同义词转化

雅思听力关于语法的同义词转化在雅思听力备考阶段，很多考生都在紧锣密鼓的准备各项练习。

回顾错题，增加题量，模拟训练等等。

下面就和大家分享雅思听力关于语法的同义词转化，来欣赏一下吧。

雅思听力关于语法的同义词转化1.词性的转换(同根词替换)词性的转换，我们也叫同根词，是指常用词性之间的转换，如形容词，名词，动词，和副词等。

例如：在剑四Test3 Section3中的24题Reading sessions help students to readA. analytically.B. as fast as possible.C. thoroughly.原文中出现的是analyzing material… 正确答案在选项中出现的是副词形式，而在原文中以动名词的形式出现。

所以有些同学可能注意不到，建议同学们在准备雅思听力词汇的时候，一定要注意每个单词的各种词性都掌握到位。

例如：benefit变成beneficial，health 变成healthy, flexibility变成flexible等等。

2.句式的转换常见的句型转换有：a)主动语态与被动语态的变化，或者说用了不同的连词将句子的结构进行了调整或者前后颠倒。

比如说Since……,…… 和……because……这两个都是我们比较熟悉的表示因果关系的句型，它们之间的区别就在于，前一个是since引导原因，后一个是because引导原因，所以出现了前后顺序颠倒的状况。

例如，考生听到了a thief stole his wallet, 在选项中可能换成his wallet was stolen。

b)陈述句和疑问句的转换。

例如，题目中的陈述信息往往在原文中被转化成由一个说话人进行发问，再由另一个说话人做出肯定或者否定的回答。

如果另一个人的态度是肯定的，那么这个信息就是正确的答案，否则就是干扰项。

如剑四Test3 Section1中的Question5：Sara requires a ______.A single roomB twin roomC triple room原文中，Sara没有直接说I want or I require something.而是以疑问句的形式询问Can I share a room with someone else?，也就是对Sara requires a twin room进行了句式上的同义转换，陈述句和疑问句的转换。

雅思听力：常见核心词同义词转化（一）在雅思听力核心词汇中，有很多词汇大家看起开很简单，但是一旦要听起来就容易写错，容易写成同义词，尤其是在雅思听力考试的紧张的气氛下，更容易让受跟不上耳朵。

那么在雅思听力核心词汇中，有哪些同义词的词汇是我们必须要加以特别注意的呢？攫取紧握抓住-grabv.抢夺,攫取,夺取graspvt.抓住,抓紧,掌握,领会gripvt.紧握,紧夹妨碍阻碍-hamperv.妨碍,牵制hinderv.阻碍,打扰adj.后面的impedev.阻止handicapv.妨碍,使不利,阻碍n.障碍,阻碍,障碍赛跑升推进-ascendv.攀登,上升heightenv.提高,升高boostv.推进拉长扩充放大-elongatev.拉长,(使)伸长,延长adj.伸长的lengthenv.延长,(使)变长extendv.扩充,延伸,伸展,扩大expendvt.花费,消耗,支出,strengthenv.加强,巩固magnifyvt.放大,扩大,赞美,夸大,夸张amplifyvt.放大,增强enlargev.扩大,放大继承遗传遗产-heirn.继承人,后嗣heredityn.遗传,形质遗传inheritancen.遗传,遗产heritagen.遗产,继承权,传统legacyn.遗赠(物),遗产(祖先传下来)卑下的羞辱humblevt.使...卑下,挫,贬抑adj.卑下的,微贱的,谦逊的,粗陋的humilityn.谦卑humiliatev.羞辱,使丢脸,耻辱激怒-enragevt.激怒irritatevt.激怒,使急躁incensevt.激怒n.熏香，熏香的烟出-ejectvt.逐出,撵出,驱逐,喷射emitvt.发出,放射,散发,发表,发行eruptvt.喷出elicitvt.得出,引出,抽出,引起emissionn.(光、热等的)散发,发射,喷射邻接接近的-abutto邻接,毗邻adjoinv邻接,毗连adjacentto邻近寓言-allegoryn.寓言fablen.寓言,神话,谎言健忘症记忆-amnesian.健忘症Anaestheticadj.麻醉的n.麻醉剂retentiveadj.保持的memoryn.记忆,记忆力,回忆,存储(器),存储器存储器,内存陈旧的过时的-obsoleteadj.荒废的,陈旧的outmodedadj.过时的阐明宣布-clarifyv.澄清,阐明declarevt.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明illuminatevt.照明,照亮,阐明,说明,使灿烂,对于这些在雅思听力核心词汇中的同义词，我们必须要详加记忆它们之间的不同点，无论是在意义上的还是在拼写上的，挣取能做到听到就能下意识的写出来的程度。

