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2023-2024学年高考英语专项真题试卷练习——动词的时态和语态1.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure that I feel when I’m hearing birdsong (support) by research.2.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）So, when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike, (listen) for the birds that share your ce.3.（湖南省益阳市南县第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）As we know, China’s Belt and Road Initiative______ (motivate) more countries to cooperate more closely so far.4.（湖南省永州一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Over the past few years, China (see) a risein young consumers interested in internal brands and products that incorporate traditional Chinese style and culture, a trend known as guochao.5.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）Since the Chinese highly qualified silk (make) its fame to the western countries, the merchants sought the opportunity of trading Chinese silk along this route and gained a great fortune.6.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）Many people took part and numerous goods (trade) in the great international trade at that time.7.（湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题）First manufactured in Shanghai in the 1940s, White Rabbit wasn’t only a household name in China, it also (use) as gifts for foreign dignitaries(政要).8.（湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）China’s modernization process over the past four decades____ (create) a new context where there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, gnerating something new and genuine.9.（湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）This new technology (be) as important then as the Internet is today for spreading of knowledge and communication.10.（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The neighborhood (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is currently managed by the National Peking Opera Company.11.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）To commemorate the occasion, China Post （issue）a collection of stamps in December（2021）.12.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）During his lifetime, Wang （pen）more than 1, 000 poems.13.（湖南天壹名校联盟2023-2024学年高三大联考试题）The “Spring Fair”, featuring diverse Chinese cultural activities, (hold) on Sunday at the Garden of Serenity, a traditional Chinese garden in Santa Lucija, Malta.14.（湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）It is a result of art and time. The tone of guqin is quiet and distant. The guqin (favor) by the literati(文人)in ancient China.15.（湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016, (date) back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of lacquered wood(漆木)and the strings of twisted silk.16.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Maliao village is famous for its silver jewellery. In fact, Miao silver jewellery (list) as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006.17.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Since that year, most young craftsmen (return) to their hometown and found a bright future.18.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）Tea picking (become) a habit for her over the past five years. After she is done, Tsering Yangdron goes back home, where she also runs a homestay.19.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）“We have come up with a dish of fresh tea buds fried with eggs,” she said. A kilogram of fresh tea buds (sell) for 300 yuan.20.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）It represents the traditional cultural heritage of the Han ethnic group in China. Hanfu embodies the elegance, grace, and beauty of ancient Chinese civilization. In the last few years it (make) a comeback.21.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）Certain hanfu has a colorful reflective effect, as shiny decorative powders (stamp) into the cloth.22.（湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高三调研试题）Taiping Village, 40 kilometers north of Lingjiatan, has a volunteer team called “Taiping Women”, which (found) by Wang Zilian several years ago. 23.（湖北省宜荆荆恩2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Despite the word “snail” in its Chinese name, actual snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but (use) to flavor the soup.24.（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）One day when she (cycle) to school, she bumps into a handsome student named Souta, who turns out to be a “Closer” — a person charged with “closing doors to another world”.25.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）The center (launch) in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of those running its 435 street stalls, many of whom are migrant workers from around the country without local relatives to help take care of their children. 26.（江苏省镇江第一中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）According to a recent report archaeologists______ (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors.27.（江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高三试题）The story of the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the master of romantic poetry Li Bai (offer) a glimpse into the star-studded history of the Tang era.28.