模拟题1 考博英语

考博英语模拟试题在准备考博英语考试时，模拟试题是非常重要的练习方法。

通过不断地做模拟试题，可以帮助考生熟悉考试形式和题型，提高应试能力并更好地应对考试考查的内容。

下面是一份考博英语的模拟试题，供大家参考。

第一部分：听力理解第一节（共5题）1. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The benefits of studying abroad.B. The difficulties of studying abroad.C. The differences between studying at home and abroad.2. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a coffee shop.B. In a university.C. In a library.3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She needs to improve her writing skills.B. She should focus more on her grammar.C. She should seek help from a tutor.4. What does the woman think the man should do first?A. Revise his essay.B. Read the feedback.C. Talk to the professor.5. What is the man's overall opinion about the assignment?A. It was easy.B. It was challenging.C. It was interesting.第二部分：阅读理解Questions 6-10Do preset study routines work better for you when you study at night? There have been numerous studies that analyze when it is best to study. Some suggest a shift in materials shortly before sleep, before switching sleep cycles. Others believe that morning study sessions could mean higher success rates on exams. Nonetheless, the question remains about when it is best to study, rather than if it is best at all.6. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The benefits of studying at night.B. The importance of study routines.C. The best time to study.7. According to the passage, what do some studies suggest about studying before sleep?A. It leads to higher exam scores.B. It helps with sleep cycles.C. It is not recommended.8. What is the main focus of the studies mentioned in the passage?A. The duration of study sessions.B. The time of day for studying.C. The type of material studied.9. Why do some believe morning study sessions are beneficial?A. They improve memory retention.B. They lead to better sleep.C. They result in higher success rates.10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The best study materials to use.B. The benefits of preset study routines.C. The ongoing debate regarding when to study.......通过这份模拟试题的练习，考生可以更好地了解考博英语考试的题型和内容，从而有针对性地进行备考。

考博英语（词汇）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its ______form.A．correctB．accurateC．genuineD．perfect正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：correct正确的，合适的：accurate精确的，准确的；genuine纯正的；perfect完美的，完善的。

根据句意判断，答案是C。

知识模块：词汇2．The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another______decision to be made.A．criticalB．plentifulC．decentD．massive正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：critical决定性的，关键性的，批评的，批判的，be critical about对某事爱挑剔；plentiful丰富的，大量的；decent正派的，令人满意的；massive可观的，巨大的。

根据句意判断，答案为A。

知识模块：词汇3．In protest, blacks and______whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.A．sensibleB．indifferentC．influentialD．sympathetic正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：sensible明智的，合情理的；indifferent不关心的，中立的，be indifferent to对……漠不关心；influential有影响的，有权势的；sympathetic赞同的，支持的，be／feel sympathetic toward对……表示同情。

医学博士外语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：W: How is Bill? I heard that he’ s got his ankle hurt severely. M: Well, that jolly fellow is in good shape now.Q: What do we learn about Bill from this conversation?1．A．He has hurt his uncle severely.B．He benefits a lot from doing exercises.C．He is very happy to have a better figure now.D．He is in good health now.正确答案：D解析：文中指出Bill脚踝受伤了，但现在已经in good shape即“处于良好的健康状况”，故D项正确。

听力原文：M: What kind of father am I? My only son almost died and I didn’ t even know he was ill.W: Don’ t blame yourself. You are too busy to pay attention to him. If his mother were still alive, things would have been much better. Q: Why does the man blame himself?2．A．His only son is dying.B．His mother died some years ago.C．He didn’ t look after his sick wife.D．He hasn’ t taken good care of his son.正确答案：D解析：从男子的话“I didn’t even know he was ill”可以看出他为没有照看好儿子而自责，故D项正确。

浙江工商大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．John is______hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.A．no lessB．no moreC．not lessD．no so正确答案：A解析：本题考查比较结构的特殊表达方式。

no less…than表示“在……方面不比……差”。

no more…than表示“和……一样都不”。

2．She remembered several occasions in the past______she had experienced a similar feeling.A．whichB．beforeC．thatD．when正确答案：D解析：本题考查定语从句。

when she had experienced a similar feeling充当occasions的定语。

3．If your car______any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.A．shall needB．should needC．would needD．will need正确答案：B解析：本题考查情态动词。

should可以表示语气较强的假设，出现在if从句中或用于省略了if的条件句句首位置上。

should的这一用法经常出现在商务信函中，表示“万一”“假若”。

shall有类似用法，用于if、when等引导的从句中，表示将来的可能性，不过语气太强。

考博英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列文章，然后回答后面的问题。

文章一：随着全球化的发展，英语作为国际交流的主要语言，其重要性日益凸显。

然而，对于非英语母语国家的学生来说，学习英语往往是一项挑战。

本文将探讨英语学习的难点以及应对策略。

1. 英语中存在大量的不规则动词，这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式往往没有规律可循。

例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，而“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”。

学生需要通过大量的记忆和实践来掌握这些不规则形式。

2. 英语的发音对于许多非母语者来说也是一个难题。

英语中有多种音标，而且不同地区口音的差异也会影响学习者的理解。

因此，提高听力和口语能力需要大量的听力训练和模仿练习。

3. 英语词汇量庞大，学习者需要不断扩充词汇量。

除了课本学习，阅读英文原著、观看英文电影和参加英语角等活动都是有效的学习方式。

4. 英语语法结构复杂，尤其是从句的使用。

学习者需要通过练习和分析来掌握不同从句的用法。

5. 英语文化背景知识也是学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。

了解英语国家的历史、文化和习俗可以帮助学习者更好地理解语言背后的深层含义。

问题：1. 英语中不规则动词的难点在于它们的什么？2. 为什么英语发音对于非母语者来说是一个挑战？3. 扩充英语词汇量的有效方法有哪些？4. 英语语法中哪个部分对于学习者来说较为复杂？5. 为什么了解英语国家的文化背景对学习者很重要？文章二：在现代科技的推动下，人工智能（AI）技术正迅速发展，并逐渐渗透到我们生活的方方面面。

