1990年考研翻译真题解析

Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [A] 22. [B] 23. [C] 24. [D] 25. [C]26. [B] 27. [D] 28. [C] 29. [A] 30. [D]31. [A] 32. [D] 33. [B] 34. [D] 35. [C]36. [D] 37. [B] 38. [A] 39. [C] 40. [A]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [B] 42. [A] 43. [C] 44. [D] 45. [B]46. [A] 47. [B] 48. [B] 49. [A] 50. [D]51. [C] 52. [D] 53. [C] 54. [B] 55. [A]56. [C] 57. [A] 58. [B] 59. [D] 60. [C]Part B (10 points)61. 而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。

62. 社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。

63. 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。

64. 泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其它能力和习惯”。

65. 因此，人类学中“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。

Section IV: Writing (20 points)66. 参考范文As is shown in the two pictures, the same flower has different fate when put in different situations. When there is protection, the flower blooms beautifully. However, when exposed directly to rain and storm, the flower quickly withers. We can safely come to the conclusion that greenhouse flowers cannot withstand rain and storm.The same is true with our children. As the one-child policy is adopted in China, more and more parents overprotect their children. With everything done for them and every need satisfied by their parents or grandparents, these only children seem to be healthy, happy and high-spirited. But when they leave home, they become disappointed and frustrated. Facing harsh things they have never experienced before, such as competition from peers, criticism from supervisors, pressure for deadlines and restriction for discipline, they will be at a loss, miserable or even desperate. In fact, the more protection they get from their parents, the less ability they acquire. Parents’ love for their children turns out to be a disaster.Children, like flowers, should be treated with care, but reasonable and sensible ways of doing things will help to bring about more fruitful results, if we not only love our children but also teach them how to love, our love will be passed down from generation to generation; if we not only solve problems for our children but also encourage them to solve problems, our diligence and ingenuity will make our life more meaningful and worthwhile.Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [A] 22. [D] 23. [C] 24. [B] 25. [B]26. [A] 27. [D] 28. [D] 29. [C] 30. [B]31. [D] 32. [A] 33. [A] 34. [C] 35. [B]36. [D] 37. [A] 38. [C] 39. [B] 40. [C]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [C] 42. [B] 43. [D] 44. [D] 45. [A]46. [C] 47. [C] 48. [D] 49. [B] 50. [C]51. [B] 52. [D] 53. [D] 54. [A] 55. [A]56. [B] 57. [C] 58. [B] 59. [A] 60. [D]Part B (10 points)61. 难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题阅读Section II R eading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)Text 1①In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. ②A new phase in space exploration has begun.①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size. ②Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds.③It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. ④In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earth’s twin.”①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. ②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). ③Water is all but nonexistent.①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. ②For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. ③It has no earth’s oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. ④In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.一、词汇1．shuttle n. 返汽车(列车，飞机)；航天飞机，航天器2．release v. 放出，释放 3.probe n. 探测4.phase n. 阶段5.density n. 密度6.approximately ad. 大概，大约7.stuff n. 材料，东西8.passes for被当成9.sulfuric a. 硫的10. acid n. 酸性物质，酸11. axis n. 轴(线)12.leisurely ad. 慢慢地，悠然地二、长难句1. In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus.该句主干为space shuttle “Atlantis” released … the space probe “Megallan”，which引导的定语从句做后置定语，修饰先行词the space probe “Megallan”。

1986—1990年考研英语真题及解析1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labeled ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and［D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)①On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. ②For an hour or 1 she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and 2 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. ③And then, with all the things she needed 3 she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour 4 she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows.④One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 5 without feeling they had to buy something. ⑤Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped 6 before a green armchair. ⑥There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours 7 less than a pound a week,”and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.”⑦A pound a week... 8 , she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! ⑧A voice at her shoulder made her 9 . “Can I help you, Madam?” ⑨She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10 .⑩“Oh, well, no,”she said. “I was just looking.”○11“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.”○12Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. [276 words]1. ［A］so ［B］more ［C］else ［D］another2. ［A］taking ［B］making ［C］fixing ［D］keeping3. ［A］buy ［B］bought ［C］buying ［D］to have bought4. ［A］in a way ［B］by the way ［C］in the way ［D］on the way5. ［A］behind ［B］round ［C］back ［D］on6. ［A］doubted ［B］wondered ［C］puzzled ［D］delighted7. ［A］at ［B］for ［C］with ［D］in8. ［A］Why ［B］When ［C］How ［D］What9. ［A］jump ［B］leap ［C］laugh ［D］wonder10.［A］place ［B］back ［C］side ［D］front一、文章结构分析本文记叙了一位女士一次购物的经历。