（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）Under the theme of “Chinese language plus arts”, the series______ (comprise) of two parts the first part of which contains four episodes, each featuring one artist.29.（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）In the first episode, Wu, one director of Fine Arts Experimental Art School at the academy (share) his creation procedure of The Heaven of Nine Levels, a hand-carved piece inspired by Shan Hai Jing.30.（江苏省百校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）Chen Bing is one of the inheritors (传承人) of the Chen-style taijiquan. He (practise) it since he was six years old under the guidance of his uncles, Chen Xiaowang and Chen Xiaoxing.31.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）It was a big day for Liu Jing, an overseas Chinese student in Paris. She (work) with her friends for three months on an exhibition.32.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）In mid 2022, the French brand Dior introduced its new collection by using China’s traditional mamianqun element without being acknowledged by relevant Chinese institutions. The French brand (criticize) due to the incident.33.（江苏省常州市八校2023年高三10月联合调研）He said he felt very good. He (follow) by Wang, the first female Chinese astronaut who had entered China’s ce station.34.（江苏省常州市八校2023年高三10月联合调研）“I want to tell my daughter, mom returned afterreaching for the stars,” she said. Ye (exit) last from the capsule.35.（江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研试题）Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.”36.（江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研试题）Lewina Lee, lead author of the study, said, “A lot of evidence ___ (suggest) that exceptional longevity( 长寿) is widely accompanied by a longer n of good health and living without disability.37.（江苏省常州市十校2023年高三联合调研）Any normal person sometimes experience disappointment, ambitions and the loss of loved ones. But for many people, these matters of human existence (transform) into an abnormal state of deir.38.（江苏省东台中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）Despite the word “snail” in its Chinese name, actual snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but (use) to flavor the soup.39.（江苏省灌南高级中学2023-2024学年高三试卷）Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms______ (become) a huge problem in recent years.40.（江苏省灌南高级中学2023-2024学年高三试卷）Cybercriminals took advantage of a weakness in a server,______ (assess) the company’s files and demanded a large sum of money.41.（江苏省连云港高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题）At the entrance to the villages, a grand “torch tower”, standing more than 20 metres high and made of pine branches and dry firewood, (decorate) with fresh flowers and fruits.42.（江苏省连云港外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.43.（江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题）“The on-loan program (highlight) close partnerships and scientific cooperation between China and other countries.44.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the UNESCO Representative List ofthe Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.45.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rootedin people’s everyday life.”46.（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）Wearing traditional Li costumes, and fishing in streams_____ (be) among visitors’ favorite activities. Danzhou has also attracted visitors by organizing sports events.47.（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）By Aug 19, Haihua Island (receive) over 1 million tourists during the summer vacation.48.（江苏省苏州中学校2023-2024学年高三试题) Besides their obvious monetary value, they all carry their own cultural value as well. For example, on the back of the 5-yuan banknote Taishan Mountain in Shandong.49.（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）He mentioned that the Chinese market is significant for jade products, and his business (operate) in China for 10 years.50.（河北省衡水市第二中学2023-2024学年高三检测试题）Among his impressive consideration_____ (be) Harvard, Stanford, and MIT.二单项选择1．I___________ for a lecture this afternoon, so I’m afraid I won’t be able to meet you at the airport.A．have prepared B．will have preparedC．have been preparing D．will be preparing2．In recent years, a global campaign ______ by the ce Agency to promote further development of the manned aviation.A．launched B．has launched C．was launched D．has been launched 3．—The works of art on show were beautiful indeed.—True. It’s a pity that we ________ to take photographs in the museum.A．didn’t allow B．hadn’t allowedC．weren’t allowed D．haven’t been allowed4．By the time my mother came back from work, my sister and I ______ supper and were waiting for her at the table.A．have cooked B．had cooked C．were cooking D．would cook5．The medical worker, along with his colleague, ________ thousands of citizens in the last three years.A．serves B．servedC．have served D．has served6．It’s reported that many houses________ at present in the disastrous area.A．have built B．are built C．are being built D．have been built7．Food supplies in this area________ out. We must act now before there is none left.A．