BBC纪录片精讲——美丽中国·锦绣华南4&5

纪录片《美丽中国》《第一集》（上）---中文对照翻译（SQUA WKING）NARRA TOR:The last hidden world,China.最后一个隐秘的世界，中国。

For centuries,travellers to China have told tales of magical landscape and surprising creatures.几世纪以来，到过中国的游客一直描述着中国迷人的山水风景及令人惊叹的珍禽异兽Chinese civilisation is the world’s oldest and today,its largest with well over a billion people.中国文明是世界上最古老的其人口是世界上最庞大的总数超过10亿It is home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups and a wide range of traditional lifestyles,often in close partnership with nature.它是50多种特殊民族赖以为生的家各形各色的传统生活方式通常与周遭的自然息息相关We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems,but there is great beauty here,too.虽然中国面临着巨大的社会及环境保护问题但还是有它最美的一面China is home to the world’s highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from searing hot to mind-numbing cold.中国有世界上最高的山脉最宽广的沙漠其温差可从灼热高温降到令人麻痹的寒冷Steaming forests harbouring rare creatures.云雾弥漫的森林庇护着稀有动物Grassy plains beneath vast horizons.一望无际的旷野草原And rich tropical seas.丰饶的热带丛林Now for the first time ever,we can explore the whole of this great country,meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China to the remarkable landscape in which they live.现在有史以来第一次能够完整地探索这个美好国度接触当地一些令人惊奇的稀有生物进而探讨中国人民及野生动植物与所住的非凡山水之间的互动关系。

震撼世界的云南记录片《彩云之南》英国（BBC）拍摄
《彩云之南》英国（BBC）拍摄，震撼世界的云南记录片
2016-02-21陈绪武一视频
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《美丽中国》是第一部表现中国野生动植物和自然人文景观的大型电视纪录片，是中国中央电视台（CCTV）和英国广播公司（BBC）第一次联合摄制的作品。

历时4年拍摄，使用航拍、红外、高速、延时和水下等先进摄影技术，记录了大量珍贵、精彩的画面。

《美丽中国·云翔天边》BBC英文版的名称对应为《彩云之南》
云南约占国土总面积的2%到3%，但是它占有全国总数近四分之一的植物、动物物种在这里都随处可见。

西双版纳的亚洲野象，白马雪山的滇金丝猴，高黎贡山的红腹角雉，无量山的黑冠长臂猿，思茅的大绯胸鹦鹉……还有憨态可掬的小熊猫，长相奇特的熊狸，啃食竹根的竹鼠和寄宿于竹筒中的小型蝙蝠——扁颅蝠。

云南仿佛包罗世间所有的万花筒，雪山竹海，密林深潭，承载着各种奇花异卉，使行走其间的动物也像这片土地那样披满了缤纷颜色。

BBC：WildChina美丽中国Wild China 美丽中国“Wild China”（中文名：《美丽中国》或《锦绣中华》），由英国BBC自然历史制作小组和中国中视传媒联合制作，拍摄时间历经3年，摄制组踏过了26个省、直辖市和自治区，拍摄了50多个国家级的野生动植物和风景保护区，86种中国珍奇野生动植物，还有30多个民族的生活故事。

从极北的赫哲人的生活、到桂林的船上人家，从中华民族标志性的长城、到西南边陲的苗族村寨，从青藏高原的藏羚羊，到秦岭的野生大熊猫，再到云南的亚洲象……不论是风土，还是人情，都在这6个小时的全景描述当中，用美丽的镜头呈现了出来。

即使是对很多中国人来说，也是第一次看到中国鲜为人知的一面。

第01集锦绣华南第02集云翔天边第03集神奇高原第04集风雪塞外第05集沃土中原第06集潮涌海岸影评:波澜壮阔的《美丽中国》文：铁志如果说BBC的《行星地球》产生了一次视觉上的震慑的话，那么,《美丽中国》就是一次心灵上的清洗。

一、国内外纪录片的角度对于这次记录首先说一下拍纪录片的角度，纪录片贯彻的宗旨就是客观，客观是纪录片本质，我国很多纪录片，尤其央视的格调与世界上其它国家迥然不同，其原因在于我们常常把纪录片拍成宣传片，当一个记录轻飘飘的煽情与美化时它也变的不足为信甚至让人反感，失去了呈现真实，揭露真相，纪录片也就变的没有力量。

有人说《美丽中国》肤浅时，我们想一下《迁徙的鸟》，全片几乎没有什么对白，但是震撼了全世界人的心，因为有太多看似简单的事物却被我们忽视了，纪录片的工作就是用心来观察周围任何看的到的事物。

就好像在中国，我们周围有很多的穷人、沿街乞讨乞丐，当他屈膝于你时，你可能和你女朋友厌恶地躲开了。

但是各个论坛都在发什么最震撼国人照片，这个时候你又被莫名其妙的感动了。

这不是在说现代人的虚伪和被蒙蔽，而是在说一个好纪录片不在于把一个事物诠释的多么全面与挖掘的多深，比方泱泱中国怎么可能用6集就展示它的美？六万集都不够，而是如何把与我们生活息息相关的东西深入浅出的表现出来。