北京新东方国内部唐静《考研英语拆分与组合翻译法》第四章第一节1990年翻译题解说明：欢迎转载，最好注明出处。

这是早期写这本《拆分与组合翻译法》的稿子，所以，或许其中有些小错，敬请谅解，并指出，我会在新浪上专门放一篇文章，大家可以对我这本书中的错误进行讨论。

我想用点时间，争取明年新版的时候把这本书中的内容稍微改一改。

如何使用这个材料，我也在新浪博客上会有说明。

我的博客：/tangjing谢谢你们，祝福各位考研人。

唐静2011年2月16日。

61) They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain○1○2○3behaviors. (13 words)拆分：○1整个句子是个复合句，句子的主干是they want to explain，○2由why引起的宾语从句，○3and连接两个并列的谓语。

炼词：1）explain有“解释，说明”的意思。

2）possess有“拥有，具有”等意思。

3）characteristic有“特征”的意思。

在本句话中，根据词义选择的翻译技巧，由于这个词是一个复数词，结合前面的certain，所以我们可以翻译成“某些性格特征”。

4）exhibit有“展出，展览；显示，显出”的意思，根据词义选择的翻译技巧，这个动词所带的下文宾语是behavior（行为），结合汉语习惯，我们可以把exhibit翻译成“表现出（某种行为）”。

组合：○1主干they want to explain翻译成“他们想要说明”。

○2why引起的宾语从句why we possess certain characteristics，可以直接翻译成“为什么我们具有某些性格特征”。

○3宾语从句中的第二个谓语exhibit certain behaviors，可以直接翻译成“表现出某种行为”。

完整译文：他们想要说明，为什么我们具有某些性格特征并表现出某些行为。

1990年考研翻译真题解析46. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.结构分析在这个复合句中，代词those做主语，其后who引导的是个定语从句，修饰前面的those，其谓语是believe，后面that引导的是个宾语从句，从句里用了一个被动语态are largely determined by 。

核心词汇nature天性；personalities个性；behavior patterns行为模式；largely主要地，大多是；参考译文在这场争论中，那些赞成“天性”一方的人认为，我们的性格特征和行为模式大多是由生物因素所决定的。

测试点：定语从句，宾语从句；被动句举一反三：nurture theory后天论；sleep patterns睡眠习惯；shortly不久；nearly差不多，几乎；hardly 几乎不47. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.结构分析that引导的是个主语从句，主句的谓语部分是is central to，在主语从句里，if anything是个插入结构，对句子结构的理解影响不大。

核心词汇if anything 如果有的话，have …to do w ith 和… 有… 关系；is central to 是…的核心参考译文我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为，即使有什么关系的话，那也是微不足道的，这就是这种理论的核心。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Close Test二、试题具体分析1. [A] in [B] of [C] about [D] for本题考核的知识点是：上下文语义+介词辨析[快速解题]空格处填入的介词与books…the future搭配，意为“…未来的书”。

选项中的介词都可与the future构成介宾搭配，但符合上下文语义的只有about。

它带入文中，意为“关于未来，（人们）写过很多书”。

其他项的搭配in the future“今后”，of the future“未来的”，for the future“为了将来”代入文中均无法说通，应排除。

[篇章分析]①②句引出全文要论述的话题：书中关于2001年的世界的描述。

①句的主干结构为No one knows，what引导宾语从句。

[空格设置]本题考查介词about表示“关于，对于”的用法，例句：I’ve read about the incident.关于这一事件的情况我读到过。

[干扰项设置]其他项均为常用介词，含义和用法都非常丰富，考生需要正确理解上下文语义才能排除干扰。

2. [A] sense感觉；理解；意义[B]meaning 意义；价值[C]detail细节；详情[D]implication 影响；含意；牵连本题考核的知识点是：固定搭配+名词辨析[快速解题] in the … sense of是固定短语，意为“从…的意义上讲”，文中空格所在部分意为“从‘未来学家’这个词语最为完整的意义上讲”，符合文意。