are running B．will run C．have run D．run8．My father________ for ten years but he has given it up because of his illness.A．smokes B．smoked C．had smoked D．has smoked9．All passengers object to transferring to the next flight ________ they ________ a proper explanation.A．though; will make B．unless; are givenC．if; will give D．because; are made10．I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song.A．bought B．was buying C．has bought D．would buy11．The boss finally decided to send Ken to Kunming for a business trip, for he ______ there for five years and is familiar with the city.A．works B．would work C．had worked D．has been working 12．Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day.A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited13．I’m well aware that I shouldn’t have got angry with John — He me; he really meant it for the best.A．hadn’t criticized B．wasn’t criticizingC．wouldn’t criticize D．hadn’t been criticizing14．Thompson has two plans, neither of ________ to be practical.A．them seem B．which seems C．which seeming D．that seem15．Today the number of people learning Kerean in China _________ increasing rapidly.A．were B．was C．are D．is16．My parents always remind us that by no means ________ no respect for our teachers.A．we show B．did we showC．should we show D．we should show17．—Bob has gone to Shanghai.—Oh, can you tell me when he_________?A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leaving 18．—Have you played the piano for a long time?—Yes, since I _________ the Aiqin Club.A．joined B．joins C．had joined D．has joined 19．—What’s the weather forecast for tomorrow?—Sorry, I was on the phone and ______ most of it.A．had missed B．missed C．would miss D．was missing 20．Increased light pollution globally means that the starry nights that once inspired artist such as Vincent van Gogh ________ much more difficult to observe over the past century.A．become B．have become C．became D．are becoming21．The number of people who own a car ______ in the past 10 years.A．increases B．has increased C．increased D．have increased22．Up to now large quantities of money ______________ to help those suffering from the floods.A．have collected B．has been collected C．have been collected D．will have collected 23．Not until I began to work did I realize how much time ______.A．had wasted B．had been wastedC．have wasted D．have been wasted24．Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development A．are taken B．have been taken C．were taken D．will be taken25．Delete the short message at once! Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.A．are taken in B．is taken inC．have been taken in D．has been taken in26．In that accident his sight ______, but many people have given him a lot of help.A．had lost B．had missed C．was lost D．was missing27．She says that each of us has a role in making the earth a better place to live in.A．to have played B．to playC．to be played D．to be playing28．The teacher suggested that much attention should the spelling mistakes.A．pay for B．pay toC．be paid for D．be paid to29．—What do you think of his teaching method?—It should be popular; it _____ practical.A．proves B．is proved C．has been proved D．was proved30．They blamed the failure on George. Actually, he ________.A．is not to blame B．is to blame C．is not to be blamed D．should not blame三语篇填空Passage 1（2024届河北省廊坊市重点高中联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2023年高考英语考前必练谓语动词的时态语态（含近三年真题及解析）一、动词的时态特殊用法1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
如：We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。
I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。
2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。
这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。
如：The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。
The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。
3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。
如：The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。
4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。
如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。
常见的变化有：特殊用法1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。
如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
动词的时态与语态动词的分类：实义动词（及物动词、不及物动词）、连系动词、情态动词、助动词。
动词的时态、语态的重难点及高考考点：有八种时态在高考中经常考到1、一般现在时；2、一般过去时；3、一般将来时；4、现在进行时；5、过去进行时；6、现在完成时；7、过去完成时；8、过去将来时。
而其中最易混淆的三组时态是1、一般过去时和现在完成时；2、一般过去时和过去完成时；3、现在完成时和过去完成时动词语态：动词语态包括主动语态和被动语态，而被动语态是学习和备考的难点。
动词的时态：英语中的谓语动词要根据使用的时间不同而发生变化。
一般一个动词具有四种变化形式：一般现在时的单数三人称形式（用于一般现在时且主语是单数三人称时），动词的过去式（用于一般过去时），动词的现在分词（用于进行时），动词的过去分词（用于完成式和被动语态），各种词形变化都有相应规则，需熟记。
一般现在时：一、概念：经常发生的动作或习惯性的行为。
二、常连用的时间副词：always,every time, now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes, usually, frequently, once in a while.三、句型结构：（以动词work为例）主动结构：S+work/works+O; S+can/must+work+O; S+am/is/are+P.被动结构：S+am/is/are+worked(+by+O).四、常考的考点：(一)、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替将来时态。
Eg:1.The water (pollute )unless some measures (take).2.Even if she (not come )this weekend, I (go) fishing by myself.3.He (visit) his aunt the day he (come) to Beijing.（二）、表示现在时刻存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
（一）动词的时态时态动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
下面分别介绍。
1、一般现在时的用法（do/does）1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。