BBC美丽中国英文字幕word第四集The Great Wall of China was built by the Han Chinese to keep out the nomadic tribes from the north They called these people barbarians and their lands were considered barrenand uninhabitableNorthern China is indeed a harsh placeof terrible wintersferocious summersharsh desertsBut it is far from lifelessWith colorful placessurprising creaturesamazing peopleand strange landscapesThe further we travel, the more extreme it becomes So how do people and wildlife copewith hardships and challenges of life beyond the Wall For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland The northern limits of ancient Chinawere defined by the Great Wallwhich meanders for nearly km from east to west The settled Han people of the Chinese heartland were invaded many times by warlike tribes from the northThe Great Wall was built to protect the Han Chinese from invasion To meet those fearsome northernersand the wild creatures who share their world we must leave the shelter of the Walland travel into the unknownNortheast China was known historically as Manchuria Its upper reaches are on the same latitude as Paris but in winter, it is one of the coldestmost hostile places on the planetBitter winds from Siberiaregularly bring temperatures of ? belowDense forests of evergreen trees cover these lands and a rugged terrain is made even more difficult by impenetrable ravines We start our journey on a frozen riversnaking between China's northeastern most corner and SiberiaThe Chinese call itthe "Black Dragon River"The people who live herearen't exactly fearsome warriorsThey are too busy coping with the harsh winter conditionsand they respond to the challengein some creative waysThe Black Dragon river is home toone of the smallest ethnic groups in China the Hezhe peopleIt's not just bicyclesthat seem out of place in this icy world Fishing boats and nets lie abandoned a long way from open waterUnderneather a meter of solid iceswim a huge variety of fishincluding -pound sturgeonenough to feed a family of Hezhe for weeks But how can they catch their quarries First they must chisel a hole through the ice to reach the water belowThen they need to set their fishing net under the icea real challengeA second hole is mademeters away from the firstand a weighted string is dropped in Then a long bamboo pole is used to hook the string and pull the net into position beneath the ice After a few daysthe nets are checkedThese days,almost nobody catches a rare giant sturgeon The Black Dragon river has been overfished like so many othersBut even these smaller fishare a welcome catchFrozen with in secondsthe fish are guaranteed to stay fresh for the wobbly cycle right homeThe forests that lie south of the Black Dragon riverare bound up in snow for more than half the year It's deathly silent Most of the animals here are either hibernatingor have migrated south for the winterBut there is an exceptionWild boars roam the forests of the northeast Like the Hezhe people the boars find it difficult to gather food in winter Staying close together may help them to keep warm in the extreme coldBut there is another reason for group living more ears to listen out for dangerSiberian tigers also live in these forests But these daysonly in captivityThere may be less than a dozenwild Siberian tigers left in Chinathough there are many more in breeding centers This enclosure of Hengdaohezistarted breeding tigers into supply bones and body partsfor the Chinese medicine marketTrade in tiger parts was banned in China in the s and the breeding centeris now just a tourist attractionThe forests of northeast stretch to where the chinese, Russian and Mongolian bordersmeetHere, a surprising herd of animals is on the move The reindeer were introduced to china hundreds of years ago by the nomadic Ewenki people who came here from SiberiaIt's late Apriland the women are calling int heir reindeer which are semi-wild and have spent all winter away in the forest. This a very special relationshipEach reindeer has its own nameand many were hand-reared by these women finally reunited after months apartThey will now remain together until autumn The Owenke women are anxious to check the condition of their animalsand to see which of the reindeer might be pregnant -year old, Malia Suelis one of only Owenke people still living their nomadic lifein these cold northern lands.Almost all her fellow Owenkehave given up the forest life.to settle in concrete houses in modern cities . The reindeer herders are now almost as rare as wild Siberian tigers There is about to be a new addition to the family. The women act as midwives to the new borncalves helping to nurture them through their first precious minutes of life.But the world around them is changing fast.This could be the last generation this ancient partnership will endure.This is hardly the image of the dangerous tribal people that theGreat Wall was built to keep at bay. Along China's border with North Koreais this region's most famous moutainChangbaishanIts name means ever whiteand it harvest the world's higheat volcanic lake Even in mid Maythere is still ice everywhere but there are signs that the seasons are changing Warmer winds arrive from the southand within a few short weeksChangbai Mountain is transformed.Water begins to flow down the mountainside once more replenishingthe landscape.It's Juneand insects emerge to take advantage of the abundance of flowers.The warm weather sees the arrival of migrant birds Stonechats that have spent the winter in the south of China return here to raise their chicks With so many insects aroundthe stonechats may have several broodsHeading west from Changbai Mountainthe forests give way to rolling grasslandsThe Great Wall stretches off into the distance defining the southern limits of the vast Mongolian steppe North of the Wall are huge areas of grassland but one place on our journey is particularly significant In the tall grassa family of red foxes is raising its cubsToday, they have this meadow pretty much to themselves But it wasn't always the caseEight centuries agothis palce would've been teeming with peopleNow these ruins in a field the short distance from Beijing are all that remains of the great city of Xanadu once the summer capital of ChinaWithin these wallsit is said that the leader of the Mongolians the mighty Kubla Khan welcomed Marco Polo to China Mongolian warriors established the greatest empire in history stretching to the borders of EuropeFeared of this worrior tribe is the main reason the Han Chinesebuilt the Great WallThe cornerstone of the Mongolian supremacywas their relationship with horsesThis is what brought them such success in war The Mongolian riders travelled at nightand rode with spare horsesso they could move huge distances strike and then retreat quicker than their opponentsAt the heart of the Mongolian culture is horse racing The annual Nadam Festival held each Julyis a chance for young Mongolians to show off their horsemanship It's said that Mongolian people are born in the saddle Even as children, they are consummate ridersHorsemanship was the core of the Mongolian success as warriores in the pastand is central to their lives as nomads today In a area of grassland know as Bayanbulakfamilies of nomadic Mongolians are gathering The name, Bayanbulak, means rich headwaters and they come here to set up temporary homes to graze their lifetock on the lush summer pastures The search for fresh fodder for their animals keeps them on the goand being able to move home so easilywith a real-life vantageIt takes only a few minuts for the Monolian family to set up their yurts .But Mongolians don't have this place all to themselves. The rich resources also attracked a huge variety of birds, Demoiselle Cranes wading birds and waterfowlmigrate here from all over Asiadrawn to rivers and wetlandsfed by glacial melt water from nearby mountains This place is known in Chinaas Swan LakeIt's the world's most important breeding site for whooperswans and arguably mosquitos as well.The pastures at Swan Lake provide endless amount of lush grassfor birds to nest inand for lifestock to eatIt would seem that's plenty for everybodybut occasionally they can't get too close for comfortyears agothe Mongolians were the most feared people on Earth but they have a spiritual side as wellThe birds of Swan Lakehave little cause to worryThe Mongolians protect the swans,and venerate them,calling them birds of GodThe Great Wall's journey through northern China continues westward by setting a landscape that becomes increasingly parched Our journey has brought us halfway across northern China and the grasslands are becoming hotdryand desolateWandering these wastes are creatures that look more African than AsianThese are Goitred Gazellesskittishand easily startledWhen threatened by danger,they are as fast as a race horseBut in this intense heatthey favor a gentler paceThere is little standing water herebut the gazelles have remarkable abilityto extract moisture from dry grassalthough finding enough worth eatingkeeps them constantly on the moveEven out here, in the semi-desertsthe wall continues its long marchHere it's made of a little more than compacted earth But with hardly any rain fallingit suffered very little erosion over the centuries Hundreds of thousands of people lost their lives building it Yet it seems hard to believethat anyone felt that these distant wastelands needed protecting But the Wall still has one final surpriseThis is Jiayuguanthe mighty fortress in the desertBuilt in the Ming dynasty over years ago legend says that the construction of the fortress was so meticulousily planned that , bricks were specially madeand only one brick was left unusedThis fortress marks the end of the Great Wall of China the greatest man-made barrier on EarthBut ahead, lies an even more formidable barrier a vast no man's land of deserts that stretch westward to the borders of central Asia Jiayuguan fortress was consideredto be the last outpost of Chinese civilization Beyond this point, lays utter desolation China's largest desert, the Taklamakan lies out here Its name has been translated asyou go in, and you never come outThis is a place of intense heatabrasive wind blown sandTotally hostile to lifeYet, there was a route through the desert for those brave enough to risk their lives for it People were lured into the horrors of the deserts because the Chinese had a secret so powerfulthat it changed the course of historyThe key to that secret lies in the distant past Legend has itat around years agoa princess was walking in her gardena princess was walking in her gardenwhen something unusual fell into her teacup A magical thread was extractedand it became more prized than gold or jade The thread, was silk Incredibly, such a beautiful substance and all the history behind it come from a humble little insectthe silkwormSilk moths lay several hundred eggsand the tiny caterpillars that emergeeat nothing but mulberry leavesAfter days of gluttonythey've grown thousand times heavierBut this stagepercent of their body mass is made up of silk glands In the process of turning into adult mothsthey spin a cocoon from a single strand of silk which can be over a thousand meters longIt was the legendary strength and brightness of silk fibers that made it so sought-afterFor over years,people built great fortunes and mighty kingdoms on these delicate threads.And the desert routes those antient traders took became the fabled Silk RoadThe principle of extracting raw silk hasn't changed since it's discoveredHarvested cocoons are droped into boiling water which unravels the long filamentsThese are then gathered and spun into raw silk thread Here at Hotan, on the ancient Silk Roadsilk weaving is still a cottage industrydumbly old-fashioned way on wooden loomsFor the ancient Silk Road tradersthe problem was still how to get the valuable silk from the fortress at Jiayuguanthrough the deserts to markets of central Asia and beyond Those early travellers heading west on the Silk Road were setting off on the worst voyage imaginable through some of the most terrible places on Earth Starting with the world's tallest sand dunesstrong winds whipping in from the westload the sand into ever higher dunesOver millenniamega-dunes build upwalls of sands soaring to over m tallcamels are the only beasts of burden that tackle these monstrous dunesTheir feet are wide and splay outwards to stop them sinking in loose sandThe wind that whips the sand into duneshas created other bizarre shapes in China's western deserts Mysterious giant structuresknown as yardangswere sculpted by flying sandThe wind brought other hazards to travellers in these deserts Marco Polo wrotesometimes the stray travelers will hear the tramp and hum of a great cavalcade of people away from the real line of marchand taking this to be their own companythey will follow the soundAnd when day breaksthey find that a cheat has been put on them and that they are in an ill plightTo this dayno one knows what causes the sands in some parts of the desert to sinkNo wonder travellers call this placefury of Godand sea of deathBut the most severe problem was lack of water The reason this place is so intensely drycan best be appreciated from a satellite view China's deserts arethe farthest place on Earth from any ocean This lack of water is what created the Taklamakan an area the size of Germany covered in sand dunes through which the Silk Road traversedThis is the world's largest shifting sand desert Most living would die herebut the camel is uniquely equipped for desert survival Its nose humidifies the dry desert air as it breathe in then dehumidifies it in the way outconserving precious waterThe camel's thick fur keeps it warm at night while reflectingsunlight by dayAnd its body temperature can rise by degree Celsius before it even begins to sweatWith these adaptationsthey can go for days without drinkingFor the camel trainstravel through the desertis about moving between one life-saving oasis and the next When they finally do reach a drinking hole camels can drink up to liters of water in ten minutes Without oasislife in the Taklamakancouldn't existand travel would be impossibleBut nothing is permanent in the desertThe shifting sands on the extreme climate mean that these precious water sources can disappear This is exactly what happened in the Aydingkol Lake The lake bed is the second lowest place on Earth at meters below sea levelIt's the hottest place in Chinawith air temperatures recorded as high as degree Celsius and ground temperatures up to degreesYet not far from Aydingkol is a surprisea thriving human settlement in the desertThis is Turpan OasisAnd it's famous in China for an unexpected product grapesBut how on Earth can a water-hungry crop grow in such abundance in a desert？The secret lies below groundA subterranean network of canals known as karez is used to channel water around Turpan streetsand into raving yardsBut where does the water come from?The clue lies on the desert floorin these lines of holes which mark the course of the subterranean water waysOver millennia agolocal people carved more than km ofthese canals beneath the desertdiverting water from the distant mountainsChanneling the flow undergroundmeans that less water is lost to evaporation in the desert heat In Augustthe grapes are harvestedThis rich bounty has not go unnoticedIn the lush vineyards of Turpan one animal misses thriving Red-tailed gerbils are hardy desert creaturesBut those in Turpan have never had it so goodOnce the grapes have been pickedsome are sold in the marketbut most are hung up to dry in the special drying houses This place is far too tempting for any rodent to resist Red-tailed gerbils are excellent climbersBut why botherwhen there is plenty of bounty lying around on the ground unguarded Rather than suffering the extreme environment in which they live The wild life and people of Turbanhave found innovative ways to cope with conditions beyond the Wall But not all desert communities world as resourceful as Turpan Between here and China's western borderslie the ruins of many great citiesIn their day they were vibrant thriving palcesBut in the fifth centurythe Silk Road fortunes took a turn for the worse Once again, a princess was involvedShe smuggled silkworm eggs out of chinaThe secret of silk was a secret no moreAnd China's stranglehold on this lucrative trade was over Even when Marco Polo passed along the Silk Road in the th century many of these cities had been deadfor over yearsBut the Silk Road's most famous city managed to survive Where the desert ends beneath vast mountain ranges China's westernmost point is only a stone's throw from the borders of five centralAsian countriesThis is Kashgar where east meets westThe silk that travelled along the Silk Road ended up here where it is still tradedtodayKashgar is famous for selling everything under the sun The local Sunday marketis one of Asia's largest and most exuberant gatherings But looking around the marketit's hard to believe you are actually in China Kashgar is a melting pot of non-Chinese ethnic people Uyghurs, Tajiks, Kirghiz, Uzbeks and many others Here, our journey heads northwardsinto one of China's wildest placesLeaving Kashgar and the Silk Road behindwe travel into the Tianshanor heavenly mountains.This great mountain range defines the border between China's most northwestern provinceand neighboring Tajikistan and KyrgyzstanIts majestic peaks are nearly as high as the Himalayas Forming a natural great wallFor much of the year it's bound up in iceBut the glacial melt water allows evergreen forests to grow a far cry from the desert south of hereThese mountains are the gatewayto some of China's most surprising people and places In the upland valleysa family of Kazakhs has been grazing their livestock all summer on the lush <u>alpine meadowsIt's autumnin a few weeks' time, winter snows will seal the mountain passes So the Kazakhs have decidedto break camp and move while they still canTurning their backs on the mountain pasturesthey have many long weeks of travel ahead of them along well worn trailsThe destination could hardly be more differentfrom the heavenly mountain's lush pasturesThese paths head into one of China's wildest and least known places This is the Zhunge'er Basinan added landthat lies at the westernmost edge of the great Gobi desert the most northerly desert in the worldthe Zhunge'er is a place of surprisesThis bizarre landscape is called theand though very little lives here nowthe ancestors of Tyrannosaurus rexonce roamed these hillsTheir fossils only discovered inBut the Zhunge'er is not entirely lifelessIn the darkness a little Roborovski's Hamster emerges to search for foodThey're the world's smallest hamstersthe size of a ping-pong balland they live in family groups around tenUnlike the Kazakhs hamsters cut migrate to avoid the severity of winterThey have to prepare for difficult times by storing up provisions to spend the season undergroundAnyone who has kept a pet hamsterknows what an energetic little creature it can be In a single nighta hamster may cover the equivalent of four human marathons but foraging far and wide creates a problemhow to carry the harvest back to its nestHere the hamster's famous flexiblecheek pouches come into playThey can be stuffed full of seeds for carrying back to the burrow Underground the family has special food chambers to store the bounty The supply will have to last themtrough the lean and cold times aheadWinter is on its wayWithin a few short weeksthe five colored hills are blanketed in snowdriven by icy winds from SiberiaDespite being at the same latitude as VeniceAsia's northern deserts have no nearby sea to warm them and sosuffer bitterly cold wintersWhen it melts next springthe snow will provide moisture for grasses and other plants to grow Like almost everywhere beyond the wallthe harsh conditions force people and wildlife to keep moving tofind enough to surviveThe Kazakhs have arrived from the Tianshan Mountains to graze their animals on the meagar pickings in the Zhunge'er But the Kazakhs don'thave this place all to themselves. Their winter migration routes take them passed the fence enclosure in the desert.The horses on this side of the fencearent domestic animals like those belonging to the Mongolians and KazakhsThese are the last wild horses on EarthMillions of them once screeched all the way to Europe but now they barely number in the hundredsFor part of the winterthe wild horses are quarantinedto stop their mating with the Kazakh's horsesThat way, the gene pool of the rare wild animals can be kept pure There is a big problem, howeverThe live stock and the wild horses compete for the same food Many Kazakhs families and their flockswill pass through here over the winterBy the time the wild horses can be released from the pen Much of the best forage will be goneWhen there are so little to go aroundit doesn't take much for the situation to turn critical Even in the least inhabited parts of Chinawildlife and people come into conflict in the struggle to survive Yet in this barren landscapea remarkable association between people and wildlife persists A tradition harking back almost yearsEighty-two year old Reya carries on a tradition that has made the Kazakhs famous throughout China Every winter for most of his life Reya has gone hunting with a golden eagleThis eagle is around years oldit was taken from the wild as a chickand raised by Reyawho trained it to return to him after each flight He will keep this bird for a total of ten seasons before setting it freeFoxes were once the favorite quarry for the eagle hunters These days they almost never catch anythingAs in many parts of Chinawildlife is far scarcer here than it used to be When Reya finally releases this eagleit will be the end of its hunting daysMany of the younger generation of China's nomads are moving to modern cities on leaving their traditions behindTheir lives no longer ruled by the changing of the seasons Back in the northeast in mid winterthe Great Wall still dominates the landscape Originally built to keep out dangerous warriors today it's a little more than a curiosity The Han Chinese whose ancestors built the Wall now live in great cities like Harbinfar to the north.Each year the artists of Harbinget ready for a special winter celebration Giant blocks of ice from nearby riversundergo a magical transfermationTourists flock to Harbin from all over China to see the spectacular carvingsand the ice city that has sprung up all around It takes people days to construct this icy wonderlandIt's impressive enough <u>by daybut the magic of this place only becomes apparent once the sun goes downNorthern China can be a harsh placebut also a place of great beautyThe Harbin Ice Festival showshow attitudes have changed since the Great Wall was built No longer are the extremes of life beyond the Wall merely to be feared Now it is possible to celebrate them,too。