AI技术不仅在工业生产中发挥着重要作用，也在医疗、教育、交通等领域展现出巨大的潜力。

1. AI技术在医疗领域的应用主要体现在辅助诊断、个性化治疗和远程医疗等方面。

通过深度学习算法，AI能够分析大量的医疗数据，帮助医生做出更准确的诊断。

2. 在教育领域，AI可以提供个性化学习方案，根据学生的学习进度和理解能力，调整教学内容和难度，从而提高学习效率。

2024年全国医学博士英语统一考试模拟测试卷2024 National Medical Doctorate English Unified Examination Mock Test PaperSection 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Importance of VaccinesVaccines are one of the greatest inventions in medical history. They have played a crucial role in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies to fight off harmful viruses and bacteria. By doing so, vaccines help to protect individuals from getting sick and prevent the spread of diseases within communities.Vaccines have been responsible for the eradication of smallpox and the near-elimination of diseases such as polio, measles, and rubella. Vaccines have saved millions of lives and prevented countless cases of disability and suffering. They have also been instrumental in reducing healthcare costs associated with treating preventable diseases.Despite the overwhelming evidence of the benefits of vaccines, there are still individuals and groups who are hesitant or opposed to vaccination. Some concerns about vaccines include their safety, side effects, and the ingredients used in their production. It is important for healthcare professionals to address these concerns and provide accurate information to help individuals make informed decisions about vaccination.It is crucial that we continue to support vaccination efforts to protect the health of individuals and communities. By getting vaccinated, we not only protect ourselves but also contribute to the overall public health.Questions:1. What is the main purpose of vaccines?2. Name one disease that has been eradicated by vaccines.3. Why are some individuals hesitant to get vaccinated?4. What role do healthcare professionals play in addressing concerns about vaccines?5. What is the benefit of vaccination for public health?Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarChoose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.1. The doctor recommended that he ___________ more water to stay hydrated.a) drinksb) drinkc) drinkingd) drank2. The patient ___________ his arm after the injection.a) rubb) rubbingc) rubbedd) rubs3. She has a ___________ in her thigh from a childhood accident.a) scarb) scrapec) cutd) bruise4. The nurse ___________ the patient's blood pressure before the surgery.a) checkedb) checkingc) checksd) check5. The laboratory results ___________ that the patient has a vitamin deficiency.a) indicateb) indicatesc) indicatedd) indicatingSection 3: WritingWrite an essay on the topic: "The Role of Telemedicine in Modern Healthcare". Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of telemedicine and how it has impacted the delivery of healthcare services. Include examples to support your arguments.Section 4: Listening ComprehensionListen to the audio file and answer the questions provided.We hope you found this mock test paper helpful in preparing for the upcoming National Medical Doctorate English Unified Examination in 2024. Good luck!。

博士生入学考试英语模拟试题集Doctoral Entrance Examination English Mock Test Collection。

Introduction:The Doctoral Entrance Examination is a crucial step for aspiring students seeking admission to doctoral programs. The English section of the examination tests the candidates' language proficiency and comprehension skills. To help students prepare for this challenging test, we have compiled a collection of mock test questions that cover various aspects of the English language. This article aims to provide an overview of the mock test questions and offer guidance on how to approach them effectively.Section 1: Reading Comprehension。

