PHILIPS 单色LCD驱动器COG模块设计指南

液晶显示模块技术手册RT12864-2M(中文字库)中国电子前沿Http：//一、液晶显示模块概述RT12864M汉字图形点阵液晶显示模块，可显示汉字及图形，内置8192个中文汉字（16X16点阵）、128个字符（8X16点阵）及64X256点阵显示RAM（GDRAM）。

主要技术参数和显示特性:电源：VDD 3.3V~+5V(内置升压电路，无需负压)；显示内容：128列× 64行显示颜色：黄绿显示角度：6：00钟直视LCD类型：STN与MCU接口：8位或4位并行/3位串行配置LED背光多种软件功能：光标显示、画面移位、自定义字符、睡眠模式等二、外形尺寸外观尺寸：93×70×12.5mm 视域尺寸：73×39mm外形尺寸图11.5外形尺寸二、模块引脚说明逻辑工作电压(VDD)：4.5～5.5V电源地(GND)：0V工作温度(Ta)：0～60℃(常温) / -20～75℃（宽温）三、接口时序模块有并行和串行两种连接方法（时序如下）：1、8位并行连接时序图MPU写资料到模块MPU从模块读出资料2、串行连接时序图串行数据传送共分三个字节完成：第一字节：串口控制—格式11111ABCA为数据传送方向控制：H表示数据从LCD到MCU，L表示数据从MCU到LCDB为数据类型选择：H表示数据是显示数据，L表示数据是控制指令C固定为0第二字节：(并行)8位数据的高4位—格式DDDD0000第三字节：(并行)8位数据的低4位—格式0000DDDD串行接口时序参数：(测试条件：T=25℃VDD=4.5V)四、用户指令集指令表—2：（RE=1：扩充指令集）备注：1、当模块在接受指令前，微处理顺必须先确认模块内部处于非忙碌状态，即读取BF 标志时BF 需为0，方可接受新的指令；如果在送出一个指令前并不检查BF 标志，那么在前一个指令和这个指令中间必须延迟一段较长的时间，即是等待前一个指令确实执行完成，指令执行的时间请参考指令表中的个别指令说明。

液晶显示模块抗ESD研究摘要:本文介绍了液晶显示器件(LCD)面临的主要静电问题，并针对其特殊性提出了一种利用？组件设计解决抗静电放电（ESD）的方法，取得良好效果。

该方法主要包括：保护性接地；？空域防护——屏蔽；增大I/O端口的分布电感；特殊工艺等。

0 引言(在微电子技术高度发达的今天，电子设备从电子管、晶体管到集成电路，以惊人的速度朝着高集成化、微型化、低功耗、数字化、智能化方向发展。

特别是近十年来，)超大规模集成电路与计算机技术的迅速发展，使得电路对各种电磁干扰变得更加敏感。

液晶显示(LCD)由于其功耗低、被动显示、易于驱动、不含有害射线等优点被广泛使用，目前已成为便携式设备首选显示器件，有着广阔的发展前景。

(液晶显示模块作为电子设备的显示部件，)也起着等效接收天线的作用，是电磁能量的耦合通道，制约着整个电子设备的电磁抗扰度。

在诸多电磁干扰问题中，静电放电（Electrostatics discharge, ESD）问题越来越成为高端液晶器件特别是信息通讯产品急需解决的技术难题：一方面在器件制造过程中，由于其工艺特点，极易产生静电并造成产品损失；另一方面LCM中的IC等元器件及电子线路也易于受到静电冲击的干扰,在高端液晶器件特别是信息通讯产品上抗静电冲击已经成为必检项目。

静电放电是一种常见的近场电磁危害源，静电放电过程是高电压、强电场、瞬时大电流过程，其电流波形的上升时间可小于1ns。

近年来的研究发现，伴随静电放电过程产生的强电磁辐射，称为静电放电电磁脉冲（ESD EMP），是各种通信和控制系统的近场电磁干扰(EMI)源，由于它具有频带宽、峰值大、发生频率高的特点，对电子系统的危害程度可与核电磁脉冲、雷电电磁脉冲相提并论。

随着电子器件集成度的提高，其敏感度不断增加，静电放电造成的危害越来越大。

静电放电造成的危害，在微电子技术领域全球每年损失高达数百亿美元。

目前，通常采用在设备或电路端口串联或并联保护器件或保护网络的方法，降低进入电子电路的静电放电电磁脉冲强度，从而提高电子设备抗静电能力。

electronic user's manualSafety & Troubleshooting安全与故障排除信息安全注意事项与维护 •故障排除 •监管信息 •其他有关信息返回页首安全注意事项与维护连接与使用计算机显示器前请阅读并遵循以下说明：z 如果在一段时期内不会使用显示器，将显示器电源插头拔下。