美丽中国纪录片第一集锦绣华南观后感这是一个充满生机的地方，美丽的地貌，环境丰富的物种群落，一直以来令世人惊叹和神往，这里是美丽的中国。

下面让我们来发现它的宝藏。

锦绣华南，位于长江沿岸，这里有美如幻境般的山水，饱含中国诗画中的意境，水流回畅，山似碧玉这里是温润的南方。

连绵的山系和水系谱写出庞大的自然乐章，这里有着中国种植业的王者——稻米。

而大自然缔造的神奇地貌，滋养着这里的一切，秋天稻谷成熟了，鱼儿长大了，也印证了一句老话，一方水昂养土方人，这就是美丽的锦绣华南。

云翔天边，这里是云南省，这里战友中国总数近1/4的植物动物物种，在这里随处可见西双版纳的亚洲，也像白马雪山的滇金丝猴，高黎贡山的红腹角雉，无量山的黑冠长臂猿，还有可爱的小熊猫，长相奇特的熊里，啃食竹子根部的竹鼠和寄生在竹筒里的小型蝙蝠边颅蝠。

而且这里奇花异卉十分美丽，为这片土地上披上了五彩的披风。

神奇高原，青藏是我国的古老的地方，这里有着淳朴的民风，有着皑皑的白雪，有着热情的人们，而且这里还有着不同的奇珍异兽，有野牦牛，有温泉舌，有藏羚羊等，还有许许多多的神奇药草，有冬虫夏草藏马鸡等，还有一望无际的大草原，有肆意奔跑的野马，让人心向神往，而且这里是长江和黄河的源头，是藏族人民的栖息地。

风雪塞外，今天这集带我们走进内蒙古的草原，甘肃的戈壁，还有东北的林场，西部的边陲，在这些地方有许许多多美丽的景色，例如长白天池，吐鲁番盆地，荒无人烟的沙漠。

还有许许多多珍贵的动植物，如野马，沙鼠，大天鹅，白杨树。

这里还有许多少数民族，如哈萨克族，维吾尔族，呃克温族。

这里就是美丽的塞外。

潮涌海岸，就你的耳朵去细细的聆听，到底听到了什么？听到了大海的声音，这里有无数妙奇的鸟类和海洋生物，由南向北，你会看见翩翩起舞的丹顶鹤，以海草为食的大天鹅，漂浮于海面，柔软发光的水母群，栖息在沼泽湿地里的麋鹿，飞往香港的黑脸琵鹭，长江下游的中华鲟和冬海曼鱼，各种各样奇丽的景色，有寒带到热带，由湿地到城市，跟随着鸟类的足迹，看一看针美丽的大海和中国的沿海城市。

