SHF相位匹配电缆

© October 2013 VERSITRON, Inc. 83 Albe Drive / Suite C Newark, DE 19702 F2238A and F2245AFiber-OpticEIA-530/MIL-STD-188-114 ModemTechnical ManualRevision CPROPRIETARY DATAAll data in this manual is proprietary and may not be disclosed,used or duplicated, for procurement or manufacturing purposes,without prior written permission by VERSITRON.VERSITRON LIFETIME WARRANTYAll VERSITRON products are covered by a Lifetime Warranty against defects in materials and workmanship. This coverage is applicable to the original purchaser and is not transferable.We repair, or at our option, replace parts/products that, during normal usage and operation, are proven to be defective during the time you own the products, provided that said products and parts are still manufactured and/or available. Such repair/replacement is subsequent to receipt of your product at our facility and our diagnostic evaluation and review of the unit. Advance replacements are not provided aspart of the warranty coverage.This warranty does not cover damage to products caused by misuse, mishandling, power surges, accident, improper installation, neglect, alteration, improper maintenance, or other causes which are not normal and customary applications of the products and for which they were not intended. No other warranty is expressed or implied, and VERSITRON is not liable for direct, indirect, incidental orconsequential damages or losses.In the unlikely event a warranty issue should arise, simply contact us at 302-894-0699 or 1-800-537-***************************************************************************(RMA)number,along with instructions for returning your product.1 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT1.1 INTRODUCTIONThis manual provides general and detailed information on the installation and operation of Model F2238A and F2245A FOM II Series RS-530 High-Speed Fiber OpticModems. Section 1 contains a general description of the equipment. Section 2 containsinstallation instructions. Section 3 contains operating instructions. Section 4 providesthe theory of operation. Section 5 contains maintenance and troubleshooting information.Figure 1 and Figure 2 show front and rear views of these modems.Figure 1: Front ViewFigure 2: Rear View1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT1.2.1 Functional CharacteristicsModel F2238A and F2245A modems are high-speed modems that allow the full duplex transmission of data, clock and a control signal (data terminal ready (DTR), data set ready/data carrier detect (DSR/DCD)) over fiber optic cable. Table 4 shows the modem link configuration.The fiber circuit consists of two modems connected by two fiber optic strands with data rates and electrical signal characteristics that conform to EIA RS-530 and MIL-STD-188-114 balanced/unbalanced standards. The modems provide synchronous or asynchronous datatransmission at speeds up to 10 Mbps. The link is fully transparent in both directions and is data agile. The F2238A is for use with muti-mode fiber and utilizes and 850nm SFP fiber optic module with LC connectors. The F2245A is for use with single-mode fiber and utilizes a 1310nm SFP fiber optic module with LC connectors. Basically, model F2238A and F2245A modems operate as two channel multiplexers/modems. For high-speed synchronous operation the first channel is used for data and the second for transmit clock. The data channel may be used for data in low-speed, asynchronous operation at less than 100 Kbps.1.2.2 Physical CharacteristicsModel F2238A and F2245A modems measure 7 x 1 x 11 in. WxHxL (17.8 x 2.5 x27.9 cm). They are designed to be mounted in VERSITRON’s FOM II Series HFenclosures and chassis (see Table 1). Model HF-1 (single card) desktop enclosures areavailable for standalone applications. Standard 19" rack mountable options include modelsHF-2SS (2-slot) and HF-20A (20-slot) chassis. Each modem installed in models HF-1 orHF-2SS requires its own V AC to VDC power adapter. Each power adapter uses the one-pin connector on the back of the modem for power input. (Customer provided power maybe supplied to the modem using the same one-pin connector.) When installed into the HF-20A chassis model AC300WR power supply is used to provide power to the chassis and tothe modems. Power is provided from the AC300WR power supply to the HF-20A chassisvia model HF-CA3 power interface cable where it is then distributed to any FOM II Seriesmodem installed in the chassis. Power redundancy is included with the AC300WR powersupply with two separate AC input cables provided for power input from separate V ACsources. The RS-530 copper interface is a female DB25 connector and is located on theback of the modem. The fiber optic interface, also located on the back of the modem,consists of an SFP cage which is populated with an SFP fiber optic module. Model F2238Aand F2245A Modems have seven indicator LEDs (see Figure 1): power on (PWR), alarmindicator (ALM), transmit data present (TXD), receive data present (RXD), transmit clockpresent (TXC), receive clock present (RXC), and loop-back indicator (LOOP).Table 1: Dimensions of Enclosures and Chassis*² Note: One Power Supply per Modem required.1.3 Modem Specification:1.3.1 General Specifications:1.3.2 Electrical Interface:1.3.3 Fiber-Optic Interface:F2238A: multi-mode 850nm LC connectors, 2km.F2245A: single-mode 1310nm LC connectors, 10km.1.3.4 Major Features:2 INSTALLATION2.1 GENERALThis section contains detailed information on the installation and initial checkout of the F2238A and F2245A EIA-530 Modem. Section 2.2 contains general information on site selection and mounting. Section 2.3 contains the description for selecting different options on the Modem.Sections 2.4 and 2.5 contain detailed instructions for connecting Model F2238A and F2245A products to your system. Section 2.6 contains initial checkout procedures.2.2 SITE SELECTION AND MOUNTINGThe Model F2238A and F2245A products are designed to be used as an interface extender for EIA-530 and MIL-STD-188-114 standard protocols. When connecting the F2238A and F2245A to a DCE or DTE device, the copper and fiber-optic cable should be securely installed so as to prevent accidental disconnection. Care should be taken to ensure that the copper and fiber-optic cables are not mechanically separated from the Modem during operation. When installed in either desktop chassis or in the dual-card rack-mount chassis, space for the power transformer must also be provided.2.3 SWITCH AND JUMPER SETTINGSThere are ten switches provided for configuration of selectable options. Switch locations are shown in Figure 3. Switch settings are as follows:2.3.1 Modem Configuration SettingsTable 2: S1 Switch SettingsTable 3: S2 to S9 Switch SettingsThe switch SW10 is located on the front panel of the modem. This switch enables a local loop of all modem circuitry before the fiber-optic module when in the on position. The loop indicator will be illuminated when this switch is in the ON position. Note: The ALM indicator with be illuminated when the loop switch is enabled.Figure 3: Switch and Connector Locations2.4 POWER REQUIREMENTSThe F2238A and F2245A products are designed to operate from an AC power transformer or a DC power source in the range of +10 to +16 VDC.2.4.1 Installation with AC PowerBefore inserting the VERSITRON power transformer, PSAC08 (US) or PSAC09 (EUR), into an AC power source, the plug should be connected to the Modem. There are no special tools required.2.4.2 Installation with DC PowerDC power may be used instead of a power transformer. This requires a 2.5 mm socket, J3(location shown in Figure 3) with the positive voltage on the center and the common on the concentric supplying 12VDC at 1.0A as shown below (Figure 4):Figure 4: DC Power Supply Connection2.5 INTERFACE WIRINGTable 4 and Table 5 list the interface wiring for the F2238A and F2245A Modems.A female DB25 connector is used as shown in Table 4. The modular connector (J3) is wired inparallel with the 12-pin connector (P1) for power. When installing the modem in a standalone or dual-card rack-mount chassis, a power transformer is plugged into modular jack (J3). When installing the F2238A and F2245A Modems in a 20-card rack-mount chassis (HF20A) with optional power supplies (AC300WR) the 12-pin connector (P1) is used. Wiring for the 12-pin connector is shown in Table 5. Illustration 3 identifies the locations for the 12-pin power connector (P1) and modular power jack (J3).Table 4: F2238A and F2245A Data InterfaceReceive Data (A)<—<—Transmit Data (A)Receive Data (B)<—<—Transmit Data (B)Receive Clock (A)<—<—Terminal Timing (A)Receive Clock (B)<—<—Terminal Timing (B)Transmit Data (A)—>—>Receive Data (A)Transmit Data (B)—>—>Receive Data (B)Terminal Timing (A)—>—>Receive Clock (A)Terminal Timing (B)—>—>Receive Clock (B)Signal Ground<—><—>Signal GroundData Set Ready (A)*<——>Data Set Ready (A)*Data Set Ready(B)*<——>Data Set Ready (B)*Data Terminal Ready (A)**—><—Data Terminal Ready (A)**Data Terminal Ready (B)**—><—Data Terminal Ready (B)**Carrier Detect (A)*<—<—Carrier Detect (A)*Carrier Detect (B)*<—<—Carrier Detect (B)*Frame Ground<—><—>Frame GroundLOCAL MODEM DCE DTE REMOTE MODEM* Produced by local modem, not received from remote modem.** Signal not physically passed, used to control signal flow through local modem.Table 5: (P1) Chassis Power/Alarm Wiring2.5.1 Fiber-Optic Cable InstallationAfter the electrical and digital interface cables have been wired according to sections 2.4and 2.5 , make sure the SFP module is firmly seated into the SFP cage (Z1) and attach the fiber-optic cable to it (see Figure 3 for location of Z1). The SFP module slides into the RFI Cage label side up. There will be a slight click when it locks into place. After the SFP module is installed the fiber-optic cable can be installed. The cable must be an LC type connection. The cable should be oriented with the thumb tab at the top, when completely inserted the tabs will click into place.2.6 INITIAL CHECKOUT PROCEDUREF2238A and F2245A Modems contain no power on/off switch. Once power is connected the modem will go through its power-up sequence, when the Power LED (see Figure 1) is lit the modem is ready for use. Before beginning system operation check the following to verify proper installation:1.Verify that the power plug is seated fully into the modem or the modem is seated fully in therack-mount enclosure (HF20A).2.Verify that the fiber cable is connected on each end.3.Verify that the Alarm LED (see Figure 1) is not lit when the fiber-optic cable is connected andthe units, both local and remote, are powered.DSR/DTR must be asserted or forced via S1-7.If a malfunction is detected during the initial checkout procedure, refer to Section 5 for information on isolating the malfunction in the unit.3 OPERATION3.1 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter contains a description of the operating controls and indicators associated with the F2238A and F2245A Modems. Since the F2238A and F2245A are designed for continuous and uninterrupted operation, there are no setting requirements after the unit is operational. Once the Modem is powered up it should remain in service as long as required.3.2 STATUS INDICATORSThere are 7 indicators on the F2238A and F2245A: Power Status(Power), Alarm, Transmit Data(TXD), Receive Data(RXD), Transmit Clock(TXC), Receive Clock(RXC), and Loop-back(LOOP) (see Table 6 for descriptions).Table 6: Status Indicators4 THEORY OF OPERATION4.1 INTRODUCTIONThe F2238A and F2245A are EIA-530/MIL-STD-188-114 standard modems which can be configured as either Data Communications Equipment (DCE) or Data Terminal Equipment(DTE). These modems are designed to be used in pairs as a transparent interface extension overa fiber-optic link. These units are housed in VERSITRON FOM II chassis: HF1, HF2SS andHF20A. Chassis descriptions are found in section 1.2.2 .4.2 POWER SUPPLY AND ALARM CIRCUITRY4.2.1 Power Supply CircuitWhen 12VDC is applied to the circuit, the unit should draw approximately 100mA. The unit has a switching power supply circuit, which converts 12V to 3.3VDC, and 1.2VDC. .4.2.2 Alarm CircuitThis unit does not have an alarm circuit. Therefore, the Alarm signal on the AC300WR will not be driven by this unit.4.3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONThe unit consists of the following circuits:4.3.1 - Logic Conversion4.3.2 - FPGA (Mux/Demux)4.3.3 - Fiber-Optic Transceiver Circuit4.3.1 Logic ConversionThere is a transceiver chipset that converts the EIA-530 interface signals to logic level signals for processing and transmission over the fiber-optic link.4.3.2 FPGA (Mux/Demux)The FPGA is used to multiplex/demultiplex the RS interface signals from the chipset for transmission over the fiber-optic link. The FPGA is a proprietary VERSITRON design that provides serial conversion and synchronization of the EIA-530 interface signals on the fiber-optic link.4.3.3 Fiber-Optic Transceiver CircuitFiber-optic communications are handled by the SFP module. The power for this module is isolated from the other power circuits through filters. This helps reduce the supply noise being coupled into the SFP module. The SFP interfaces directly with the FPGA.5 MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING5.1 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter contains general information designed to isolate a malfunction in the Models F2238A and F2245A to a replaceable unit. These units are not equipped with redundancy.Therefore, a failure in one of these units will interrupt service.5.2 FAULT ISOLATIONThe steps in Table 7 should be taken to check a non-operating modem. Contact VERSITRON Customer Service for additional diagnostic assistance or to arrange for repair as necessary.Table 7: Non-Operational Indicators。