z 切勿尝试拆除背板，否则可能遭受电击。

仅限合格维护人员拆除背板。

z请勿将物体放置在显示器顶部，物体可能跌入通风口，或遮蔽通风口，影响显示器电子装置正常冷却。

z为避免电击风险或永久性损坏机器，切勿将显示器暴露在雨中或使之接触高湿度。

z切勿使用酒精或氨基液体清洁显示器。

必要时用稍微粘湿的布清洁。

清洁前将显示器电源插头拔下。

z 放置此显示器时, 请确认电源线和插座是容易接上的。

z当使用显示器时，请务必安装旋转底座以确保安全如果遵循本手册说明操作，但显示器不正常运转，请与维护人员接洽。

警告：不遵循本文规定执行控制、调整或程序有可能导致电击、电及/或机械危险。

关于本电子用户手册关于本指南 •您可能需要的其它文件 •符号说明关于本指南本电子用户指南适用于任何飞利浦彩色显示器用户。

它描述了该显示器特征、设定、操作和其它信息，该资料与印刷版本完全相同。

指南中包含以下章节：● 安全与故障排除信息提供排除常见故障的提示和方法以及您可能需要的其它有关信息。

● “关于本电子用户手册”简要介绍了手册内容、符号说明以及您可能需要参考的其它文件。

● 产品信息简要介绍了本显示器的特征及其技术规格。

● 安装显示器阐述了首次设定过程，简要介绍了显示器使用方法。

● 屏幕显示提供了调整显示器设定值的信息。

● 客户服务与保修列举了世界各地飞利浦消费者信息中心、服务台电话号码以及有关产品保修信息。

● 术语表对技术用语作了更详细的解释。

● 下载选项允许您在硬盘中保存一份完整的手册。

● 常问问题 。

返回页首您可能需要的其它文件除本电子用户指南外，您可能还需要参考以下文件：● 飞利浦彩色显示器快速入门指南总结了显示器设定步骤。

美的集团制冷事业本部企业标准QJ/MK03.056-2004 LCD液晶显示驱动程序设计指引1适用范围《LCD液晶显示驱动程序设计指引》主要对采用液晶驱动芯片HD1621(或此系列芯片)进行LCD 液晶的驱动方法进行了分析，说明了驱动芯片的功能、软件编制方法和注意事项，并提供了程序范例，为以后的程序设计者提供类似的开发参考。

2引用资料范例程序采用日本NEC公司的RA78K0S系列汇编语言编写，具体技术资料参照78K0S系列八位单片机UPD78F9177芯片的相关资料。

液晶驱动芯片参考资料：具体见HT1621DATASHEET。

3定义汇编语言：是用于编写微处理器软件的最基本编程语言。

汇编程序包：是一组程序的总称，用于把汇编语言的源程序文件转换成机器代码的程序，通常包括汇编程序﹑连接程序﹑目标码转换程序和其它库管理程序﹑表转换程序等。

LCD：液晶显示器简称。

4HT162X驱动芯片资料介绍4.1概述HT162X系列芯片是由HOTEK公司开发生产的多功能LCD 驱动器芯片，HT162X 的软件配置特性使其适合于各种LCD 的应用包括LCD 模块和显示子系统，主控器与HT162X通信只需要3 到4 条线。

由于采用了电容型偏置电压充电泵使得HT1620 的操作电流非常的小。

HT162X 系列包括多款产品适合不同的应用，目前广泛应用于各种液晶驱动控制上。

4.2芯片特性➢操作电压2.4V~3.3V➢LCD 电压3.6V~4.9V可调➢可选择1/2 或1/3 偏置1/2, 1/3 或1/4 占空比➢内部时基频率源➢片内电容型偏置充电泵➢读/写地址自动增加➢3线（或4线）串行接口➢软件配置特性➢两个可选的蜂鸣器频率2KHz 或4KHz4.3HT162X系列芯片选型表片内振荡器－√√－√√√晶体振荡器√√－√√√√5HT1621芯片说明HT1621为32*4位LCD驱动器，共有四种子型号，分别是HT1621-48SSO、HT1621B-48SSOP/DIP、HT1621D-28SKDIP，我们现在使用的为HT1621B-48SSOP，以下就以此芯片为例进行说明。

LCD显示模块设计一、显示模块功能分析由于整个控制系统采用的是以DSP为核心的嵌入式系统结构，采用普通的显示器将带来巨大的系统开销。

因此，我们选用LCD显示模块作为本系统的显示部件.它需要能够实现以下显示功能：1、显示系统的输出结果(1)显示磁浮间距数据（包括上径向X和Y、下径向X和Y、Z轴共五个)；(2)以进度条的方式显示磁浮间距数据，使结果更直观;(3)显示北向角度数据；(4)以指针的方式显示北向角度.2、显示控制参数设置界面(1)显示控制器参数输入框(五行，四列,共20个）;(2)支持输入数据的合理显示；(3)显示一些功能按钮（如退出等);(4)支持输入框和按钮的选中和按下状态。

二、显示模块硬件设计1、显示模块的选择为了能充分显示上一节所提到的功能,我们选择320x240的双色点阵型LCD作为显示模块。

该模块自带显示驱动电路，只要通过DSP向其写入相应的命令和显示数据即可完成显示功能.2、LCD接口电路设计所选用的LCD是5v的逻辑电平接口,为了提高系统的可靠性和稳定性我们采用专门的电平转换芯片SN74ALVC164245。

它是TI公司的一款16位的双向电平转化芯片。

如果访问只是单向的，采用驱动门电路也可实现电其它时序在保证顺序的前提下都容易满足.图3-1 LCD模块读写时序图2、LCD显示设置时序正确之后，就可以对LCD的显存进行操作了.屏幕上所有图形的像素点直接反映到显存的某一位,因此所有图形的显示都是通过对显存的写操作来完成的.我们所选用的LCD模块的显示芯片是SID13305F,它是SED1335的替代芯片，与其有相同的功能。