美丽中国英文字幕（2）——香格里拉Beneath billowing clouds,in China's far southwesternYunnan province,lies a place of mystery and legend.Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world.Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures,and colourful tribal cultures. Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics.So, why do they thrive here?And how has this rugged landscape come to harbour the greatest natural wealth in all China? In the remote southwest corner of China, a celebration is about to take place.Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year.The Dai call themselves the people of the water.Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years.By bringing the river water to the temple, they honour the two things holiest to them Buddhism and their home.The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture. Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time.Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernise but the Water Splashing Festival is still celebrated by all.The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture flow from the distant mountains of Tibet,southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges.The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos, but their legends tell of how theirancestors came here by following the rivers from mountain lands in the cold far north. Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas,the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet.Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range, is a site of holy pilgrimage.Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered.Yunnan's mountains are remote,rugged and inaccessible.Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees.This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth.The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests.No other primate lives at such high altitudes but these are true specialists.These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends.Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors,calling them "the wild men of the mountains".During heavy snowfalls, even these specialists cannot feed.It seems a strange place for a monkey.Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food.At this altitude, there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat.90% of their diet is made up of thefine dry wisps of a curious organism.Half fungus, half plant it's lichen.How have monkeys, normallyassociated with lowland jungle,come to live such a remote mountain existence?This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks.A Chinese red panda.Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops.Despite its name,the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda.It's actually more closely related to a skunk.But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo.Southwest China's red pandas areknown for their very strong facial markings which distinguish them from red pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas.Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forestswhen the mountains quite literally rose beneath themin the greatest mountain-buildingevent in recent geological history.Over the last 30 million years, the Indian subcontinent has beenpushing northwards into Eurasia.On the border between India and Tibetthe rocks have been raised eight kilometres above sea level,creating the world's highestmountain range, the Himalayas. But to the east, the rocks have buckled into a seriesof steep north-south ridges,cutting down through the heart of Yunnan,the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan.These natural barriers serve toisolate Yunnan's plants and animals in each adjacent valley.While the huge temperaturerange between the snowy peaks and the warmer slopes below provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive. Through spring, the Hengduan slopes stage one ofChina's greatest natural spectacles.The forests here are among the most diverse botanical areas in the world.Over 18,000 plant species grow here,of which 3,000 are found nowhere else.Until little more than a century ago,this place was unknown outside China.But then news reached the West of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient.Hidden among the mountains,a lost Shangri-la paradise.Western high society, in the gripof a gardening craze,was eager for exotic species from faraway places.This gave rise to a newbreed of celebrity adventurers, intrepid botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters". Yunnan became their Holy Grail.The most famous was Joseph Rock, a real life Indiana Jones.Remarkable film footage captured his entourage on a series of expeditions,as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan.In glorious colour he recorded the plant life he foundon special photographic glass plates.Sending thousands of specimens back to the West,the Plant Hunters changed thegardens of the world forever.Rock's success was born of a massive effort.For, to find his Shangri-la,not only had he to traverseendless mountain ranges,but some of the deepest gorges in the world.The Nujiang is called The Angry River.This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids is as much a barrier to lifeas are the mountains above.WAVES CRASHBut the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here.Along the Nujiang,less than 30 rope crossings allowlocals passage across the torrents.Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.This morning, it's market day,drawing people from upand down the valley.PIG OINKSGOAT BLEATSHanging from simple rope slings,people have been using the crossingsfor many hundreds of years.In such narrow, precipitous gorges it's by far the easiest way to get around.Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike.Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market.The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups.Some, like the Nu people, are found only here.The markets bring the mountain tribes together.To continue his expeditions,Rock had to get his entire entourageacross the giant Yunnan rivers.He commissioned especially thick ropes made from forest rattanand filmed the entire event.With yak butter to smooth the ride, 40 men and 15 mules made the journey.Not all made it across.On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge, the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery. Far from the tropics,they seemed to be entering a steamy,vibrant tropical jungle,the forest of Gaoligongshan.The flora here is unlike anywhere else in the world.Next to subtropical species, alpine plants grow in giant form.Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons,up to 30 metres high.In April and May, their flowersturn the forests ruby red,attracting bird species found only here.Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are ladenwith flowering epiphytes,fiercely guarded by tiny sunbirds,unique to these valleys.Nectar feeders, these are the hummingbirds of the Old World tropics.The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife. This is a female Temminck's Tragopan.She has a colourful male admirer.He's hoping to woo her with his peculiar peekaboo displaybut she's not about to be rushed.His colourful skin wattlereflects more light than feathers do.To her, this is like a neon sign.Seeing his chance,the male makes his move.Constant moisture inthe Gaoligongshan forestsmeans that throughout the yearthere are always fruits on the trees.Such abundance of food encouragesa high diversity of fruit eatersmore commonly found in the tropics.The black giant squirrel is foundonly in undisturbed rainforest.At close to a metre in length, it'sone of the world's largest squirrels.The mystery is that these forestsare growing well outside the tropics.By rights, none of this jungle,or its animals, should be here.These are bear macaques.They're found only intropical and sub-tropical jungle.With a tiny home range ofjust a few square kilometres,they depend on the abundant fruitthat only true rainforestscan provide all year round.To the European plant hunters,these northern rainforests must haveseemed a fantastic andmysterious lost world.Yet, when they came here, they wouldhave found beautifully constructedancient stone pathwayson which the forestcould be explored.Winding westwards into the hills,these were once some of the most important highways in Asia,the southwestern tea and silk road. Built thousands of years ago,the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the worldbeyond China's borders,carrying tradesmen and travellers from as far away as Rome.Wars were fought over accessto this tiny path,the only sure route inor out of China,that was guaranteed tobe clear of snow all year round. So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate?In late May, gusts of wind arrive, bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery.The winds are hotand saturated with water.They come all the wayfrom the Indian Ocean.Channelled by Yunnan'sunique geography,they bring with them themoisture of the tropical monsoon. The giant river valleys,created millions of years ago,act like immense funnels.The gorges are so deep and narrow, that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan. The result is rain, in torrents! Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation.The arrival of the monsoonawakens one of the forest'smost extraordinarymoisture-loving inhabitants.The crocodile newt is one ofthe most unusual of the many amphibian species found here.As the rains arrive,they emerge to mate.The newts are said toleave an odour trail thatpotential mates can follow.The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps along its back. These are its defence.If grabbed by a potential predator, the tips of its ribs squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps.The deluge wakesanother forest inhabitant.This one is particularly astounding in its vigour!It can grow up to a metre a day, fast overtaking the otherplants around it.The taller it grows,the faster its growth rate,so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth,and continues reaching for the sky. Not bad for what isessentially a grass.It's bamboo.Given the chance,bamboo will create immense forests, dominating entire areas.Bamboo forests occuracross southwest China,all the way to Shanghai.But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the worldis found on the hillsand valleys of Yunnan.Though incredibly strong,bamboos have hollow stems,a perfect shelter for anycreatures which can find a way in. This entrance holewas made by a beetlebut it's being used by avery different animal.A bamboo bat.The size of a bumblebee, it's oneof the tiniest mammals in the world. The entire colony, up to 25 bats,fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup. It's quite a squeeze!Half the colony are babies.Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their mums. Feeding such a fast-growingbrood is hard work.The mums leave to huntjust after dusk each night.Back in the roost,the young are left on their own. Special pads on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls -most of the time.The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wingby preening and stretching.Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake.But the snake has nochance of getting in.The entrance is thinnerthan the width of a pencil.When the mothers return,they can push through the narrow entrance only because oftheir unusually flattened skulls.But it's still a squeeze.Bamboos are exploited in avery different way by anotherforest dweller.Fresh bamboo shoots arean important forest crop.Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe, from the mountainvillage of Mengsong.Roasted, the tender shoots hegathers will make a tasty dish.The Hani have many uses for thedifferent bamboos they growand find in the forest around. Though flexible enough to be woven, bamboo has a highertensile strength than steel. Succulent when young,in maturity it's tough and durable, ideal for making a tableand strong enoughfor a pipe to last a lifetime.The people of southwest Chinahave found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this mostversatile of plants.THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGEPart of bamboo'sphenomenal successis that it's so toughthat few animals can tackle it.Yet, bamboo does come under attack.A bamboo rat.Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest.The thinner species of bambooare easy to attack and pull below. She has a fantastic sense of smell and can sniff out the freshgrowth through the soil.Bamboo spreads alongunderground stems.By following these,new shoots are found.Once a shoot is detected,she snips it free and dragsit down into her burrow.This female has a family.At just a few weeks old,the youngsters can already tacklethe hardest bamboo stemsand are eager to try.Bamboo's tough reputation is such, that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as,"The Iron Eating Animal".The giant panda is famousfor its exclusive diet.Giant pandas are thought tohave originated in southwestChina, millions of years ago,but they are no longerfound in Yunnan.Recently, their specialiseddiet has had dire consequences. Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle, flowering infrequently, sometimes only once every hundred years or so. But when flowering does occur,it's on a massive scale,and it's followed by thedeath of all of the plants. Sometimes an entirebamboo forest may die.In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another areawhere a differentbamboo species grows.But as human activity has fragmented their forest home,pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areasin which to survive.Wild pandas are now found onlyin the forests of Central China,far to the east.But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south, live one of China'sbest-kept wildlife secrets.DEEP BELLOWThe wild Asian elephant.Elephants once roamed acrossChina as far north as Beijing.But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived. Elephants are thearchitects of the forest.Bamboos and grasses are theirfavourite foodbut saplings, tree leaves andtwisted lianas are alltaken, with little care.As they move through the forest,the elephants open up clearings, bringing light to the forest floor. This has a majorimpact on their home.The richest forests are now known to be those which from time to time experience change.The Jinou people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forestsand claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there. They have names for them all,those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal qualities. By working here, the Jinou playa similar role to the elephants, opening up the forest,bringing space, light and diversity. Green, fast growingspecies are encouraged.Insects are in high abundance here, together with the animalsthat feed on them.Knowledge of the forest enablesthe Jinou to find not just plants, but other tasty forest food too. Forest crabs are common here,feeding on the abundant leaf litter. This will be a tastyaddition to the evening meal.Flowing through Yunnan'ssouthern valleys,the once angry riversare now swollen,their waters slow and warm.These fertile lowland valleysare the home of the Dai.The "People of the Water"live along streams whichoriginate in the surrounding hills. Each family keeps a kitchen garden modelled on the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests, which the Dai hold sacred.The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops. Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade. As companions,the plants grow better.Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana speciesand banana crops grow wellin most Dai gardens.The huge banana flowers are richin nectar for only two hours a day, but it's enough to attract a rangeof forest insects, including hornets. With their razor sharp mandibles, they find it easy to robthe flowers of their nectar.But hornets are predators too.They hunt other insects andcarry them back to their nest.An ideal target,but this grasshopper is no easy meal. There may be a price to pay.The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, take advantage of a hunter's instincts.A hornet sting is agony.But for now it's distracted,intent on cutting awaya piece of grasshoppersmall enough to carry back home. Success!The white featherhardly slows the hornet,and, more importantly,it can be seen.Now the hunter is the hunted.So long as Po andXue Ming can keep up!Back at the nest,the other hornetsimmediately begin to cutthe feather free.But it's too late. The nest'slocation has been betrayed.The relationship between the forest animals and the people who live here was never one of harmony.Yet the fact that the Dai and other ethnic groups considered theseforests to be sacred,has ensured their survivaland now many have been givenextra protection as nature reserves. Ingenuity and hard workpays off at last.The fattened larvae areconsidered a delicacy by the Dai. Although these forests have experienced a great deal of change, they are still host to someancient and incredible relationships. Almost 60 centimetres high,this is the immense flowerof the Elephant yam.Locals call it the"Witch of the Forest".As the stars rise,the witch begins to cast her spell. The forest temperature drops,but the flower starts to heat up.A heat sensitive camera revealsthe flower's temperaturerising by an incredibleten degrees Celsius.At the same time, a noxious stench of rotting flesh fills the forest air. As the flower's heat increases,a cloud of odour rises up.The foul perfumecarries far and wide.It doesn't go unnoticed.Carrion beetles arrive on the scene. The beetles come in searchof a feast of warm decaying flesh, but they've been tricked.Slippery sides ensure they tumble straight into the centreof the monster flower.There's not enough room to spread their wingsand the waxy walls ensurethat there's no escape.But there's nothing sinisterin the flower's agenda.The beetles will beits unwitting helpers.Dawn arrives,but the flower remains unchanged, holding its captives through the day. As the second night falls,the witch stirs again.In a matter of minutes, the flower's precious golden pollensqueezes from the stamensand begins to fall,showering onto the captivebeetles below.Now, at last, the prisonersare free to go.The flower's wall changes texture, becoming roughto provide the ideal escape ladder. Loaded with their pollen parcels, they can now climb to freedom,just as other forest witchesare beginning to open.Seduced by the irresistible perfume, the beetles are sure to pay a visit, so ensuring pollination,and another generation of incredibly big, smelly flowers.As dawn arrives, forest birds claim their territories in the canopy. BIRDSONGBut there's one callwhich stands out among the rest - virtuoso of the forest symphony.STRANGE CALL RINGS OUTIt's a gibbon.UNDULATING CALL CONTINUESLiving on a remote mountainrange in south central Yunnanis one of the few remainingwild gibbon populations in China. The black-crestedgibbons of Wuliangshan.They are confined tothese forest mountains,so remote and steepthat few hunters ever come here.The Wuliangshan gibbons areunusual for their social structure. Most gibbons live in smallfamily groupsconsisting of a mating pairand their offspring.But these gibbons exist in troops. One male can have twoor sometimes three femalesand all of these can have young. Often even the juvenilesstay in the community.BABY SQUEAKSRarely glimpsed,this baby may be only a day old.If it survives infancy,then it has a promising futurein these few valleyswith its close-knit family.GIBBON CALLS RING OUTGibbon song once inspiredthe ancient poets of China,their glorious callsechoing far across the hills.But now, new, strangely quiet forests have come to Yunnan.These trees are here to producean important and valuable crop.When the tree bark is scored,it yields copious sticky sap,so bitter and tackythat nothing can feed on it.It's the tree's naturaldefence against attack.It's collected daily,bowl by bowl.It will be boiled and processed into one of the most important materials to a fast developing nation - rubber. The expansion of the rubberforests began in the '50s when China, under a world rubber embargo,had to become self-sufficientin this vital product.Beijing turned to the only place where rubber could grow,the tropical south of Yunnan.With efficiency and speed,some of the world's richest forests were torn up and burned.Replaced with mile upon mileof rubber plantation.But there was a problemfor the rubber growers.While Yunnan's uniquenatural forestscan survive on the valleyslopes which stretch to the north... ..just one severe frost will kill off these delicate rubber trees.So Yunnan's terrain puts a limit on how far the plantations can spread, halting at leasttheir northwards advance.The jungles of Yunnanare increasingly under pressure. HORN BEEPSNew roads criss-crossthe tiny remnant forests,the infrastructure needed for trade, industry and, increasingly, tourism. It's a meeting of two verydifferent worlds.ELEPHANT TRUMPETSThat elephants still exist in Chinais remarkableconsidering the immense pressuresin the world's most highlypopulated country.The 250 or so wild elephantswhich still live hereare now strictly protected.And each year youngare born to the small herds.If elephants were to surviveanywhere in China,it could only have been here,in Yunnan.The same mountains which guidethe monsoon rains northand which made Joseph Rock'sjourneys so treacherous,also guarded Yunnan's forestsand its wildlife.ELEPHANTS GRUNT AND TRUMPETFor the moment, the mountains arestill carpeted in a rich green,deceptive in its simplicity.Below the canopy lies perhapsChina's richest natural treasure.Delicate and unique,a complex world of intricaterelationshipsbetween animals, plants and people,beneath the clouds.美丽中国英文字幕（1）——龙之心The last hidden worldChinaFor centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and surprising creaturesChinese civilization is the world's oldestand today it's largestwith well over a billion peopleIt's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groupsand a wide range of traditional life stylesoften in close partnership with natureWe know that China faces immense social and environmental problemsbut there is great beauty here tooChina is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from from searing hotto mind numbing coldsteaming forestsharboring rare creaturesgrassy plains beneath vast horizonsand rich tropical seasNow, for the first time everwe can explore the whole of this great countrymeet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live hereand consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable landscaping which they liveThis is wild ChinaOur exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical southOn the Li River, fishermen and birds perch on bamboo raftsa partnership that goes back more than a thousand yearsThis scenery is known throughout the worlda recurring motif in Chinese paintingsand a major tourist attractionThe south of China is a vast areaeight times larger than the UKIt's a landscape of hillsbut also of waterIt rains here for up to 250 days a yearand standing water is everywhereIn a floodplain of the Yangtse Riverblack-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of wormsBut it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environmentthe swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family riceThe Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand yearsIt has transformed a landscapeLate winter in southern Yunnan, it's a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming springThese hill slopes of Yuanyang countyplunge nearly 2 thousand meters to the floor of the Red River Valleyeach contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging toolsYunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in Chinastill ploughed as they always have beenby domesticated water buffaloeswhose ancestors originated in these very valleysThis man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China It seems as if every square inch of landhas been pressed into cultivationAs evening approachesan age-old ritual unfoldsIt's the mating seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of femalesBut it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youselfThe Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predatorEven in the middle of a ploughed paddy field<i>nature is red in beacon claw</i>This may look like a slaughterbut as each heron can swallow only one frog at a timethe vast majority will escape to croak another dayTerrace paddies like those of Yunyang county are found across much of southern ChinaThis whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivationIn here in Guizhou province, the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivationthe Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsidesIn Chinese rural life, everything has a usedried in the sun, manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuelIt's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetablesOblivious to the domestic chitchatgranddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mindSpring is a start of the rice growing seasonthe success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next yearso planting at the right time is criticalThe ideal date depends on what the weather will do this yearnever easy to predictBut there is some surprising help at handOn the ceiling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallows newly arrive from their winter migrationis busy fixing up last year's nestIn China, animals have value does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may doMiao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for lifeso their presence is a favor and a blessingbringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a homeLike most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freelyEach year, granddad Gu knows the exat day the swallows returnMiao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead。