汽车用电器熔断器及连接导线间的匹配设计电器系统在汽车中扮演着至关重要的角色，其质量和可靠性直接影响着汽车性能和安全性。

熔断器是电器系统的关键部件之一，其作用是在系统受到过大电流冲击时，通过断开电路来保护系统不受损坏，从而起到保护汽车和乘客的作用。

因此，熔断器的选择和连接导线的匹配设计至关重要。

首先，选择正确的熔断器是设计的第一步。

要选择符合汽车电气系统要求的，稳定可靠的熔断器。

熔断器的电流容量必须与电气系统的电流要求相匹配。

如果熔断器的电流容量太小，可能因系统中的过大电流而导致熔断器的熔丝烧断，从而使电器系统无法正常工作；如果熔断器的电流容量太大，则可能会导致熔断器在系统故障时无法断开电路，从而导致电气设备的过载损坏，甚至引起火灾。

因此，在选择熔断器时，要仔细了解汽车电气系统的电流要求，确保选取正确的熔断器。

其次，熔断器与连接导线之间的匹配设计也很关键。

连接导线与熔断器之间的截面积必须匹配。

如果熔断器和连接导线之间的截面积不匹配，会导致电线过热，引起线路失火。

为了保证汽车电气系统的安全可靠，连接导线的厚度和长度也必须得到适当的考虑。

如果连接导线太细，则无法承受过载电流，从而导致线路烧断，影响整个汽车系统的正常工作。

一般而言，连接导线的选择应遵循以下原则：1.必须匹配电气设备的功率和电流；2.必须选择符合要求的导线材料，在保证导线功能的同时可靠性能；3.导线的长度应符合要求，且应保证导线不承受系统过载电流。

如果导线太长，会增加电气系统的电阻，从而降低系统效率，影响汽车性能和安全。

总之，汽车电气系统中的熔断器和连接导线之间的匹配设计是确保汽车电气系统正常工作、安全可靠的重要环节。

因此，在设计汽车电气系统时，必须考虑电气设备的功率、电流、导线的截面积、材料、长度等因素，并合理选择熔断器和连接导线。

只有在这些方面合理匹配的情况下，汽车电气系统才能实现高效稳定的工作，为汽车的性能和安全保驾护航。

在实际的汽车电气系统中，熔断器和连接导线的匹配设计是非常重要的。

第三章 配線基本配線圖交流電機驅動器配線部份，分為主回路及控制回路。

用戶必須依照下列之配線回路確實連接。

下圖為VFD-S 出廠時交流電機驅動器的標準配線圖。

若僅用數字控制面板操作時，只有主回路端子配線（For VFDXXXSXXA/B/D ）Ω以下Ω以下Ω)模擬輸出∼DC 010V*2*若為單相機種則主回路端子可任選個端子作為輸入電源端單相機種可輸入三相電源Ω)模擬輸出∼DC 010VΩΩ 120W*2*若為單相機種則主回路端子可任選個端子作為輸入電源端單相機種可輸入三相電源Ω)模擬輸出∼DC 010VΩΩ 120W系統配線Power SupplyMagnetic contactorFUSE/NFB電源請依照使用手冊中額定電源規格供電。