The reading comprehension section evaluates the candidates' ability to understand and analyze written texts. It consists of passages followed by multiple-choice questions. The passages cover a wide range of topics, including humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. It is essential for candidates to carefully read the passages and pay attention to details, main ideas, and supporting evidence. They should also practice time management to ensure sufficient time for all the questions.Section 2: Vocabulary and Grammar。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Cloze (0. 5 x 20 = 10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.The most famous painter in Victoria's history is Emily Carr. When she was a child，she discovered that walking in the woods 1 more to her than playing with other children, and that she was more interested in 2 the streets of old Victoria than playing at home with 3 and spending her time making up.Emily was a cute little girl who spent 4 of her childhood in Beacon Hill Park 5 was very close to her home. Drawing 6 her, and she also liked to play with the pets. She had ducks and chickens, and even 7 a monkey. She was 8 interested in the First Nations people and the Chinese people she saw in Victoria's Chinatown. Their culture and way of dressing seemed so 9 from her own.As she became a young, strong and 10 woman, Emily began to go on long trips into the forests to11 and draw what she saw. She loved the free and simple 12 of the First Nations people. In the summer of 1895 she went on 13 with two other women to 14 the wilderness along the Cowichan River that runs through Duncan, 15 north of Victoria.She knew more about their lifestyle and the forests of B. C. than 16 other European woman.When you look at her paintings you can sense the 17 of these dark mysterious forests. Her paintings are now very famous and, 18 the dark colors may not be attractive to some people, they19 the beauty and mystery of the deep woods and the skill of a great artist. Emily was a very brave and independent woman. She walked through the woods alone, even though she knew that bears and wolves might be her only 201. A. attracted B. appealed C. allured D. induced2. A. dashing B. strolling C. jogging D. roaming3. A. friends B. mates C. dolls D. parents4. A. much B. lots C. more D. many5. A. where B. which C. since D. it6. A. fascinated B. bewildered C. captured D. indulged7. A. fed B. domesticated C. trained D. confined8. A.particularly B.almost C. constantly D. intrinsically9. A. diverse B.various C. distinct D.outstanding10. A. special B. independent C. lonely D. unaided11. A. paint B. record C. describe D. take12. A. society B. work C. lifestyle D. pace13. A. an adventure B. an exploitation C. a tour D. an expedition14. A. check B. explore C. examine D. search15. A. only B. just C. much D. in16. A. any B. some C. certain D. none17. A. mood B. tone C. taste D. atmosphereI8. A. if B. otherwise C. though D. but19. A. evoke B. arouse C. remind D. raise20. A.enemies B. foods C. companions D. friendsⅡ. Reading comprehension (20 x 2 = 40% )Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions, you are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC."It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation (饱和) point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996 according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from (大不相同于) the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue.-, but their tastes are increasingly diverse -- whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population -- and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children -- has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors.., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.21. What does the passage mainly tell about?A. Fast food disappoints consumers.B. People prefer less expensive food.C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D. Fast food is losing its attraction.22. What can we learn from the passage?A. O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B. The number of supermarkets doubles.C. Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast food.D. McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.23. What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?A. They seek a variety of food.B. They have come of age.C. They will spend more money on food.D. They tend to have luxurious food.24. Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?A. Speed and price of the food.B. Diversity of the food.C. Tastes of the consumers.D. Age of the consumers.25. What brings trouble to fast food industry?A. Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B. The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.C. Competition with retailers and diversity of food.D. Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Passage TwoParents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms."Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. "Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen anychimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. "All primate infants cry." Maestripieri said. "It'sa very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."26. What can be the most probable title of this passage?A. Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB. Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC. Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD. False Cry27. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A. Scientists discovered why animal infants cry.B. The difference in the amount of children's cry is somewhat due to genes.C. Babies have a violent reaction to the mother's ignorance.D. Chimpanzees' annoyance can hardly be alleviated.28. What is implied in Paragraph 4?A. Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers' attention.B. Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.C. Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.D. Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.29. How do the parents respond to babies' cry?A. They come to doubt it.B. They take it seriously.C. They are indifferent to it.D. They are weary of it.30. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the reason for babies' cry?A. Discomfort.B. Hungry.C. Consolation.D. Thirsty.Passage ThreeWhenever I hear a weather report declaring it's the hottest June 10 on record or whatever, I can't take it too seriously, because "ever" really means "as long as the records go back", which is only as far as the late 1800s. Scientists have other ways of measuring temperatures before that, though -- not for individual dates, but they can ten the average temperature of a given year by such proxy measurements as growth marks incorals, deposits in ocean and lake sediments, and cores drilled into glacial ice. They can even use drawings of glaciers as there were hundreds of years ago compared with today.And in the most comprehensive compilation of such data to date, says a new report from the National Research Council, it looks pretty certain that the last few decades have been hotter than any comparable period in the last 400 years. That's a blow to those who claim the current warm spell is just part of the natural up and down of average temperatures -- a frequent assertion of the global -- warming-doubters crowd.The report was triggered by doubts about past-climate claims made last year by climatologist Michael Mann, of the University of Virginia (he's the creator of the "hockey stick" graph A1 Gore used in "An Inconvenient Truth" to dramatize the rise in carbon dioxide in recent years). Mann claimed that the recent warming was unprecedented in the past thousand years -- that led Congress to order up an assessment by the prestigious Research Council. Their conclusion was that a thousand years was reasonable, but not overwhelmingly supported by the data. But the past 400 was -- so resoundingly that it fully supports the claim that today's temperatures ale unnaturally warm, just as global warming theory has been predicting for a hundred years. And if there's any doubt about whether these proxy measurements are really legitimate, the NRC scientists comparedthem with actual temperature data from the most recent century, when real thermometers were in widespread use. The match was more or less right on.In the past nearly two decades since TIME first put global warming on the cover, then, the argument against it has gone from "it isn't happening" to "it's happening, but it's natural", to "it's mostly natural" --\and now, it seems, that assertion too is going to have to drop away. Indeed. Rep. Sherwood Boehert, the New York Republican who chairs the House Science Committee and who asked for the report declared that it did nothing to support the notion of a controversy over global warming science -- a controversy that opponents keep insisting is alive. Whether President Bush will finally take serious action to deal with the warming, however,is a much less settled question.31. What does this passage mainly deal with?A. The tendency of earth's becoming hotter.B. The assessment of earth's temperature.C. The menace of global warming.D.The measurement of tackling global warming.32. What is "proxy measurement" in Paragraph 1 likely to refer to?A. Studying the characteristics of glaciers.B. Measuring the growth signs of aquatic organism.C. Taking advantage of previous pictures.D. Using clues left from the past.33. What does the report from NRC indicate?A. The earth will become warmer.B. It is somewhat suspicious of Michael Mann's assertion.C. The earth reaches the highest temperature in the history.D. The proxy measurements are reliable.34. Which statement is NOT true concerning the controversy about global warming?A. The new report from NRC is motivated by the controversy over Michael Mann's claim.B. Those who doubt global warming consider that warming is a natural phenomenon.C. Those suspicious of global warming take an inconsistent stance on the issue.D. The argument ends in the defeat of global-warming-doubters.35. What is the author's attitude towards global warming theory?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Favorable.D. Neutral.Passage FourA proposed Russian ban on European Union meat exports could jeopardize Russia's aspirations to join the World Trade Organization next year, the EU trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson, warned Friday. He warned that several of the 25 EU member states were growing weary of Russia's trade tactics and could move to block its WTO bid.He emphasized that the European Union supported Russia's WTO accession in principle and that he did not want to link the Russian meat ban to Russia's WTO prospects ,though EU states could do so. in order to join the organization,Russia must reach agreement with each of the 149 WTO members."Issues like this will affect the attitude of member states toward signing off on accession," Mandelson said. "This is not the only trade irritant between us and Russia -- there are at least half a dozen -- and this latest ban is bound to affect the attitude of member states," toward Russia's aim of joining the WTO. "We can't have so many of these trade irritants hanging over us."Mandelson said he would work to get Russia to back off from its current plans to ban all EUanimal products as of Jan. 1, which would affect C = $ 1.7 billion, or $ 2. 2 billion, in exports to RussiaMoscow has justified the ban on the grounds that Bulgaria and Romania, which will join the European Union on that day, do not have adequate food safety measures. But Mandelson warned that if Moscow refused to back down, it could sour overall trade relations with the European Union, which is already concerned about fair access to Moscow's energy resources. "Russia is acting in a disproportionate way," he said.President Vladimir Putin has made WTO membership one of his key economic objectives. He is keen to improve access to world markets for Russian exports and to provide a lift to the country's neglected aghculrural sector. European resistance would add to reservations by trade negotiators in Washington who want Russia to make more progress on reducing tariffs on U. S. meat imports and protecting intellectual property before joining the world trade body.Trade disputes cast a shadow over the summit meeting, which was supposed to mark the start of talks on a partnership agreement between the European Union and Russia covering energy, trade and human rights. But Poland -- in a separate dispute with Moscow over a Russian ban on Polish farm exports -- used its veto to stop the talks on Friday.Putin defended the Russian ban after earlier complaining that the European Commission had failed to consult him before agreeing to admit Bulgaria and Romania, whose food safety practices he called into question.EU officials said privately that Putin's stance suggested he was suffering from a Cold War hangover because the former Soviet satellites will soon become EU members.36. What is the theme of this passage?A. Russia conflicts with EU members in meat trade.B. Russia may risk WTO entry with EU meat ban.C. Russia prepares to enter WTO.D. Russia complains about food security of Bulgaria and Romania.37. Which statement is NOT true about EU?A. EU has not signed partnership agreement with Russia.B. EU is disappointed with at Russia's trade strategy.C. EU wants Russia to cut down on tariffs on its meat imports.D. EU may connect the trade conflict with Russia's entry into WTO.38. Which word has the similar meaning to "imtant" in Paragraph 3?A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. annoyanceD.interference39. What can be implied from the last paragraph?A. Russia will soon suffer from isolation.B. Russia will soon lose its satellites.C. Former Soviet satellites resist Russia's entering WTO.D. Some EU officials understand Russia's position.40. What is the author's attitude towards Russia?A. Suggestive.B. Prejudicial.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.Part UI Translation (30%)Section A : From Chinese into English (15%)每个人心中都该有个志向，否则他的经历就会被浪费掉。