美丽中国（Wild China）第四集万里长城的塞外风光Beyond the Great Wall 长城始建于中国汉代The Great Wall of China was built by the Han Chinese为了抵御来自北方的游牧民族而建to keep out the nomadic tribes from the north当时把这些游牧民族称为戎狄They called these people barbarians并且认为他们的土地贫瘠且and their lands were considered barren不适宜人类生息and uninhabitable中国的北方确实是一个笼罩在严酷寒冬之中的Northern China is indeed a harsh place艰辛之地of terrible winters无情的夏天ferocious summers严酷的沙漠harsh deserts但是这块多彩多姿的土地But it is far from lifeless却充满了勃勃生机With colorful places有着令人惊讶生物surprising creatures奇风异俗的人民amazing people以及独特的景致and strange landscapes旅途越发深入景致越发精彩The further we travel, the more extreme it becomes长城以北的人民与野生生命So how do people and wildlife cope是如何应对艰苦的自然环境和种种生存挑战with hardships and challenges of life beyond the Wall仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland长城是中国古代The northern limits of ancient China北部的边界were defined by the Great Wall自东蜿蜒向西约5000公里which meanders for nearly 5000km from east to west当时定居于中原地带的汉族人The settled Han people of the Chinese heartland常常被被来自于北方的were invaded many times by warlike tribes游牧部落所侵略from the north长城的修建保护了汉族人免于The Great Wall was built to protect the Han Chinese遭受侵略from invasion为了展现勇猛豪迈的北方壮士To meet those fearsome northerners以及这块土地上的野生生命and the wild creatures who share their world我们必须离开庇护所we must leave the shelter of the Wall深入探索未知的世界and travel into the unknown中国的东北部在历史上被称为满洲Northeast China was known historically as Manchuria她的上游河段与巴黎位于同一纬度Its upper reaches are on the same latitude as Paris但是到了冬季这儿却是——but in winter, it is one of the coldest地球上最冷最不利于生存的地方most hostile places on the planet 刺骨的寒风定期从西伯利亚袭来Bitter winds from Siberia并将气温降至零下四十度regularly bring temperatures of 40° below 0四季常绿的茂密森林覆盖了这片土地Dense forests of evergreen trees cover these lands难以穿越的大峡谷增添本来就and a rugged terrain is made even more difficult崎岖不平的地形的复杂度by impenetrable ravines从一条冰封的河流开始了我们的旅途We start our journey on a frozen river蛇行于中国的最东北角与snaking between China's northeastern most corner西伯利亚之间and Siberia中国人叫她The Chinese call it黑龙江the "Black Dragon River"居住在这儿的人The people who live here并非勇猛豪迈的北方壮士aren't exactly fearsome warriors他们在严冬中奔忙求存They are too busy coping with the harsh winter conditions并以创造性的方式and they respond to the challenge去应对所面临的挑战in some creative ways黑龙江是The Black Dragon river is home to中国最小的族群one of the smallest ethnic groups in China赫哲人的家园the Hezhe people不只是自行车It's not just bicycles与这个冰雪覆盖的世界不相称that seem out of place in this icy world遗弃在一边的渔船和渔网Fishing boats and nets lie abandoned 离敞开的水面还有很长一段距离 a long way from open water在一米深的冰盖下面Underneather a meter of solid ice游弋着不计其数的鱼儿swim a huge variety of fish其中包括足以养活including 500-pound sturgeon一个赫哲家庭一星期的500磅重的鲟鱼enough to feed a family of Hezhe for weeks但是他们怎样捕捉到猎物呢But how can they catch their quarries 首先他们必须在冰面上凿穿一个First they must chisel a hole through the ice够得着下面水面的洞to reach the water below然后他们需要在冰面下Then they need to set their fishing net布置渔网under the ice这是一个真正的挑战 a real challenge第二个洞已经凿好了 A second hole is made距离第一个洞20米远20 meters away from the first同时将一个重物系在线上丢进去and a weighted string is dropped in 然后用一个长竹竿钩住线Then a long bamboo pole is used to hook the string把网送到冰下安置的地点and pull the net into position beneath the ice过些日子After a few days来检查渔网the nets are checked这些日子以来These days,几乎没有人能捕到一条稀有的大鲟鱼almost nobody catches a rare giant sturgeon黑龙江就像是很多其他的河流一样The Black Dragon river has been overfished已经被捕捞过度like so many others但即使是捕到这样小的鱼But even these smaller fish也是一件可喜可贺的事情are a welcome catch几秒钟内鱼就被冻僵了Frozen with in seconds这些鱼在保证新鲜的情况下the fish are guaranteed to stay fresh 被摇摆的自行车带回家for the wobbly cycle right home位于黑龙江南面的森林The forests that lie south of the Black Dragon river被冰雪覆盖超过半年了are bound up in snow for more than half the year死一般的寂静It's deathly silent这里大多数动物都已经冬眠Most of the animals here are either hibernating或因寒冬得到来迁徙到南边去了or have migrated south for the winter 但是这里有一个例外But there is an exception野猪漫步在东北的森林里Wild boars roam the forests of the northeast正如赫哲人一样Like the Hezhe people野猪们发现在在冬天觅食是非常困难的事情the boars find it difficult to gather food in winter在严寒的环境里Staying close together may help them to keep warm靠近点儿能让他们暖和点儿in the extreme cold还有一个群居的理由But there is another reason for group living就是更能留意着周围的危险more ears to listen out for danger东北虎也住在这些森林里Siberian tigers also live in these forests但是现在But these days只算关在笼子里的only in captivity整个中国的东北虎There may be less than a dozen可能也不足十二只了wild Siberian tigers left in China尽管繁育中心有许多东北虎though there are many more in breeding centers这个横道河子围场This enclosure of Hengdaohezi从1986年开始繁育虎started breeding tigers in 1986为中国药材市场to supply bones and body parts提供虎骨和虎其他部分for the Chinese medicine market中国在20世纪90年代禁止老虎身体部位的交易Trade in tiger parts was banned in China in the 1990s所以现在的繁育中心and the breeding center成了旅游景点is now just a tourist attraction东北的森林一直延伸到中国俄国以及内蒙古交界The forests of northeast stretch to where the chinese, Russian and Mongolian borders meet这是大批的动物在迁徙Here, a surprising herd of animals is on the move几百年前The reindeer were introduced to china hundreds of years ago驯鹿被来自西伯利亚的鄂温克人by the nomadic Ewenki people传入了中国who came here from Siberia四月的下旬It's late April这位妇女正在召唤驯鹿and the women are calling int heir reindeer这些驯鹿是半野驯鹿which are semi-wild它们在森林里度过了整个冬天and have spent all winter away in the forest.人鹿的关系很特别This a very special relationship每头驯鹿都有自己的名字Each reindeer has its own name许多驯鹿是由这位妇女一手养大的and many were hand-reared by these women分开几个月后他们又聚在一起了finally reunited after months apart他们将一起生活到秋天They will now remain together until autumn这位鄂温克妇女急切地查看动物们的情况The Owenke women are anxious to check the condition of their animals看看哪头驯鹿怀孕了and to see which of the reindeer might be pregnant81岁的Malia Suel81-year old, Malia Suel在寒冷的北方始终过着游牧生活is one of only 30 Owenke people still living their nomadic life过这种生活的鄂温克人只有30个了in these cold northern lands.几乎她所有的族人Almost all her fellow Owenke放弃了森林生活have given up the forest life.搬进了现代城市的钢筋水泥房子里to settle in concrete houses in modern cities .现在放牧驯鹿的人像东北虎那样少了The reindeer herders are now almost as rare as wild Siberian tigers这一家将喜添新丁了There is about to be a new addition to the family.这位妇女像接生婆一样The women act as midwives to the new born calves照料刚出生的鹿仔度过新生helping to nurture them through their first precious minutes of life.但是它们周围的世界日新月异But the world around them is changing fast.他们可能是能承受这种生活的最后一代了This could be the last generation this ancient partnership will endure.这或许就是长城北边的部落民族This is hardly the image of the dangerous tribal people生活的缩影that the Great Wall was built to keep at bay.顺着中国和北朝鲜的边境Along China's border with North Korea有这一地区最著名的山is this region's most famous moutain长白山Changbaishan长白山意思是“长白”Its name means ever white它环抱着世界上最高的火山湖and it harvest the world's higheat volcanic lake尽管在五月中旬这里仍然白雪皑皑Even in mid May there is still ice everywhere这里也有季节变化的征兆but there are signs that the seasons are changing从南边吹来的暖风Warmer winds arrive from the south在几个星期的时间里and within a few short weeks就使长白山发生了变化Changbai Mountain is transformed.水再度自山坡流下Water begins to flow down the mountainside once more润泽了大地replenishing the landscape.六月来了It's June昆虫们准备享用取之不尽的花and insects emerge to take advantage of the abundance of flowers.候鸟迁徙到了温暖的环境里The warm weather sees the arrival of migrant birds在南方过冬的野翁鸟Stonechats that have spent the winter in the south of China回到这里哺育幼鸟return here to raise their chicks周围有丰富的昆虫作为食物With so many insects around野翁鸟可能要生好几窝小鸟呢the stonechats may have several broods 从长白山向西Heading west from Changbai Mountain 森林逐渐变成了起伏的草原the forests give way to rolling grasslands 长城一直延伸到远方The Great Wall stretches off into the distance被看做是内蒙古大草原的南界defining the southern limits of the vast Mongolian steppe长城北面是广阔的草原North of the Wall are huge areas of grassland我们路途中有一个地方很重要but one place on our journey is particularly significant高草丛中In the tall grass赤狐正在哺育幼狐 a family of red foxes is raising its cubs 现在，它们享有这片草原Today, they have this meadow pretty much to themselves但事情并不总是这样的But it wasn't always the case八百年前Eight centuries ago这里应该有丰富的居民this palce would've been teeming with people现在这些距离北京不远的废墟Now these ruins in a field the short distance from Beijing都曾是中国上都are all that remains of the great city of Xanadu大城市上都的遗迹once the summer capital of China在这些残垣断壁之中Within these walls据说蒙古首领it is said that the leader of the Mongolians 伟大的可汗忽必烈曾经欢迎马可波罗来到中国the mighty Kubla Khan welcomed Marco Polo to China蒙古骑士建立了历史上最大的帝国Mongolian warriors established the greatest empire in history一直延伸到欧洲的边界stretching to the borders of Europe由于害怕这个骁勇善战的部落Feared of this worrior tribe is the main reason汉人修建了长城the Han Chinese built the Great Wall蒙古人与马的亲密关系The cornerstone of the Mongolian supremacy是其制霸的基石was their relationship with horses这是他们在战争中获胜的原因This is what brought them such success in war蒙古骑兵在夜晚旅行The Mongolian riders travelled at night由于不顾惜马匹and rode with spare horses他们可以长距离涉敌并能比敌人更迅速地撤退so they could move huge distances strike and then retreat quicker than their opponents蒙古文化的中心是赛马At the heart of the Mongolian culture is horse racing每个七月举行一年一度的那达慕大会The annual Nadam Festival held each July 这是一个让蒙古年轻人展示马术的机会is a chance for young Mongolians to show off their horsemanship据说蒙古人都出生在马鞍上It's said that Mongolian people are born in the saddle甚至连孩子都是造诣深厚的骑手Even as children,they are consummate riders马术不仅是古代蒙古战士Horsemanship was the core of the Mongolian success成功的核心as warriores in the past也是如今游牧生活的必备技能and is central to their lives as nomads today在巴音布鲁克草原In a area of grassland know as Bayanbulak游牧家族开始集合families of nomadic Mongolians are gathering巴音布鲁克的意为“富有的源头”The name, Bayanbulak, means rich headwaters他们来到这里搭建临时住所and they come here to set up temporary homes为了在丰茂的夏季牧场放牧牲口to graze their lifetock on the lush summer pastures为了给牲口寻找新鲜的牧草The search for fresh fodder for their animals他们四处游牧keeps them on the go搬家如此的方便and being able to move home so easily是个实实在在的优势with a real-life vantage蒙古家庭仅需要几分钟It takes only a few minuts for the Monolian family就能搭起他们的蒙古包to set up their yurts .但是蒙古人们并没有独占这块土地But Mongolians don't have this place all to themselves.丰富的资源同样吸引来不计其数的鸟类The rich resources also attracked a huge variety of birds,蓑羽鹤Demoiselle Cranes涉水鸟类和水禽wading birds and waterfowl被从亚洲各个角落吸引迁徙到这里的migrate here from all over Asia河流和湿地drawn to rivers and wetlands在附近的山脉的冰雪融水中觅食fed by glacial melt water from nearby mountains这个地方在中国被称为This place is known in China天鹅湖as Swan Lake这是世界上最重要的大天鹅繁殖地It's the world's most important breeding site for whooperswans当然也毋庸置疑的成为了蚊子的繁殖地and arguably mosquitos as well.