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红楼梦回目第一回甄士隐梦幻识通灵贾雨村风尘怀闺秀Zhen Ombrage de Clerc fait connaissance,en rêve,Du jade des communications transcendantes;Jia Village sous Pluie,au vent de ce bas monde,S’éprend d’amour pour une fleur de gynécée.第二回贾夫人仙逝扬州城冷子兴演说荣国府Dame Lin née Jia fait ,par trépas,departVers le séjour des immortels;Leng dit le Florissant décrit,en long discours,L’état d’une maison ducale.第三回贾雨村夤缘复旧职林黛玉抛父进京都yín～缘〕攀缘上升，喻拉拢关系，向上巴结。
Lin Tel que Mer charge un puissant beau-frèreDe partonner son hôte précepteur;L’Aïeule Jia prend chez elle la filleD’une de ses trios filles trépassées.第四回薄命女偏逢薄命郎葫芦僧乱判葫芦案Un jeune infortunéfait, par malheur,rencontreD’une fille de piètre et maigre destine;Un échappédu Moutier de la CalebasseFait liquider,sous boisseau,un cas criminel.第五回游幻境指迷十二钗饮仙醪曲演红楼梦láo 酒的总称L’esprit du frérot Jade,en rêve,fait passageAu Domaine de la Supréme Vanité,Tandis que l’Immortelle veillant aux MiragesFait chanter les chansons du Songe au gynécée2.第六回贾宝玉初试云雨情刘姥姥一进荣国府Un frérot s’essaie aux jeuxDu nuage et de la pluie;La mémés’ouvre une entréeAu palais des ducs de Gloire.第七回送宫花贾琏戏熙凤宴宁府宝玉会秦钟La Jeune Dame You donne un festinPour honorer Wang Phénix triomphal;Cloche d’Or fait pour la Première foisRencontre avec Jia le Jade magique a.第八回比通灵金莺微露意探宝钗黛玉半含酸Le frérot Jade,par coup du destin,Fait connaissance du cadenas d’or；Par méméchance,àGrande Soeur Joyau,Est révéléle Jade transcendant.第九回恋风流情友入家塾起嫌疑顽童闹学堂À l’école privée un des deux garçonnetsS’éprend d’un camarade au coeur riche d’amour; Suscitant des soupçons les uns contre les autres, Des gamins turbulents mettent la classe en trouble a . 第十回金寡妇贪利权受辱张太医论病细穷源La veuve Jin,convoitant des profits,Endure humblement une honte;Le docteur Zhang,dissertant sur un cas,En fait l’analyse clinique.第十一回庆寿辰宁府排家宴见熙凤贾瑞起淫心Festin familial d’anniversaireAu Palais ducal de la Paix;Jia le Prodigieux voit Grande Soeur PhénixEt conçoit un dessein lubrique.第十二回王熙凤毒设相思局贾天祥正照风月鉴Grande Soeur Phénix tend,avec malice,Un piège funeste àson soupirant;Jia le Prodigieux est pris au miroirDes amours de brise et de clair de lune.第十三回秦可卿死封龙禁尉王熙凤协理宁国府À la Jeune Dame Qin est acquisUn titre posthume d’honneur;Grande Soeur Phénix administreUn deuil au Palais de la Paix.第十四回林如海捐官扬州城贾宝玉路谒北静王Les mânes de Lin Tel que MerFont retour au terroir natal;Au prince du Calme du Nord,Est présentéle frérot Jade.第十五回王凤姐弄权铁槛寺秦鲸卿得趣馒头庵kǎn Grande Soeur Phénix fait jeux de pouvoir,Au sein du Moutier dit du Seuil de Fer;Cloche d’Or,séduit,prend de l’agrémentDans le Couvent dit des Boules de Pain.第十六回贾元春才选凤藻宫秦鲸卿夭逝黄泉路L’Impériale Compagne Jia est,grace à son talent,promue Au Cabinet des Belles-Lettres;Le petit monsieur Cloche d’Or fait prématurément descente Aux bords des Sources infernales.第十七回大观园试才题对额贾宝玉机敏动诸宾Pour les noms à donner aux sites d’un grand parcLe talent d’un fils est par son père éprouvé;Une fille est près de rentrer chez ses parentsFêter la nuit de la première pansélène.