ABEM TERRALOC马克6型高分辨多道地震仪

Our energy product competencies and servicesMachinery protection | Condition monitoring | Integrated performance monitoring | Partial discharge monitoring | Sensors for extreme environments Ignition systems | Flame detection and analysis | Industrial monitoring solutions | Nuclear productsMachineryMate ™ handheld vibration meter MAC800Meggitt Sensing Systems99194 Rev A.1 12/13Meggitt’s handheld vibration meter helps find machine faults before they impact operation orcause catastrophic failures. The MAC800 can increase productivity and lower maintenance costs by identifying vibration problems including bearing conditions in early and late stages of failure. This simple, easy to use meter records, analyzes and displays vibration signals and comes with built-in band filters for unbalance, misalignment, and looseness. The low Hertz range allows readings on machinery running as slow as 120 RPM.Combined with the included DataMate software, the MAC800 can become the foundation of a plantwide condition monitoring program, supporting up to ten machines. Upgrading to theDataMate Pro software allows monitoring of unlimited machines. The MAC800 meter can be used in most industries including commercial and industrial HVAC, food processing, packing,petrochemical, pulp and paper, power plants and utilities. Options for extended capabilities include high-performance Bluetooth headphones for auditory monitoring, and a strobelight attachment for run speed analysis. MachineryMate ™ kits are available with an assortment of accessories. Use the ordering guide below to find a basic to advanced solution for your monitoring needs.MachineryMate™ systemAccessories Part numberMAC800MAC810MAC820X X X MAC800 meter and DataMate software M800X X XUSB docking cradle MAC001X X X Protective boot MAC002X X X Carrying case MAC003X X Strobelight attachment MAC004X X DataMate Pro software MAC005X Bluetooth headphones MAC006X Headphones case MAC007English MetricSize 7.95” x 2.36 x 1”20 x 6 x 2.6 cmWeight, not including magnet 9.8 oz 280 gEnvironmentalWater Operating temperature Storage temperature IP 67 waterproof +32 to +122° F -4 to +158° F IP 67 waterproof0 to +50° C-20 to +70° CPower supply 2x AA batteries 2x AA batteriesBattery life 20 hours normal use 20 hours normal useFrequency ranges ISO BDU 120 - 60,000 CPM 60 - 600,000 CPM 2 Hz - 1 kHz1 - 10 kHzMax frequency resolution 1.25 Hz at 800 lines FFT setting 1.25 Hz at 800 lines FFT setting Displayed amplitude unitsAcceleration Bearing damage Velocity g BDU in/sec gBDUmm/secDisplayed frequency units Hz CPM or RPMInput range ±60 g 588 m/sec 2Dynamic range, 0.01 g resolution 96 dB 96 dBVA bands Auto set-up Auto set-upAccelerometer connection 500 g peak 4,900 m/sec 2 peakSelectable languages English (default), Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, Turkish,Chinese, Japanese and KoreanAccessories supplied: 780FM-2-J88C accelerometer with integral cable, DataMate software, MAC001 docking station with USB cable, MAC002 protective boot with magnets, MAC003 carrying case with insertAccessories available: MAC004 strobelight attachment, MAC005 DataMate Pro software, MAC006 Bluetooth headphones, MAC007 headphones carrying caseNote: Due to continuous process improvement, specifications are subject to change without notice.This document is cleared for public release.Specifications MachineryMate ™ handheld vibration meter MAC800Our energy product competencies and servicesMachinery protection | Condition monitoring | Integrated performance monitoring | Partial discharge monitoring | Sensors for extreme environments Ignition systems | Flame detection and analysis | Industrial monitoring solutions | Nuclear products Meggitt Sensing Systems。

槽波地震仪正如前言所述，德国DMT公司研发的新一代防爆槽波地震仪Summit ⅡEx是世界上最先进的槽波地震仪，目前它已销往西班牙、波兰、英国、俄罗斯等欧洲产煤国，并在德国国内得到广泛应用。

我国义马煤业集团和河北煤炭研究院、龙煤集团、中国矿业大学定购了新一代防爆槽波地震仪Summit Ⅱ Ex。

在工作面实测验收结果表明，仪器性能先进、轻便、操作简单，工作非常稳定，观测结果理想。

我国定购的防爆槽波地震仪Summit Ⅱ Ex均已圆满通过“安标国家矿用产品安全标志中心”和“煤炭工业电气防爆检验站”的安全防爆检测，并已获得“进口矿用产品安全标志证书”。