天鹅湖的草场为在这里The pastures at Swan Lake provide endless amount of lush grass做巢的鸟儿和在这里觅食的牲口for birds to nest in提供了近乎无尽的丰茂青草and for lifestock to eat似乎每个人都丰衣足食It would seem that's plenty for everybody 但有时候为保舒适也需要保持距离but occasionally they can't get too close for comfort800年前800 years ago当时的蒙古人被认为是世界上最凶悍的民族the Mongolians were the most feared people on Earth但是他们也有着感性的一面but they have a spiritual side as well天鹅湖里的鸟儿们The birds of Swan Lake过着无忧无虑的生活have little cause to worry因为蒙古人保护天鹅The Mongolians protect the swans,崇敬他们and venerate them,称其为——神之使者calling them birds of God随着环境变得越发干燥The Great Wall's journey through northern China continues westward我们长城之旅途经中国北部by setting a landscape that becomes increasingly parched继续向西延伸Our journey has brought us halfway across northern China草原变得炎热and the grasslands are becoming hot干燥dry荒凉and desolate荒地上游荡的生物使这里看来更像非洲而非亚洲Wandering these wastes are creatures that look more African than Asian这些是鹅喉羚These are Goitred Gazelles纤细skittish而易受惊吓and easily startled当受到威胁时它们会像狂奔的马一样快When threatened by danger,但是在这样酷热的环境下But in this intense heat它们享受着平静they favor a gentler pace这里几乎没有积水There is little standing water here但是羚羊有一种非同寻常的能力but the gazelles have remarkable ability 从干草中提取水分to extract moisture from dry grass然而为了找到足够的食物although finding enough worth eating它们不停的移动着keeps them constantly on the move即使在这里在沙漠里Even out here, in the semi-deserts长城仍然进行着它的长征the wall continues its long march这段长城由土凝筑而成Here it's made of a little more than compacted earth但是因为几乎没有降水But with hardly any rain falling数个世纪后的它仍然未遭多少侵蚀it suffered very little erosion over the centuries为了修建它成百上千的人付出了宝贵的生命Hundreds of thousands of people lost their lives building it但看起来它仍然不足以信任Yet it seems hard to believe以至于有人觉得这些遥远的废墟需要防护that anyone felt that these distant wastelands needed protecting但是长城仍然有一个终结的惊奇But the Wall still has one final surprise 这就是嘉峪关This is Jiayuguan这沙漠里强大的碉堡the mighty fortress in the desert600年前建于明朝Built in the Ming dynasty over 600 years ago传说中这座城堡的建造legend says that the construction of the fortress是具有非常严密的计划的was so meticulousily planned以至于专门制作的100,000块砖中that 100,000 bricks were specially made只有一块被弃置不用and only one brick was left unused这座城堡标志着中国长城的结束This fortress marks the end of the Great Wall of China世界上最伟大的人造障碍the greatest man-made barrier on Earth但是在这之前坐落着一个更为可怕的障碍But ahead, lies an even more formidable barrier一个巨大的向西方伸展的沙漠无人地带 a vast no man's land of deserts that stretch westward延伸到亚洲中部边缘to the borders of central Asia嘉峪关的城堡被认为是Jiayuguan fortress was considered中国文明最后的前哨to be the last outpost of Chinese civilization从这一点往更远处坐落着绝对的荒漠Beyond this point, lays utter desolation中国最大的沙漠——塔克拉玛干坐落于此China's largest desert, the Taklamakan lies out here它的名字被翻译成Its name has been translated as有去无回you go in, and you never come out这是一个酷热的地方This is a place of intense heat烈风吹舞着狂沙abrasive wind blown sand完全与生命作对Totally hostile to life虽然有足够勇敢的人们为之冒生命危险Yet, there was a route through the desert但至今仍然没有穿过沙漠的明确路线for those brave enough to risk their lives for it人们为沙漠的恐惧所诱惑People were lured into the horrors of the deserts是因为中国有一个如此强大的because the Chinese had a secret so powerful以至于可以改变历史历程的秘密that it changed the course of history 那个秘密的答案埋藏在遥远的过去The key to that secret lies in the distant past传说Legend has it在5000年前at around 5000 years ago一位公主在她的花园中漫步 a princess was walking in her garden 突然有样不寻常的东西掉进茶杯中when something unusual fell into her teacup一种神奇的纤维从中抽了出来 A magical thread was extracted它比黄金或珠宝更加贵重and it became more prized than gold or jade这种纤维就是丝The thread, was silk这些渺小虫子孕育了无数Incredibly, such a beautiful substance and all the history behind it美丽丝线和引人入胜的传奇故事come from a humble little insect它就是蚕the silkworm蚕蛾每次产下数百个卵Silk moths lay several hundred eggs 而孵化后的小蚁蚕and the tiny caterpillars that emerge 只以桑叶为食eat nothing but mulberry leaves在长达五十天的暴饮暴食之后After 50 days of gluttony他们增重至幼虫体重的一万倍they've grown 10 thousand times heavier然而这个时期But this stage丝腺占了体重的四分之一25 percent of their body mass is made up of silk glands在转化成蛾的过程中In the process of turning into adult moths他们从一条丝开始吐丝成茧they spin a cocoon from a single strand of silk丝长甚至超过千米which can be over a thousand meters long丝质纤维因其超凡韧性和艳丽色泽It was the legendary strength and brightness of silk fibers而广受欢迎that made it so sought-after5000多年来For over 5000 years,人们在纤莹的丝线上编织出巨大的财富people built great fortunes and mighty kingdoms和强大的帝国on these delicate threads.古代商人在沙漠中留下的行商路线And the desert routes those antient traders took成就“丝绸之路”的伟大传说became the fabled Silk Road从生丝中缫丝的原理自发现伊始The principle of extracting raw silk hasn't changed就一直未变since it's discovered将收获的茧倒入沸水中Harvested cocoons are droped into boiling water使细长的丝茧散释开来which unravels the long filaments然后将之收集起来纺成生丝线These are then gathered and spun into raw silk thread在这里——古丝绸之路上的和田Here at Hotan, on the ancient Silk Road纺丝仍然是札札机杼响唧唧复唧唧silk weaving is still a cottage industry 的传统作坊式手工业dumbly old-fashioned way on wooden looms古代丝绸之路的商人面临的最大问题For the ancient Silk Road traders是怎样将贵重的丝绸越过嘉峪关穿过沙漠the problem was still how to get the valuable silk from the fortress at Jiayuguan运到中亚甚至更远的集市上through the deserts to markets of central Asia and beyond这些沿丝绸之路向西的商旅Those early travellers heading west on the Silk Road穿越世间最艰险贫瘠的土地were setting off on the worst voyage imaginable踏上了难以想象的艰辛旅途through some of the most terrible places on Earth始于世界沙丘之巅的Starting with the world's tallest sand dunes烈风自西狂卷而来strong winds whipping in from the west使沙丘变得更高load the sand into ever higher dunes千年的光阴Over millennia孕育了无数的巨大沙丘mega-dunes build up和众多高耸的沙墙walls of sands soaring to over 500m tall骆驼是唯一适应这些巨大沙丘的驮畜camels are the only beasts of burden that tackle these monstrous dunes他们脚掌很宽向外张开后可防止陷入流沙之中Their feet are wide and splay outwards to stop them sinking in loose sand聚沙成丘的烈风The wind that whips the sand into dunes塑造了中国西部沙漠千奇百怪的地貌has created other bizarre shapes in China's western deserts这种神秘莫测的巨型结构Mysterious giant structures被称为雅丹风蚀地貌known as yardangs它由飞沙雕刻而成were sculpted by flying sand风还会给沙漠中的商旅带来其他危险The wind brought other hazards to travellers in these deserts马可·波罗写到Marco Polo wrote有时迷途的商旅会听到远离正途处传来sometimes the stray travelers will hear the tramp and hum宛如大型马队般嘈杂的行旅声of a great cavalcade of people away from the real line of march并误以为是他们的同伴and taking this to be their own company 而跟随着声音的踪迹前去寻找they will follow the sound当破晓降临他们会发现一切不过是个骗局And when day breaks they find that a cheat has been put on them自己仍深陷困境and that they are in an ill plight至今为止To this day没有人知道缘何沙漠中的小片沙地会no one knows what causes the sands in some parts of the desert意外下陷to sink无怪乎商旅们称此地为No wonder travellers call this place神怒fury of God与死海and sea of death但最严重的问题莫过于水源匮乏But the most severe problem was lack of water这个地方如此干涸的原因The reason this place is so intensely dry 从卫星上得以一目了然can best be appreciated from a satellite view中国的沙漠是地球上最为远离海洋的地方China's deserts are the farthest place on Earth from any ocean水的缺乏造就了塔克拉玛干沙漠This lack of water is what created the Taklamakan这片几乎与德国等大的区域是世界上最大的流沙沙漠an area the size of Germany covered in sand dunes through which the Silk Road traversed这里遍布沙丘丝绸之路贯穿其中This is the world's largest shifting sand desert大多数生物在此难以存活Most living would die here但骆驼却对适应沙漠环境得天独厚but the camel is uniquely equipped for desert survival它的鼻子可在吸入时加湿Its nose humidifies the dry desert air as it breathe in呼出时除湿then dehumidifies it in the way out锁住珍贵水分conserving precious water浓密的驼毛在夜间可以保暖The camel's thick fur keeps it warm at night在白天可以反射阳光while reflecting sunlight by day它的身体在增温6°以内And its body temperature can rise by 6 degree Celsius不会出汗before it even begins to sweat靠着这些调节他们可以不喝水前行数日With these adaptationsthey can go for days without drinking穿越沙漠对于驼队而言For the camel trains travel through the desert就是从一个生命的绿洲走向下一个is about moving between one life-saving oasis and the next当他们终于到达水源地When they finally do reach a drinking hole骆驼能在10分钟内喝掉60公升水camels can drink up to 60 liters of water in ten minutes没有了绿洲塔克拉玛干沙漠便丧失了生命的可能Without oasis life in the Taklamakan“穿越”一词也只会成为遥不可及的字眼couldn't existand travel would be impossible沙漠之中无人永生But nothing is permanent in the desert伴随着极端气候下流沙的是The shifting sands on the extreme climate mean珍贵的水源随时消失的可能性that these precious water sources can disappear正如艾丁湖This is exactly what happened in the Aydingkol Lake这个湖床是世界第二最低地The lake bed is the second lowest place on Earth海拔-154米at 154 meters below sea level这里是中国最热的地方It's the hottest place in China有记录的空气温度最高达50摄氏度with air temperatures recorded as high as 50 degree Celsius地表温度高达80摄氏度and ground temperatures up to 80 degrees然而艾丁湖不远处就有一个令人称奇地方Yet not far from Aydingkol is a surprise一个沙漠中繁荣的人类聚居地 a thriving human settlement in the desert吐鲁番绿洲This is Turpan Oasis它以品质出众的特产而驰名中国And it's famous in China for an unexpected product这就是葡萄grapes为何如此需水的植物却能在沙漠中But how on Earth can a water-hungry crop grow in such abundance获得丰收in a desert？秘密就在地下The secret lies below ground一种被称为坎儿井的地下水渠网 A subterranean network of canals known as karez引导着水源在吐鲁番街道之间流动is used to channel water around Turpan streets并将之引入美丽的庭院当中and into raving yards但水从何而来But where does the water come from? 线索就掩埋在荒漠之中The clue lies on the desert floor在这些标志着地下水路的洞穴所连成的线上in these lines of holes which mark the course of the subterranean water ways两千多年前Over 2 millennia ago当地人挖掘了长达3000多千米的local people carved more than 3000km of地下水渠these canals beneath the desert将水从远处的山上引来diverting water from the distant mountains在地下引水Channeling the flow underground可以减少水在沙漠酷热下的蒸发量means that less water is lost to evaporation in the desert heat八月是收获葡萄的季节In August the grapes are harvested 这神的恩赐是如此的引人注目This rich bounty has not go unnoticed 引得在吐鲁番葱郁葡萄园中逍遥生活的动物垂涎欲滴In the lush vineyards of Turpan one animal misses thriving红尾巴沙鼠是种抗旱而强韧的沙漠生命Red-tailed gerbils are hardy desert creatures但他们从未如同在吐鲁番般生活的逍遥自在But those in Turpan have never had it so good葡萄摘下后Once the grapes have been picked一部分会在集市上卖掉some are sold in the market但绝大部分被挂在荫房中风干but most are hung up to dry in the special drying houses任何啮齿动物都无法抗拒这种诱惑This place is far too tempting for any rodent to resist红尾巴沙鼠是个攀爬好手Red-tailed gerbils are excellent climbers但面对免费But why bother的馈赠还有谁会when there is plenty of bounty lying around on the ground迟疑放过呢unguarded吐鲁番的野生生物和人不是在单方面Rather than suffering the extreme environment in which they live承受着自然的严苛和暴虐The wild life and people of Turban而是以新方式面对北地恶劣的自然环境have found innovative ways to cope with conditions beyond the Wall但并非所有聚居地都像吐鲁番一样富饶But not all desert communities world as resourceful as Turpan这里和中国西部边境之间Between here and China's western borders有许多宏伟城市的遗迹lie the ruins of many great cities他们曾经拥有自己的辉煌时代In their day they were vibrant thriving palces但到了第五世纪But in the fifth century丝绸之路逐渐萧条没落the Silk Road fortunes took a turn for the worse又是一个有关公主的故事Once again, a princess was involved她将蚕偷偷地带出中国She smuggled silkworm eggs out of china丝绸不再是一个秘密The secret of silk was a secret no more 中国对此暴利贸易的垄断被强制终止And China's stranglehold on this lucrative trade was over马可波罗13世纪踏上丝绸之路之时Even when Marco Polo passed along the Silk Road in the 13th century许多城市就已然消失了many of these cities had been dead500多年for over 500 years丝绸之路上最负盛名的城市却挣扎着生存了下来But the Silk Road's most famous city managed to survive在沙漠尽头的山峦脚下Where the desert ends beneath vast mountain ranges中国与中亚五国毗邻之地China's westernmost point is only a stone's throw from the borders of five central Asian countries这里就是中西交汇的喀什This is Kashgar where east meets west丝绸之路止于这个至今仍然进行丝绸贸易的地方The silk that travelled along the Silk Road ended up here where it is still traded today喀什以露天集市闻名Kashgar is famous for selling everything under the sun当地的周末集市The local Sunday market是亚洲地区最大最丰富的市集之一is one of Asia's largest and most exuberant gatherings但是环顾四周But looking around the market你会怀疑自己是否真的置身中国it's hard to believe you are actually in China喀什地区是个少数民族大熔炉Kashgar is a melting pot of non-Chinese ethnic people维吾尔塔吉克吉尔吉斯乌兹别克以及其他民族汇聚此地Uyghurs, Tajiks, Kirghiz, Uzbeks and many others我们深入中国北地Here, our journey heads northwards原始地区的旅程开始了into one of China's wildest places离开了喀什和丝绸之路Leaving Kashgar and the Silk Road behind我们一路来到天山we travel into the Tianshan或称天国之山or heavenly mountains.这座伟岸的山脉坐落于This great mountain range defines the border中国最西北省区between China's most northwestern province与塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦的边境交汇处and neighboring Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan他的宏伟顶峰几乎逼近喜马拉雅山巅峰Its majestic peaks are nearly as high as the Himalayas形成了一座天然长城Forming a natural great wall尽管常年冰雪覆盖For much of the year it's bound up in ice 但她的冰川融水却为常绿森林的成长提供了丰足的水源But the glacial melt water allows evergreen forests to grow与南部沙漠遥相呼应 a far cry from the desert south of here这些山脉成为了深入These mountains are the gateway中国最神奇居民及其家乡的大门to some of China's most surprising people and places在丘陵山谷地带In the upland valleys一户哈萨克族人正在高山草甸上进行a family of Kazakhs has been grazing their livestock all summer进行家畜的夏季放牧on the lush <u>alpine meadows到了秋天It's autumn冬雪在短短几周内便会封锁山路in a few weeks' time, winter snows will seal the mountain passes因此哈萨克人决定So the Kazakhs have decided在还来得及的情况下尽早收拾行李踏上旅程to break camp and move while they still can离开高山草甸Turning their backs on the mountain pastures前方等待他们的是数周一成不变乏味烂熟的旅行线路they have many long weeks of travel ahead of them along well worn trails目的地和天山丰茂的牧场The destination could hardly be more different并没有太大区别from the heavenly mountain's lush pastures。