無熔絲開關或漏電斷路器電源開啟時可能會有較大之輸入電流。

請參照下表選用適當之無熔絲開關或漏電斷路器。

電磁接觸器請勿將電磁接觸器作為交流馬達驅動器之電源開關，因為其將會降低交流馬達驅動器之壽命。

交流電抗器當輸出容量大於時，建議加裝一交流電抗器以改善功率因子。

配線距離需在以內。

1000kVA 10m 電磁干擾濾波器加裝電磁干擾濾波器可降低電磁干擾，是用之台達電磁干擾濾波器型號如下：適用於適用於16DKT1W3S VFD002S/004S/007S21A;VFD002S/004S11A10TDT1W4S VFD002S/004S/007S23ADC Reactor （直流電抗器）請確定依照使用手冊安裝直流電抗器，以避免傷害交流馬達驅動器。

Braking Resistor （煞車電阻）他能吸收馬達因回升所產生的能量。

請依附錄選用。

附表:無熔絲開關選定一覽表 機種/電源/NFB單相115VAC單相230VAC三相230VAC三相460VAC0.18kW/0.25HP 15A 15A 10A0.4kW/0.5HP 30A 20A 10A 10A控制端子配線圖（出廠設定）RARB RC M01MCM繼電器接點輸出出廠設定：故障指示光耦合輸出出廠設定：運轉中VR 1k 5k ：〜滿刻度電壓表6~1RJ-11通信接口Wire Gauge: 24-12 AWG Wire Type: Copper OnlyTorque: 4 kgf-cm (3.5 in-lbf)滿刻度電壓表VR Wire Gauge: 24-16 AWG Wire Type: Copper OnlyTorque: 2 kgf-cm (1.7 in-lbf)端子標示說明端子記號 端子功能說明 規格RA ﹣RC 多功能指示信號輸出接點 翻閱參數3-06說明 RB ﹣RC 多功能指示信號輸出接點 繼電器 (RELAY) 接點輸出 MO1 ﹣MCM 多功能輸出端子一 翻閱參數3-05說明 RJ-11 串聯通訊接口 RS-485串聯通訊接口 +10V ﹣GND 速度設定用電源 速度指令電源(+10V/10mA) AVI ﹣GND模擬電壓／電流頻率指令 0∼+10V/最高輸出頻率或4∼20mA/最高輸出頻率AFM ﹣GND 模擬頻率/電流計0∼+10V/最高輸出頻率17V 直流電壓來源（17V/20mA）M0 ﹣GND 多功能輸入輔助端子M1 ﹣GND 多功能輸入選擇一M2 ﹣GND 多功能輸入選擇二翻閱參數4-04∼4-08說明M3 ﹣GND 多功能輸入選擇三M4 ﹣GND 多功能輸入選擇四M5 ﹣GND 多功能輸入選擇五控制訊號線請選用屏避隔離絞線配線注意事項配線時，配線線徑規格之選定，請依照電工法規之規定施行配線，以策安全。

电缆选型手册及常用公式电缆的选型与配线选择电线平方数和电流一般铜线安全电流最大为：2.5 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－28A。

4 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－35A 。

6 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－48A 。

10 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－65A。

16 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－91A 。

25 平方毫米铜电源线的安全载流量－－120A。

如果是铝线截面积要取铜线的 1.5-2 倍。

如果铜线电流小于 28A，按每平方毫米 10A 来取肯定安全。

如果铜线电流大于 120A，按每平方毫米 5A 来取。

导线的截面积所能正常通过的电流可根据其所需要导通的电流总数进行选择，一般可按照如下顺口溜进行确定：十下五,百上二, 二五三五四三倍,七零九五两倍半,铜线升级算.就是 10 平方以下的铝线,平方毫米数乘以 5 就可以了,要是铜线呢,就升一个档, 比如 2.5 平方的铜线,就按铝线 4 平方计算.一百以上的都是截面积乘以 2, 二十五平方以下的乘以 4, 三十五平方以上的乘以 3, 70 和 95 平方都乘以 2.5,这么几句口诀应该很好记吧, 说明:只能作为估算,不是很准确。

另外如果按室内记住电线 6 平方毫米以下的铜线，每平方电流不超过 10A 就是安全的，从这个角度讲，你可以选择 1.5 平方的铜线或 2.5 平方的铝线。

10 米内，导线电流密度 6A/平方毫米比较合适，10-50 米，3A/平方毫米,50-200 米，2A/平方毫米，500 米以上要小于 1A/平方毫米。

从这个角度，如果不是很远的情况下，你可以选择 4 平方铜线或者 6 平方铝线。

如果真是距离 150 米供电（不说是不是高楼），一定采用 4 平方的铜线。

导线的阻抗与其长度成正比，与其线径成反比。

请在使用电源时，特别注意输入与输出导线的线材与线径问题。

以防止电流过大使导线过热而造成事故。

导线线径一般按如下公式计算：铜线： S= IL / 54.4*U`铝线： S= IL / 34*U`式中：I——导线中通过的最大电流（A）L——导线的长度（M）U`——充许的电压降（V）S——导线的截面积（MM2）说明： 1、U`电压降可由整个系统中所用的设备范围内，分给系统供电用的电源电压额定值综合起来考虑选用。

电线电缆种类及选型计算电线电缆的定义及分类广义的电线电缆亦简称为电缆。

狭义的电缆是指绝缘电缆。

它可定义为：由下列部分组成的集合体，一根或多根绝缘线芯，以及它们各自可能具有的包覆层，总保护层及外护层。

电缆亦可有附加的没有绝缘的导体。

我国的电线电缆产品按其用途分成下列五大类：1.裸电线；2.绕组线；3.电力电缆；4.通信电缆和通信光缆；5.电气装备用电线电缆。

电线电缆的基本结构：1.导体：传导电流的物体,电线电缆的规格都以导体的截面表示。

2.绝缘：外层绝缘材料按其耐受电压程度。

工作电流及计算电(线)缆工作电流计算公式：单相I=P÷(U×cosΦ)P-功率(W)；U-电压(220V)；cosΦ-功率因素(0.8)；I-相线电流(A)。

三相I=P÷(U×1.732×cosΦ)P-功率(W)；U-电压(380V)；cosΦ-功率因素(0.8)；I-相线电流(A)。

一般铜导线的安全截流量为5-8A/平方毫米，铝导线的安全截流量为3-5A/平方毫米。

在单相220V线路中，每1KW功率的电流在4-5A左右，在三相负载平衡的三相电路中，每1KW功率的电流在2A左右。

也就是说在单相电路中，每1平方毫米的铜导线可以承受1KW功率荷载；三相平衡电路可以承受2-2.5KW的功率。

但是电缆的工作电流越大，每平方毫米能承受的安全电流就越小。

电缆允许的安全工作电流口诀：十下五（十以下乘以五）。

百上二（百以上乘以二）。

二五三五四三界（二五乘以四,三五乘以三）。

七零九五两倍半（七零和九五线都乘以二点五）。

穿管温度八九折（随着温度的变化而变化,在算好的安全电流数上乘以零点八或零点九）。

铜线升级算（在同截面铝芯线的基础上升一级,如二点五铜芯线就是在二点五铝芯线上升一级,则按四平方毫米铝芯线算）。

裸线加一半（在原已算好的安全电流数基础上再加一半）。

RV 铜芯氯乙烯绝缘连接电缆（电线）AVR 镀锡铜芯聚乙烯绝缘平型连接软电缆（电线）RVB 铜芯聚氯乙烯平型连接电线RVS 铜芯聚氯乙烯绞型连接电线RVV 铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯护套圆形连接软电缆ARVV 镀锡铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯护套平形连接软电缆RVVB 铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯护套平形连接软电缆RV－105 铜芯耐热105oC聚氯乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯绝缘连接软电缆AF－205AFS－250AFP－250 镀银聚氯乙氟塑料绝缘耐高温－60oC~250oC连接软电线电力线缆; 适用于交流50HZ，额定电压0.6/1KV及以下输配电线路上，供输配电能之用。

AC柔性电流探头CP9000（S / L）系列深圳市知用电子有限公司首先，感谢您购买该产品，这份产品使用说明书，是关于该产品的功能、使用方法、操作注意事项等方面的介绍。