第十八回林黛玉误剪香囊袋贾元春归省庆元宵L’Honorable Compagne impériale JiaRend,par grande faveur,visite à ses parents;Au cours du grand festin d’accueil familial,Le frérot Jade épand son talent littéraire.第十九回情切切良宵花解语意绵绵静日玉生香En belle nuit,d’amour sincère émue,Une fleur sachant user du langage;Jour calme;mû par le désir sans fin,Un jade en pouvoir d’émettre un parfum.第二十回王熙凤正言弹妒意林黛玉俏语谑娇音xuè开玩笑Grande Soeur Phénix,en termes congrus,Calme des tansports d’aigre jalousie;La soeurette Lin,par fin jeu de mots,Raille un vocatif à l’accent trop tendre.第二十一回贤袭人娇嗔箴宝玉俏平儿软语救贾琏zhēn劝告；劝诫Par ses tendres courroux,la sage caméristePense amender son jeune maître;Grâce à de doux propos,une adroite soubretteSauve,d’une scène,un Monsieur.第二十二回听曲文宝玉悟禅机制灯谜贾政悲谶语chèn 迷信人指将来会应验的话.Pour un jeune frérot,de couplets de théâtre,Résulte éveil au dyana;Des énigmes en vers,pour un Monsieur sagace,Présagent de mauvais destins.第二十三回西厢记妙词通戏语牡丹亭艳曲警芳心Grâce aux beaux vers du Dut du pavillon de l’ouest,S’exprime un jeu de propos tendres;Des séduisant couplets du Kiosque aux pivoines,S’émeut un coeur d’amour en fleur.第二十四回醉金刚轻财尚义侠痴女儿遗帕惹相思Un «Vajra soûl1»,faisant fi d’un vil gain’S’émeut d’amitiégénéreuse;Un mouchoir perdu de fille encor niceSuscite un double mal d’amour.第二十五回魇魔法姊弟逢五鬼红楼梦通灵遇双真zǐ本义:姐姐Par sortilège envoûtés,le frérotJade et PhénixÀ cinq demons sont en proie;Terni,l’abraxas de jade,à deux immortalisésDoit un réveil efficace.第二十六回蜂腰桥设言传心事潇湘馆春困发幽情Au Chalet des Deux Rivières,germe en secret un amour, Dans les langueurs du printemps;Au Pont en Taille de Guêpe,s’amorce subtil message Pour une affaire de coeur.第二十七回滴翠亭杨妃戏彩蝶埋香冢飞燕泣残红Auprés du Kiosque dit des Larmes d’Émeraude,Une beautésemblable à Yang la Favorite¹poursuit Des papillons;Devant le Tombeau dit des Arômes défunts,Une belle égale à la belle Aronde en Vol²,pleureDes fleurs flétries.第二十八回蒋玉菡情赠茜香罗薛宝钗羞笼红麝串Un jeune et bel acteur, épris d’amour,fait donD’un crêpe àparfum de garance;La belle au joyau d’or cache modestementUn chapelet de grains de musc.第二十九回享福人福深还祷福痴情女情重愈斟情D’heureuse fortune comblés,Des heureux font prière aux dieux de fortuneEncor plus heureuse;Le belle au coeur d’amour épris,À tant d’amour sent s’ajouter un anxieux surcroîtD’amour.第三十回宝钗借扇机带双敲龄官划蔷痴及局外Un éventail aidant,la belle au joyau d’or,Pour railler un railleur,use de l’ équivoque;En dessinant un nom de fleur et de jeune home,Une amoureuse affole un coeur non concerné.第三十一回撕扇子作千金一笑因麒麟伏白首双星Éventails déchirés,en rappel de l’histoireDu millier d’onces d’or n’achetant qu’un seul rire; Licornes d’or,en paire,annonçant longue vie,En cheveux blanchissants,d’un couple conjugal.第三十二回诉肺腑心迷活宝玉含耻辱情烈死金钏[D’avoir,àpleins poumos,calméle tourment qui lui tient au coeur,Un frérot demeure égaré;Supportant mal un déshonneur,une soubrette humiliéeSe donne,de rage,la mort.第三十三回手足耽耽小动唇舌不肖种种大承笞挞dān耳朵大而且下垂。
上古时，女娲娘娘炼石补天，采来三万六千五百零一块顽石，只剩下一块未用，扔在大荒山青埂峰下。
这块顽石经过娘娘的锻炼，有了灵性，能变大变小，会自来自去。
这天，一个和尚与一个道士来到青埂峰下，见这块石头变得洁净晶莹，只有折扇的扇坠般大小。