其指令集如表3—1所示。

表3-1 SED1335显示操作指令集在LCD模块启动之后，使用之前，应至少有一次系统初始化,即调用系统控制命令‘SYSTEM SET'和‘SCROLL'来设置LCD模块的显示窗口设置和显示区域的显存地址。

根据系统功能的要求把LCD设置为单屏显示，无边界，每行显示40个字节(即满行显示）。

EN-1E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LKnow thesesafety symbolsThis “bolt of lightning” indicatesuninsulated material within your unit may cause an electrical shock. For the safety of everyone in your household,please do not remove product covering.The “exclamation point” calls attention to features for which you should read the enclosed literature closely to prevent operating and maintenance problems.WARNING: T o reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, this apparatus should not be exposed to rain or moisture and objects filled with liquids, such as vases, should not be placed on this apparatus.CAUTION: T o prevent electric shock, match wide blade of plug to wide slot, fully insert.For Customer UseEnter below the Serial No. which is located on the rear of the cabinet. Retain this information for future reference.Model No._______________________Serial No. _______________________Congratulations on your purchase,and welcome to the “family!”Dear PHILIPS product owner:Thank you for your confidence in PHILIPS. We’ll do everything in our power to keep you happy with your purchase for many years to come.C A U T I O NRISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCKDO NOT OPENCAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.WelcomeEN-2E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LImportant safety instructions1.Read before operating equipmentRead and keep these instructions.Heed all warnings.Follow all instructions.Do not insert any strange object into the ventilation slots.This might lead to damage of the TV.Do not use this apparatus near water.Clean only with a dry cloth.Do not block any of the ventilation openings.Install in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat.Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized orgrounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two blades and third grounding prong. The wide blade or third prong are provided for your safety. When the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the apparatus.Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/apparatus combination toavoid injury from tip-over.Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any way, such as power-supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or has been dropped.This product may contain lead or mercury. Disposal of these materials may be regulated due to environmental considerations. For disposal or recycling information, please contact your local authorities or the Electronic Industries Alliance:.Damage Requiring Service - The appliance should be serviced by qualified service personnel when:A. The power supply cord or the plug has been damaged;B. Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the appliance;C. The appliance has been exposed to rainD. The appliance does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance;E. The appliance has been dropped, or the enclosuredamaged.Tilt/Stability - All televisions must comply withrecommended international global safety standards for tilt and stability properties of its cabinet design.• Do not compromise these design standards by applying excessive pull force to the front, or top, of the cabinet which could ultimately overturn the product.• Also, do not endanger yourself, or children, by placing electronic equipment/toys on the top of the cabinet. Such items could unsuspectingly fall from the top of the set and cause product damage and/or personal injury.Wall or Ceiling Mounting - The appliance should bemounted to a wall or ceiling only as recommended by the manufacturer.Power Lines - An outdoor antenna should be located away from power lines.Outdoor Antenna Grounding - If an outside antenna is connected to the receiver, be sure the antenna system is grounded so as to provide some protection against voltage surges and built up static charges.Object and Liquid Entry - Care should be taken so that objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the enclosure through openings.Battery Usage CAUTION - To prevent battery leakage that may result in bodily injury, property damage, or damage to the unit:Install all batteries correctly, with + and - aligned as• marked on the unit.Do not mix batteries (old and new or carbon and • alkaline, etc.).Remove batteries when the unit is not used for a long •time.For ventilation, leave at least 4” to 6” free all around theTV. Do not place the TV on a carpet.The equipment shall not be exposed to dripping or splash-ing.The equipment shall not be exposed to rain or moistureand objects filled with liquids, such as vases, shall be placed on the apparatus.The apparatus must be connected to a mains socket outletwith a protected earthed connection.The appliance coupler is used as the disconnect device ofthis apparatus, the disconnect device shall remain readily operable.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18. 19. 20. 21. 22.23.24.25.26.27.2008 © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. All rights reserved. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Trademarks are the property of Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. or their respective owners.Philips reserves the right to change products at any time without being obliged to adjust earlier supplies accordingly.The material in this manual is believed adequate for the intended use of the system. If the product,or its individual modules or procedures,are used for purposes other than those specified herein,confirmation of their validity and suitability must be obtained. Philips warrants that the material itself does not infringe any United States patents. No further warranty is expressed or implied. Philips can’t be held responsible neither for any errors in the content of this document nor for any problems as a result of the content in this document. Errors reported to Philips will be adapted and published on the Philips support website as soon as possible.Pixel characteristicsThe LCD panel has a high number of colour pixels. Although it has effective pixels of 99.999% or more. Black dots or bright points of light (red,green or blue) may appear constantly on the screen.This is a structural property of display (within common industrial standard ) and is not a malfunction.This doesnot affect the performance of the product.Safety symbolsKnow these safety symbols:C A U T I O NRISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCKDO NOT OPENCAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOTREMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTSINSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.This “bolt of lightning”indicates uninsulated materialwithin your unit may cause anelectrical shock.For the safetyof everyone in your household,please donot remove product covering.The “exclamation point” callsattention to features forwhich you should read theenclosed literature closely toprevent operating andmaintenance problems.If the TV is mounted on a swivel base orswivel arm,ensure no strain is placed onthe power cord when the TV is swivelled.Strain on the power cord can loosenconnections.This may cause arcing andresult in fire.EN-3EN-4E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LT able of contents1. Important safety instructions . . . . . . . . . 