1.Summit Ⅱ Ex 防爆槽波地震仪包括：中心站（主机）数据采集站中继站双分量水平检波器触发单元触发脉冲单元爆炸机（可选用国内矿用爆炸机）数据传输电缆充电器槽波数据处理和解释软件包现简述如下：1）中心站（主机）外壳和键盘均采用不锈钢金属材料，专为井下勘探设计，具有极高安全系数和防爆功能。

15英寸LED背光彩色显示器，四组镍镉防爆可充电电池。

主机控制整个仪器操作，数据采集、管理和实时显示观测结果。

重22Kg。

配置四组防爆可充电电池。

2）数据采集站采集站外壳为导电塑料材质，具极高防爆功能，有2个状态指示灯LED指示采集站工作状态，重2.7Kg。

3）中继站中继站外壳以导电塑料材料。

每250m长测线接一个中继站，用来增强信号信号幅度。

状态指示灯LED代表中继站工作状态。

重2.7kg。

4）双分量水平检波器检波器互为垂直的双分量水平检波器，直径为55mm 。

检波器插入煤层中的孔洞后，用气筒给检波器胶囊充气使其膨胀，以便检波器紧紧的贴在巷道壁上。

在移出检波器时，只需轻轻按下阀门便可释放橡胶囊内部气体。

重3.3Kg 。

5）触发单元当触发单元接收到爆炸信号后，便立即触发数据采集单元和中继站开始记录，重 2.7Kg主机中内置的 USB 接口也具有触发功能，可以代替触发单元。

70***************MODELO 6418Diseñado para medición de impedancia de tierra en picasy barras bus de puesta a tierraCARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA ABERTURACARACTERÍSTICAS• Medición de la integridad de puesta a tierra • Pantalla OLED multifunción de (48 x 39) mm• Diámetro de pinza amplio para medir cables y barras bus • Almacenamiento de medidas (Ω y/o A, con estampa de tiempo)• Hasta 300 medidas almacenadas• Muestra las medidas almacenadas en la pantalla OLED • Función de apagado automático• Función HOLD de retención de lecturas automática• Función de alarma con umbral ajustable y señal acústica para verificaciones rápidas de campo para amperios y ohmios • Pinza y cuerpo de material Lexan ® resistente a roturas• Ajustes de alarma e información almacenada en la memoria guardados durante el apagado• Ícono de ruido y señal acústica de alerta al usuario ante la presencia de niveles de corriente y tensión peligrosos• Diseñado según los estándares de seguridad EN 61010-1, 100 V CAT IV 150 V CAT III• Calibración de la pinza automática durante el encendidoINCLUYEMaletín de transporte, bucle de calibración de 5 Ω, cuatro baterías AA de 1,5 V, correa para la muñeca y manual de usuario.Rev.00 03/2023 *************** 71PANTALLAS DE FUNCIONESRESULTADOS DE MEDICIÓN MODO DE RECUPERACIÓN DE MEMORIA ALARMADETECCIÓN DE BUCLES TENSIÓN A TIERRA IMPEDANCIA SOBRE EL RANGOMuestra la corriente de fuga y la impedanciadel bucle en la frecuencia de prueba Pantalla de fecha y hora del almacenamiento de mediciones Indica el umbral de la alarma de corriente o tensión junto con la dirección de impedanciaDetecta y muestra lecturas falsas asociadas con bucles de metal Indica la tensión potencial en el puntode mediciónIndica que la impedancia es mayor a 1500 ΩSelección de modo avanzado Función HOLD (retención)Indicador de cierre incorrecto de la pinzaIndicador de apagado automático Indicador de señal acústica activada Pantalla de fecha y hora de mediciónIndicador de carga de bateríaPantalla superior demedición de 4000 cuentas Unidad de medición de pantalla superiorUnidad de medición de pantalla principalUnidad de pantalla de medición de alarmaSeñal de tensión peligrosaPantalla de umbral de alarma Indicador de umbral de alarma Pantalla de medición principal Indica cuando el componente inductivo es insignificante enmodo avanzado Los símbolos identifican el valor mostrado en modo avanzado Modo MEM de almacenamientode datos Modo MR de recuperación dememoria Pantalla de índice de memoria Indicador de conexión Bluetooth(sólo modelo 6417)(no disponible en el modelo 6418)otro cable de prueba.*** Se deben adquirir 2 sondas SR1983 o MN82 adicionales como accesorio78 ***************。