使用前，请仔细阅读说明书，正确使用。

阅读完后请好好保存。

说明书中，注释将用以下的符号进行区分。

为安全使用本机器，必须严格遵守以下安全注意事项。

如果不按照该说明书使用的话，有可能会损害机器的保护功能。

此外，违反注意事项进行操作产生的人身安全问题，本公司概不负责。

● 探头BNC 输出线连接示波器或者其它设备时，确保BNC 端子可靠接地。

● 被测电路接入探头环之前，确保先关闭被测电路。

● 使用之前，请检查探头环外皮是否有破损，若出现破损情况，请停止使用！● 接入被测电路前，应避免被测电路有尖刺，锋利的边角容易造成探头环损坏情况发生。

● 探头环上已明确标有使用电压要求，请确保在安全电压范围内使用！ ●选择本产品标配的适配器供电。

该符号表示对人体和机器有危害，必须参照说明书操作。

在错误操作的情况下，用户有受伤的威胁，为避免此类危险，记载了相关的注意事项。

错误操作时，用户有受轻伤和物质损害的可能，为避免此类情况，记载的注意事项。

该符号表示对人体和机器有危害，必须参照说明书操作。

错误操作时，用户有受轻伤和物质损害事项。

记载着使用该机器时的重要说明。

前言 (1)概述 (3)应用 (3)电气规格 (4)产品及附件说明 (5)主体说明 (5)附件说明 (7)机械规格 (7)环境特性 (7)操作方法 (8)测量时注意事项 (8)保养及维护 (9)保修 (9)装箱单 (9)1. 概述CP9000（S/L）系列柔性电流探头是仅测试AC电流信号的探头，具有高带宽，高精度（典型值2%）等特点。

可以实现宽广的电流测量范围，频率可从几Hz到数十MHz，电流范围从mA级别到数kA 级别，大大解决了电流测试的难题。

其主要特点包括：线圈轻巧柔软且可以自由插拔，可以探测到许多硬制探头无法达到的地方,轻而易举的实现与被测对象连接；插入损耗几乎为零，仅为几个皮亨，对被测对象近乎为零的干扰；标准的BNC输出接口，很方便实现与示波器，数据采集器，数字电压表等连接，观测电流波形；USB供电接口设计，使用更加灵活方便；声光过流报警功能，更具人性化设计；探头环和连接线长度可以根据客户要求定制，满足特殊场合测试要求。

说明: 1.同一规格铝芯导线载流量约为铜芯的０.7倍,选用铝芯导线可比铜芯导线大一个规格,交联聚乙烯绝缘可选用小一档规格，耐火电线电缆则应选较大规格。

2.本表计算容量是以三相380V、Ｃosφ=0.８5为基准，若单相２2０V、Cosφ＝0.8５,容量则应×1/3。

３.当环境温度较高或采用明敷方式等,其安全载流量都会下降,此时应选用较大规格;当用于頻繁起动电机时，应选用大２~３个规格。

４.本表聚氯乙烯绝缘电线按单根架空敷设方式计算,若为穿管或多根敷设，则应选用大2～3个规格。

5以上数据仅供参考,最终设计和确定电缆的型号和规格应参照有关专业资料或电工手册。

二、电线电缆的使用特性产品使用特性详见具体产品目录。

三、电线电缆的运输和保管⒈运输中严禁从高处扔下电缆或装有电缆的电缆盘，特别是在较低温度时(一般为５℃左右及以下)，扔、摔电缆将有可能导致绝缘、护套开裂。

⒉尽可能避免在露天以裸露方式存放电缆，电缆盘不允许平放。

⒊吊装包装件时，严禁几盘同时吊装。

在车辆、船舶等运输工具上，电缆盘要用合适方法加以固定，防止互相碰撞或翻倒，以防止机械损伤电缆。

⒋电缆严禁与酸、碱及矿物油类接触，要与这些有腐蚀性的物质隔离存放.贮存电缆的库房内不得有破坏绝缘及腐蚀金属的有害气体存在。

⒌电缆在保管期间，应定期滚动(夏季3个月一次，其他季节可酌情延期)。

滚动时，将向下存放盘边滚翻朝上，以免底面受潮腐烂。

存放时要经常注意电缆封头是否完好无损。

⒍电缆贮存期限以产品出厂期为限，一般不宜超过一年半,最长不超过二年。

四、电线电缆的安装与施工电线电缆敷设安装的设计和施工应按GＢ５0217-9４《电力工程电缆设计规范》等有关规定进行,并采用必要的电缆附件(终端和接头)。

供电系统运行质量、安全性和可靠性不仅与电线电缆本身质量有关，还与电缆附件和线路的施工质量有关。

通过对线路故障统计分析，由于施工、安装和接续等因素造成的故障往往要比电线电缆本体缺陷造成的故障可能性大得多。

Alpha Wire | 711 Lidgerwood Avenue, Elizabeth, NJ 07207Tel: 1-800-52 ALPHA (25742), Web: Customer Specification PART NO. 1175CConstructionDiameters (In)1) Component 1 5 X 1 COND a) Conductor 22 (7/30) AWG TC 0.030 b) Insulation 0.010" Wall, Nom. PVC 0.050(1) Color Code Alpha Wire Color Code D Cond Color Cond Color Cond Color 1 BLACK 3 WHITE 5ORANGE2RED4GREEN2) Cable Assembly 5 Components Cabled a) Twists: 6.0 Twists/foot (min)3) Jacket 0.032" Wall, Nom.,PVC 0.200 (0.211 Max.)a) Color(s)Slate, Blackb) PrintALPHA WIRE-* P/N 1175C 5C 22 AWG75C (UL) TYPE CM OR AWM 2576 --- LLXXXXXX CSA TYPE CMG FT4 CE ROHS * = Factory Code[Note: Product may have c(UL) or CSA markings depending upon plant of manufacture.]Applicable Specifications1) ULAWM/STYLE 2576 80°C / 150 V RMS CM 75°CVW-12) CSA InternationalCMG 60°CFT43) CE:EU Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/ECEnvironmental1) CE: EU Directive 2011/65/EU(RoHS2), EU Directive 2015/863/EU (RoHS3):This product complies with European Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS Directive) of the EuropeanParliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 and the amending Directive 2015/863/EU of 4June 2015 . No Exemptions are required for RoHS Compliance on this item. Consult AlphaWire's web site for RoHS C of C.2) REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006):This product does not contain Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) listed on the EuropeanUnion's REACH candidate list in excess of 0.1% mass of the item. For up-to-date information,please see Alpha's REACH SVHC Declaration.3) California Proposition 65:Exempt from warning labels based on the Consent Judgment. Please see Alpha's CA Prop 65 Statement for more information.PropertiesPhysical & Mechanical Properties1) Temperature Range-20 to 80°C2) Bend Radius 10X Cable Diameter3) Pull Tension 27 Lbs, MaximumElectrical Properties(For Engineering purposes only)1) Voltage Rating 300 V RMS2) Capacitance 33 pf/ft @1 kHz, Nominal Conductor to Conductor3) Inductance0.18 µH/ft, Nominal4) Conductor DCR16.3 Ω/1000ft @20°C, NominalOtherPackaging Flange x Traverse x Barrel (inches)a) 1000 FT12 x 10 x 5 Continuous lengthb) BOX 1000FT11-3/4 EASY REEL: Continuous lengthc) 500 FT12 x 4.5 x 3.5 Continuous lengthd) 100 FT 6.5 x 4 x 2.5 Continuous lengthe) Bulk(Made-to-order)[Spool dimensions may vary slightly]Notes:a) Black jacket available by Special Order only.Alpha Wire | 711 Lidgerwood Avenue, Elizabeth, NJ 07207Tel: 1-800-52 ALPHA (25742)Although Alpha Wire (“Alpha”) makes every reasonable effort to ensure their accuracy at the time of publication, information and specifications described herein are subject to errors or omissions and to changes without notice, and the listing of such information and specifications does not ensure product availability.Alpha provides the information and specifications herein on an “AS IS” basis, with no representations or warranties, whether express, statutory or implied. In no event will Alpha be liable for any damages (including consequential, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or exemplary) whatsoever, even if Alpha had been advised of the possibility of such damages, whether in an action under contract, negligence or any other theory, arising out of or in connection with the use, or inability to use, the information or specifications described herein.ALPHA WIRE - CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARYNotice to persons receiving this document and/or technical information. This document is confidential and is the exclusive property of ALPHA WIRE, and is merely on loan and subject to recall by ALPHA WIRE at any time. By taking possession of this document, the recipient acknowledges and agrees that this document cannot be used in any manner adverse to the interests of ALPHA WIRE, and that no portion of this document may be copied or otherwise reproduced without the prior written consent of ALPHA WIRE. In the case of conflicting contractual provisions, this notice shall govern the status of this document. ©2013 ALPHA WIRE - all rights reserved.EU/China ROHS CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCETo Whom It May Concern:Alpha Wire Part Number: 1175C1175C , RoHS-Compliant Commencing With 8/1/2005 ProductionNote: all colors and put-upsThis document certifies that the Alpha part number cited above is manufactured in accordance with Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament, better known as the RoHS Directive (commonly known as RoHS 2), with regards to restrictions of the use of certain hazardous substances used in the manufacture of electrical and electronic equipment. This certification extends to amending Directive 2015/863/EU which expanded the list of restricted substances to 10 items (commonly known as RoHS 3) The reader is referred to these Directives for the specific definitions and extents of the Directives. No Exemptions are required for RoHS Compliance on this item. Additionally, Alpha certifies that the listed part number is in compliance with China RoHS “Marking for Control of Pollution by Electronic Information Products” standard SJ/T 11364-2014. Substance Maximum Control ValueLead0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Mercury0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Cadmium0.01% by weight (100 ppm)Hexavalent Chromium0.1% by weight (1000 ppm )Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB)0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE) ,Including Deca-BDE0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP)0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) 0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)0.1% by weight (1000 ppm)The information provided in this document and disclosure is correct to the best of Alpha Wire's knowledge, information and belief at the date of its release. The information provided is designed only as a general guide for the safe handling, storage, and any other operation of the product itself or the one that it will become part of. The intent of this document is not to be considered a warranty or quality specification. Regulatory information is for guidance purposes only. Product users are responsible for determining the applicability of legislation and regulations based on their individual usage of the product.Authorized Signatory for the Alpha Wire:Dave Watson, Director of Engineering & QA8/16/2019Alpha Wire711 Lidgerwood Ave.Elizabeth, NJ 07207Tel: 1-908-925-8000。