The Bubbling Chinese Giant SalamanderIn the east of China, near the Yellow Sea in Jiangsu, there’s a magical island situated a little way off the province’s 765 kilometers of coastline. Covering an area of less than 0.2 square kilometers, Qinshan Island is 1000 meters long from east to west, and 200 meters in width. From the air, the island looks for all the world like a giant Chinese salamander, with a huge bulbous head. Qinshan Island is about 15 kilometers off the coast, and is one of the few coastal islands in Jiangsu province. In the past, the island has been ten times its size today. However, thousands of years of erosion has seen the rock consumed by the sea little by little, eventually spitting out this small fish-like island. The long tail of this “fish” appears and disappears at regular intervals with the rise and fall of the tides. It is 2.6 kilometers long and has existed for at least 2000 years. The divine Path of Qinshan Island was formed by the action of the tides against this gravel island. The shores were gradually worn away and eventually collapsed. The debris drifted in the currents round to the south side of the island and was gradually deposited under the water line for a stretch of over 10 kilometers. The rise and fall of the sea level over time has helped form a mound composed of gravel and debris. This mound is 2.6 kilometers long and extends from the island towards the land. Mounds like this can be seen all along the east coast of China. However, it is very rare for a small island with an area od less than 0.2 square kilometers to have such feature several times longer and wider than island itself. It is known as the longest natural avenue at sea in China. As the tide retreats, the Divine Path reappears in the sea. Those who tread this path seem to be walking on an infinity of water.The City of the Banyan TreeFuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province in the southeast China, has a well-known nickname “the city of the Banyan Tree”. The artificial planting od banyan trees has been underway in Fuzhou since the end of the Tang Dynasty. Meaning, banyan trees have been planted in Fuzhou for thousands of years. Especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Boyu, the governor of the state, advocated that “the whole city should be green, and no parasols should be needed in the summer”. And so, Fuzhou gained the reputation of “The City of the Banyan Tree”. Banyan trees are evergreen with luxuriant branches and leaves. There are nearly one thousand ancient banyan trees in Fuzhou, which have come to symbolize the spirit of the city. The thousand-year-old banyan tree in Fuzhou NationalForest Park is known as the largest banyan tree in Fuzhou. With a height of 20 meters and the ground projection area of the canopy more than 1330 square meters, this tree is truly spectacular. When spring comes, about half of its crown sprouts first, and when the old leaves gradually fall off, the other half of the crown begins to sprout, forming a pleasant scene with distinct layers and different colors. According to experts, this banyan tree is likely to be two trees growing in one. And because Ficus concinna has no clinging roots that reach the ground, in order to support the heavy horizontal trunk, and avoid the trunk breaking, the craftsmen of the forest park have built concrete columns in the shape of clinging roots to support the trunk of the banyan tree which is extending outwards, year by year. This king of Banyan Trees grows by the lake. In the scorching sun, the lake reflects the luxuriant branches and leaves of this ancient banyan tree, providing great shade for local people.The Colorful Pool Group under MountThe Hengduan Mountains, located in southwestern China, offer some of the most magnificent scenery in the country. The main peak is called Mount Gongga. On the west slope of the mountain, at an altitude of about 4000 meters, there is a large calcification pool group, locally called Quanhuatan. This group of calcification pool under Mount Gongga is hidden in a valley surrounded by mountains on the three sides. Large tracts of white calcified soil have tumbled down from nearby hill, extending to the bottom of the valley and creating a colorful calcified pool. At 4300 meters above sea level, there is a hot spring spouting 1.5 meters high, with always around 30 degrees. It is the main source of water for Yulongxi Quanhuatan. More than 900 meters long and 100 meters wide, the Quanhuatan has 8 Quanhua terraces down the mountain. There are more than a dozen colorful pools of different sizes and shapes on each terrace. The various aquatic plants and hynobius salamanders in the colorful pond bring endless vitality to this ancient geological wonder. And the algae of various colors at the bottom of the pond makes the pool water even more colorful.The Guardian of the Desert: Populus EuohraticaPopulus Euphratica is the only tree species to be found in the desert of North China. In Ejina in the west of Inner Mongolia, there’s a populus euphratica. As the oldest tree in this populuseuphratica forest, it’ been guarding this place for more than 800 years. The locals call it the “scared tree”. Dinosaurs died out about 65 million years ago. Then a new species appeared along the ancient Mediterranean Sea. That’s the Populus Euphrartica. Seasonally flooded river beds in Gobi desert are perfect for the Populus Euphratica. Where there is water, the Populus Euphratica grows.Populus Euphratica loves water, but it also highly resistant to drought. As long as the groundwater is at least 4 meters below, Populus Euphratica can live comfortably. If the groundwater level drops below 9 meters, it will die. Because the course of the desert rivers change frequently, Populus Euphratica has left its mark across the desert. It acts a good windbreak, present sand erosion, and is salt resistant. And adult Populus Euphratica can discharge tens of kilograms of salt and alkali every year. When the wind is blocked, the sand is fixed, and the soil is improved. So the ecological environment of Ejina is protected. To the south of the Populus Euphratica forest in Ejina, lies Badain Jaran, the third largest desert in China. Without this 260 square kilometer Populus Euphratica forest, the Badain Jaran Desert, already 49200 square kilometers in size, would spread northward, squeezing the living space of humans. These Populus Euphratica trees form a golden natural barrier, guarding the ecology of Ejina year after year, from another 800 years.The Hometown of the Red Pine TreeIn the northeast of China, a dense forest grows in the low mountains and hills, known as the Xiaoxing’an Mountains. People call it the hometown of red pine tree. The Xiaoxing’an Mountains cover a vast area and have a long geological history of about 600 million years. Trilobite and dinosaur fossils have been unearthed in many places. Archaeological research shows that it was originally an ocean, and formed by sea and land changes over hundreds of millions of years. When is comes to the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, we have to mention the red pine tree. Its pine nuts are edible and can be used to make oil. Its wood is light, soft, delicate and rot-resistant. However, its economic value is far less than its ecological value. Every hectare of the red pine forest can absorb 13 tons of carbon dioxide and emit 9.5 tons of oxygen every year. It can also fix the soil and prevent soil erosion. Wild animals such as black bears, wild boars and squirrels in the forest often eat the pine nuts. Squirrels like to store their pine nuts in different places as they prepare for the winter. But they have poor memory and often forget where they have put these nuts. These forgotten pine nuts sproutin the spring, helping the red pine tree expand its territory. In addition to the red pine tree, there are many different kinds of trees in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains. Every autumn, these trees display the beautiful colors of nature.The Longevity BirdIn China, the red-crowned crane is regarded as a very special animal. According to zoologists, individual cranes can live to be 20 to 30 years of age. For the Chinese, it is often associated with luck, fidelity, and long life. In eastern China’s coastal city of Yancheng red-crowned cranes arrive each year for the winter. Among China’s extensive large bird population, its known for its elegance. This graceful creature has white feathers, a red crown on its head, and a beautiful and elegant posture. Red-crowned cranes are monogamous. They have strict needs when it comes to their living environment. They will only breed when the natural habitat is friendly. Compared with their breeding grounds thousands of miles away to the north, the water here never completely freezes over in winter. It’s full of food. And they can hide among the reeds. But this longevity bird, so cherished by the Chinese people, is endangered because its natural habitat is fast disappearing, with only about 2000 left in the world. 1000 of them migrate to Yancheng. And overwinter each year in the vast wetlands here. This is the largest group of red-crowned cranes in the world that continues to migrate. Thanks to local efforts in wetland protection and scientific measures to better look after this national treasure, the number of the red-crowned cranes in now rising. The Yancheng wetland has become a paradise for red-crowned cranes. Ensuring the longevity birds enjoy a long life on this planet.。