其他项代入后均不符合逻辑，所以排除。

[篇章分析] ③句与①②句是转折关系，①②句指出没有人能够准确预测未来是什么样子，③句提出特例——法国小说家儒勒·凡尔纳在其作品中准确描述了未来的世界。

[空格设置] ③句是一个简单句，固定搭配in …sense of the word是该句的唯一难点。

例句如：He was a true friend, in every sense of the word.无论从哪个角度讲，他都是个真正的朋友。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled［A］,［B］,［C］,and［D］. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Read the whole passage before making your choice.(10points)①No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year2001.②Many books have been written 1the future.③But the19th-century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest2 of the word.④In his fantastic novels“A Trip to the Moon”and“80Days Around the World,”he described with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter.⑤These novels still have a great attraction3young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.⑥Below is a description of what our life will be in the year2001as predicted by a4writer.⑦In2001,in the home,cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touch of a switch.⑧Television will provide information on prices at the5shops as well as news and entertainment.⑨Videophones will bring pictures as well as6to telephone conversations.⑩Machines will control temperature,lighting,entertainment,security alarms,laundry and gardening.○11Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.○12At work,robots will take7most jobs in the manufacturing industries.○13Working hours will fall to under30hours a week.○14Holidays will get longer;six weeks will be the normal annual holiday.○15Men and women will retire at the same age.○16Our leisure will be different too.○17The home will become the center of entertainment through television and electronic games.○18More people will eat out in restaurants8they do today;also they will have a much wider variety of food available.○19There will be a change of taste towards a more savoury-flavored menu.○20New synthetic foods will form a9part of people’s diets.○21Foreign travel will10;winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones.○22Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and much cheaper.○23Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.（321words）1.［A］in［B］of［C］about［D］for2.［A］sense［B］meaning［C］detail［D］implication3.［A］for［B］of［C］on［D］towards4.［A］today［B］nowadays［C］present-day［D］present5.［A］near［B］nearby［C］nearly［D］nearer6.［A］noise［B］sound［C］tone［D］tune7.［A］to［B］away［C］off［D］over8.［A］than［B］as［C］when［D］while9.［A］usual［B］popular［C］daily［D］regular10.［A］add［B］increase［C］raise［D］ariseSection II Reading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions.For each question there are four answers.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Put your choice in the brackets on the left.(10points)Text1①In May1989,space shuttle“Atlantis”released in outer space the space probe“Megallan,”which is now on her15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus.②A new phase in space exploration has begun.①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth;it is the only other object in the solar system,in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size.②Venus has a similar density,so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff,and it has an atmosphere,complete with clouds.③It is also the closest planet to earth,and thus the most similar in distance from the sun.④In short,Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of“earth’s twin.”①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some900F.②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about90 times Earth’s:High overhead in the carbon dioxide(CO2)that passes for air is a layer of clouds,perhaps10to20 miles thick,whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid(H2SO4).③Water is all but nonexistent.①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth,how did Venus get to be so radically different:It is not just an academic matter.②For all its extremes,Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth.③It has no earth’s oceans,so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified.④In addition,the planet Venus takes243earth-days to turn once on its axis,so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely,observable pace.11.Venus is similar to Earth in________.[A]size and density[B]distance from the sun[C]having atmosphere[D]all of the above12.The greatest value in studying Venusshould be to________.[A]allow us to visit there[B]understand Earth better[C]find a new source of energy[D]promote a new space program13.The main idea of this passage is about________.[A]problems of space travel[B]scientific methods in space exploration[C]the importance of Venus to Earth[D]conditions on VenusText2①Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome’s main avenues.②Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about200,000women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snakethrough central Rome.①Shouting slogans,waving flags and dancing to drumbeats,the women had come to the capital from all over Italy to demonstrate for“a job for each of us,a different type of job,and a society without violence.”②So far, action to improve women’s opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining.③“But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,”says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.①Women,who constitute52per cent of Italy’s population,today represent only35per cent of Italy’s total workforce and33per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs.②However,their presence in the workplace is growing.③The employment of women is expanding considerably in services,next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace.④Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment.⑤More and more women are going into business for themselves.⑥Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment.⑦It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared,so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.①Such changes are occurring in the professions too.②The number of women doctors,dentists,lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold.③Some of the changes are immediately visible.④For example,women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police,railway workers and street cleaners.①However,the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made.②A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.14.The expression“snake through centralRome”probably means“to move________.[A]quietly through central Rome.”[B]violently through central Rome.”[C]in a long winding line through centralRome.”[D]at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”15.Which of the following statements is NOTtrue?[A]There are more women than men in Italy.[B]In Italy,women are chiefly employed inservices.[C]In Italy,women are still at a disadvantagein employment.[D]In Italy,about two-thirds of the jobs areheld by men.16.About200,000women in Romedemonstrated for________.[A]more job opportunities[B]a greater variety of jobs[C]“equal job,equal pay”[D]both A and B17.The best title for this passage would be________.[A]The Role of Women in Society[B]Women Demonstrate for Equality inEmployment[C]Women as Self-employed Professionals[D]Women and the Jobs MarketText3①The old idea that talented children“burn themselves out”in the early years,and,therefore,are subjected to failure and at worst,mental illness is unfounded.②As a matter of fact,the outstanding thing that happens to bright kids is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.To find this out,l,500gifted persons were followed up to their thirty-fifth year with these results:①On adult intelligence tests,they scored as high as they had as children.②They were,as a group,in good health,physically and mentally.③84per cent of their group were married and seemed content with their lives.①About70per cent had graduated from college,though only30per cent had graduated with honors.②A few had even dropped out,but nearly half of these had returned to graduate.③Of the men,80per cent were in one of the professions or in business management or semiprofessional jobs.④The women who had remained single had office,business,or professional occupations.The group had published90books and1,500articles in scientific,scholarly,and literary magazines and had collected more than100patents.①In a material way they did not do badly either.②Average income was considerably higher among the gifted people,especially the men,than for the country as a whole,despite their comparative youth.In fact,far from being strange,most of the gifted were turning their early promise into practical reality.18.The old idea that talented children“burnthemselves out”in the early years is________.[A]true in all senses[B]refuted by the author[C]medically proven[D]a belief of the author19.The survey of bright children was made to________.[A]find out what had happened to talentedchildren when they became adults[B]prove that talented children“burnthemselves out”in the early years[C]discover the percentage of those mentallyill among the gifted[D]prove that talented children never burnthemselves out20.Intelligence tests showed that________.[A]bright children were unlikely to be mentallyhealthy[B]between childhood and adulthood there wasa considerable loss of intelligence[C]talented children were most likely tobecome gifted adults[D]when talented children grew into adults,they made low scoresSection III English-Chinese TranslationRead the following passage carefully and then translate the sentences underlined into Chinese.(20points) People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed.It is not easy toexplain why one person is intelligent and another is not,or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are,of course,extremely interested in these types of questions.(21)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.There are no clear answers yet,but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed.As one might expect,the two approaches are very different from each other.The controversy is often conveniently referred to as“nature vs.nurture.”(22)Those who support the“nature”side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.(23)That our environment has little,if anything,to do with our abilities,characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.Taken to an extreme,this theory maintains that our behavior is pre-determined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.Those who support the“nurture”theory,that is,they advocate education,are often called behaviorists.They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.A behaviorist,B.F.Skinner,sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings.(24)The behaviorists maintain that,like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic,intelligence,offered by the two theories.(25)Supporters of the“nature”theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined.Needless to say:They don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic.On the other hand,behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.(26)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.(27)In the United States,blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.This leads some“nature”proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.(28)Behaviorists,in contrast,say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.。