电缆选配知识与计算口决目录1. 电缆选配知识概述 (3)1.1 电缆选配的重要性 (4)1.2 电缆选配的基本原则 (5)2. 电缆的分类与性能指标 (6)2.1 按用途分类 (8)2.1.1 电力电缆 (8)2.1.2 通信电缆 (9)2.1.3 控制电缆 (10)2.1.4 仪表电缆 (10)2.2 电缆的性能指标 (12)2.2.1 导体结构 (13)2.2.2 绝缘材料 (14)2.2.3 护套材料 (15)2.2.4 铠装材料 (16)3. 电缆选配计算口诀 (17)3.1 根据负荷电流选择电缆截面积 (17)3.1.1 经验公式法 (18)3.1.2 计算公式法 (19)3.2 根据电压等级选择电缆截面积 (20)3.2.1 经验公式法 (21)3.2.2 计算公式法 (21)3.3 根据敷设方式选择电缆型号 (22)3.3.1 地下敷设 (24)3.3.2 地上敷设 (24)3.3.3 水中敷设 (25)4. 电缆选配实例分析 (27)4.1 电力系统案例分析 (28)4.1.1 输电线路选配电缆 (29)4.1.2 变电站选配电缆 (30)4.2 通信系统案例分析 (32)4.2.1 有线电视系统选配电缆 (34)4.2.2 计算机网络系统选配电缆 (34)5. 电缆选配常见问题与解决方法 (35)5.1 电缆选配过程中的误区 (36)5.1.1 不了解工程特点盲目选配 (38)5.1.2 不考虑环境因素影响选配 (38)5.2 电缆选配中的问题及解决方法 (39)5.2.1 如何根据负荷电流计算电缆截面积 (40)5.2.2 如何根据电压等级选择电缆截面积 (41)5.2.3 如何根据敷设方式选择电缆型号 (42)1. 电缆选配知识概述首先了解电缆的基本类型，包括电力电缆、控制电缆、通信电缆等。

确立所需电气特性，如电压等级、频率要求、温度范围以及环境适应性等。

铜与铝是最常用于电缆制作的导电材料，铜线因其良好的导电性和抗腐蚀性在电力电缆中占据主导地位。

一文知晓编码器信号电缆与传输抗干扰自动化行业里某些人对编码器的重视程度还很不够，更别说对一根编码器信号电缆了，“双绞屏蔽”“越粗越好”“接地接地再接地，看见空的就接地”看似有多简单?但这些模糊甚至有错误的对电缆的理解，问题是到了现场干扰的出现，往往就是从一根简单的电缆和接法就理解错了开始的。

其实编码器信号电缆技术含量颇高，其中包含了物理学基础和材料学知识等，越是基础的东西离物理学原理越近，需要理解原理结合基础原理和实验室试验及现场实践验证，而不再是只靠产品说明书手册了。

