征税Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Indirect tax 间接税Value-added tax 增值税Regressive tax 递减税Progressive tax 递增税Sales tax 销售税Capital gains tax 资本所得税Capital transfer tax 资本转移税Wealth tax 财富税Tax evasion 逃税，漏税Tax avoidance 避税Government expenditure 政府支出Excise duties 消费税，国内货物税Corporation tax 公司税Marginal rate 边际率Black economy= underground economy 黑色经济，地下经济，非法经济Moonlighting 兼差Self-employed 自雇Family firm 家庭企业Gross national production= GNP 国民生产总值Loophole 漏洞Life insurance人寿保险Tax shelter 减免税收合法手段Tax loss 负税亏损Capital expenditure 资本支出，基本建设费用Money laundering 洗钱Unit 24 exchange rates 外汇利率The Bretton Woods agreement 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定利率Floating exchange rate 浮动利率Peg against 挂钩Promissory note 本票International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Devaluation 贬值Revaluation 升值Gold convertibilityFreely/ clean floating exchange rate 清洁浮动利率Managed/ dirty floating exchange rate 管制/肮脏浮动利率。