和尚把他托在手上，说：“在你身上刻上几个字，让人们见了就知道你是个宝贝，把你带到繁荣昌盛的国家、读书识礼的豪门望族、花柳繁华富贵温柔的地方走一趟。
”石头高兴万分，问：“不知刻什么字?带到哪儿?”和尚笑着说：“你先别问。
将来自然明白。
”说完，他把石头放在袖中，与道士飘然离去。
又不知过了多少万年，有个空空道人路过大荒山无稽崖青埂峰下，见到一块巨石，上面刻着许多字，就从头到尾看了一遍。
原来石上刻的是他被茫茫大士携入红尘，投胎人世间的一番经历。
上面什么事情都有，只是没有朝代年月，后面还有一首诗：无才可去补苍天，枉入红尘若许年。
此系身前身后事，倩谁记去作奇传?空空道人就把石中文字抄下来，定名为《石头记》。
他因受了石上故事的影响，就改名为情僧，把《石头记》改为《情僧录》。
山东的孔梅溪题为《*》。
后来，曹雪芹于悼红轩中，披阅十载，增删五次，编纂成目录，分出章回，又题名为《金陵十二钗》，并题一首绝句：满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪!都云作者痴，谁解其中味?那块石头上记录的文字是这样的：苏州城的阊门，是人间最繁华风liu的地方。
阊门外有个十里街，街上有条仁清巷，巷里有座葫芦庙，庙旁住着一家官人，姓甄名费字士隐，娶妻封氏，性情贤淑。
家中虽不是多富，在这一带也是第一家。
他生性恬淡，不求功名，每天观花种竹、饮酒作诗，倒也神仙般快乐。
美中不足的是，老夫妻年近半百，没有儿子，只一个女儿，名叫英莲，年方三岁。
盛夏的一天，士隐在书房读书读累了，伏到几案上，矇矇眬眬地来到一个地方，就见来了一个和尚、一个道人。
道人问：“你要把这蠢物带到哪里?”和尚说：“如今有一段风liu 公案还没了结，这些风liu冤家还没投胎。
Y：Yang Xianyi H：David Hawkes 37、世事洞明皆学问，⼈情练达即⽂章． Y: A grasp of mundane affairs is genuine knowledge; Understanding of worldly wisdom is true learning. H: True learning implies a clear insight into human activities; Genuine culture involves the skilful manipulation of human relations. 38、嫩寒锁梦因春冷，芳⽓笼⼈是酒⾹。
Y: Coolness wraps her dream, for spring is chill; A fragrance assails men, the aroma of wine. H: The coldness of spring has imprisoned the soft buds in a wintry dream; The fragrance of wine has intoxicated the beholder with imagined flower-scents. 39、春梦随云散，飞花逐⽔流；寄⾔众⼉⼥，何必觅闲愁。
Y: Gone with clouds spring's dream, Flowers drift away on the stream. Young lovers all, be warned by me, Cease courting needless misery. H: Spring's dream-time will like drifting clouds disperse, Its flowers snatched by a flood none can reverse. Then tell each nymph and swain, 'Tis folly to invite love's pain! 40、厚地⾼天，堪叹古今情不尽；痴男怨⼥，可怜风⽉债难偿。
件事情就了不得，因为仗着亲戚们的势力，花了些银钱，这算白打死了一个公子。
哥哥就该改过做起正经人来，也该奉养母亲才是，不想进了京仍是这样。
妈妈为他不知受了多少气，哭掉了多少眼泪。
给他娶了亲，原想大家安安逸逸的过日子，不想命该如此，偏偏娶的嫂子又是一个不安静的，所以哥哥躲出门的。
真正俗语说的‘冤家路儿狭’，不多几天就闹出人命来了。
妈妈和二哥哥也算不得不尽心的了，花了银钱不算，自己还求三拜四的谋干。
无奈命里应该，也算自作自受。
大凡养儿女是为著老来有靠，便是小户人家还要挣一碗饭养活母亲，那里有将现成的闹光了反害的老人家哭的死去活来的？不是我说，哥哥的这样行为，不是儿子，竟是个冤家对头。
妈妈再不明白，明哭到夜，夜哭到明，又受嫂子的气。
我呢，又不能常在这里劝解，我看见妈妈这样，那里放得下心。
他虽说是傻，也不肯叫我回去。
前儿老爷打发人回来说，看见京报唬的了不得，所以才叫人来打点的。
我想哥哥闹了事，担心的人也不少。
幸亏我还是在跟前的一样，若是离乡调远听见了这个信，只怕我想妈妈也就想杀了。
我求妈妈暂且养养神，趁哥哥的活口现在，问问各处的帐目。
人家该咱们的，咱们该人家的，亦该请个旧伙计来算一算，看看还有几个钱没有。
”薛姨妈哭着说道：“这几天为闹你哥fated," Baochai kept tellingher to comfort her. "Inheritingso much property, he shouldhave lived quietly, mindinghis own business. Instead hecarried on scandalously downsouth, behaving sodisgracefully over Xiangling.It was only because of hispowerful connections andmoney that he got away withkilling that young gentleman.He should have turned over anew leaf then, and taken goodcare of you; but here in thecapital he carried on just asbefore. Goodness knows howoften he's provoked you,mother, how many tears he'smade you shed. "Then yougot him a wife, and wethought we could all live inpeace; but it was his fate tomarry such a shrew that heleft home to avoid her. As theproverb says, 'Foes are fatedto meet' - before