句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes, every week/year, twice aweek 等时间状语。
例如：a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy.c.The earth moves around the sun.2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定, 按时间表要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。
例如：a.the meeting begins at seven.b.the rain starts at nine in the morning.4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。
a.i like english very much.b.the story sound very interesting.5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
2.一般过去时的用法(did)1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。
专题八非谓语动词重难点分析动词分两种：一、谓语动词；二、非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是高考的重点，几乎是每年的必考点。
追踪这几年高考英语可以发现，主要考查了非谓语动词的一般用法和含义，但是题目的设计注重了情景化，结构较为复杂，考生应予以重视，并下大力气掌握非谓语动词的用法。
一、非谓语动词的分类、构成与功能一览表非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定时to do,to be doing,to have done,to have beendoingto be done,to have beendone在to、动名词、分词前+not/neverfor sb. to dosth.具有名词、副词和形容词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补(在let, make, see, feel, notice等动词后作宾补时不带to)分词现在分词doing,having donebeing done,having beendone具有副词、形容词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、状语、宾补(常用在see, find, feel,keep, get, have等动词之后) 过去分词done动名词doing,having donebeing done,having beendonesb.’s doing具有名词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语二、作宾语的非谓语动词比较情况常用动词只接不定式作宾语的动词或短语hope, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happenwould like, take steps/measures/actions, make up one’s mind, try one’s best, make efforts to只接动名词作宾mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, avoid, risk, resist, consider语的动词或短语feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth,be busy, pay attention to, stick to, adapt to两者都可以意义基本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue (接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)need, want, allow, require (接动名词主动形式是表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式)意义相反stop to do 停止做手中的事，去做另外一件事stop doing 停止正在做的事意义不同remember/forget/regret to do (指动作尚未发生)；remember/forget/regret doing (指动作已经发生)go on to do (接着做另外一件事)go on doing (接着做同一件事)try to do (设法；努力去做)try doing (试着做)mean to do (打算做；企图做)mean doing (意思是；意味着)can’t help (to) do (不能帮忙做) can’t help doing 忍不住/禁不住要做三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别类别常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want,wish, encourage (接带to的不定式) 主谓关系；强调动作将发生或已经完成I expect them to win thegame.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let,make, observe, listen to (接不带to的不定式)I heard him call meseveral times.现在分词notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have,feel, observe, catch (即：感官动词和使役动词)主谓关系；强调动作正在进行，尚未完成I found her listening tothe radio.过去分词动宾关系；动作已经完成，多强调状态We found the villagegreatly changed.四、现在分词和过去分词的用法对比分类项目现在分词过去分词例句意义表示主动意义表示被动意义I can hear him singing.I can hear the song sung in English.动作所表示的动作一般在进行中所表示的动作已完成China is a developing country while America is adeveloped one.语义意思为“令人……”意思为“感到……”It is an exciting match, so we are excited.五、特别提示1. 关于不定式(1) 不定式作介词宾语时，如前面有实义动词do(各种形式)，则不定式不带to；否则不能省略to。
4× 4=16一般时进行时完成时完成进行时例如 studystudy am studyinghave studied have been studying现在is studyingstudies has studied has been studyingare studying过去studied was studyinghad studied had been studying were studying将来shall study shall be studying shall have studied shall have been studyingwill study will be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来should study should be studying should have studied should have been studyingwould study would be studying would have studied would have been studying八种高中英语需要掌握的时态★一般现在时1、表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态。
---How often does she visit her parents?---Twice a month.2、永恒的真理和客观事实。
Summer follows spring.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
3、表示主语的特征、能力和状态This cloth feels soft.这布摸上去很软。
I love classical music.我喜欢古典音乐。
The President still seems able to find time to go fishing.4、①在条件、让步或时间状语从句中，经常使用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
高中学生必须掌握的英语中的八大时态的基本时态构成：一般现在时态：主语+动词的一般现在式（注意三单）+其他成分例子：We study English everyday. He/She/Li Ping studies English hard.一般过去时态：主语+动词的一般过去式+其他成分例子：We/He studied English last year.一般将来时态：主语+ will/ shall/am/is/are going to/ +动词原形+其他成分(about)to例子：We/He will study English next year.过去将来时态：主语+would +动词原形+其他成分例子：He told us that we would study English in 3 days.现在进行时态：主语+ am/is/are +动词的现在分词（v-ing形式）+其他成分例子：We are studying English now. he is studying English now. 过去进行时态：主语+was/were+ v-ing形式+其他成分例子：We were studying English this time yesterday.He was studying English this time yesterday.现在完成时态：主语+ have/has done（动词的过去分词）+ 其他成分例子：We have studied English for 5 years.He has studied English for 5 years.过去完成时态：主语+ had done + 其他成分例子：He/We had studied English for 3 years before he/we enteredBo Luo Middle School.用动词的适当形式填空：1.He sometimes ___________(stay up) late into the night.2.In my opinion，eating too much junk food everyday _______(do) harm to ourhealth.3.I ____________(lend) him my bike if he_________(take) good care of it.4.It _____(be) the custom to decorate the room before Christmas.5.We were playing cards when Mr. Black ________________(come in)。