22. Important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1Product information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Screen care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 Environmental care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4Regulatory notices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53. Y our TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 TV overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64. Get started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.1 Position the TV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 Wall mount the TV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 Install the remote control batteries . . . . . . . . . . 84.4 Connect the antenna or cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.5Switch on the TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95. Use your TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.1 Switch your TV on/off or to standby. . . . . . . . . 105.2 Watch TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.3 Watch channels from a cable receiver box. . . . 115.4Watch a DVD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116. Use more of your TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.1 Remote control overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.2 Use teletext of the remote control. . . . . . . . . . 126.3 Use install menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.4 Change picture and sound settings . . . . . . . . . . 146.5 Use Smart mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.6 Set the clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.7 Set the sleeptimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.8 Reduce the NR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.9Adjust the skin tone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.10 Use auto lock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.11 Use your TV as a PC monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.12 Select your TV in PC mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187. Connect devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.1 Connection overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.2 Select connection quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.3Connect devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218. Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.1T echnical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2510. Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26EN-5E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO L Important2.Product information2.1The model and serial number are on the rear of the TV and on the packaging.This TV consumes minimal energy in standby mode to minimise environmental impact. The active power consumption is given on the type plate at the rear of the TV . Screen care2.2T urn off and unplug the AC power cord before • cleaning the screen.Clean the screen with a soft, dry cloth. Do not •use substances such as household cleaning agents as these may damage the screen.T o avoid deformations or color fading, wipe off • water droplets as soon as possible.Do not touch, push, rub or strike the screen •with hard objects as this may damage the screen permanently.Where possible, avoid stationary images that •remain on-screen for extended periods of time. If you must use stationary images, reduce the screen contrast and brightness to avoid screen damage.Environmental care2.3 End of life directives - RecyclingPhilips has paid a lot of attention toproducing an environmentally friendly product. Y our new TV contains several materials that can be recycled for new uses. At the end of its life,specialized companies can dismantle and recycle this set. This will minimize the amount of materials being disposed of. Please be sure to dispose of this set in accordance with all state and local regulations.Recycling your packagingThe packaging of this product is intended to be recycled. Contact your local authorities for information on how to recycle the packaging.Disposing used batteriesThe supplied batteries do not contain mercury or cadmium. Dispose supplied and all other used batteries according to your local regulations.Power consumptionThe TV consumes minimal energy in standby mode to minimise environmental impact. Active power consumption is displayed at the back of the TV .Regulatory notices2.4 WARNINGB T o reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, this apparatus should not be exposed to rain or moisture. Objects filled with liquids, such as vases, should not be placed on this apparatus.EN-6E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LY our 3.TVThis section gives you an overview of commonly-used TV controls and overview3.1Side controls and indicatorsPOWERCHANNELMENU VOLUME1243POWERCHANNELMENUVOLUME5POWERPOWER 1. CHANNEL +/-2. MENU 3. VOLUME +/-4. Remote control sensor/ power indicator5. Side connectorsUse the TV side connectors to connect to mobile devices such as a camera or game console. Y ou can also connect to the headphone.Rear connectorsCableUse the TV rear connectors to connect to the antenna and permanent devices such as a high-definition disc player or DVD player.NoteD For more information about connections, see Section 7 Connect devices .3.2Remote control123456789Standby / ON1. SOURCE2. selection C3. olor buttons FORMAT4. button C5. ursor buttons Channel selection6. Volume selection7. MENU button 8. OK button9. For