【精品】非谓语动词高考真题解析
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1．We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning
unless .
A．otherwise informing B．otherwise being informed
C．otherwise informed D．having otherwise informed
【答案】C
【解析】
考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are
informed，但是因前后主语一致，所以省略主语，系动词。而我们应该是被通知，不是主动的。句意：我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口进行社区服务，除非另有通知。故选C。
考点：考查动词的过去分词。
2．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his
offer.
A．not finishing B．had not been finished
C．not having finished D．not finished
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。
考点：独立主格结构的考查
点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
专题4 非谓语动词
层级1 考能提升
Ⅰ.单句填空
友情提醒:根据高考大数据,重点关注第2、4、6、8、9、12、15、17题
1.(2020·皖南八校联考) (complete) his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company.
2.(2020·河南南阳模拟)The young lady, (make) several attempts to fix her cell phone, decided to have
another try.
3.(2020·河北石家庄一中月考)Nowadays, more and more Chinese homes have the technology and equipment
(need) to do online shopping.
4.(2020·内蒙古通辽模拟) (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to
emergencies.
5.(2020·湖南师大附中模拟) (make) naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, vitamin D is needed
for healthy bones, teeth and muscles.
6.(2020·云南师大附中月考)The young man, (catch) in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later
than usual.
7.(2020·河南中原名校联考)The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, (give) the
非谓语动词
非谓语动词。在英语中，不能作句子谓语，而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的时态和语态的不同形式
动词不定式 动名词 分词
主动 to do doing doing（同时，主动）
被动 to be done being done done（被动，完成）
进行主动 to be doing
进行被动 being done进行，被动
主动完成 to have
done having done having done（主动，完成一般作状语)
被动完成 to have
been done having been
done having been
done(被动，完成一般作状语）
非谓语动词在句中的作用
主语 宾语 表语 补语 定语 状语
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动名词 √ √ √ √
分词 √ √ √ √
一：分词(现在分词和过去分词，分别表示：主动，行进&被动，完成)
1)作定语
The girl standing by the window is my sister.
=The girl who is standing by the window is my sister.
This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.
= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer.
2) 作状语（一般表示时间，原因，条件，伴随）有时可将从句中when/while /unless/if等保留
(While/When)Walking in the street ,I saw her.
=While/When I was walking in the street ,I saw her.（表示时间） Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.
1 高三英语语法专项讲座（四）
非谓语动词
周晓东 郑璐璐
成分
形式 主语 宾语 补语 表语 定语 状语
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动名词 √ √ √ √ √
分词 √ √ √ √
一、不定式
1. 不定式作主语
不定式可直接放在句首作主语。有时也用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式放在
后面，以避免头重脚轻，保持句子结构的平衡。
To study English today is the most important task to me.
It is my honor here to be invited to spend some time with you.
2. 不定式作表语
不定式作表语，通常说明或解释主语的内容，也可表示将来的动作。
The purpose of new technology is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.
Today my job is to water all the flowers in the garden.
3. 不定式作宾语
英语中有些动词常跟不定式作宾语。这类动词有：want，wish，hope，expect，agree，decide，learn，pretend，ask，promise，plan，refuse，beg，demand，manage，offer，prepare，claim，struggle等。
We agreed to meet here，but so far she has not turned up yet.
When his father came back，the boy pretended to be doing his homework.
The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard.