Features and Benefits￭Based on advanced AMR Technology with 0~360°Full Range Angle Sensing ￭14 bit Core Resolution￭Maximum Rotation Speed 25,000 RPM ￭Output Propagation Delay <2 us￭-40~125℃ Industry Operating Temperature Range￭Output Interface: ABZ、UVW，PWM or SPI ￭Incremental ABZ Resolution 1~1024 Pulses per Revolution User Programmable ￭UVW Output Resolution 1~16 Pole-Pairs per Revolution User Programmable ￭SOP-8 PackageGeneral DescriptionTheMagnTekrotarypositionsensorMT6816is an IC based on advanced AMR technology.A rotating magnetic field in the x-y sensor plane delivers two sinusoidal output signals which indicating the angle(α)between the sensor and the magneticfield direction.The sensor is only sensitive to the magnetic field direction in x-y plane as the sensing element output is specially designed to be independent from the magnet field strength.This allows the device to be less sensitive to magnet variations,stray magnetic fields,air gap changes and off-axis misalignment.TheincrementalABZoutputmodeisavailable in this sensor series,making thechip suitable to replace various optical encoders.The maximum resolution is 4096steps or 1024pulses per revolutionA standard SPI (3-Wire or 4-Wire)interface allows a host microcontroller to read out the 14-bit absolute angle position data from MT6816.The absolute angle position is also provided as a 12bit PWM output.Applications￭Absolute Angle Position Sensor ￭BLDC Motor Control ￭Servo Motor Control ￭Stepping Motor Control ￭Optical EncoderReplacementTable of ContentsFeatures and Benefits (1)Applications (1)General Description (1)1Pin Configuration (3)2Function Diagram (4)3Absolute Maximum Ratings (5)4Operating Conditions (5)5Electrical Characteristics (6)6Magnetic Input Specifications (8)7Output Mode (9)7.1I/O Pin Configuration (9)7.2Reference Circuit for ABZ,UVW and PWM Mode (10)7.3Quadrature A,B and Zero-Position Output Signal(ABZ Mode) (11)7.4UVW Output Mode (15)7.5Pulse Width Modulation(PWM)Output Mode (16)7.6SPI Interface (17)7.6.1SPI Reference Circuit (17)7.6.2SPI Timing Diagram (18)7.6.34-Wire SPI (19)7.6.43-Wire SPI (20)7.6.5SPI Read Angle Register (21)8MTP Programming (23)9Magnet Placement (24)10Mechanical Angle Direction (25)11Package Information (26)12Copy Rights and Disclaimer (27)13Revision History (28)1. Pin Configuration3Figure 1: Pin Configuration of MT6816(SOP-8) PackagePart Number DescriptionMT6816CTSOP-8 Package, Tube Pack (100pcs/Tube) or Tape & Reel Pack (3000pcs/Reel)Family MembersPin List*SOP-8 Reflow Sensitivity Classification: MSL-3Sensing Center at Geometry Center12348765Name #Type Description CSN 1Digital Input SPI Chip SelectionHVPP 2Power Supply OTP Programming Supply（7V）or SPI Enable OUT 3Digital Output PWM Output VDD 4Power Supply 3.3~5.0V SupplyA/U 5Digital Input/output Incremental Signal A/U or SPI MOSI(4-Wire), SDAT(3-Wire)B/V 6Digital Input/output Incremental Signal B/V or SPI MISO(4-Wire)Z/W 7Digital Input Incremental Signal Z/W or SPI Clock GND8GroundGround2. Functional DiagramFigure 2: Block DiagramThe MT6816is manufactured in a CMOS standard process and uses advanced magnet sensing technology to sense the magnetic field distribution across the surface of the chip.The integrated magnetic sensing element array is placed around the center of the device and delivers a voltage representation of the magnetic field at the surface of the IC.Figure 2shows a simplified block diagram of the chip,consisting of the magnetic sensing element modeled by two interleaved Wheatstone bridges to generate cosine and sine signals,gain stages,analog-to-digital converters (ADC)for signal conditioning,and a digital signal processing (DSP)unit for encoding.Other supporting blocks such as LDO,etc.are also included.G GADCADCDSPLDO CalibrationNVMABZ /-A-B-ZPWMVDD HVPPA B ZOUTCSNM U XOSCSPIUVWVSS Angle CalculationInterpolatorMagnetic Sensing ElementI/V REF3. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Non-Operating)ParameterMin.Max.Unit NotesDC Voltage at Pin VDD -0.5 6.5V DC Voltage at Pin HVPP-0.58V Terminal Voltage at Input and Output Pins -0.5VDD V ABZ,OUT Output Current at Output Pins -2020mA ABZ, OUT Storage Temperature-55150℃Electrostatic Discharge (CDM)-±1.0KV Electrostatic Discharge (HBM)-±3.0KVStresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings”may cause permanent damage to the device.These are stress ratings only.Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Operating Conditions”is not implied.Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.4. Operating ConditionsParameterMin.Max.Unit DC Voltage at Pin VDD3.0 5.5V DC Voltage at Pin HVPP (If Used) 6.757.25V Magnetic Flux Density Range 301,000mT Rotation Speed -25,000RPM Operating Temperature-40125℃5. Electrical CharacteristicsOperation conditions:Ta=-40to 125℃,VDD=3.0~5.5V unless otherwise noted.Symbol1Parameter Conditions/Notes Min.Typ.Max.Unit VDD Supply Voltage - 3.0 3.3~5.0 5.5V HVPP Supply Voltage - 6.757.07.25V Idd Supply Current -51015mA LSB Resolution (ABZ Mode)N Steps per Cycle -360°/N -°INL Integral Non-Linearity Note(1)-±0.75±1.5°DNL Differential Non-Linearity (ABZ Mode), Figure 3@1000 PPR-±0.01-°TN Transition Noise (ABZ Mode)25℃, HYST=4 Note(2)-0.01-°rms Hyst Hysteresis (ABZ Mode)HYST=0 Note(2)-0.022-°T PwrUp Power-Up Time VDD Ramp<10us-16-ms T DelayPropagation Delay-13usPWM Output Characteristics Conditions/Notes Min.Typ.Max.Unit FPWM PWM Frequency Programmable -971.1/485.6-Hz T Rise Rising Time C L =1nF --1us T FallFalling TimeC L =1nF--1usNote (1):The typical error value can be achieved at room temperature and with no off-axis misalignment error.The maximum error value can be achieved over operation temperature range,at maximum air gap and with worst-case off-axis misalignment error.Note (2):HYST could be set to:0=1LSB,1=2LSB,2=4LSB,3=8LSB,4=0LSB,5=0.25LSB,6=0.5LSB,7=1LSB.Here 1LSB=360°/214=0.022°.Digital I/O Characteristics(Push-Pull Type in Normal Mode)Symbol Parameter Conditions/Notes Min.Typ.Max.Unit V IH High Level Input Voltage-0.7*VDD--V V IL Low Level Input Voltage---0.3*VDD V V OH GPIO Output High Level Push-pull (Iout=2mA)VDD-0.25--V V OL GPIO Output Low Level Push-pull(Iout=2mA)--0.25VFigure 3: Drawing Illustration INL, DNL and TN (for 10 bit case)6. Magnetic Input SpecificationsOperation conditions:Ta=-40to 125℃,VDD=3.0~5.5V unless otherwise noted,two-pole cylindrical diametrically magnetized source.Symbol ParameterConditions/Notes Min.Typ.Max.UnitDmag Diameter of Magnet Recommended Magnet: Ø10mm x 2.5mm for Cylindrical Magnets -10-mmTmag Thickness of Magnet -- 2.5-mm Bpk Magnetic Input Field Amplitude Measure at the IC Surface 30-1,000mT AG Air Gap Magnetic to IC Surface Distance- 2.0 3.0mm RSRotation Speed--25,000RPMDISPOff Axis MisalignmentMisalignment ErrorBetween Sensor Sensing Center and Magnet Axis (See Figure 4)--0.3mmTCmag1Recommended Magnet Material and Temperature Drift CoefficientNdFeB (Neodymium Iron Boron)--0.12-%/℃TCmag2SmCo (Samarium Cobalt)--0.035-Figure 4: Magnet ArrangementAir GapOff-axis MisalignmentN S7. Output ModeThe MT6816provides ABZ,UVW and PWM signals at output pins,and also 14-bit absolute angle position data could be transferred by SPI interface (Both 3-Wire and 4-Wire modes).7.1 I/O Pin ConfigurationPin#3-Wire SPI4-Wire SPIABZ+PWMUVW+PWM1CSN CSN VDD VDD 3PWM PWM PWM PWM 5SDAT MOSI A U 6-MISO B V 7SCKSCKZWI/O Pin Configuration For SOP-8package,ABZ,UVW,PWM and SPI Interface are configured as below table.Figure 5: ABZ, UVW and PWM Output Reference Circuit w/o MTP Programming7.2 Reference Circuit for ABZ, UVW and PWM ModeFigure 6: ABZ, UVW and PWM Output Reference Circuit w/i MTP Programming12348765A/UB/V Z/W VDDTVS(6V)0.1ufPWM NC12348765A/UB/V Z/W VDDTVS(6V)0.1ufPWM HVPP1uf NC7.3 Quadrature A,B and Zero-Position Output (ABZ Mode)As shown in Figure 7,when the magnet rotates counter-clock-wise (CCW),output B leads output A by 1/4cycle,when the magnet rotates clock-wise (CW),output A leads output B by 1/4cycle (or 1LSB).Output Z indicates the zero position of the magnet.After chip power-on,the ABZ output is blocked for 16ms to guarantee proper output.Figure 7: ABZ output with VDD power onAZCCWB360°VDDCW16msOutput Z indicates the zero position of the magnet and the pulse width of Z is selectable as 1,2,4,8,12,16LSBs and 180°as shown in Figure 8and Figure 9.It is guaranteed that one Z pulse is generated for every rotation.The zero position is user programmable。