北京大学博士研究生人学考试英语模拟试题一Part One Listening Comprehension(20% ) (略)Part Two Structure and Written Expression (20 % )Direction: In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.21. On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to to the school rules.A. concedeB. conformC. complyD. confront22. Once the __ contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.A. principleB. principalC. potentialD. primitive23. If you want to go to the concert, you'll have to make a , or there will be no tickets.A. reservationB. punctualityC. complimentD. clarity24. I arrive at nine o'clock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning__.A. habitB. customC. practiceD. routine25. David __ his company's success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work.A. attributedB. contributedC. acknowledgedD. pledged26. You've been talking with David all evening when you ought to be __ with other guests.A. blendingB. integratingC. minglingD. incorporating27. I asked my mother if I could go out, and she __A. descendedB. contentedC. consentedD. ascended28. The room is so with furniture that it is hard to move about.A. muddledB. clutteredC. distributedD. scattered29. Can't you speak more __ to your parents?A. respectablyB. respectinglyC. respectivelyD. respectfully30. Some __ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.A. seeminglyB. satisfactorilyC. uniformlyD. universally31. Sometimes children have trouble __ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.A. to separateB. separatingC. for separatingD. of separating32. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ate for his lecture.A. to have studentsB. for students' beingC. for students to beD. to students' being33. It's no use __ me not to worry.A. you tellB. your tellingC. for you to have toldD. having told34. all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.A. AtB. InC. ForD. On35. The children prefer camping in the mountains __ an indoor activity.A. toB. thanC. forD. with36. __ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A. To be freeB. To freeC. FreeingD. Freed37. .quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.A. UntilB. BeforeC. FromD. Since38. __ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in thisfield.A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given39. Not only __ us light, but also it gives us heat.A. the sun givesB. the sun does giveC. gives the sunD. does the sun give40. __ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A. To giveB. GivenC. GivingD. Having given Part Three Reading ComprehensionI. Direction: Each of the passages is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET( 1 ). ( 10% )Text 1Gene therapy and gene-based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years.While it's true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells haven't begun to specialize.Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells -- brain cells in Alzheimer's, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few if doctors could isolate stem ceils, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue.It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still can't be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations; but if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, re setting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent.For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what lan Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year.Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a true "miracle cure".41. The writer holds that the potential to make healthy body tissues will .A. aggravate moral issues of human cloning.B. bring great benefits to human beings.C. help scientists decode body instructions.D. involve employing surgical instruments.42. The word "rejuvenated" (Para. 5) most probably means __A. modified.B. re-collected.C. classified.D. reactivated.43. The research at the University of Wisconsin is mentioned to show __A. the isolation of stem cells.B. the effects of gene therapies.C. the advantages of human cloning.D. the limitations of tissue replacements.44. Which of the following is tree according to the text?A. The principle of gene therapy is applicable to that of cloning.B. The isolation of stem cells is too difficult to be feasible.C. It is reasonable for all body instructions to be activated.D. Cloned animals will eventually take control of the world.Text 2What our society suffers from most today is the absence of consensus about what it and life in it ought to be; such consensus cannot be gained from society's present stage, or from fantasies about what it ought to be. For that the present is too close and too diversified, and the future too uncertain, to make believable claims about it. A consensus in the present hence can be achieved only through a shared understanding of the past, as Homer's epics informed those who lived centuries later what it meant to be Greek, and by what images and ideals they were to live their lives and organize their societies.Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial, narcissistic personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus that would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In this study of narcissism, Christopher Lash says that modem man, "tortured by self-consciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for". There is widespread distress because nationalmorale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.Contrary to rigid religions or political beliefs, as are found in totalitarian societies, our culture is one of the great individual differences, at least in principle and in theory; but this leads to disunity, even chaos. Americans believe in the value of diversity, but just because our is a society based on individual diversity, it needs consensus about some dominating ideas more than societies based on uniform origin of their citizens. Hence, if we are to have consensus, it must be based on a myth -- a vision about a common experience, a conquest that made us Americans, as the myth about the conquest of Troy formed the Greeks. Only a common myth can offer relief from the fear that life is without meaning or purpose. Myths permit us to examine our place in the world by comparing it to a shared idem Myths are shared fantasies that form the tie that binds the individual to other members of his group. Such myths help to ward off feelings of isolations, guilt, anxiety, and purposelessness -- in short, they combat isolation and the breakdown of social standards and values.45. In the eyes of the author, the greatest trouble with the US society may lie inA. the non-existence of consensus on the forms of the society should take.B. the lack of divergence over the common organizations of social life.C. the non-acceptance of a society based on individual diversity.D. the pervasive distress caused by national morale decline.46. The asocial personality of Americans may stem fromA. the absence of a common religion and ancestry.B. the multiracial constituents of the US society.C. the want of a shared myths they possess in life.D. the counterbalance to narcissistic personality.47. Homer's epics is mentioned in Paragraph 1 in order toA. exemplify the contributions made by ancient poets.B. illustrate the role of shared fantasies about society.C. show an ideal stage of eternal social progress.D. make known myths of what a society ought to be.Text 3The early retirement of experienced workers is seriously harming the US economy, according to a new report from the Hudson Institute, a public policy research organization. Currently, many older experienced workers retire at an early age. According to the recently issued statistics, 79 percent of qualified workers begin collecting retirement benefits at age 62; if that trend continues, there will be a labor shortage that will hinder the economic growth in the twenty-first century.Older Americans constitute an increasing proportion of the population, according to the US Census Bureau, and the population of those over age 65 will grow by 60% between 2001 and 2020. During the same period, the group aged 18 to 44 will increase by only 4%. Keeping older skilled workers employed, even part time, would increase US economic output and strengthen the tax base; but without significant policy reforms, massive early retirement among baby boomers seems more likely.Retirement at age 62 is an economically rational decision today. Social Security and Medicaid earnings limits and tax penalties subject our most experienced workers to marginal tax rates as high as 67%. Social Security formulas encourage early retirement. Although incomes usually rise with additional years of work, any pay increases after the 35-year mark result in higher social Security taxes but only small increases in benefits.Hudson Institute researchers believe that federal tax and benefit policies are at fault and reforms are urgently needed, but they disagree with the popular proposal that much older Americans will