专题八时态和语态（+阅读理解+短文改错+书面表达）A级基础过关I .单句填空1. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ( 2018 山东青岛二模)Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings,which Yang has fallen in love with, ________(appear) in the Ming Dyn asty.答案appeared2. ____________________________________________________________ (2018 河北唐山三模)A live-action remake of the 1998 film _____________________________________ (expect) to hit theaters in 2019. 答案is expected3. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ( 2018 浙江温州适应性测试)Indoor plants add color and warmth to the home.Many houseplants __________ (be) easy to grow,but they must be give n appropriate care.4. (2018 河南新乡二模)Like music,danee and painting,eating is also an art in China and Chinese cuisine (list) as one of the top in the field of world cuis ines.答案is listed5. ______________________________________ (2018 贵州贵阳二模)Hans' idea (praise) and many reporters wrote aboutit.Therefore, Hans' products quickly became famous答案was praised答案succeeded答案 havL had26. __________________________________________ N on aka grew up in a large family and (succeed)his pare nts running the inn.7. (2018 辽宁沈阳二模)The lion ___________ (regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power.答案 is regarded8. (2018 四川高三联合诊断)Early the next day,however,he ____________ (awaken) by the sound of a ship approach ing. 答案 was awakened9. Jane Foster was out shopping when some wedding photos in the window of an antique shop _________ (catch) her eyes. 答案caught10. ___________________________ Though the in terview (go) well,it was impressed on him aga in that compared with the other can didates he did n ' t have the ability to get the jobn .单句改错1. (2018 山东威海二模)Ancient China was a backward agricultural country that badly rely on abundant rain fall.答案 rely relied2. (2018 山西大同、阳泉 5 月联考)They are seldom delaying and can guarantee the safety of travelers.答案 delaying delayed3.1 forgot to tell you I have bee n there with my brother before.4. He said he will come to our party, but he hasn ' t turne d up答案havL had3答案will T would5. From the childhood,we knew that the earth moved around the sun.答案moved T moves6. He had worked in a factory for three years,but now he is a teacher.答案去掉had7. Whe n in high school,the library was ope ned every weeke nd,a nd all of us could read whatever we liked there.答案去掉was8. D on' t makeioises—the n ews is broadcasted.答案is后面加being9.1 have offered a scholarship at a uni versity in Australia for my further educati on.答案have后面加beenlO.There was a time whe n I caught i n the sad ness of not pass ing an importa nt exam.B级能力提升in.阅读理解A答案caught前面加was（2018湖北八校第二次联考）Every one should be so lucky as to have a frie nd like Francia Raisa.O n Thursday’s in ger and actress Sele na Gomez,25,used In stagram to explain why she was “ayi ng low ” this summer.She posted a photo of herself in a hospital bed with her friend Francia Raisa hold ing han ds.She said she recen tly received a kidney transplant from her best friend because of complications（并发症）from lupus（狼疮）,an autoimmune disease,which means it is the result of the immune system attacking normal tissue,including the kid neys,bra in ,heart and lun gs.People with lupus may first experience tiredness,joint pain or a little bit of rash（皮疹）on their bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious.Ma ny people see two or four doctors before the real problem is picked up.According to Dr.Kyriakos Kirou,roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease,and up to one in five of them will eventually need a transplant,sometimes because they weren ' t treaffewt i thB drugs to prevent the immune system from attack ing the kid neys.Though Gomez said that she was v ery well now, ” she warned about the dan gers of not tak ing medical diag no ses seriously,like she in itially did.Her In stagram post also called atte ntio n to two major health topics:the n eed for living orga n don ators and the fact that Gomez represe nts three groups more likely to be diag no sed with lupus and lupus-related kid ney disease. Nine out of 10 people diag no sed with lupus are wome n,and most develop the disease betwee n the ages of 15 to 44.A nd lupus is two to three times more com mon among wome n of color,i ncludi ng Hispa nic wome n,accord ing to the Lupus Foun dati on.Raisa is Latina,and Gomez ' s father is of Mexican origirWhile it ' s not essential that the organator and receiver be of the same eth ni city（币中族）,people who share a similar backgro und sometimes are better matched,accord ing to data from the Un ited Network for Orga n Shari ng.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。
动词的时态和语态一、知识框架二、知识梳理动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”有时可以不带to，否定式：not + (to) do。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，可以担任主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。
一）不定式的句法功能（1）作主语：不定式作主语时，一般表具体的、个别的、一次性的或具有将来意义的动作。
To forgive is the best virtue of life.人生最好的美德是宽恕。
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。
若主语较长，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：It+be+名词+to doIt takes sb+some time+to doIt+be+形容词+of/for sb +to doHow + adj. + it is + to do sth.!①如果句中的形容词表示人物特征或品质，常同of搭配构成“It is + 形容词＋of＋代词（名词）＋不定式”句型。