CONMUTADORES DE NIVEL DE LÍQUIDO NEMA 6 DE ALTA TEMPERATURA Construcción de acero inoxidableU Clasificados como NEMA 6U M odelos de alta presión de hasta 1000 psi U S eleccionable por el usuario, normalmente abierto o normalmente cerrado U S e monta verticalmente, en la parte superior o inferior del depósito U A decuado para aplicaciones duras o corrosivas Estos conmutadores de nivel de líquido están sellados con un compuesto de encapsulado. La única ruta del líquido hacia el conmutador eléctrico sería a través de los hilos. Si los hilos se introducen adecuadamente (por ejemplo, conectores NEMA 6), el conmutador de nivel llegará a o superará la calificación de NEMA 6 y será apropiado para años de operaciones “sin preocupaciones” en entornos cargados de humedad. Un conmutador sellado SPST proporciona una precisión constante y un alto nivel de repetibilidad, a la vez que minimiza los efectos de choque, vacío o vibraciones. Este conmutador es extremadamente versátil puesto que es seleccionable por el usuario y se abre o cierra normalmente, simplemente invirtiendo el flotador o el montaje del conmutador. Los adaptadores NPT macho estándar permiten una rápida instalación tanto en la parte superior como inferior del tanque o recipiente.ESPECIFICACIONES Material de la boquilla: Acero inoxidable 316Material del flotador: Acero inoxidable 316Temperatura de funcionamiento: -40 a 149 °C (-40 a 300 °F)Presión nominal máxima: De 225 a 1000 psi Montaje: LVN-40 y LVN-50: NPT de 1⁄8 LVN-52: NPT de 1⁄4Conmutador: SPST Accionamiento del conmutador: Aprox. la mitad de la distancia entre el final de la boquilla y el montaje o un punto i ntermedio del recorrido del flotador en el líquido de gravedad específica 1,0Hilos conductores: 20 CAE, 24" PVC Gravedad específica del flotador: LVN-40: 0.72 LVN-50: 0.70 LVN-52: 0.64Ejemplos de pedidos: LVN-52, conmutador de nivel de líquido de alta temperatura. LVN-40, conmutador de nivel de líquido de alta temperatura.El modelo LVN-52 se muestra en su tamaño real.Serie LVN-40K-99El modelo LVN-50 se muestra en su tamaño real.。