一. 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。

1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。

2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。

3. We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。

4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。

5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。

6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。

英汉翻译高分攻略一.近年英译汉考题内容英译汉短文内容大体上涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、科普等方面的一般常识或社会、自然科学与技术常识的题材。

体裁多为议论文。

科学常识性的题材占了相当大的比重。

1990～2004年英译汉短文主题1990年：个性形成的教育(434词)；1991年:能源与农业（444词）1992年:智力评估的科学性（406词）1993年:科学研究方法（443词）1994年:天才、技术与科学发展的关系（308词）1995年:标准化教育与心理评估（364词）1996年:科学发展的动力（331词）1997年:动物的权利（417词）1998年:宇宙起源（376词）1999年:史学研究方法（326词）2000年:科学家与政府（381词）2001年:计算机与未来生活展望（405词）2002年:行为科学发展的困难（339词）2003年:人类学简介（371词）2004年:语言与思维（357词）平均值:短文词数:370词;要求翻译的词数:160词从英译汉试题内容分析，考生就应明确认识到，要想在英语考试中取得成功，必须在基本训练上狠下工夫。

首先要扩大知识面，提高自身文化素质。

考生如果熟悉试题内容，将有助于对短文的深入理解，增强信心，提高翻译水平。

考生应利用各种渠道，特别是通过大量浏览中、英文报纸杂志，扩大相关的知识面。

二.近年英译汉考题的特点从题型改革后、特别是1996年以后的试题分析，命题组更侧重考生综合运用语言的能力，题难度加大，趋向稳定。

考题要求考生在理解全句、全段或全文的基础上，把语法、词汇的意思和上下文结合起来理解，表面看上去画线的句子语法不很复杂，词汇似乎也不陌生，但翻译时很多考生觉得难以动笔，难度增大体现在:不能采用就词论词、就句子论句子的简单直译方法，而要求把词和句子放在篇章里去理解，还可强调英语习惯用法、语感和翻译技巧的掌握。

这样仅靠熟悉语法规则和孤立地背单词已远远不够了。