more information about the remote control, See Remote control overview section .EN-7E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S E E S P A ÑO LGet started4. This section describes how to position and connect your TV , and how to perform your first-time installation.4.1Position the TVWARNINGB Do not insert the power plug into the wall • socket before all the connections are rge screen TVs are heavy. T wo people are • required to carry and handle the TV .Wherever you decide to position your TV , ensure that you always have easy access to the AC power cord or plug to disconnect the TV from the power.If the TV is mounted on a swivel base or swivel arm, ensure no strain is placed on the AC power cord when the TV is swivelled. Strain on the AC power cord can loosen connections. This may cause arcing and result in fire.For ideal viewing conditions, position the TV where light does not fall directly on the screen.The ideal viewing distance for watching TV is three times its screen size.Kensington security slotY our TV is equipped with a Kensington Security Slot at the back of the TV .If you connect an anti-theft Kensington lock (not supplied), position the TV within reach of a permanent object that can be attached to the lock.4.2 Wall mount the TVWarningB Wall mounting of the TV should only be performed by qualified installers. Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V . Bears no responsibility for improper mounting that results in accident or injury.Step 1 Purchase a VESA-compatible wall bracketDepending on the size of your TV screen, purchase one of the following wall brackets:TV screen size (inches)VESA-compatible wall bracket type (millimeters)Screw type 32”200 x 200mm Metric 6 x 10mm 37”200 x 200mm Metric 6 x 10mm 42”400 x 200mm Metric 6 x 10mm 47”400 x 200mmMetric 6 x 10mmStep 2 Remove the TV standNoteD These instructions are only applicable to TV models with mounted stands. If your TV stand is not mounted, skip to Step 3 Connect cables. Carefully place the TV face down on a flat, stable1. surface that is covered by soft cloth. The cloth should be thick enough to protect your screen.Using a cross-head screwdriver (not supplied),2. unscrew the four bolts that secure the stand to the TV .EN-8E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LInstall the remote control 4.3 batteriesA AAAA AOpen the battery cover on the back of the1. remote control.Insert the 2 batteries supplied. Make sure the2. + and - ends of the batteries line up correctly. (inside of case is marked).Close the cover.3. Connect the antenna or cable4.4Connect to an antennaLocate the TV ANTENNA connector on the1. back of the TV .Connect one end of an antenna cable (not2. supplied) to the TV ANTENNA connectors. Use an adaptor if the antenna cable does not fit.Connect the other end of the antenna cable to3. your antenna outlet, ensuring that the cable is tightly secured at both ends.Firmly pull the stand from the bottom of the3. TV . Place both the stand and bolts in a secure location for future reinstallation.Step 3 Connect cablesConnect the antenna cable, AC power cord and all other devices to the back of the TV as described in the following sections and in Section 7 Connect devices.Step 4 Secure the VESA-compatible wall bracket to the TVWarningB Only use the specified bolts (M6 x 10mm) to secure the VESA-compatible wallbracket to your TV . The specified bolts are designed to match the weight of your TV .NoteD Depending on your VESA-compatible wallbracket, you may need to separate the mounting plate from the wall bracket for easier installation. Refer to your VESA-compatible wall bracket documentation for instructions.EN-10E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LUse your TV5.This section helps you perform basic TV operations. Switch your TV on/off or to standby5.1T o Switch the TV onIf the standby indicator is off, press • . POWERat the side of the TV . If the standby indicator is on, press •. on the remote control.POWERCHANNELMENU VOLUME12POWERCHANNEL5POWERT o Switch to standbyPress • . on the remote control.T o switch on from standby without the remote control.Press • . POWER at the side of the TV toswitch the TV off. Press •. POWER again to switch the TV on.T o switch offPress • . POWER at the side of the TV .5.2 Watch TVSwitch channels Press a number (1 to 9) or press • CH +/- on your remote control.Press •A/CH to return to the previously viewed TV channel.NoteD Y ou can also switch channels by pressing CHANNEL +/- at the side of the TV .Adjust volume Press • VOL+/- on your remote control.Press •MUTE on your remote control to mute the sound. Press MUTE again or press VOL+/- to restore the sound.NoteD Y ou can also switch volume by pressing VOLUME +/- at the side of the TV .EN-11E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S E E S P A ÑO LWatch channels from a cable receiver 5.3boxSwitch on the cable receiver box.1. The picture from your cable receiver box might appear automatically on your e the remote control of your cable receiver2. box to select channels.If the picture does not appearPress 1. SOURCE repeatedly to select theconnected cable receiver box and wait a few seconds for the picture to appear.Press 2. OK.Use the remote control of your cable receiver3. box to select channels.Watch a DVD5.4 Insert a DVD disc in your player.1. Press2. Play > on the remote control of yourplayer.The picture from the player might appear automatically on your screen.If the picture does not appearPress 1. SOURCE repeatedly to select the correctsource and wait a few seconds for the picture to appear.Press 2. OK.EN-12E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LUse more of your TV6.This section describes the advanced features of your TV .Remote control 6.1overview11615141312111023456789. 