美丽中国每一集的主要内容第一集：《大自然的魅力》第一集的节目主要展示了中国各地的自然风光，从神奇的喀斯特地貌到壮丽的山河，从丰富多彩的植被到众多的野生动物，都展现了大自然的魅力。

通过这一集，观众可以领略到中国自然风光的丰富多样性，也可以更加了解到中国的生态环境之美。

第二集：《人文历史的传承》第二集的节目主要围绕中国的人文历史展开，从古老的城堡和寺庙到传统的手工艺品和民俗文化，展现了中国古老而丰富的历史遗产。

通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国历史文化的传承和发展，也可以领略到中国人民对传统文化的热爱和保护。

第三集：《美食文化的魅力》第三集的节目主要介绍了中国的美食文化，从各地特色的美食到传统的烹饪技艺，展现了中国丰富多样的美食文化。

通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国饮食文化的博大精深，也可以领略到中国人民对美食的热爱和追求。

第四集：《生态环境的保护》第四集的节目主要讲述了中国的生态环境保护工作，从自然保护区的建设到植被恢复的实践，展现了中国人民对生态环境的重视和保护。

通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国在生态环境保护方面的努力和成就，也可以更加关注到自然环境保护的重要性。

第五集：《地域文化的多样性》第五集的节目主要介绍了中国各地地域文化的多样性，从民俗艺术表演到地方特色的文化传统，展现了中国各地独特而丰富的地域文化。

通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国各地文化的多样性和丰富性，也可以领略到中国各地人民对自己文化的热爱和传承。

第六集：《未来的希望》第六集的节目主要展望了中国未来的发展和希望，从生态文明建设到文化创新发展，展现了中国人民对未来的美好向往和不懈努力。

通过这一集，观众可以了解到中国未来的发展方向和目标，也可以更加关注到中国的未来发展和进步。

通过以上介绍，《美丽中国》每一集都通过精彩的画面和深入的讲述，将中国的美丽之处展现给观众，也让观众更加了解中国，更加关注自然环境的保护和人文历史的传承。

希望这档纪录片可以为观众带来美好的视听享受，也可以激发观众对中国的热爱和关注，让我们共同努力，建设美丽的中国。