德国海德汉编码器对于信号电缆一直有严格指定的要求。

而我无法在这里一次给出标准答案，我没有足够的实验室条件，只有从电磁波信号原理推演。

只是依据十二年前向一家外企电缆厂家定制做过一根编码器电缆。

这家外企电缆厂原来就有电缆，但我按照对海德汉电缆的理解提出了针对编码器的专门定制要求，看中的是他们有实验室条件，可以测试和提供我要求的参数，实验参数固定化。

这根电缆我们已经用了12年，大大小小的项目也做了不少，也有很多知情的同行用过并得到了认可，而这家外企转向进入工控领域，做起了机器人电缆也很成功，。

所谓知己知彼百战不殆，在本文我们讨论的是：我们需要先了解编码器信号是什么样的信号，电缆有什么特性，干扰可能是从哪里来，才能根据现场错杂的干扰环境分析出对策。

我这里挑了行业里关于编码器信号电缆认识比较模糊甚至有些错误的问题，抛砖引玉提供业内真正是在现场实践者来参考与讨论，也欢迎留言争论。

一，编码器信号是什么?编码器信号有很多种类。

这里只讲用的最多的增量脉冲信号和数字串行信号（SSI 等信号）,电子开关频率800KHz以下的。

其他的总线信号的电缆、单电缆技术的电缆和工业以太网的电缆不在此文讨论。

（我也还没搞懂呢）这里讲的编码器信号是方波。

但是，电缆线的传导电特性是以电磁波的计算并设计的。

方波并不是单一频率的电磁波，按傅立叶分解，方波是有很多种频率的电磁波的叠加组合，下图演示的是方波最少有N=19个不同频率的电磁波合成的。

Voltage Insulation diameter Conductor cross sectionDesignation Weight kV mm mm²kg/unitElbow cable connector1210–1210–16CSE-A 12250-01 2.21213–2225–95CSE-A 12250-02 2.22413–2210–16CSE-A 24250-01 2.22417–25.525–95CSE-A 24250-02 2.2Straight cable connector1210–1210–16CSS-A 12250-01 2.21213–2225–95CSS-A 12250-02 2.22413–2210–16CSS-A 24250 01 2.22417–25.525–95CSS-A 24250 02 2.2Elbow cable connector complete with screen separation kit1210–1210–16CSE-A 12250-01 P 5.51213–2225–95CSE-A 12250-02 P 5.52413–2210–16CSE-A 24250-01 P 5.52417–25,550–95CSE-A 24250-02 P6.1Application areasPremolded screened separable connectors for XLPE-and EPR-insulated 1- or 3-core cables with Al- or Cu- conductors for 12–24 kV. Can be installed both indoors and outdoors.Fits standard bushings of outer cone type according to EN 50181. Connector with rated current: −250 A: Interface A with plug-in Ø 7.9 mm.StandardMeets the requirements of: −CENELEC, HD 629.1 S2DesignCSE-A and CSS-A are manufactured in rubber with three layers; a conductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer, that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.The cable connectors include both a capacitive test point with protection and an integrated earthing wire.−Delivered in 3-phase kits, complete with cable lugs, bolt connection and stress grading adapter, designed to ensure a reliable installation.Note:−For 3-core cable with common copper screen wires, a screen separation kit or a branch seal kit must be used. To be ordered separately.Premolded screened separable cable connectors CSE-A 12–24 kV, 250 A CSS-A 12–24 kV, 250 ACSE-A 12250CSE-A 24250CSS-A 12250CSS-A 24250CSE-A 250 A, 12–24 kV70 minCSS-A 250 A, 12–24 kV80 minAlways select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.22/19 | 2015 || Product range |Premolded screened separable connector for cables with Cu-tape screenCSE-A 12–24 kV, 250 AApplication areasPremolded screened separable connectors for XLPE- andEPR-insulated 1- or 3-core 12–24 kV cables with Al- orCu-conductors with copper tape screens, with or withoutaluminium or steel wire armouring. Can be installed bothindoors and outdoors.Fits standard bushings of outer cone type according toEN 50181. Connector with rated current:−250 A: Interface A with plug-in Ø 7.9 mm.StandardMeets the requirements of:−CENELEC, HD 629.1 S2DesignCSE-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; a conductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer, that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers. The cable connectors include both a capacitive test point with protection and an integrated earthing wire.Delivered in 3-phase kits, complete with cable lugs, bolt connection, earthing kit and stress grading adapters. The adapters are designed to ensure a reliable installation.For 3-core cables, a branch seal kit is included.CSE-A 12250CSE-A 24250Voltage InsulationdiameterConductorcross sectionDesignation Outer sheathdiameterWeightkV mm mm²mm kg/unit Elbow cable connector, 3 x 1-core1213–2225–95CSE-A 12250-02 R– 2.7 2419–25.535–95CSE-A 24250-02 S– 2.7 Elbow cable connector, 3-core1213–2225–50CSE-A 12250-02 RA31–50 2.9 1213–2270–95CSE-A 12250-02 RB44–70 2.9 2419–25.535–95CSE-A 24250-02 SB47–70 2.9CSE-A 250 A, 12–24 kV70 min Always select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.2| Product range| | 2015 | 2/20MA 250Measurement adapter used for mega ohm Ω measurements and to perform different measurements up to 5 kV DC, for example determination of phases, 250 A.IH-A 24250Insulating hood of flexible rubber with outer conductive layer and a preinstalled insulating rod. To be mounted on the bushing in aswitchgear or a transformer 250 A to insulate it when a cable is temporarily disconnected but other cables are energized.IP 250Screened insulating plug for installation in the connector so that the cable can be energized even when disconnected from the switchgear or transformer 250 A.CU 250Coupling piece to connect two connectors.JP 250Earth circuit connector for short-circuit protective earthing. For mounting on the disconnected connector CSE-A for 250 A.Accessories, to be ordered separately CSE-A and CSS-A 12–24 kV, 250 ADesignation Description Qty.per kit Weight See page kg/kit IH-A 24250Insulating hood, 12–24 kV, 250 A 3 2.32/21IP 250Screened insulating plug, 250 A1 0,82/21PSSK Screen separation kit, heat-shrink for 3-core cable 1 1.0–1.12/47TSH Branch seal kit 10.3–1.02/48PC 630/250Parallel coupling piece 3 3.02/21JP 250Earthing device, 250 A1 2.72/21CU 250Coupling piece between two cable connectors, 250 A 1 0.22/21MA 250Measurement adapter, 250 A10.32/21PSSKScreen separation kit to achieve a metallicscreen on each core for 3-core cables.PC 630/250Parallel coupling piece. Replaces the plug inCSE-A 630 A when making a parallel connection to CSE-A 250 A. Delivered in 3-phase kits and hex bit socket.TSHBranch seal kit to achieve a sealing on eachcore for 3-core cables.22/21 | 2015 || Product range |Voltage Insulation diameter Conductor cross sectionDesignationRated current Weight kV mm mm²A kg/unit 1213–2025–70CSE-A 12400-01400 6.11218.5–30.595–300CSE-A 12400-02400 6.62417–2425–70CSE-A 24400-01400 6.12422.5–3595–300CSE-A 24400-02400 6.63624.5–3450-95CSE-A 36400-01 400 6.13627.5–4295-300CSE-A 36400-02 400 6.64224.5–3450–70CSE-A 42400-01400 6.14227.5–4295–300CSE-A 42400-024006.6Application areasPremolded screened separable connector for XLPE-and EPR-insulated 1- or 3-core cables with Al- or Cu- conductors for 12–42 kV. Can be installed both indoors and outdoors.Fits standard bushings of outer cone type according to EN 50181. Connector with rated current:−400 A: series 400 interface type B with plug-in Ø 14 mm.StandardMeets the requirements of: −CENELEC, HD 629.1 S2DesignCSE-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; aconductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer, that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.The cable connector includes both a capacitive test point with protection and an integrated earthing wire.−Delivered in 3-phase kits complete with cable lugs, bolt connection and stress grading adapter, designed to ensure a reliable installation.Note:−For 3-core cables with common Cu-screen wires, ascreen separation kit or a branch seal kit must be used. To be ordered separately.Premolded screened separable cable connectorCSE-A 12–42 kV, 400 ACSE-A 12400CSE-A 400 A, 12–24 kV85 minCSE-A 400 A, 36–42 kV85 minAlways select products by cable insulation diameter.CSE-A 24400Dimensions in mm.2| Product range | | 2015 | 2/22IP 400Screened insulating plug for installation in the connector so that the cable can be energized even when disconnected from the switchgear ortransformer 400 A.IH-A 24400, 42400Insulating hood, of flexible rubber with outerconductive layer and a preinstalled insulating rod. To be mounted on the bushing in a switchgear or a transformer 400 A to insulate it when a cable is temporarily disconnected but other cables areenergized.Designation Description Qty.per kit Weight See page kg/kit IH-A 24400Insulating hood, 12–24 kV, 400 A 3 5.22/23IH-A 42400Insulating hood, 36-42 kV, 400 A 3 5.52/23IP 400Screened insulating plug, 400 A1 2.22/23PSSK Screen separation kit, heat-shrink for 3-core cable 1 1.0–1.12/47TSHBranch seal10.3–1.02/48Accessories, to be ordered separatelyCSE-A 12–42 kV, 400 APSSKScreen separation kit to achieve a metallic screen on each core for 3-core cable.TSHBranch seal kit to achieve a sealing on eachcore for 3-core cable.22/23 | 2015 || Product range |VoltageInsulation diameter Conductor cross sectionDesignationWeight kV mm mm²kg/unit 1213–2025–70CSE-A 12630-01 5.11218.5–30.595–300CSE-A 12630-02 5.51230.5–45400–630CSE-A 12630-037.72417–2425–70CSE-A 24630-01 5.12422.5–3595–300CSE-A 24630-02 5.52430.5–45400–630CSE-A 24630-037.73624.5–3450-95CSE-A 36630-01 6.13627.5–4295-300CSE-A 36630-02 6.63638.0–55400-630CSE-A 36630-038.74224.5–3450–70CSE-A 42630-01 6.14227.5–42 95–300CSE-A 42630-02 6.642 38–55400–630CSE-A 42630-03 8.7Cable connector complete with screen separation kit1213–2025–70 CSE-A 12630-01 P 8.41218.5–30.595–300 CSE-A 12630-02 P 9.42417-2450–70 CSE-A 24630-01 P 92422.5–3595–300 CSE-A 24630-02 P 9.43623–3450–95 CSE-A 36630-01 P 103627.5–4295–300 CSE-A 36630-02 P1.4Application areasPremolded screened separable connector for XLPE-and EPR-insulated 1- or 3-core cables with Al- or Cu-conductors for 12–42 kV. Can be installed both indoors and outdoors.Fits standard bushings of outer cone type according to EN 50181. Connector with rated current: −630 A: Interface C1 with bolt M16. −1250 A: Interface C2 with bolt M16.StandardMeets the requirements of: −CENELEC, HD 629.1 S2DesignCSE-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; a conductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer, that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.The cable connector includes both a capacitive test point with protection and an integrated earthing wire. −Delivered in 3-phase kits, complete with cable lugs, bolt connection and stress grading adapter, designed to ensure a reliable installation.Note:−For 3-core cables with common Cu-screen wires, a screen separation kit or a branch seal kit must be used. To be ordered separately.CSE-A 12–42 kV, 630 ACSE-A 12630, CSE-A 24630CSE-A 36630, CSE-A 42630CSE-A 630 A, 36–42 kV sizes 1–2.85 minCSE-A 630 A, 12–24 kV, size 390 minCSE-A 630 A, 12–24 kV, sizes 1–285 minCSE-A 630 A, 36–42 kV size 3.90 minAlways select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.2| Product range | | 2015 | 2/24for cables with copper tape screen CSE-A 12–36 kV, 630 AApplication areasPremolded screened separable connector for XLPE- and EPR-insulated 1- or 3-core 12–36 kV cables, with Al- or Cu-conductors with Cu-tape screens, with or without aluminium or steel wire armouring. Can be installed both indoors and outdoors.Fits standard bushings of outer cone type according toEN 50181. Connectors with rated current:−630 A: Interface type C1 with bolt M16.−1250 A: Interface type C2 with bolt M16.StandardMeets the requirements of:−CENELEC, HD 629.1 S2DesignCSE-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; a conductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer, that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers. The cable connector includes both a capacitive test point with protection and an integrated earthing wire.