1. POWERSwitches the TV on from standby or back to standby.SOURCE 2.Selects connected devices.DUALI-II 3.Selects Mono, Stereo, Dual I, Dual II, Nicam Mono, Nicam Stereo, Nicam Dual I, Nicam Dual II.NoteD The sound mode selections depend on TVprogram and broadcast TV channel of that region.FORMA T 4.Selects a picture format. See Change Picture format section.CURSOR BUTTONS 5. Î ï Í ÆT o navigate through the menus.SMART MODE 6.Selects a picture setting.CH +/-7.Switches to the next or previous channel.NUMBER BUTTONS8. Selects a channel, page or setting.A/CH9. Returns to the previously-viewed channel.STATUS/EXIT 10.Displays programme information, if available.VOL +/-11.Increases or decreases volume.MUTE12. Mutes or restores sound.MENU 13.T oggles the menu on or off.OK 14.Press to activate a setting.INCR. SURR15. Adds greater depth and dimension to the TV sound.SLEEP16. Sets the TV to turn itself off within a certain e teletext of the remote control 6.2 1.T eletext on/off 2. T eletext holdFreezes the teletext page.3. T eletext reveal/concealT oggles between conceal and reveal mode.4. T eletext enlargeEnlarges context to two times larger.5.These four color buttons allow you to access the item or the page indicated by corresponding color in teletext.NoteD T eletext is only available in some of the Asia Pacific TV systems.Features InstallMain control PictureSoundFeaturesInstallEN-15E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S E E S P A ÑO LChange picture formatPress 1. FORMA T on the remote control to enterthe Picture format menu.Press 2. Î or ï to select a picture format.Super zoom •Removes the black bars on the side of 4:3 broadcasts with minimal distortion.4:3•Displays the classic 4:3 format.Movie expand 14:9•Scales the classic 4:3 format to 14:9.Movie expand 16:9•Scales the classic 4:3 format to 16:9.16:9 subtitle •Display 4:3 pictures using the full surface of the screen leaving the subtitles visible.Wide screen •Stretches the classic 4:3 format to 16:9.NoteD Any adjustment of brightness, color, contrast• of sharpness will be stored into personal at smart mode section .For 720p/1080i/1080p, the default picture •format will be Wide screen at HD and HDMI modes. And the picture format function will not be accessible.For PC mode, the default picture format will •be Full screen and picture format function can be accessible 4:3 and Full screen.Features InstallPicture Sound TimerStart time Stop time Sleep timerClock --Stop time Sleep timerSleeptimer to set the sleep time from zero to180 minutes. If set to zero minute, the Sleeptimer to activate the Sleeptimer or presssleep button on the remote control.Timer Source listAuto lock Skin tone NR NR Source listAuto lock Skin tone Source listAuto lock Skin toneSkin tone Auto lock Source listEN-19E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LConnect devices7.7.1Connection overviewHDMI 1HDMI 2AUDIO INPC INVGACVI 1Pb Pr L RY Pb Pr L RY CVI 275 ΩL - AUDIO OUT - R V I D E O I NS -V I D E OL - A U D I O - RSIDE AV123467895Rear connectorsHDMI 1/HDMI 21. HDMI input connectors for DVD players,digital receivers, game consoles and other high-definition devices.PC IN2. VGA, Audio connectors for PC.CVI 1/CVI 23.Component video input (Y Pb Pr) and Audio L/R connectors for DVD, digital receiver or game console, etc. AUDIO OUT L/R 4.Sound output cinch connectors for home theatre or other audio systems.Antenna input / 755. ΩSide connectorsHeadphones 6.Stereo Mini Jack.AUDIO L/R 7.Audio L/R input connectors for composite and S-Video devices.VIDEO IN 8.Video input cinch connector for composite devices.S-VIDEO 9.S-Video input connector for S-Video devices.EN-20E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S E E S P A ÑO LSelect connection quality 7.2 This section describes how you can enhance your audio visual experience by connecting your devices with the best possible connectors. HDMI - Highest quality7.2.1. HDMI produces the best audio visual quality possible. Both audio and video signals are combined in one HDMI cable, providing an uncompressed, digital interface between your TV and HDMI devices. Y ou must use HDMI to experience full high-definition video.Component video red, gree, blue Audio L/R red, white S-videoHDMI TipE If the device only with a DVI connector, use aDVI-HDMI adaptor to connect your device to a HDMI connector at the back of the TV . Y ou must connect a separate audio cable from the device to the AUDIO L/R at SIDE AV .Component (Y Pb Pr) - High quality 7.2.2. Component (Y Pb Pr) video provides better picture quality than S-Video or composite video connections. Though component video supports high-definition signals, picture quality is lower than HDMI and is analogue. Also, connect a Audio L/R cable to the red and white Audio L/R input connectors at CVI 1/CVI 2.Component video red, gree, blueAudio L/R red, whiteS-videoComposite audio/videoyellow, red, whiteComponent video red, gree, blue Audio L/R red, white S-video Composite audio/video yellow, red, white Component video cable -Red, Green, Blue Audio L/R cable-Red, White S-Video - Good quality7.2.3. An analogue connection, S-Video provides better picture quality than composite video. When connecting your device with S-Video, plug theS-Video cable to the S-Video connector on the side of the TV . Y ou must connect a separate Audio L/R cable from the device to the red and white Audio L/R connectors on the side of the TV .Component video red, gree, blue Audio L/R red, white S-video Composite audio/video yellow, red, white Component video red, gree, blue Audio L/R red, whiteS-vide HDMI S-Video Audio L/R cable-Red, White Composite - Basic quality 7.2.4. Composite video provides basic analogueconnectivity, usually combining a (yellow) video cinch cable with (red and white) Audio L/R cinch cable. Match the cable colors when connecting to the composite Video and Audio L/R input connectors onthe side of the TV .Component video red, gree, blue Audio L/R red, whiteS-videoComposite audio/videoyellow, red, whiteComposite audio/video cable -Y ellow, Red, WhiteEN-21E N G L I S HF R A N ÇA I S EE S P A ÑO LConnect devices7.3 This section describes how to connect a selection of devices with different connectors. Note that different types of connectors may be used to connect a device to your TV . The following sections describe examples only, other configurations are possible.When connecting composite or component cables, match the cable colors to the connectors on the TV .CautionC Disconnect the AC power cord before connecting devices.NoteD Different types of connectors may be used to connect a device to your TV depending on availability and your needs.Connect a cable receiver box with RF In/Outputs antenna TVCable Receiver BoxTVCABLE INTO TVAUDIO OUTR VIDEO OUTS-VIDEOAPbPrLRYCVI 275 ΩL - AUDIO OUT - RCable TV signalBORConnect a cable receiver box with Audio/Video outputCable TV signalCable Receiver BoxACTVCABLE INAUDIO OUTR VIDEO OUT S-VIDEOBV I D E O I NS -V I D E OL - A U D I O - RSIDE AVConnect VCR, DVD player, or other devices with RCA connectorsAV Player with A/V ConnectorsTVAUDIO OUT R VIDEO OUT S-VIDEOBAV I D E O I N S -V I D E OL - A U D I O - RSIDE AV。