煤矿超前探测防爆系统1.德国DMT公司煤矿井下探测系统：德国DMT公司已有150多年历史，是德国三家煤矿开采技术公司合并而成，属于鲁尔集团。

DMT研发和生产多种与煤矿勘探和安全生产有关的仪器设备。

例如：•Summit X One地震仪•Summit M Hydra防爆矿震监测仪•DMT井下和地面三维导航以及实体精确定位系统•SBS煤层窥视仪和煤层结构成像系统•井下高密度电法仪•Summit ⅡEx井下防爆槽波地震仪•井下超前探测防爆系统井下防爆槽波地震仪SummitⅡEx在世界上独树一帜，我国河南义马煤业集团2000年引进，经创造性应用获得巨大成功，保证了安全生产，仅在躲避薄煤层开采方面就创造了近两亿元产值，并获得国家科技部的“绿色矿山科学技术”一等奖，最近又购进一套Summit ⅡEx槽波地震仪。

山西晋城煤业集团从2014年至2018年先后购买三套槽波地震仪，在探测陷落柱和掘进巷道超前探测等方面获得巨大成功。

目前国内有11家煤业集团和高校在应用DMT公司的槽波地震仪。

井下超前探测系统是在Summit ⅡEx槽波地震仪基础上扩展应用而成，晋煤集团称之为DSAD系统，仪器组成大大简化，价格大大降低，重量大大降低。

2.煤矿掘进巷道超前探测目的和方法煤矿很多安全事故发生在掘进巷道的掘进过程中，因此探测掘进巷道前方的地质构造和异常体并提前预防，对保证安全掘进十分重要。

虽然有几种探测手段，但根据地震槽波反射原理，探测掘进巷道前方的断层、破碎带、陷落柱、采空区等是最有效的方法。

煤矿掘进巷道多位于煤层之中，位于煤层中的激发源，例如锤击或炸药（统称炮点）将在煤层中产生纵波、横波和面波（勒夫波为主），它们向巷道外围扩散，遇到异常体产生反射。

超前探测是识别来自巷道前方的反射波，并对其进行处理，以确定反射体的位置。

超前探测有不同的观测系统和数据处理方法。

在检波器和炮点同时布置在巷道的同一侧时称之为分布式观测系统。

按检波器和炮点的位置分布关系分为前置观测系统和后置观测系统，图1中检波器G1,G2位于炮点S1-S10后方，称为后置观测系统。

Technical DataThe Fluke 1621 is an easy-to-use earth ground tester.The first line of defense in detecting reliable ground connections, the unit features basic ground testing methods including 3-pole Fall-of-Potential as well as 2-pole ground resistance. Its convenient size, rugged holster, and large, clear LCD display make it an ideal field earth tester, for most work environments. With a simple user interface and intuitive functionality, the Fluke 1621 is a handy tool for electrical contractors, utility test engineers, and earth ground specialists.Fluke 1621Basic Earth Ground Tester• 3-pole Fall-of-Potential earth testing for basic measurements • 2-pole resistance measurements for added versatility • Easily capture values with single-button operation• Ensure accurate measurements with automatic ‘noise’ voltage detection • Hazardous voltage warning offers increased user protection • Clearly read and record data with a large, backlit display • Rugged holster and design for tough work environments • Portable size allows for easy transportation• Instantly be alerted to measurements outside of your set limit, whenyou use the adjustable limit settingGeneral specificationsMeasuring functions 3-pole earth ground resistance, 2 pole ac resistance of a conductor, Interference voltageIntrinsic error Refers to the reference temperature range and is guaranteed for one year Measuring rate 2 measurements/second BatteryOne 9 volt alkaline (LR61)Battery condition LO-BAT is displayed if voltage drops below 6.5 VVoltages Between jacks H/C2 and E/C1: 250 Veff maximum (effective voltage)Between jacks S/P2 and E/C1: 250 Veff maximumClimatic classVDE/VDI 3540 RZ (conforming to KWG as per DIN 40040, 4/87)Temperature performanceWorking: -10 °C to +50 °C (+14 °F to +122 °F)Operating: 0 °C to +35 °C (+32 °F to +95 °F) Storage: -20 °C to +60 °C (+68 °F to +140 °F)Reference: +23 °C ± 2 °C (+73 °F ± 4 °F)Note: If the tester is not going to be used, or is being stored for a long period, remove the battery and store separately from the tester to avoid damage from battery leakage.Note: The four temperature ranges for the tester exists to satisfy European Standards requirements; the instrument can be used over the full working temperature range by using the temperature coefficient