very long hekilled a man again! "You andCousin Ke have done all youcould for him: spendingmoney and begging this oneand that one to help. Butthere's no escaping fate, andhe brought this on himself.People bring up children asprops for their old age, andeven the son of a poor familywill work to support hismother. What good is onewho squanders his wholeinheritance and breaks his oldmother's heart? "Maybe Ishouldn't say this, but the waybrother behaves he isn't yourson but your enemy. If youdon't wake up to this, you'llkeep crying from dawn tilldusk, from dusk till dawn,and have more to put up withfrom sister-in-law as well. As‘Brother Pan must have beenborn under an unlucky star,Mama! With the fortune thatGrandpa left, he should havebeen able to lead a quiet andcomfortable life. But insteadit’s been one disaster afteranother. First came Nankingand that disgraceful businessover Caltrop. He was entirelyto blame for that poor youngman’s death, and it was justlucky for him that we still hadplenty of pull and money inthose days, and were able toget him off.‘You’d have thought ascrape like that would havebeen enough to make himmend his ways. You’d havethought he might have takenlife a bit more seriously afterthat and devoted more time tolooking after his own mother.But no, as soon as we arrivedhere, it was the same story allover again. I hate to thinkhow much you’ve suffered onhis account, Mama, howmany tears you’ve shed. Thenhe got married, and at last wethought life might quietendown a bit for all of us. Butfate evidently had somethingelse in mind. Eventually thatdreadful woman drove himaway with her insufferablecarryings on. ‘And even thatwas not the end of it. As thesaying goes: “Fate moves in anarrow lane, and collisionsare hard to avoid!” It wasonly a few days before he wasmixed up in this new murdercase! You and Cousin Kehave done everything youpossibly could. Apart from allthe money you’ve spent,you’ve never stopped askingfor help and thinking of waysto get him out. You can’t goon struggling with fate. He’llhave to pay the price for hisown misdeeds. ‘Most parentslook to their children forsupport in their old age, andeven in poor families a manwill do his best to earn hismother a bowl of rice. Butwhat has Pan done?Squandered a ready-madefortune, and made your life amisery. I know I shouldn’t say哥的事，你来了，不是你劝我，便是我告诉你衙门的事。
红楼梦译文对比译文比较：《红楼梦》《红楼梦》曹雪芹第二十八回蒋玉菡情赠茜香罗薛宝钗羞笼红麝串这里宝玉悲恸了一回，忽然抬头不见了黛玉，便知黛玉看见他躲开了，自己也觉无味，抖抖土起来，下山寻归旧路，往怡红院来。
可巧看见林黛玉在前头走，连忙赶上去，说道：“你且站住。
我知你不理我，我只说一句话，从今后撂开手。
”林黛玉回头看见是宝玉，待要不理他，听他说“只说一句话，从此撂开手”，这话里有文章，少不得站住说道：“有一句话，请说来。
”宝玉笑道：“两句话，说了你听不听？”黛玉听说，回头就走。
宝玉在身后面叹道：“既有今日,何必当初!” 林黛玉听见这话，由不得站住，回头道：“当初怎么样？今日怎么样？”宝玉叹道：“当初姑娘来了，那不是我陪着顽笑？凭我心爱的，姑娘要，就拿去；我爱吃的，听见姑娘也爱吃，连忙干干净净收着等姑娘吃。
一桌子吃饭，一床上睡觉。
丫头们想不到的，我怕姑娘生气，我替丫头们想到了。
我心里想着：姊妹们从小儿长大，亲也罢，热也罢，和气到了儿，才见得比人好。
如今谁承望姑娘人大心大，不把我放在眼睛里，倒把外四路的（注：指血缘关系疏远的亲戚。
）什么宝姐姐凤姐姐的放在心坎上，倒把我三日不理四日不见的。
我又没个亲兄弟姊妹。
——虽然有两个，你难道不知道是和我隔母的？我也和你似的独出，只怕同我的心一样。