如：bold, brave, careful, careless, considerate, cruel, rude, generous, right, wrong, kind, nice, good, polite, clever, wise, foolish, silly等。
②表示事物性质的形容词如easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, necessary常同for 搭配。
动词的时态和语态1：考点梳理1.常见的十种动词时态，尤其是对一般过去时和现在完成时的考查；2. 被动语态。
考点1基本用法1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。
2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
People speak English all over the world. (主动语态)English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态)1. 一般现在时(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
Tom often goes to school by bike.(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。
Spring follows winter.(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。
The flowers look beautiful.(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。
The party begins at 7 o’clock.(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there.If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world.Wherever you go, you will see the same thing.2. 现在进行时(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
语法复习专题八动词的时态、语态I、时态重点难点解析高考中通常是把时态和语境结合起来考查。
题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。
英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种。
一、动词的基本形式一览表1. 一般过去时和现在完成时1）一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不关现在。
I wrotea letter this morning. (只说明写了一封信的事实)2）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。
不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。
I have written a letter this morning. (我已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上。
)2. 一般过去时和过去进行时1）一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。
It rained heavily last night.昨晚雨下得很大。
(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)2）过去进行时侧重于强调某动作的持续过程或表示动作在进行。
It was raining cats and dogs last night昨晚整整一夜都在下倾盆大雨。
(强调没停，一直持续)3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时1) 现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。
I have read that book. (已读完)2）现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。
I have been reading that book all the morning.( 还没读完)注：It is/was +时间段since从句（从句的谓语动词如果是持续性动词：表示自从某人不做某事已多久了：It is/was +时间段since从句（从句的谓语动词如果是短暂性动词：表示自从某人做某事以来已多久了：Eg: It is ten years since he came here. 他来这儿已10年了。
It is ten years since he lived/taught here.他不在这里居住/任教已有10年了。
II.动词的语态：动词的语态有两种：主动语态(the active voice)和被动语态(the passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态示主语是动作的承受者。
如：People speak English all over the world. (the active voice)English is spoken all over the world. (the passive voice)二被动语态和系表结构的区别：1. 被动语态表示动作，而系表结构表状态；The cup was broken by a boy. (被动语态)The cup is broken. (系表结构)2. 前者可有多种时态，而后者只有一般现在时和过去时；My bike is being/will be/was repaired.He is/was interested in his work.3. 被动语态可跟by短语，表动作的执行者；The dress was made by my mother.注：系动词一般没有被动语态实战演练用所给动词或根据中文提示填入动词的正确形式1.1)---Remember the first time we ____________________ (meet)?---Of course. You _____________________ (study) in Beijing University then.2) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she_________________________ (study) English for a year.2. 1) The government __________________ (build) two factories in this region since the end oflast year.2) The government ____________________(build) two factories in this region by the end ofthis year.3. 1) It ___________ (be) ten years since we left school.2) It ____________ (be) two years before we leave school.4. They _______________________ (work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ____________________ (still work) on it as no good results have come out so far.5. The pen I ____________ (think) I _____________ (lose) is on my desk, right under my nose.6. If their marketing plans succeed, they _______________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent.7. She said that it ___________ (be) the second time she _______________ (see) the film.8. I don’t real ly work here. I _________________ (just help) out until the new secretary arrives.9. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 2039 _____________ (take) off at 18:40..10. ---How are you today?---Oh, _________________ (not feel) as ill as I do now for a very long time.11.1) My good friend _______________ (come ) from Guangdong.(是广东人)2) My good friend _______________ (come ) from Guangdong last week.(从广东来)12. 1) Where _____________ (be) you? (你在哪儿)2) Where ____________ you ____________? (be) (你去了哪)3) Where _____________ he ____________ (go)? (他去哪了)13. 1) Mr. John ______________ (teach) English in China for two years. (不在中国了)2) Mr. John ______________ (teach) English in China for two years. (也许仍在中国)14. 1) I _____________________ (read) that book. (读过那本书了)2) I _____________________ (read) that book all the morning.（一直在读那本书）15. 1) When I got there, he __________________ the work (做完那工作了)2) When I got there, he __________________ the work carefully (在认真地做工作)3) When I got there, he __________________ the work (才要做工作)16. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course. Being too anxious to helpan event develop often ___________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.17. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ________ (place) underthe Minister’s car.18. The house belongs to my aunt but she ________ (not live ) here any more.19. The machine ________ (not work ) . it hasn’t worked for years.20. He _______ (play) football regularly for many years when he was young.21. Teenagers _______ (damage) their health because they play computer games too much.22. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ________ (stay) in many worse hotels.23. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ (know) each other foryears.24. I like these English songs and they _______ (teach) many times on the radio.25. The telephone _______ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.26. This time tomorrow, I _______ (lie) on the beach.27.I am sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. He ________(prepare) for it for months.28. I haven’t moved into the new house. It _______ (paint) .29.As the years passed, many occasions---birthdays, awards, graduations _______________ (mark)with Dad’s flowers.30.Customers are asked to make sure that they __________________(give) the right change beforeleaving the shop.31.Great changes _________________ (take place) in the city, and a lot of factories ________________ (set up).32.The police found that the house ____________________ (break into) and a lot of things ____________ (steal).33.The discussion _______________ (come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in.34.The headteacher says that all the preparations for the party __________________________ (complete) by Friday.35.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ________________ (expect) to arrive.36.The careless driver is ______________ (blame) for the traffic accident that ____________ (happen) yesterday.37.F lowers usually _______________ (sell) well on Valentine’s Day, so their flowers ______________ (sell) in no time that day.38.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _______________ (tell) the cloth _______________ (wash) well.39.Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) ___________________ (say) to have bought birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.40.---Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?---Yes, I have. I guess it ______________________ (grade) now.41.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ________________________ (discover) in science and technology.42.The work needs _________________ (complete) by 6 p.m.43.The number of deaths from heart disease __________________ (reduce) greatly if people are persuaded to eat more vegetables.44.Do you have any problems if you ______ (offer) this job?45. I _____ (run) downstairs when I slipped and _____ (fall).46. Let’s keep to the point or we ________ (never, reach) any decisions.47. There _______ (be) great changes in China in the past twenty years.48. The new pen _______ (write) smoothly. Why not get one?49. I ______ (tell) that the final exam will be put off next week.50. I was told that the coat _______ (cost) about 2,000 dollars.51. The new suspension bridge (design) by the end of last month.52. Rainforests (cut) and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth inthe near future.53. I (play) ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.54.John and I (be) friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmasparty. But we （see）each other a couple of times before that.55.The pupils here (keep) all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks. Passage1When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once watched his mother turning the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.“Wouldn’t it work quickly if a machine 1 (turn) the wheel for you?” he asked.“I suppose it would,” said his mother, without pay ing him any attention.Christopher 2 (know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted to help. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father 3 (buy) him as a gift. “I 4 (make) better use of it,” little Christopher said to himse lf. So, when his mother 5 (not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job 6 (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother 7 (like) it.“Very clever,” his mother said, when she saw it. Then she sat down and w ent on turning the wheel by hand. “I 8 (work) like this for too many years,” she explained.This taught Christopher the lesson that anyone who 9 (try) to improve anything 10 (have) to learn: Many people don’t like new ideas.Passage 2.Welcome to our school. I’d like to introduce to you plans for our school. A lot of work 1 (do) in the past few years. The library 2 (complete) and is ready for use. But we still have to do more work. A new biology lab 3 (build) this year. But we don’t have enough money for the equipment. Students in all grades 4 (collect) money. A party 5 (plan) for the end of this term. The money which is collected 6 (spend) on new equipment. At present, plans 7 (make) for a play at the end of the summer term.The gardens of the school 8 (improve) this year. New trees 9 (plant) which will soon give shade in summer. The whole school 10 (paint) during the summer holidays. In fact, the school will be more beautiful, in which we can work and study happily.Passage 3.1 (look) at the picture, please! We can see that the doctors and nurses2 (operate) on the eyes of the