to calculate accuracy at the ambient temperature of use.2 Fluke Corporation Fluke 1621 Basic Earth Ground TestterGeneral specifications cont.Temperature coefficient ± 0.1 % of range per degree KelvinSafety IEC/EN 61010-1, 600 V CAT II, pollution degree 2Dimensions 113 mm x 54 mm x 216 mm (4.5 in x 2.1 in x 8.5 in.), including holster Weight850 g (1.9 lb), including standard accessories, volume approximately 600 cm 3R E resistance measurementMeasuring methodCurrent-voltage measurement with improved cross-talk attenuation, no compensation of measuring lead resistance, with probe (3-pole) or without probe (2-pole), as per IEC/EN 61557-5Open circuit voltage 23 to 24 V ac Short circuit current > 50 mA ac Measuring frequency 128 Hz Maximum permissible overload 250 VeffElectrical specificationsMaximum deviationsParameterInfluence factorDeviation influenceE 1Position 0 %E 2Supply voltage 0 %E 3Temperature E 32.3 %E 4Serial interference voltage (20 V)0.6 %E 5Probe- and auxiliary probe resistance10 %Test voltage 3.7 kVProtection type IP 40; IEC/EN 60529Electromagnetic compatibilityEmission: IEC/EN 61326 Class B Immunity: IEC/EN 61326 Annex CMeasuring time 8 seconds (average from when START is pressed)Limit inputTester retains set value even if instrument is turned off (assuming battery power supply is sufficient)Note: If tester detects stray interference voltage ≥ 20 V, W is displayed and the measurement is not started.Measuring range Resolution Display range Intrinsic uncertainty Operating uncer-tainty IEC 61557[1]0.15 W to 20 W0.01 W 0 to 19.99 W ± (6 % of measured value+ 5D)± (18 % of measuredvalue + 5D)200 W 0.1 W 20 to 199.9 W 2 k W1 W200 to 1999 WNotes:[1] Covers all deviations caused by influence quantities E 1-E 5.If the deviation E 4 caused by high probe or auxiliary probe resistance is higher than specified flashes. Measured values are outside of the specified operating uncertainty.Ordering informationFluke-1621 Earth Ground TesterIncludes:• Users manual• Two measuring leads withalligator clips, 2 m (6 ft)• One battery, 9 V alkaline (LR61)• One protective holster, yellow • One CD-ROMOptional accessories• Cable-Reel 50 m Ground/EarthCable Reel 50 M Wire (162.5 ft)• Cable-Reel 25 m Ground/Earth Cable Reel 25 M Wire (81.25 ft)• Earth Stake Ground/Earth Stake • ES-162P3 Stake Set for 3-Pole Measurement (includes three stakes, one 50 M cable reel, and one 25 M cable reel)Automatic changeover of resolutionR H Resolution < 7 k W 0.01 W < 50 k W 0.1 W > 50 k W1 WInterference voltage display dc + acVmax30 VeffCommon mode rejection > 80 dB at 50 Hz and 60 Hz Ri680 k WMeasuring uncertainty< 10 % for pure ac and dc signalsFluke. Keeping your world up and running.®Fluke CorporationPO Box 9090, Everett, WA USA 98206Fluke Europe B.V.PO Box 1186, 5602 BD Eindhoven, The NetherlandsFor more information call:In the U.S.A. (800) 443-5853 or Fax (425) 446-5116In Europe/M-East/Africa +31 (0) 40 2675 200 or Fax +31 (0) 40 2675 222In Canada (800)-36-FLUKE or Fax (905) 890-6866From other countries +1 (425) 446-5500 or Fax +1 (425) 446-5116Web access: ©2007 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Printed in U.S.A. 6/2007 3057417 D-EN-N Rev A。