一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not来改变谓语结构，但也有借用否定意义的词，如nothing，nobody, none, neither, little, few, never，hardly等，例如::A：Tom does well in maths.B：Tom doesn’t do in maths。

A：He has much to do。

B:He has nothing to do.A：All of my classmates like art.B:None of my classmates likes art.2、改为疑问句.根据上下句的结构和词的减少,来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。

例如:A：My brother often has breakfast at school。

B：Does your brother often have breakfast at school?A：Tom’s already weak in English.B：Tom's already weak in English，isn’t he ？A：The red light changes every two minutes.B：How often does the red light change?3、改为感叹句。

根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性，来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如：A:This is an interesting book.B:What an interesting book this is！或How interesting this book is！二、同义句转换。

根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句，此类形式繁多，内容复杂，涉及面广，归类如下：1、同义词或词组之间的转换。

（通常上下句时态保持一致）。

常见的同义词或词组有：（1）四个“花费”（spend—take—cost—take）；（2）三个“到达”（get to—reach—arrive in/at）；（3)四个“收到…来信”(hear from—get a letter from—receive a letter from—have a letter from）；（4)两个“擅长于…"（be good at -do well in）；(5)两个“有空”（be free-have time);(6）三个“入睡”（go to sleep—get to sleep—fall asleep）；（7)两个“玩得开心”（enjoy oneself—have a good time）；(8）“给…打电话”（call sb—telephone sb-ring sb.a call-make a telephone to sb.)(9）“飞往…”（fly to…—go to…by air/plane)（10）“自学”(teach oneself-learn…by oneself）（11）在…方面帮助help…with…-help…（to）do…(12)在…差be weak in…—do badly in…(13）能/会…can—be able to(14)更喜欢…like…better than…-prefer…to…（15）充满了…be full of…—be filled with…(16）放弃干…give up doing…—stop doing…(17)不再…no longer—not …any longer（18)照顾/保管take care of…—look after（19)展览on show—on display（20）阻止…干…stop…from doing—keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于thanks to—because of…(22）举手hands up—put up one's hands（23）最后，终于at last-in the end（24）与…不同be different from…—be not the same as…（25)从…借入…borrow…from…—lend…to…(26）乘公汽/火车/的士go to…by bus/train/taxi-take a bus /train/taxi to…（27）乘自行车去…go to…by bike—ride a bike to…（28)为…感到自豪be proud of…—be the pride of…(29）步行去…walk to…-go to…on foot （30)独自地by oneself -alone等.例如:A:The children had a good time in the park.B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.2、同义句型之间的转化.常见的同义句型有①It seems that 从句→Somebody seems（to be）+adj/n ②It's kind of sb. to do…→Somebody is kind to do…③What does…mean?→What do you mean by…? 或What’s the meaning of…？④There is something wrong with…→Something is wrong with…⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换⑥What's wrong with…？→What’s the matter with…? ⑦How is…?→What’s…like…？⑧How do you like…？→What do you think of?⑧It's time that…→It’s time for sb. to do…⑨It’s said that…→People say that…⑩Can I help you? →What can I do for you?例如：A:I went to bed after I finished my homework。

雅思听力：常见核心词同义词转化（二）在雅思听力核心词汇中，有很多词汇大家看起开很简单，但是一旦要听起来就容易写错，容易写成同义词，尤其是在雅思听力考试的紧张的气氛下，更容易让受跟不上耳朵。