引言显示技术正朝着大屏幕、高清晰度、高亮度和高分辨率的方向发展。

通常说来，将屏幕显示面对角线尺寸在1米(40英寸)以上的显示称为大屏幕显示。

投影机作为一种重要的显示设备，已经广泛地应用到了金融、教育、企业、军事等多个领域，它所具有的大幅面、高清晰多媒体演示功能，使信息的传递具有更好的效果。

目前，市面上的主流产品是三片式LCD投影机和DLP投影机，其中，三片式LCD投影机的市场份额高达三分之二。

然而，投影机的主要采购者绝大多数是政府部门、企业和高校。

无论是三片式LCD投影机还是DLP投影机，其高昂的价格一直妨碍着投影机进入普通家庭。

为了简化设备结构，降低成本，本文给出了一种基于FPGA的高光效单片彩色LCD投影机的设计方法。

1 投影原理三片式LCD投影机的一般电路原理如图1所示。

由图1可以看出，传统LCD投影机的电路原理是把传送过来的视频信号通过彩色解码，以产生R、G、B信号，然后通过视频处理电路把该三基色信号加载在红、绿、蓝三只单色液晶屏上，最后加在三只单色投影管上，并经三只单色投影管还原后，再把图像通过光学透镜放大几十倍后由反射镜反射到屏幕上，最后在屏幕上合成出彩色图像。

由此可以看出，由于三只投影管和投影镜头并非都正对屏幕放置，三种图像信号还原到屏幕上所经过的光路各不相同，而这必然导致R、G、B三色信号在屏幕上不能完全重合在一起，进而引起会聚失真。

于是，本文从图1的视频处理电路和控制电路着手，设计了一种新的投影方式，即在一个液晶屏上呈现R、G、B三基色的单色图像数据，并对照射进来的R、G、B三单色光进行调制，然后经过透射、折射以及图像拉宽等光学系统的处理，最终在屏幕上形成彩色网像，该方法的原理图如图2所示。

通过图2可以看出，该没计的最大特点是在一块LCD屏上分别显示出R、G、B三基色图像，并通过对单色光进行调制来投影，而不像传统的投影系统，要用三块LCD屏分别显示R、G、B基色图像。

2 投影机系统电路在投影机设计中，控制电路的作用是对输入的视频和数字图像信号进行处理，以将其转变成适合LCD屏显示的信号。

自动化液晶模块(COG)预压绑定视觉对位系统史红新（上海昱辰机电工程有限公司上海200070）摘要本文针对液晶模块预压绑定(COG：Chip On Glass）视觉对位系统的自动化生产，提出了自动化系统的解决方案；针对生产的工艺流程阐述了自动化视觉对位系统解决方案的系统构成、软件结构、控制难点及解决办法。

关键词：COG块预压绑定设备，PLC控制，伺服控制，视觉定位。

一．简介新型显示器件及材料是我国电子元件行业发展的重点，包括发展中小尺寸STN-LCD屏及模块，笔记本电脑和monitor用彩色TFT-LCD，COG、TCP驱动IC，LCOS微显示技术以及手机液晶显示模块。

自本世纪初开始，在降低生产成本的驱动下，全球各大液晶模块生产巨头纷纷将制造中心转移到中国大陆，目前中国已成为全球最大的液晶模块生产国，几乎全球所有的液晶模块制造商都已经把生产工厂迁移到中国大陆。

所谓液晶模块预压绑定(COG)（Chip On Glass）指的是运用一种包含金属颗粒的粘性膜（异方向性导电膜ACF），通过预压将IC芯片绑定在LCD玻璃板上，使IC与LCD玻璃板之间的线路连通。

由于IC芯片面积小，但I/O端数量多。

要想使IC与LCD玻璃板之间的线路很好的连通，就需要对IC和LCD进行非常精确的定位，保证足够的定位精度。

而IC和LCD上微小的Mark点使得通过人眼定位变的困难重重，而且人眼的易疲劳和主观性对这种高精度的对位带来严重隐患。

为了保证产品质量、提高生产效率和自动化水平，我们研发了由欧姆龙CP1H可编程序控制器（PLC）控制的液晶模块预压绑定(COG)视觉对位系统。

二．工艺流程与系统构成2.1工艺流程：如图一所示，分为以下几个步骤。

1）托盘移动到绑定头下面，绑定头准备吸取托盘上面的芯片。

2）绑定头向下吸取托盘的上面的芯片 ，然后托盘移走。

3）绑定头再向下，两个摄像镜头对绑定头上的芯片进行拍照记录2个MarK 点。

绑定头向上移动。

第10章LCD模块1.LCD控制器介绍LCD控制器给单色或者彩色LCD板提供所有必须的控制信号，LCD控制器只有在LPC3250中拥有。

2.特征[1].AHB总线主接口可以访问帧缓冲区[2].通过不同的AHB总接口来设置和控制[3].双16字节可编程的64位宽的FIFO用于缓存将要显示的数据[4].支持4或8位接口的单面板或双面板单色STN显示[5].支持单面板或双面板彩色STN显示[6].支持TFT彩色显示[7].可编程的显示分辨率，包括但不限于320*200，320*240，640*200，640*240，800*600，1024*768。