六自由度地震模拟试验台运动轨迹规划翟华;朱晓锋;丁煦;左根明【摘要】本文以六自由度地震模拟试验台为研究对象,构建了位姿反解模型.提出了一种六自由度地震模拟试验台运动轨迹规划方法,通过位姿反解模型推导出了六自由度地震模拟试验台与手动六自由度平台之间关节空间和工作空间的相似关系.利用相似性关系获得六自由度地震模拟试验台驱动缸的运动方程,实现对手动六自由度平台的运动过程再现.建立了六自由度地震模拟试验台与手动六自由度平台仿真模型,仿真实验结果验证了相似结构六自由度平台之间驱动缸和上平台的运动特性曲线关系.为六自由度地震模拟试验台的控制系统的设计提供参考.%Taking the 6-DOF (6 degrees of freedom) earthquake simulation test bench as the research object,the position inverse solution model has been constructed.A trajectory planning method of 6-DOF earthquake simulation test bench has been put forward.The similarity relationship between joints space and work space among 6-DOF earthquake simulation test bench and manual 6-DOF platform has been derived through the position inverse solution model.The motion equation of driven cylinder for 6-DOF earthquake simulation test bench has been obtained by use of similarity method.The manual 6-DOF platform motion process has been realized again.The simulation models for 6-DOF earthquake simulation test bench and manual 6-DOF platform have been established.The relationship of motion characteristic curve for driven cylinder and the platform between the 6-DOF platforms with similar structure has been verified according tothe simulation and experimental results.It provides reference for the design of control system for 6-DOF earthquake simulation test bench.【期刊名称】《锻压装备与制造技术》【年(卷),期】2017(052)004【总页数】5页(P51-55)【关键词】六自由度平台;轨迹规划;虚拟样机;运动学仿真【作者】翟华;朱晓锋;丁煦;左根明【作者单位】合肥工业大学工业与装备技术研究院,安徽合肥230009;合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,安徽合肥230009;航空结构件成形制造与装备安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230009;合肥工业大学工业与装备技术研究院,安徽合肥230009;合肥工业大学工业与装备技术研究院,安徽合肥230009;航空结构件成形制造与装备安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230009;安徽新视野科教文化股份有限公司,安徽铜陵244000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP242.6地震模拟试验台是依据地震波运动机理，模拟地震时地面的剧烈抖动、摇晃运动形式的专用实验仪器。

地震仪器基础知识嘿，朋友们！今天咱来聊聊地震仪器这些好玩意儿。

你说地震这玩意儿，就像个调皮的小孩，时不时就来闹一下，让人心里直犯嘀咕。

那这时候地震仪器可就派上大用场啦！就好比你在黑夜里走路，手里总得有个手电筒照亮不是？地震仪器就是咱了解地震这个小调皮的“手电筒”。

想象一下，地震仪器就像是地球的听诊器。

它能捕捉到地球的“心跳”，也就是那些微弱的震动信号。

这些仪器各种各样，有测震的，有监测地壳形变的，还有专门研究地震波的呢！比如说那个测震仪吧，它可敏感啦！稍微有点风吹草动，它就能感觉得到。

就像一只警惕的小狗，一有动静就汪汪叫。

它能精确地记录下地震发生的时间、强度和位置，让我们能快速了解情况。

还有那个地壳形变监测仪，就像是地球的“裁缝”，时刻关注着地球的“衣服”有没有变形。

它能发现那些细微的地壳变化，给我们提前敲响警钟。

你知道吗，这些地震仪器可金贵着呢！得好好爱护它们，就像爱护咱自己的宝贝一样。

它们在一些地震监测站里，有专门的工作人员照顾着。

这些工作人员就像细心的家长，每天都要查看仪器是不是正常工作，数据有没有异常。

咱可别小看了这些仪器和工作人员。

正是因为有了他们，我们才能在地震来临时，不至于手忙脚乱。

他们就像是我们的“守护天使”，默默地为我们保驾护航。

那这些仪器的数据有啥用呢？用处可大啦！科学家们可以通过这些数据来研究地震的规律，预测未来可能发生的地震。

这就好比我们知道了天气预报，就能提前做好准备，是带伞还是穿厚衣服。

而且，这些数据还能帮助我们在地震发生后，更好地进行救援和重建工作。

知道哪里受灾最严重，就能把救援力量集中到那里，让更多的人得到及时的救助。

你说地震仪器是不是很了不起？它们虽然不会说话，但却用自己的方式在保护着我们。

所以啊，我们可得好好感谢它们，感谢那些为地震监测事业默默奉献的人们。

总之，地震仪器是我们了解地震、应对地震的重要工具。

它们就像我们的好朋友，时刻陪伴着我们，为我们的安全保驾护航。