have to work because Social Security will not support them and that baby boomers are not saving enough for retirement. According to the increase in 401 (k) and Keogh retirement plans, the ongoing stock market on Wall Street, and the likelihood of large inheritances, there is evidence that baby boomers will reach age 65 with greater financial assets than previous generations.The Hudson institute advocates reforming government policies that now discourage work and savings, especially for older worker. Among the report's recommendations: Tax half of all Social Security benefits, regardless of other income; provide 8% larger benefits for each year beyond 65; and permit workers nearing retirement to negotiate compensation packages that may include a lower salary but with greater healthcare benefits. However, it may take real and fruitful planning to find the right solution to the early retirement of older experienced workers; any measures taken must be allowed to prolong the serviceability of older experienced workers.48. According to Hudson Institute researchers, the effect of the early retirement of qualified workers in the U. S. economy is .A. constructive.B. significant.C. inconclusive.D. detrimental.49. The older experienced workers in America tend to retire early because their prolonged service may ___A. do harm to younger generations.B. end up with few or no benefits.C. give play to their potentials.D. shed light on social trends.50. The second paragraph is written chiefly to show that .A. there will be an acute labor shortage in the near future.B. baby-boomers contribute much to the US economic output.C. government policies concerning older people are out-dated.D. alder workers are enthusiastic about collecting social benefits.Ⅱ. Read the following passage carefully and then paraphrase the numbered and underlined parts. (" Paraphrase" means "to explain the meaning in your own English".) ( 15% )GeniusThe greatest results in life are attained by simple means, and the exercise of ordinary qualities. The common life of every day, with its cares, necessities, and duties, affords ample opportunity for acquiring experience of the best kind; and(51 )its most beaten paths provide the true worker with abundant scope for effort and room for self-improvement. (52) The road of human welfare lies along he old highway of stead fast well-doing; and they who are the most persistent, and work in the truest spirit, will usually be the most successful.Fortune has often been blamed for her blindness; but fortune is not so blind as men are. (53) Those who look into practical life will find that fortune is usually on the side of the industrious, as he winds and waves are on the side of the best navigators. In the pursuit of even the highest branches of human inquiry, the commoner qualities are found the most useful -- such as common sense, attention, application, and perseverance.Genius may not be necessary, though even genius of the highest sort does not disdain the use of these ordinary qualities. (54)The very greatest men have been among the least believers in the power of genius, and as worldly wise and persevering as successful men of the commoner sort.(55) Some have even defined genius to be only common sense intensifies. A distinguished teacher and resident of a college spoke of it as the power of making efforts. John Foster held it to be the power f lighting one's own fire. Buffon said of genius "it is patience".Part Four Cloze Test (10 % )Direction: Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. Put your answer in the ANSWER SHEET.It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of every day perceptions, the bases (56) the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be (57) __ in our past experiences, which are brought into the present (58) __ memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep (59) available for later use. It includes not only "remembering" thing like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is (60) when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.Memory (61) _ not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer(62) that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100, 000" words" ready for(63)__ use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meanings of about 100, 000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total(64) __ of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of facts and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and(65)__of words.56. A. of B. to C. for D. on57. A. kept B. found C. sought D. stored58. A. by B. from C. with . D. in59. A. experiences B. bases C. observations D. information60. A. called B. taken C: involved D. included61. A. exists B. appears C. affects D. seems62. A. to B. with C. against D. for63. A. progressive B. instructive C. instant D. protective64. A. deal B. number C. mount D. amount65. A. combinations B. corrections C. coordinations D. collections Part Five Proofreading (10 % )Directions: In the following passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, ONE in each numbered and under-lined part. You may have to change a word, add a word, or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it with a slash (/) and write the correct word beside it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash (/).Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET (2).Examples:eg. 1 (66) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2) ~ (66) begun beganeg. 2(67)Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up.Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2): (67) (Scarcely) had (they)eg. 3 (68) Never will I not do it again.Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2): (68) notPassage OneHow to Get Preserved as a Fossil(66) Unfortunately the changes of any animal become a fossil are not very great, and (67) the chances of a fossil then being discovered man,/thousand of years later are even less. (68) It is not surprising that all the millions of animals that have lived in the past, (69)we actually have fossils of only very few.(70) There are several ways into which animals and plants may become fossilized.(71)First, it is essential that the remains are buried, as though dead animals and plants are quickly destroyed.(72) If they remain exposed the air. Plants rot, while insects and hyenas eat the flesh and bones of animals. (73) Finally, the few remaining bones soon disintegrate the hot sun and pouring rain. If buried in suit able conditions, however, animal and plant remains will be preserved.(74)The same chemicals change sand and silt into hard rock will also enter the animal and plant remains and make them hard too. (75)When this happens, we say that they become fossilized. Part Six Writing (15 % )Directions:A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 250 -300 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:(1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.(2) point out the problem and give your comments.C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.参考答案与解析21．B concede意为“让步”；conform(to)意为“遵守”；comply(with)意为“遵从”；confront 意为“使面对，对抗”。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (40 % )Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on thebest choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Eight times within the past million years, something in the Earth's climatic equation has changed, allowing snow in the mountains and the northern latitudes to accumulate from one season to the next instead ofmelting away. Each time, the enormous ice sheets resulting from this continual buildup lasted tens of thousands of years until the end of each particular glacial cycle brought a warmer climate. Scientists speculatedthat these glacial cycles were ultimately driven by astronomical factor: slow, cyclic changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and in the tilt and orientation of its spin axis. But up until around 30 years ago, the lackof an independent record of ice-age timing made the hypothesis untreatable.Then in the early 1950's Emirian produced the first complete record of the waxwings and awnings of firstglaciations. It came from a seemingly odd place, the seafloor. Single-cell marine organisms called "foraminifera'' house themselves in shells made from calcium carbonate. When the foraminifera die, sink to the bottom, and become part of seafloor sediments, the carbonate of their shells preserves certain characteristics ofthe seawater they inhabited. In particular, the ratio of a heavy isotope of oxygen (oxygen- 18) to ordinaryoxygen (oxygen - 16) in the carbonate preserves the ratio of the two oxygen’s in water molecules.It is now understood that the ratio of oxygen isotopes reflects the proportion of the world's water lockedup in glaciers and ice sheets. A kind of meteorological distillation accounts for the link. Water molecules containing the heavier isotope tend to condense and fall as precipitation slightly sooner than molecules containingthe lighter isotope. Hence, as