那么在雅思听力核心词汇中，有哪些同义词的词汇是我们必须要加以特别注意的呢？凉爽的惊人的-refreshingadj.提神的,凉爽的,使人喜欢的breathtakingadj.惊人的,惊险的起源产生-originatevt.引起,发明,发起,创办vi.起源,发生generatevt.产生,发生残余渣滓-remaindern.残余,剩余物,其他的人,[数]余数remnantn.残余,剩余,零料,残迹adj.剩余的,残留的residuen.残余,渣滓,滤渣,残数,剩余物不平常的非凡的例外的显著的-remarkableadj.不平常的,非凡的,值得注意的,显著的outstandingadj.突出的,显著的extraordinaryadj.非常的,特别的,非凡的,特派的exceptionaladj.例外的,异常的marvelousadj.引起惊异的,不可思议的,非凡的noticeableadj.显而易见的,值得注意的隐藏/展现逃避-concealvt.隐藏,隐蔽,隐瞒revealvt.展现,显示,揭示,暴露evadev.规避,躲避，逃避新生复兴使复原革新刷新-revitalizationn.新生复兴restorevt.恢复,使回复,归还,交还,修复,重建renaissancen.复兴,复活,新生,文艺复兴,文艺复兴时期renewvt.使更新,使恢复,vi.更新,重新开始rehabilitatev.使(身体)康复,使复职,使恢复名誉,使复原renovatevt.革新,刷新,修复refurbishvt.再磨光,刷新撕裂裂口.缺口-ripn.裂口,裂缝v.撕,剥,劈,锯,裂开,撕裂gapn.缺口,裂口,间隙,缝隙,差距,隔阂典礼惯例常规-riten.仪式,典礼,习俗,惯例,礼拜式,教派routinen.例行公事,常规,日常事务,程序ritualn.典礼,(宗教)仪式,礼节adj.典礼的,(宗教)仪式的riotn.暴乱,骚动,(植物,疾病等)蔓延v.骚乱,放纵,挥霍杆轴-rodn.杆,棒shaftn.轴,杆状物对女子-gallantadj.英勇的,豪侠的,对妇女献殷勤的chivalrousadj.尤指对女人体贴及彬彬有礼的,敬重女人的巨大的大块的-giganticadj.巨人般的,巨大的mammothn.猛犸,毛象,庞然大物massiveadj.厚重的,大块的,魁伟的,结实的对于这些在雅思听力核心词汇中的同义词，我们必须要详加记忆它们之间的不同点，无论是在意义上的还是在拼写上的，挣取能做到听到就能下意识的写出来的程度。