−Delivered in 3-phase kits, complete with cable lugs, bolt connection, earthing kit and stress grading adapters. The adapters are designed to ensure a reliable installation.For 3-core cables, a branch seal kit is included.CSE-A 12630 / CSE-A 24630CSE-A 36630Voltage InsulationdiameterConductorcross sectionOuter sheathdiameterDesignation WeightkV mm mm²mm kg/unit Elbow cble connectors, 3 x 1-core cables1213–2025–70–CSE-A 12630-01 R 5.6 1219–2995–300–CSE-A 12630-02 S 6.0 1230.5–37400–CSE-A 12630-03 T8.2 2419–2435–70–CSE-A 24630-01 S 5.6 2425–3595–300–CSE-A 24630-02 T 6.0 2430.5–37400–CSE-A 24630-03 T8.2 3619–2950–70–CSE-A 36630-01 S 6.8 3627.5–3795–300–CSE-A 36630-02 T7.3 3638–50400–CSE-A 36630-03 U9.4 Elbow cable connectors, 3-core cables1213–2025–7031–50CSE-A 12630-01 RA 5.8 1219–2995–18547–70CSE-A 12630-02 SB 6.2 1225–30.5240–30058–94CSE-A 12630-02 TB 6.2 1230.5–3740058–94CSE-A 12630-03 TB8.4 2419–2435–7047–70CSE-A 24630-01 SB 5.8 2425–3595–30058–94CSE-A 24630-02 TB 6.2 2430.5–3740065–110CSE-A 24630-03 TB8.4 3619–2950–9558–94CSE-A 36630-01 SB 6.8 3627.5–3795–30065–110CSE-A 36630-02 TB7.3CSE-A 630 A, 36–42 kV sizes 1–2.C-CCSE-A 630 A, 12–24 kV, size 390 minCSE-A 630 A, 12–24 kV, sizes 1–2C-CCSE-A 630 A, 36–42 kV size 3.90 minAlways select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.22/25 | 2015 || Product range|IH-A 24630, IH 42630Insulating hood, of flexible rubber with outer conductive layer and a preinstalled insulating rod. To be mounted on the bushing in aswitchgear or a transformer 630 A to insulate it when a cable is temporarily disconnected but other cables areenergized.MA-A 630Measurement adapter used for mega ohm Ω measurements and to perform different measurements up to 5 kV DC, for example determination of phases, 630 A.PC 630/250Parallel coupling piece. Replaces the plug in CSE-A 630 A when making a parallel connection to CSE-A 250 A. Delivered in 3-phase kits and hex bit socket.PG 630Bushing for voltage testing.IP 630Screened insulating plug for installation in the connector so that the cable can be energized even when disconnected from the switchgear or transformer 630 A.PG-A 630Bushing for voltage testing, 36–42 kV.JPB 630Universal earthing device with two fields of application for 630 A and 12-42 kV:−As earthing-for-work devicemounted at the back of a connected cable connector CSE-A for 630 A. −As short-circuit protective earthing mounted in front of a disconnectedcable connector CSE-A for 630 A.JPA VTool for earthing device, JPB 630.Designation DescriptionQty.per kit Weight See page kg/kit IH-A 24630Insulating hood, 12–24 kV, 630 A 3 5.22/26IH-A 42630Insulating hood, 36-42 kV, 630 A 35,52/26IP 630Screened insulating plug, 630 A 1 2.22/26PC 630/250Parallel coupling piece 3 3.02/26PSSK Screen separation kit, heat-shrink for 3-core cable 1 1.0–1.12/47TSH Branch seal 10.3–1.02/48MA-A 630Measurement adapter, 630 A 3 0.22/26CSAP-A Surge arrestor, 630 A, 12–24 kV 1 3.6–5.02/28PG 630 Bushing for voltage testing, 630 A, 12–24 kV 1 1.52/26PG-A 630 Bushing for voltage testing, 630 A, 36–42 kV 1 2.02/26CSEP-A Parallel cable connector 1 5.7–9.82/27JPB 630Earthing device, 630 A 1 5.02/26JPA V Tool for earthing-for-work device, JPB 63011.82/26CSAP-ASurge arrestor, 630 A. CSEP-AParallel cable connector.Accessories, to be ordered separately CSE-A 12–42 kV, 630 APSSKScreen separation kit to achieve a metallic screen on each core for 3-core cable.TSHBranch seal kit to achieve a sealing on each core for 3-core cable.2| Product range | | 2015 | 2/26Parallel separable connector for 630 A cable connector CSEP-A 12–42 kVApplication areaCSEP-A is a screened separable parallel cable connector designed to be connected to a screened separable cable connector type CSE-A 630. Used with XLPE- och EPR- insulated 1- or 3-core cables with Al- or Cu-conductor for 12–42 kV.Standard−Fulfills the requirements of CENELEC HD 629.1 S2.DesignCSEP-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; aconductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.When installing CSEP-A on the CSE-A the plug and the protective cap must be moved from CSE-A to parallel connector CSEP-A. In that way the capacitive test point is re-established.−Delivered in 3-phase kits complete with cable lugs, boltconnections, stress grading adapters and also an integrated earthing wire.Note:−For 3-core cables with common Cu-screen wires, a screen separation kit or a branch seal kit must be used. For screen separation kit see table at page 3/45.VoltageConductor cross section Insulation diameterDesignation Weight kV mm²mm kg/kit1225–7013–20CSEP-A 12630-01 5.71295–30018.5–30.5CSEP-A 12630-02 6.112400–63030.5–45CSEP-A 12630-038.62425–7017–24CSEP-A 24630-01 5.72495–30022.5–35CSEP-A 24630-02 6.124400–63030.5–45CSEP-A 24630-038.63650–9524.5–34CSEP-A 36630-01 6.73695–30027.5–42CSEP-A 36630-027.136400–63038–55CSEP-A 36630-039.84250–7024.5–34CSEP-A 42630-01 6.74295–30027.5–42CSEP-A 42630-027.142400–63038–55CSEP-A 42630-039.8Parallel connector complete with screen separation kit1213–2025–70 CSEP-A 12630-01P 91218.5–30.595–300 CSEP-A 12630-02P 102417–2450–70 CSEP-A 24630-01P 9.62422.5–3595–300 CSEP-A 24630-02P 103623–3450–95 CSEP-A 36630-01P 10.63627.5–4295–300CSEP-A 36630-02P 11.9CSEP-A, 12–24 kV sizes 1–22567285min 851009CSEP-A, 12–24 kV size 33149085min 9011492837481min 851229CSEP-A, 36–42 kV sizes 1–23149085min 901369CSEP-A, 36–42 kV size 3Always select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.22/27 | 2015 || Product range |Parallel screened separable connector for cable with copper tape screen, 630 A CSEP-A 12–42 kVApplication areaCSEP-A is a screened separable parallel connector designed to be connected to a screened separable connector type CSE-A 630. Used with XLPE- and EPR-insulated 1- or 3-core 12–36 kV cables, with Al- or Cu-conductors with copper tape screens, with or without aluminium or steel wire armouring. Standard−Fulfills the requirements of CENELEC HD 629.1 S2.DesignCSEP-A is manufactured in rubber with three layers; aconductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer that are vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.When installing CSEP-A on the CSE-A, the plug and the protective cap must be moved from CSE-A to the parallel connector CSEP-A. In that way the capacitive test point is re-established.−Delivered in 3-phase kits complete with cable lugs, boltconnections, stress grading adapters and also an integrated earthing wire.Note:−For 3-core cables with common Cu-tape screen, a screen separation kit or a branch seal kit must be used. See table at page 3/45.Voltage Insulation diameter Conductor cross sectionDesignation Weight kV mm mm²kg/kitParallel connector for 3 x 1-core cables1213–2025–70CSEP-A 12630-01 R5.81218.5–30.595–300CSEP-A 12630-02 S6.21230.5–45400CSEP-A 12630-03 T 8.72417–2435–70CSEP-A 24630-01 S 5.82422.5–3595–300CSEP-A 24630-02 T 6.22430.5–45400CSEP-A 24630-03 T 8.73624.5–3450–70CSEP-A 36630-01 S 6.83627.5–4295–300CSEP-A 36630-02 T 7.23638–55400CSEP-A 36630-03 U 9.9Parallel connector for 3-core cables1213–2025–70CSEP-A 12630-01 RA 5.81218.5–30.595–185CSEP-A 12630-02 SB 6.21218.5–30.5240–300CSEP-A 12630-02 TB 6.21230.5–45400CSEP-A 12630-03 TB 8.72417–2435–70CSEP-A 24630-01 SB 5.82422.5–3595–300CSEP-A 24630-02 TB 6.22430.5–45400CSEP-A 24630-03 TB 8.73624.5–3450–95CSEP-A 36630-01 SB 6.83627.5–4295–300CSEP-A 36630-02 TB7.2CSEP-A, 12–24 kV sizes 1–22567281min 851009CSEP-A, 12–24 kV size 33149085min 9011492837481min 851229CSEP-A, 36–42 kV sizes 1–23149085min 901369CSEP-A, 36–42 kV size 3Always select products by cable insulation diameter.Dimensions in mm.2| Product range | | 2015 | 2/28Dimensional drawings– Parallel connection of CSE-A and CSEP-A 12–42 kV – Parallel connection of two CSE-A 12–42 kVConnection of parallel connector type CSEP-A to cable connector typeCSE-A meets the requirements according to the standard CENELEC HD 629.1 S2.CSEP-A size 1–2 + CSE-A size 1–2CSEP-A size 3 + CSE-A size 1–2CSEP-A size 1–2 + CSE-A size 3CSEP-A size 3 + CSE-A size 3CSEP-A size 3 + CSE-A size 1–2CSEP-A size 1–2 + CSE-A size 1–2CSEP-A size 1–2 + CSE-A size 3CSEP-A size 3 + CSE-A size 3Parallel connection of two cable connectors type CSE-A with parallel coupling piece PC 630-3 / PC 630-3 L meets the requirements according to the standard CENELEC HD 629.1 S2.Parallel connection of two CSE-A size 1–2, 12–24 kV353369Parallel connection of two CSE-A size 3, 12–24 kV397Parallel connection of two CSE-A size 1–2, 36 kV413Parallel connection of two CSE-A size 3, 36 kV36–42 k V12–24 kV202194180172Designation Description See pageTSH, SSH Branch seal and additional hoses 2/48PSSK Screen separation kit2/47PSSKAccessories, to be ordered separately:TSH SSH Dimensions in mm.22/29 | 2015 || Product range |Surge arresters for 630 A separable connector CSAP-A 6–24 kVApplication areaCSAP-A is a screened separable surge arrester designed to be connected in parallel with screened separable cable connector type CSE-A 630 A.−Protects electrical components against overvoltage and transients.Standard−Fulfills the requirements of IEC 60099-4.−Parallel connection of surge arrester CSAP-A connected to cable connector CSE-A meets the requirements according to standard CENELEC HD 629.1 S2.DesignCSAP-A includes a premolded body, manufactured in three layers; a conductive inner layer, an insulation layer and a conductive outer layer vulcanized together for the best possible interface between the layers.The surge arrester’s active part is made of metal oxide. The connected earth braid manages short circuit currents according to the standard.When installing CSAP-A on the CSE-A 630, the plug and the protective cap must be moved from CSE-A to the surge arrester CSAP-A. In that way the capacitive test point is re-established.Delivered in 1-core kits complete with bolt connection, earth braid and also an integrated earthing wire.Voltage Designation Weight kV kg/kit 6CSAP-A 6/5 kA 6CSAP-A 6/10 kA 12CSAP-A 12 5 kA 3.612CSAP-A 12 10 kA 4.024CSAP-A 24 5 kA 4.624CSAP-A 24 10 kA5.0Technical dataDesignation Uc Ur Ures In Ihc Is IEC linedischarge class[kV][kV][kV][kA][kA][kA]CSAP-A 6/5 kA 6 516–CSAP-A 6/10 kA 610161CSAP-A 12 5 kA 121539.1 5 6516–CSAP-A 12 10 kA 12154010100161CSAP-A 24 5 kA 243078.2 5 6516–CSAP-A 24 10 kA24308010100161Explanation of symbols according to IEC 60099-4Uc continuous operating voltage rms Ur rated voltage rmsUres residual voltage peak at 8/20 μs In nominal discharge current 8/20 μs Ihc high current impulse 4/10 μsIsshort circuit rating 50 Hz rms for 0.2 sCSE-A sizes 1–2 + CSAP-A CSE-A size 3 + CSAP-A266360CSAP-A sizes 24/5 and 24/10CSAP-A sizes 12/5 and 12/10Dimensions in mm.2| Product range | | 2015 | 2/303.63.6。