谁知我是白操了这个心，弄的有冤无处诉！”说着不觉滴下眼泪来。
译文一：杨宪益、戴乃迭，A Dream of Red MansionsA Dream of Red MansionsCao XueqinAn Excerpt from Chapter 28Jiang Yuhan Gives a New Friend a Scarlet Perfumed Sash Baochai Bashfully Shows Her Red Bracelet Scented with MuskWhen Baoyu recovered sufficiently to look up she had gone, obviously to avoid him. Getting up rather sheepishly, he dusted off his clothes and walked down the hill to make his way back again to Happy Red court. Catching Sight of Daiyu ahead, he overtook her.“Do stop!”he begged. “I know you won’t look at me, but let me just say one word. After that we can part company for good.”Daiyu glanced round and would have ignored him, but was curious to hear this “one word,”thinking there must be something in it. She came to a halt.“Out with it.”Baoyu smiled.“Would you listen if I said two words?”he asked.At once she walked away.Baoyu, close behind her, sighed.“Why are things so different now from in the past?”Against her will she stopped once more and turned her head.“What do you mean by ‘now’ and the ‘past’?”Baoyu heaved another sigh.“Wasn’t I your playmate when you first came?”he demanded.“Anything that pleased me was yours, cousin, for the asking. If I knew you fancied a favorite dish of mine, I put it away in a clean place till you came. We ate at the same table and slept on the same bed. I took care that the maids did nothing to upset you; for I thought cousins growing up together as such good friends should be kinder to each other than anyone else. I never expected you to grow so proud that now you have no use for me while you’re so fond of outsiders like Baochai and Xifeng. You ignore me or cut me for three or four days at a time. I’ve no brothers or sisters of my own -- only two by a different mother, as well you know. So I’m an only child like you, and I thought that would make for an affinity between us. But apparently it was no use my hoping for that. There’s nobody I can tell how unhappy I am.” With that, he broke down again.译文二：David Hawkes,The Story of the StoneThe Story of the StoneCao XueqinAn Excerpt from Chapter 28A crimson cummerbund becomes a pledge of friendship And a chaplet of medicine-beads becomes a source ofembarrassmentBy the time Baoyu’s weeping was over, Daiyu was no longer there. He realized that she must have seen him and have gone away in order to avoid him. Feeling suddenly rather foolish, he rose to his feet and brushed the earth from his clothes. Then he descended from the rockery and began to retrace his steps in the direction of Green Delights. Quite by coincidence Daiyu was walking along the same path a little way ahead.“Stop a minute!”he cried, hurrying forward to catch up with her.“I know you are not taking any notice of me, but I only want to ask you one simple question, and then you need never have anything more to do with me.”Daiyu had turned back to see who it was. When she saw that it was Baoyu still, she was going to ignore him again; but hearing him say that he only wanted to ask her one question, she told him that he might do so.Baoyu could not resist teasing her a little.