同义词转化1./tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial2.big—large—huge3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost4.proportion/ percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement[n.] 涉及，卷入，参与6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于、考虑到，尽管6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce /deductive推断7.fortune/ destiny/ chances8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ exploitplex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的10.capacity能力，容量/ competence（竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee 押金12.solely/ merely/ only13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列of14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人15.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔+ ment =right （权利）17.purchase/ buy18. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n ]19. modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]20. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit22. circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台/ settings后台，布景/ context上下文（文章中）23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的24.移民：immigrant (进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal29.类似于：look like/ resemble30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧33.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及34. indicator/ predictor表示诠释，预测35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray36. therapist /expert/ specialist37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length38. commonest/ frequent39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped40. 退化：degenerate/ -tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/ degrade ->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify42.consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔（体）47．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary(易错拼写：environment/ convenient)49．neutral 中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure.communicate 沟通，传达，通报52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠mitment 1 ~ to sth. 奉献2 责任,义务54．contribute to 导致~ result in /account for (占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently貌岸然的/ obviously=>evidently56.对…怀疑：(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/ suspicious (about/of)57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/ flagrant/ smelly/ odorous59.机构，组织：association/ structure /organization60.超过：exceed/ surpass61.岩浆：molten rock/ lava/ magma62.语言：linguist ~学家/ lingual和~有关的/ bilingual/双语63.多种多样的：diversity/ variety/ breed/ speciesbreed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成64.dialect 方言accent腔调65.开始的，初步的：begin/ launch/ initial (-ly) [v]首字母，开始的/ initiate开始，发动>initiative 原创性= origin66.贫穷：poor/ in poverty/ impoverished（被剥夺财产的）67.杰出：eminence (-t)/ prominence(-t)/unusual68.gene/ genetic defect ~缺陷/ anatomy解剖/ conceive构思，怀孕/ deliver分娩69.辅助性：alternative补充性/ therapist70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive / inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction 归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering/ puzzling/ perplexing72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于73.subsidize辅助/ subsidy补助，补贴/ subsidiary74.a factor in sth/ depend on sth75.be preferred by/ choice76.attitude to/ how77.the present century/ modern society78.broad/ great.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管80. small-scale 小范围/ marginal边缘处的81. physical/ medical82.negotiation/ agreement 谈判，洽谈/ 商定，协议83.evolve/ develop84.apartment/ accommodation 公寓/ 住房85.virtual (love)/ simulate 模拟的（网恋）/ 模拟86.catastrophe/ disaster 大灾难/ 灾难，不幸87.innovate/ invent 革新，创新/ 发明，创造sculpture/ craft 雕刻，雕塑/ 工艺88.exorbitant/ expensive 过度的，极高的/ 费用大的，昂贵的89. be participant in/ take part in /participate inbour [美，澳]/work91.attend to/ take care of92.dual employment/ dual-worker 双职工（家庭）93.indicate/ predict 指示，表明，象征/ 预料，预言A major contributor to/ be central to 来源，起点/ 是…的主要，中心原因94.expert/ therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/ 某个专科的专家95.lead to/ be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）96.balanced/ equitable 平等的97.handicap/ disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的98. could not-and cannot/ has always been unable to by/ from99.benefit/ advantage100.substantial influence/ greater likelihood101.agree on/ define102.considered desirable/ effectiveness103.masquerade/ (in) disguise 伪装104.insignificant/ didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的105.inspect/ examine 审核,检查106．caliber/ criterion 标准107．no-one know>< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfy/ argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌109.pessimism/ negative/ blue >< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/ hardly be looked upon111.identify/ define112.turn… into/ become113.urban/ rural/suburban114.demolish/ knock down/ dismantle 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/ 敲，打115.migration/ move 迁移/ 移动116.pay/ charge sb for 向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉117.separate/ split 分开，使隔绝，提取/ 分，劈开118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住119.not require/ unnecessary 不需要/ 不必要120.decode/ decipher 译解（密码），解释121.delay/ drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/ 欠缺，弊端122.association/ organization 机构，关联/ 组织123.recent/ current/ nowadays/present 最近的/ 现代的/ 当今的/现在124.intensive burst/ explosive release 强烈的爆发/ 爆炸性的释放125.recognized/ identified 承认，识别，认可/ 识别，鉴别126.aim to/ focus on 针对，目标，打算/ 集中127.link…to/ lead to 连接/导致，通向128. inadequate (diet)/ deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/ 缺乏，不足129.basic/ fundamental基础的，基本的130.seize/ catch 捕捉，抓住131.fatal/ lethal 致命的132.success on/ running on 成功133.costly/ be related by 有关系的134.be obtained in/ be derived in 获得，流行，通用/ 由…产生，起源于135.high-income/ wealthy 高收入的/富裕的136.be alike/ be similar to 相同的，相似的137.indicate/ show 显示，指出，象征138. eliminate/ lessen >< 消除/ 减少139. not risen significantly/ stagnate 停滞不前的140.salary/ wage 工资：总称/ 蓝领的141.create/ gain 创造，造成/ 获得，增加efficiently/ increased productivity 有效率的/ 上升的生产率142.economy/ financial 经济143.administration/ management144.(be) sympathetic/ understand 同情的，赞同/ 理解145.introduce/ involve 引入/ 卷入146.change/ different147.die>< exist 死亡><存在148.almost/ approximately149.be out of date/ be developed150.solve/ reduce 减少151.famous/ eminent152.barrier/ hurdle153.higher position/ top post154.Advantage: virtue, merit, benefit , positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage: weakness, failing, weakness, defect, drawback, negative aspect, fault不利,缺点,缺陷156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected, 随意的157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评159.Flaw: weakness, defect 缺点160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力161.Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的163.Success: achievement, feat 成功164.Reason: factor, contributor, origin, 原因165.Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于，因为167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难169.Pollute: contaminate 污染170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降172.Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的。