patient. As we know, when people are ill, they3 (go) to the doctor. Sometimes, the doctor4 (give) them medicines, and these often5 (help). However, when medicines can not solve the problem, the doctor must6 (find) another answer. An operation may be necessary. Doctors7 (not perform) operations; surgeons do.For years, surgeons 8 (perform) many different kinds of operations, and have saved the lives of millions of patients. In recent years, operations have become much safer than they 9 (be) in the past. This is partly because doctors and surgeons 10 （learn）more about hygiene, and because conditions in hospital have become better.Passage4America has been called a democracy since its independence more than 200 years ago.However, at that time, only men 1 (permit) to vote. Only men could own land and practice most professions. Women could not get a higher education or hold public office. The woman’s place 2 (consider) to be the home. Working women were not common. They usually had poor jobs and little respect. Through the history of our country , many American women 3 (work) to reduce the restrictions that society placed on them. They have met opposition. Slowly, however, the opportunities were established for women. Later women 4 (admit) to schools originally 5 (establish) only for men. In the early part of this century, American women 6 (finally allow) to vote. During and since World War II , American women 7 (become) a considerable part of the American work force.Today, many women in America 8 (hold) important positions or are pursuing careers that they could not pursue in the past. But many women 9 (dissatisfy) with the current situation. They point out that women 10 (often pay) less than men for the same work they do. The top positions in nearly all fields are still held by men. In many ways, a women’s life 11 (still control) by her father or her husband. Recently women worked to get an amendment （改良) to the U.S. Constitution guaranteeing their rights. The equal rights amendment, as it was called, 12 (support) by most congressmen and most states. It 13 (not get) the support of two-thirds of the states which is necessary for a constitutional amendment. Nevertheless, the role and the rights of American women is an important concern in the U.S. today.Passage 5Several years ago, a well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even move around. His doctor told him that he 1 (lose) the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He 2 (tell)he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.Despite the diagnosis (诊断), Cousins was determined to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and 3 (read) a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative attitudes. The book made Cousins 4 （think）about the possible benefit of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “ 5. (be) it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to 1ive have positive treatment value?”He 6 (decide) to concentrate on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that 7 (bring) about positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He 8 (arrange) time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain9 (begin)to decrease and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few month s’ time and actually 10 （reach）complete recovery after a few years.答案实战演练1. met, were studying; has been studying2. has built; will have built3. is; will be4.Had been working; are still working5. thought, had lost6. will increase7.was, had seen 8. am just helping 9. takes 10. haven’t feltes; came 12. are; have been; has gone 13. taught; has taught 14. have read; have been reading 15. had done; was doing; was about to do 16. results17. had been placed 18. doesn’t live 19. doesn’t work 20.played 21. are damaging 22.had stayed23. had known 24.have been taught 25. was ringing 26. will be lying 27. have been preparing 28. is being painted 29. were marked 30. have been given 31. have taken place; have been set up32. had been broken into, stolen 33. came 34. will have been completed35. is expected 36. to blame, happened 37. sell, was sold38. have been told, washes 39.is said 40. is being graded41. has been discovered 42. completing/to be completed 43. will be reduced 44.are offered 45.was running ,fell 46. will never reach47. have been 48. writes 49. have been told50. cost 51. had been designed 52. are being cut53. played 54.have been, had seen55.have been keptPassage 1.1. turned2. knew3. had bought4. will/shall make5. was not using6. was finished7. would like8. have been working9. tries 10. has Passage 21. has been done2. has been completed3. is being built4. are collecting5. is being planned6. will be spent7. are being made 8. are being improved 9. are being planted10. will be paintedPassage 3.1. Look2. are operating3. go4. gives5. help6. find7. do not perform8. have performed9. were 10. have learned Passage41.were permitted2. was considered3. worked4. were admitted5. established6. were finally allowed7. became and have became 8. hold 9.are dissatisfied10. are often paid 11. is still controlled 12.is supported 13.hasn’t got Passage 51.would lose2.was told3. had read4.think5.Is6.decided7.would bring8.arranged9.began 10. reached。