water vapor evaporated from warm oceans moves away from its source, its oxygen - 18 returns more quickly to the oceans than does its oxygen - 16. What falls as snow on distant icesheets and mountain glaciers is relatively depleted of oxygen -18. As the oxygen -18 -poor ice builds up,the oceans become relatively enriched in the isotope. The larger the ice sheets grow, the higher the proportionof oxygen - 18 becomes in seawater -- and hence in the sedimentsAnalyzing cores drilled from seafloor sediments, Mililani found that the isotopic ratio rose and fell inrough accord with the Earth's astronomical cycles. Since that pioneering observation, oxygen isotope measurements have been made on hundreds of cores. The combined record enables scientists to show that the record contains the very periodicities as the orbital processes. Over the past 800, 000 years, the global ice volume peaked every 100,000 years, matching the period of the orbital eccentricity variation. In addition,"wrinkles" superposed on each cycle -- small decreases or surges in ice volume -- have come at intervals ofroughly 23, 000 and 41,000 years, in keeping with the precession and tilt frequencies of the Earth's spinaxis.16. In opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________A. unfolding a phenomenon.B. posing a contrast.C. refuting a speculation.D. testifying a hypothesis.17. The expression "waxings and wanings" (Paragraph 2) most probably means ________A. regularities and eccentricities.B. vaporizations and sediments.C. variants and constants.D. maximizations an minimizations.18. As pointed out in the text, the ratio of oxygen - 18 to oxygen - 16 in seafloor sediments and that of these isotopes locked in glaciers and ice-sheets are________A. irrelevant.B. correlated.C. corresponding.D. identical.19. Single-cell marine organisms referred to as "foraminifera" as mentioned in the text might serve as_________A. a proof against the existence of oxygen.B. a testimony to sediment formation processes.C. a valid record justifying glacial periodic cycles.D. an indicator of the ratio of the two oxygen’s.20. What can we safely infer from the text?A. Many a phenomenon might be caused by astronomical factors.B. Any hypothesis should be abandoned unless supported by solid records.C. Glaciers are the records keeping Earth's astronomical cycles.D. Oxygen isotopes are evenly distributed throughout the earth surface.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite between smoking and bronchial troubles,heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, thegovernments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governmentshave taken timid measures. In Britain, for example, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. Theconscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerousdeath.You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been solukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It's almost like a tax onour daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for itsentire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vastsums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent oncancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In thelong run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestlyconcerned about the welfare of their peoples, you'd think they'd conduct aggressive antismoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertisingis as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early inthe morning. That would never do. The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. Theysuggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life,with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments, could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should thenconduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places liketheatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the direconsequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning -- say, a picture of a death's head -- should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.21. The best title of the text may be _______A. give up the habit of smoking immediately.B. word governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.C. go on with anti-smoking lobby vigorously.D. world governments should allocate more funds on cancer researches.22. As pointed out in the text, governments are reluctant to exercise total ban on cigarette and tobacco advertising _____A. in the interests of financial rewards.B. for the sake of the public's welfare.C. without regard to tax collections.D. in anticipation of smokerslobbying.23. The word "hypocrisy" ( Paragraph 2) denotes ______A. dishonesty.B. predicament.C. indecision.D. intimidation.24. It can be concluded that anti-smoking campaigns should be conducted_______A. insidiously and discreetly.B. vividly and attractively.C. aggressively and drastically.D. disinterestedly and bravely.25. The author is most critical of________A. anti-smoking lobbyists.B. tobacco advertisers.C. world governments.D. tax collectors.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:It is the staff of dreams and nightmares. Where Tony Blair's attempts to make Britain love the Euro havefallen on deaf ears, its incarnation as notes and coins will succeed. These will be used not just in the Euro area but in Britain. As the British become accustomed to the Euro as a cash currency, they will warm to itpaving the way for a yes note in a referendum.The idea of Euro creep appeals to both sides of the Euro argument. According to the pros, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those in favor are bound towin. According to the antis, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those opposed must mobilize for the fight.Dream or nightmare, Euro creep envisages the single currency worming its way first into the British economy and then into the affections of voters. British tourists will come back from their European holidaysladen with Euros, which they will spend not just at airports but in high street shops. So, too, will foreignvisitors. As the Earn becomes a parallel currency, those who make up the current two-o-one majority willchange their minds. From there, it will be a short step to decide to dispense with the pound.Nell Kinnock, a European commissioner and former leader of the Labor Party, predicts that the Eurowill soon become Britain's second currency. Hans Eichel, the German finance minister, also says that it willbecome a parallel currency in countries like Switzerland and Britain. Peter Hain, the European minister whois acting as a cheerleader for membership, says the Euro will become "a practical day-to-day reality and thatwill enable people to make a sensible decisionabout it". As many as a third of Britain's biggest retailers,such as Marks and Spencer, have said they will take Euros in some of their shops. BP has also announcedthat it will accept Euros at some of its garages.But there is less to this than meet the eye. British tourists can now withdraw money from cash point fromEuropean holiday destinations, so they are less likely than in the past to end up with excess foreign money. Even if they do, they generally get rid of it at the end of their holidays, says David Southwell, a spokesman for the British Retail Consortium (BRC).26. According to the writer, once the British get used to the Euro,__A. there will be no obstacle for it to be a currency in Britain.B. it will take the place of pound in whatever aspects in Britain.C. the British will accept it as a cash currency gradually.D. it will become a symbol of reunification for European countries.27. The writer seems_________A. to be over-enthusiastic about the success of the Euro.B. to launch a vigorous campaign against the Euro creep.C. to hold a hostile attitude towards Euro expansions.D. to take a matter-of-face attitude towards the issue.28. The word "cheerleader" ( Paragraph 4) can best be replaced by ________A. "voter".B. "advocator".C. "critic".D. "prophet".29. What does the writer intends to illustrate with Marks and Spencer.9A. A kind of professional service.B. Objections to the Euro creep.C. A type of subjective brand loyalty.D. Expansions of the Euro in Britain.30. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Prospect of the Euro in Britain.B. A New Currency under Attack.C. The Popularity of the Euro in Britain.D. A Theme of Dreams and Nightmares. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struckby the appearance of the women taking part. Their hairstyles and make-up look dated; their skirts look eithertoo long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film,on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the years, the great majority of men have successfullyresisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each yeara few so-called top designers' in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over msh toobey. The doctrines of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitraryfashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out,, Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because theyshudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually blackmailed by the designers and the big stores, Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standingin front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vastsums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Woman who cannot afford to discardclothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hemlines are taken up or letdown; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested inoutward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at thesight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deepsnow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Dothe constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness andinstability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging stylesof dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.31. In the opening paragraph, the writer introduced his topic by________A. introducing an illusion.B. making a comparison.C. depicting a vivid scene.D. posing a sharp contrast.32. In the eyes of the author, the dictates of fashion probably means a sort of design characterized by ________A. obsolescence and sensibility.B. uniqueness and stability.C. creativity and hypocrisy.D. inconstancy and irrationality.33. The word "blackmailed" most probably means ________A. "taken advantage of"B. "given thought to".C. "taken into account".D. "born in mind".34. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.A. suitabilityB. comfortC. appearanceD. fabric35. It can be inferred from the passage that women should________A. see through the very nature of fashion myths.B. boycott the products of the fashion industry.C. avoid following fashion doctrines too closely.D. blame designers for their waste of money.Part III Vocabulary (10 % )Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlinedword. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36. The recovery and ________ of the country' s economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in 'attractive locations.A. renewalB. revivalC. recessionD. relief37. In fact tho purchasing power of a single person's pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the ______ Singapore pension.A. equivalentB. similarC. consistentD. identical38. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be ______ as to their motive inmaking contact.A. seen throughB. checked outC. touched onD. accounted to39. According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello ,just as there is worldwide _______ with boxing, so thereis worldwide opposition.A. passionB. attractionC. emotionD. fascination40. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar intheir _______ aspects.A. potentialB. socialC. essentialD. partial41. ________ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up suggestions for improving yourpresentation and qualifications.A. Take the most ofB. Keep the most ofC. Have the most ofD. Make the most of42. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly_______A. let aloneB. let outC. let downD. let on43. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become __ to her economy and politics over forty years' association.A. integralB. unilateralC. rationalD. hierarchical44. With most online recruitment services,jobseekers must choose their words 'carefully;________ the searchengine will never make the correct match.A. thereforeB. whereasC. providedD. otherwise45. The child should always ______ the same basic procedure:seeing the whole word-heating and pronouncing-writing from memory.A. go throughB. take overC. respond toD. carry off46. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3 - 12 years old _______ what hotel they are stayingin.A. regardless inB. regardless ofC. regardless onD. regardless from47. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he's been _______ with requests formoney from all sides.A. devastatedB. smashedC. bombardedD. cracked48. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, feel sure that I have no _________ but toreport him to the local police.A. timeB. chanceC. authorityD. alternative49. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.A. teem withB. brim withC. come withD. look with50. They are always ready to heavy responsibilities.A. take inB. take onC. put onD. put in51. There is only one difference between an old man and a young onethe young one has a glorious futurebefore him and the old one has a ________ future behind him.A. splendidB. conspicuousC. uproariousD. imminent52. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only______necessity.A. within reach ofB. for fear ofC. by means ofD. in case of53. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiates54. _______ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8 - 10 minutes or until most of the waterhas evaporated.A. Turn offB. Turn overC. Turn downD. Turn up55. Banks shall be unable to _______,or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt leftwith them.A. write offB. put asideC. shrink fromD. come overPart IV Cloze (10 % )Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet.Every second, 56 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's one to two football fields.This 57 rate of destruction has serious consequences 58 the environment. Scientists estimate,forexample, that 137 59 of plant, insect or animal become 60 every day due to logging. In British Columbia, 61 , since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have alreadybecome extinct, and the 62 of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 63 , provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so thegovernment is 64 to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production 65 making pulp andpaper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada 66 34% of the world's wood pulpand 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be 67 . Recently, a possible 68 way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists:a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands ofyears. It produces fore which can be 69 paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, itwas essential to the economies of many countries 70 it was used to make the ropes and cables used onsailing ships;colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading 71 would not have beenpossible 72 hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientistsare now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be 73 for the production of paper and pulp. Accordingto its proponents, four-times as 74 paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, andmany environmentalists believe that the 75 scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure onCanada's forests.56. A. matching B. equivalent C. mounting D. reaching57. A. great B. wonderful C. imaginary D. alarming58. A. for B. on C. at D. to59. A. types B. categories C. species D. classes60. A. extinct B. distinct C. dead D. exhausted61. A. when B. who C. where D. which62. A. territory B. land C. habitat D. inhabitant63. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. instead64. A. willing B. likely C. reluctant D. intended65. A. goes up B. goes towards C. goes into D. goes at66. A. supplies B. offers C. presents D. provides67. A. maintained B. sustained C. preserved D. held68. A. optional B. potential C. promising D. alternative69. A. made into B. made for C. made up D. made of70. A. since B. because C. as D. while71. A. link B. exchange C. network D. site72. A. except B. without C. with D. besides73. A. resumed B. renewed C. refreshed D. revived74. A. much B. many C. few D. more75. A. great B. large C. immense D. massivePart V Translation from English into ChineseDirections:Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growthwill depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of these is the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future,however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Dmcker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another sourceof new industries is the science of the oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals fromthe seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materialsfor making objects. One such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Dmcker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers,and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specificneeds. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, hepoints out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass Will have trouble competing withthose that produce these new materials.Part VI Writing( 15 % )Directions:A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:( 1 ) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.(2) point out the problem and give your comments.C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)参考答案与解析16．A 题干问：“在文章开头作者通过什么方式引入话题?”正确选项为A“揭示一种自然现象”。