初中阶段英语同义词近义词转化表同义词近义词转化表同义词1. (Are you)kidding?=joking2. (be)ready=prepared3. (I wonder) if =whether4. (I)suppose(认为)=think5. (in my )opinion=view6. (rain)hard=heavily7. (what a )pity(多遗憾啊). =shame8. a few=some/several9. a large amount of=much10. a little later=minute/moment11. a lot of/lots of/plenty of=many/much12. about(大约)=around13. advice=suggestions14. afraid= frightened/scared15. almost =nearly16. ancient=old17. annoyed =angry18. as well as=and19. as(当…时)=when20. as(因为)=because21. at times= sometimes22. at the start of=beginning23. be amazed at=surprised(对…感到惊奇)24. be going to=will26. be over= end27. become=turn(颜色)/get(温度)28. call(给…打电话)sb=phone sb29. called(叫做)=named30. certain =sure31. chance(机会) =opportunity32. classes=lessons33. clever=wise/smart/bright/intelligent34. common=ordinary(普通的，平凡的)35. complete =finish36. completely=totally(完全地)37. correct = right38. delicious=tasty(美味的)39. die out =disappear40. difficult =hard41. dislike= hate42. don’t have to=needn’t43. dress(衣服) =clothes44. earn money=make45. easy =simple46. enjoy=like/love47. every=each48. exam = test49. excellent=great/wonderful/fantastic50. film=movie51. find out=discover52. fortunately= luckily53. friendly=nice/kind54. funny =interesting55. gift=present(礼物)56. glad=happy57. go on=continue58. grow sth=plant sth59. have tea=drink tea60. have(拥有)= own61. high=tall62. huge=big63. I was deeply moved=touched64. I'm concerned=worried65. I’m not expected to do housework.= required/asked66. in silence=silently67. ill=sick68. main=major(主要的)69. maybe= perhaps70. method=way71. mind(脑海)=brain72. missing(丢失的)=lost73. more than=over74. my look =appearance(外表)75. need=want/require76. notice=see/find77. obey (the rule)=follow(遵守)78. offer sb sth=give79. on (关于)=about80. one more =another81. photos=pictures82. pick (the right out)=choose83. place (sth on the desk)=put84. pleasant=nice85. quiet=silent86. rapid=fast87. recently=lately88. repair=fix/mend89. reply (to)=answer90. rescue=save91. rich= wealthy92. sad=unhappy93. see (the king)=meet94. seem relaxed=appear95. serve (food)=provide/offer96. shout=cry97. special =unusual(特别的)98. speech/lecture/conversation/dialogue=talk99. start(started)=begin(began)100. study=learn101. stupid=foolish/silly102. suggestions =advice103. sure=certain104. take place=happen105. talk about=discuss106. terrible=awful/bad107. the sign said=read108. think about=consider109. tidy=clean110. tiny=small111. trick(sb into doing)=fool112. trip =journey(旅途)113. type=kind/sort114. useful =helpful115. very =quite/pretty116. we don’t mind=care(在意)117. wish (sb to do)=expect118. would like=want同义词语1. (learn) a lot (about)=much2. 2 metres tall =2 metres in height3. a bit of (chinese)= a little4. a borrow sth from b=b lend sth to a5. a eat as much as b= a eat the same amount of food as b6. a little (nervous)=a bit7. a week later =after a week8. achieve one’s dream=realize one’s dream/one’s dream come true9. advise sb to do =suggest sb do sth10. after a while= a moment later11. all over (the world)=around/across/throughout12. almost never=hardly ever13. always =all the time14. another five soldiers=five more soldiers15. any other things= anything else16. arrive at=reach/get to17. as a result of=because of18. as old as=the same age as19. as well=too/also20. as…as possible =as…as sb can21. at present=now/at the present/nowadays22. awake me=wake me up23. be bad for=be harmful to24. be bored with=be tired of25. be full of =be filled with26. be interested in= have/show interest in27. be poor at= be weak in28. be proud of= take pride in29. be supposed to= should30. be unaware of= not know/realize31. beside=next to32. besides sth=in addition to33. between a and b=from a to b34. break (the rule)=be against the rule35. can=be able to36. cause=lead to/result in (引起，导致)37. consist of= be made up of(由…组成)38. cross the road=go across the road39. decide to do=make a decision to do/make up one’s mind to do40. depend on= rely on41. do with=deal with(处理)42. don’t know= have no idea43. each other =one another44. enter=come into(有宾语)/come in(无宾语)45. everyday(日常的)=daily46. everywhere=here and there47. expensive=dear48. famous=well-known49. favourite =like…best50. finally=at last/in the end51. follow sb= go after sb52. for ten years=since ten years ago53. give(gave) up =stop54. go to sleep= fall asleep55. had better do=it’s best for sb to do56. happen=take place57. have a good time =enjoy oneself58. have trouble doing=have difficulty/problems with sth59. he didn’t leave until 11.= he didn’t leave before 11./ he left after 11.60. he is a doctor=he works as a doctor61. hear from=receive/get a letter from62. how much is it?=how much does it cost?= what’s its price?=how much do you pay for it?=how much do you spend on it?=how much is it worth?63. how to spell the word = the spelling of the word64. immediately=at once/right now/right away65. improve =make sth better66. in general=generally speaking(总地来说)67. instead of =rather than68. it has 50 rooms.=there are 50 rooms in it.69. it’s kind of him to do that.= he’s kind to do that70. It’s dangerous for him to do that.= Doing that is dangerous for him.71. just(仅仅，只是)=only72. keep in touch with=communicate with73. know nobody= don’t know anybody74. learn sth by heart= remember sth75. look forward to doing(热切盼望做某事)= can’t wait to do/be dying to do76. look out=watch out77. manage to=try to78. most famous=best-known79. must=have to80. no longer= not…any longer81. not only A, but also B= both A and B82. on either side of the road= on both sides of the road83. one another=each other84. take turns to do(轮流做某事)=do sth one by one=do sth one after another85. pass (the exam) =not fail the exam86. pass by= go past87. play a joke on=laugh at/make fun of88. prefer A to B=like A better than B89. prefer to do rather than do=would rather do than do90. produce=make/create91. put up (your hand)=raise(举起)92. return your call=call you back93. return=go sth back (to sp)/give sth back(to sb)94. review(复习)=go over95. seem to do= it seems that96. set off=start/set out97. set up= build/establish(建立)98.should=ought to100. sit down=take a seat/be seated101. so far= till now(迄今为止)102. so that= in order that(为了，以便于)103. solve (解决)(the problem)=work out the problem104. some=a little/a few(several)105. something new=some new things106. soon=in a short time107.stare at(盯着…看)=fix one’s eyes on108. sth belong to (属于)me= sth is mine/i am the owner of sth. 109. stick with(坚持把…做完)=continue with110. stop( sb from doing)= keep/prevent(阻止某人做某事)111. succeed in doing=be successful in doing/do sth successfully 112. such a tall boy= so tall a boy113. such as=like114. take part in=join in115. taller than any other boy= taller than the other boys116. teach oneself= learn by oneself(自学)117. the following pictures= the pictures below(接下来的图片) 118. there is nothing but = there’s only119. they each are= each of them is120. think of(想出)=come up with121. too…to..=so…that sb can’t/ not…enough to…（太…而不能）122. top (student)=best123. turn into=change into(转变成)124. unless = if…not125. use sth to do = use sth for doing/do…with sth126. visit= call on sb/call at sp127. visitor=tourist/traveller128. walk= go on foot129. we both=both of us130. whatever=no matter what(无论…)131. why not =why don’t you132. win sth= be the winner of sth133. with no problems=easily134. wonder=want to know。