“How about two questions? Would you wait for two?”Daiyu set her face forwards and began walking on again.Baoyu sighed.“If it has to be like this now,”he said, as if to himself, “it’s a pity it was ever like it was in the beginning.”Daiyu’s curiosity got the better of her. She stopped walking and turned once more towards him.“Like what in the beginning?” she asked.“And like what now?”“Oh, the beginning!”said Baoyu.“In the beginning, when you first came here, I was your faithful companion in all your games. Anything I had, even the thing most dear to me, wasyours for the asking. If there was something to eat that I specially liked, I had only to hear that you were fond of it too and I would religiously hoard it away to share with you when you got back, not daring even to touch it until you came. We ate at the same table. We slept in the same bed. I used to think that because we were so close then, there would be something special about our relationship when we grew up -- that even if we weren’t particularly affectionate, we should at least have more understanding and forbearance for each other than the rest. But how wrong I was! Now that you have grown up, you seem only to have grown mor e touchy. You don’t seem to care about me any more at all. You spend all your time brooding about out-siders like Feng and Chai. I haven’t got any real brothers and sisters left here now. There are Huan and Tan, of course; but as you know, they’re only my half-brother and half-sister: they aren’t my mother’s children. I’m on my own, like you. I should have thought we had so much in common -- But what’s the use? I try and try, but it gets me nowhere; and nobody knows or cares.”At this point -- in spite of himself -- he burst into tears.。
《红楼梦》译例1.例；霍克斯（David Hwakes[1]Hwakes，David.The Story of the Stone[M].Penguin Books，1980.）翻译的《红楼梦》以下意识的西方中心的惯常思维，用西方读者熟知的文化意象将原语文化强行进行置换、归化。
他将“怡红公子”译为“Green Boy”，“怡红院”译成“the House of GreenDelights”。
他想当然地用自己西方人的文化视野来看待书中颜色的文化含义，将“红”归化为西方人的喜欢的“绿”，的文化含义。
忽视了“红色”在中国文化里具有吉祥和喜庆之义和在这部作品中对“爱情”的含义，使西方人很难领略到甚至曲解深厚的中国文化。
2; 例；《红楼梦》第25回有这样一句话：“没良心的!狗咬吕洞宾——不识好歹”。
杨宪益([4]杨宪益，戴乃迭.红楼梦[M].人民文学出版社，1994.) 先生将其译为：“Y ou ungraceful thing! Like the dog that bit LvDongbin--you bite the hand that feeds you”。
译文采用增加、注释的方法，真实地再现了“狗咬吕洞宾——不识好歹”这一具有中华文化特色习语的文化含义。
习语前半部译成比喻“Like the dog…”，把释义放在后半部“Y ou bit the hand that feeds you”。
真可谓比喻部分象原文一样生动，释义部分如原文一样确切，前后相得益彰，淋漓尽致地再现了源语文化。
杨氏夫妇把“泥猪癞狗、枯株朽木、粪窟泥沟”翻译成“no better than a filthy pig or mangy dog; just a stump of rottenwood; just a cess-poolorgutter.”(杨, 1978, 111-112 [5]杨宪益,戴乃迭,译.红楼梦[M].北京:外文出版社, 1978.);而霍克斯则翻译为“just a pigwal-lowing in the mud, a mangy dog; the dead and rotten wood beneath; the cessp it and swell the stinking sewer of my inside.”(霍, 1979, 178 [3]霍克斯,大卫,译.石头记[M].伦敦:印第安那大学出版社, 1979.)。