电哲线的接法-回复电哲线是一种电气接线方法，也被称为“哲学线”或“哲學電線”。

它源于对电流传输和电气传导理论的一种思考和实践，旨在优化电气设备的性能和效能。

电哲线接法有多种变种，本文将介绍其中一种主要的接法。

首先，我们需要明确电哲线的基本原理。

电哲线将电气设备的振动状态与电流传输的导线连接方式联系起来，以改善电气传导的效率。

振动状态是每个电气设备都会产生的，特别是在高负载和高电流传输时。

电哲线的目的是通过选择适当的导线连接方式来减少电流传导中的能量损失，提高电气设备的效能。

接下来，我们将介绍电哲线接法的具体步骤。

首先，选择合适的导线类型和规格。

一般来说，铜导线是最常用的导线材料，因为它具有良好的导电性能和机械强度。

根据电路负载或设备功率需求，选择合适的导线规格，以确保在电流传输过程中不会出现过载问题。

其次，根据实际情况确定导线的长度和布置方式。

导线的长度和布置方式会直接影响电流传输的效率和稳定性。

一般来说，导线越短，电流传输的损耗就越小。

因此，在实际布置中，尽量缩短导线的长度，减少电流传输的阻抗和能量损失。

接下来，选择合适的电哲线接法。

电哲线接法有多种变种，每种接法都有不同的优势和适用范围。

在这里，我们介绍一种常见的接法——星型接法。

在星型接法中，将电气设备的负载分别连接到导线的一个端点，然后将导线的另一个端点连接到电源的中性线上。

这样，电流就会从电源流过导线，同时也会在电气设备之间形成一个闭合的电流回路。

最后，进行接线测试和调试。

在完成电哲线接法后，需要进行一些测试和调试工作，以验证接线的正确性和稳定性。

可以使用合适的测试仪器和方法，检测电流传输的稳定性、电气设备的工作状态以及可能存在的问题。

根据测试结果，对接线进行必要的调整和修复，以确保电气设备的正常工作和性能。

综上所述，电哲线是一种优化电气设备性能和效能的电气接线方法。

其基本原理是通过选择合适的导线类型、规格和布置方式，减少电流传输过程中的能量损失。