英语句型转换（一）.同义句转换知识点讲解（14种类型）一、运用同义词（组）进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换（又称“词语替代法”），注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。

如：1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers __________.分析：答案为everywhere。

everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.分析：答案为looks after。

take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。

3. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.The children are_________beautiful clothes.4. Every day,Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of basketball fans.Every day,Yao Ming_________thousands of basketball fans.5. Mr. Smith is working.Mr. Smith is__________ __________.答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work二、运用反义词（组）的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词（词组）的积累和换位思维的能力。

接合、转化、转染、转导的区别转化，转导，转染的区别是什么--------------------------------------------------------------------------------转化(transformation)指将质粒或其他外源DNA导入处于感受态的宿主细胞，并使其获得新的表型的过程。

转染（transfection）采用与质粒DNA转化受体细胞相似的方法，即宿主菌先经过CaCl2，电穿孔等处理成感受态细菌，再将重组噬菌体DNA直接导入受体细胞，进入感受态细菌的噬菌体DNA可以同样复制和繁殖，这种方式称为转染。

转染是转化的一种特殊形式。

转导Transduction 是指通过病毒将一个宿主的DNA转移到另一个宿主的细胞中而引起的基因重组现象。

如果供体DNA未与受体DNA发生重组则称此转导过程为流产转导.1、Conjugation 中文翻译为“结合”Conjugation is the mechanism by which genetic material is transferred between two bacterial cells by plasmids. A cell containing a conjugativeplasmid(F+,fertility+)forms a mating pair with a cell that does not contain a conjugative-plasmid(F-)by means of an F-pilus on the surface of the cell.The pilus contracts,pulling the two cells into contact, and the conjugative plasmids(typified by the F plasmid of E.coli ) is transferred from the plasmid-containing cell, the donor, to the recipient(in some cases,pieces of chromosomal DNA is also transfered to the recipient). The tra genes, carried on the F plasmid, contain all the information for the conjugative process.《Instant notes in Microbiology》p125说明：Conjugation 发生在原核生物，这个定义里面的关键是“ The pilus contracts,pulling the two cells into contact”这种细胞间的直接接触。

同义词近义词转化表自测同义词1.准备好(2)2.是否(2)3.认为(2)4.观点(2)5.（雨下的）大(2)6.多遗憾啊(2).7.一些，几个+ (3)8.许多，大量+ (2)9.过了一会(3)10.许多，大量[c ][u ]11.大约(2)12.关于(2)13.建议(2)14.害怕的(3)15.几乎，差不多(2)16.古老的(2)17.生气的(2)18.和(2)19.当…时(2)20.因为(2)21.在那时(3) 23.有时(2)24.开头初(2)25.对…感到惊奇(2)26.将要27.对…感到满意(3)28.结束(2)29.变成(3)(2) (颜色) (温度)30.给…打电话(2)31.叫做(3)32.起因.(2)33.当然(2)34.课程(3)35.聪明的(5)(4)36.完成(2)37.连接.(2)38.正确的(2)39.困难的(2)40.讨厌，不喜欢(2)41.不需要(2)42.衣服(2)43.赚钱(2)44.简单的(2)45.仅仅(2)46.喜欢(3)47.每一个(2)48.日常的(2)49.考试，测验(2)50.检查.-51.很好的，了不起的(4)52.昂贵的(2)53.著名的(2)-54.最有名的(2)-55.电影(2)56.法国人.(3)57.友好的(3)(2)58.有趣的(2)59.礼物(2)60.高兴的(2)61.继续(2)62.种植(2)63.喝茶(2)64.拥有(2)65.高的(2)66.假期.(2)67.巨大的(3)68.想法.(2)69.影响(2)70.兴趣，爱好(2).71.生病的(2)72.上升.(3)73.仅仅，只是(2)74.保持(3)75.最新的(2)76.人类.(3)77.可能(2)78.方法(2)79.脑海，想法(2)80.在意(2)81.丢失的(2)82.超过(2)83.外表(2)84.表情.(2)85.某事需要被做(3) 86.注意到，发现(3)87.提供(2)88.照片(2)89.好的，友善的(2)90.生产，创造(3)91.安静的(2)92.最近(2)93.减少94.修理(3)95.回答，回复(2)96.难过(2)97.见，看望(2)98.既然，因为(2)99.似乎(2)100.严重地.(2)101.特别的(2)102.远离，避免103.开始(2)104.阻止某人做某事(3)105.学习(2)106.愚蠢的(3)107.例如，像(2)108.发生(2)109.上课(2)110.谈论关于(2)111.糟糕的(3)112.考虑(2)113.整洁的(2)114.小的(2)115.旅途(2)116.顶尖的(2)117.种类(3)118.有用的(3)119.很，非常(4)120.希望(2)121.游客.(3)122.想要(2)附加表123.开玩笑(2)124.机会(2)125.普通的，平凡的(2)126.完全地(2)127.美味的(2)128.灭绝(2)129.发现，查明(2)130.幸运地(2)131.感动的(2) 132.担心的(2)133.期望，要求(3) ’. 134.主要的(2)135.遵守(2) 136.沉默地(3)137.另一个，再来一个(2)138.挑选，选择(2)139.放(2)140.迅速的(2)141.拯救(2)142.富有的(2)143.上菜(3)144.喊(2)145.演讲.(5)146.(牌子上)写着(2)147.饮食(2)同义词语转化1.了解许多关于2.两米高3.一点英语4.一点累5.从借某物6.一个很高的男孩(2)7.一周后8.实现某人的梦想(3)9.建议某人做某事10.过了一会11.遍及全世界(4)12.几乎从不13.总是14.另外五个士兵15.一些其他的东西16.到达(3)17.到家18.因为19.和…一样的年纪20.也(3)21.尽可能(2)……22.目前，现在(4) 24.对…有害(2)25.对…感到厌倦26.充满27.对…感兴趣28.擅长于29.不擅长30.为…感到骄傲31.未意识到，觉察到(3)32.打败某人(3)33.在…旁边34.除…之外，还(2)35.在和之间(2)36.违反规则(2)37.能够(2)38.引起，导致(3)39.由…组成(2)40.过马路41.决定做某事(3)’42.依靠，依赖(2)43.死(3)’44.处理45.不知道47.彼此48.进入(2) (有宾语) (无宾语)49.到处50.最喜欢…51.最后(3)52.跟随某人53.持续十年54.放弃55.睡着56.最好做某事’57.过得开心58.做某事有困难(3)59.. 60.他直到11点才离开(3)’61.他从事医生的工作62.收到某人来信63.他的话(2)64.它多少钱(6)65.立刻，马上(4)66.提高，改善68.代替，而不是69.它有50个房间(2).70.他那样做人很好’. ’71.对于他来说那样做很危险’..72.和…保持联络73.谁也不认识’74.热切盼望做某事(3)75.试图做某事76.不得不，必须77.不再，再也不…78.不仅而且79.轮流做某事(3)80.通过考试81.经过，走过82.嘲笑，愚弄83.喜欢胜于84.宁可…，也不…85.举手86.返回某地87.归还某物88.复习89.他似乎很开心(3)90.出发，动身(3)91.建立(3)92.应该93.坐下(3)94.迄今为止95.为了，以便于96.解决这个问题97.不久，很快(3)98.盯着…看’99.某物属于某人(3).100.成功做某事(3)101.如此高的一个男孩(2)102.参加(比赛，活动)103.他是班级最高的男孩(3).104.自学(2) 105.接下来的图片106.他们中的每个都107.想出108.太…而不能(3)109.转变成110.除非，如果不…111.用某物做某事(3)…112.拜访某人113.参观某地(3)114.步行去某地115.我们两个都116.无论是什么117.为什么不做某事’118.赢得这场比赛119.轻易地120.想知道121.和吃一样多的食物(2) 122.如何拼写这个单词123.总地来说124.用心记住125.小心126.在路的两边127.回电话128.一点，一些129.坚持把…做完130.只有一片空地。

变化的同义词是什么变化，意义为事物被另外的事物取代，一起来看看关于变化的同义词，仅供大家参考！谢谢！变化的同义词：变更、蜕化、变幻、转化、变动、发展、转折、改观、蜕变、变革、引证解释1.事物被另外的事物取代。

《易·乾》：“乾道变化，各正性命。

”孔颖达疏：“变，谓后来改前；以渐移改，谓之变也。

化，谓一有一无；忽然而改，谓之为化。

”汉贾谊《鵩鸟赋》：“万物变化兮，固无休息。

” 宋戴复古《昭武太守王子文日与李贾严羽共观前辈》诗之四：“意匠如神变化生，笔端有力任纵横。

”艾青《帐篷》诗：“任凭风吹雨打，我们爱自己的家，它是这样锐敏，反映祖国的变化。

”2.哲学释义。

变化是改的条件，变化决定发展，是结果的原因，是思维的终极目的，是世界的结局，是时间的开端，空间的结尾，是矛盾的主体，是运动的表里，是光明里的黑暗，黑暗里的生机，是有和无的前提，是自我的整个有意无意的全过程变。

《黄帝内经》中关于“生、化、极、变”的事物发生发展规律是这样论述的“物生谓之化,物极谓之变”( 《素问·天元纪大论》) ,“夫物之生从于化 ,物之极由乎变”( 《素问·六微旨大论》) 。

依据文言文格式,“从” 、“由”解释为“从……而来” ,“由……而来” 。

整个句子可译为物之生从化而来, 物之极由变而来, 即新事物产生的过程 ,也就是“化”的过程 ; 而旧事物由小到大发展到盛极的过程, 也就是“变”的过程。

王冰说: “其微也,为物之化; 其甚也 ,为物之变。

”( 《素问·六微旨大论》注) ; 张载也说: “气有阴阳 ,推行有渐为化 ,化而载之谓之变 ,以著显微也”。

( 《正蒙神化》) ; 见李中梓《内经知要》记载: “经曰: 物生谓之化 , 物极谓之变。

……朱子曰 : 变者 ,化之渐; 化者, 变之成。

”李中梓引用朱熹的话 ,阐发变与化的关系 ,可见变是渐变、量变的意思 ,化是渐变已经完成了,即质变。