[8].硬件光标支持单板显示[9].支持15灰度级单色，3375彩色STN以及32K彩色可调色的TFT[10].对于单色STN，1、2和4BPP调色显示（BPP位每像素）[11].对于彩色STN、TFT，1、2、4和8BPP调色彩色显示[12].16BPP真实彩色非调色，用与彩色STN、TFT[13].24BPP真实彩色非调色，用与彩色TFT[14].对于不同的显示板，可以编程定时[15].256项16位调色RAM用作一个128*32位的RAM[16].帧，行，像素时钟信号[17].交流偏置信号用于STN板，数据使能信号用于TFT板[18].支持大、小端，WINDOWS CE数据格式[19].通过外设时钟，或者由一个时钟输入引脚来提供LCD板的时钟3.可编程参数下面重要的显示和控制器参数可以被编程4.硬件光标支持硬件光标接口降低了软件开销，这个软件涉及到要维持LCD帧缓冲区的光标图像。

如果没有这个结构，软件需要：[1].在下一个光标位置节约一个图像区域[2].更新带光标图形的区域[3].用一个预先节约的图像来修复一个光标位置。

此外，LCD控制器必须核实图像操作是否覆盖光标，如果覆盖了，需要纠正。

光标尺寸为64*64的24位彩色形式，每一个光标的移动都要涉及到读和写，大约75KB的数据。

1.3inch LCD ModuleUser ManualOVERVIEWThis is a general LCD display Module, IPS screen, 1.3inch diagonal, 240*240 resolution, with embedded controller, communicating via SPI interface.Examples are provided for testing. Examples are compatible with Raspberry Pi (bcm2835, wiringPi and python), STM32 and ArduinoSPECIFICATIONOperating Voltage : 3.3VInterface : SPIType : TFTControl Driver : ST7789Resolution : 240(H)RGB x 240(V)Viewing Area : 23.4（H）x 23.4（V）mmPixel size : 0.0975（H）x 0.0975（V）mmDimension : 45 x 31(mm)PINOUTOverview (1)Specification (1)Pinout (2)Hardware (5)Controller (5)Communication protocol (5)Demo codes (7)Download (7)Raspberry Pi (8)Copy to Raspberry Pi (8)Libraries install (8)Hardware connection (10)Running examples (11)Expected result (12)STm32 (13)Hardware connection (13)Expected result (13)Arduino (14)Hardware connection (14)Expected result (14)FAQ (15)CONTROLLERST7789VM is a controller for 240 x RGB x 320 LCD. Note that the resolution of this LCD module is 240(H)RGB x 240(V) indeed.ST7789VM supports RGB444, RGB565 and RGB666 three formats. This LCD module we use RGB565.For most of the LCD controller, there are several interfaces for choosing, this module we use SPI interface which is fast and simple.COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLNote: It is not like the tradition SPI protocol, it only uses MOSI to send data from master to slave for LCD display. For details please refer to Datasheet Page 105. RESX: Reset, should be pull-down when power on, set to 1 other time.CSX: Slave chip select. The chip is enabled only CS is set LowD/CX: Data/Command selection; DC=0, write command; DC=1, write dataSDA: Data transmitted. (RGB data)SCL: SPI clockThe SPI communication protocol of the data transmission uses control bits: clock phase (CPHA) and clock polarity (CPOL):CPOL defines the level while synchronization clock is idle. If CPOL=0, then it is LOW. CPHA defines at whish clock’s tick the data transmission starts. CPHL=0 – at the first one, otherwise at the second oneThis combination of two bits provides 4 modes of SPI data transmission. The commonly used is SPI0 mode, i.e. GPHL=0 and CPOL=0.According to the figure above, data transmitting begins at the first falling edge, 8bit data are transmitted at one clock cycle. It is SPI0. MSB.DOWNLOADVisit Waveshare wiki and search for 1.3inch LCD Module. Download the demo code:Extract and get the folders as below:Arduino: For Arduino UNORaspberry Pi: Includes three examples, BCM2835, WiringPi and PythonSTM32: For XNUCLEO-F103RB, which integrate STM32F103RBT6RASPBERRY PICOPY TO RASPBERRY PI1.Insert SD card which has Raspbian installed to your PC2.Copy RaspberryPi extracted to root directory (BOOT) of SD card3.Power on your Raspberry Pi and open Terminal, you can find that the examples islisted in boot directory4.Copy the RaspberryPi folder to /home/pi and change its execute permission.LIBRARIES INSTALLTo use the demo codes, you need to first install librariesInstall BCM2835:Download bcm2835 libraries from /mikem/bcm2835/ , Copy it to Raspberry Pi and install it.xx is the version of library. For example, if the library you download is bcm2835-1.52, the command should be : sudo tar zxvf bcm2835-1.52.tar.gzInstall wiringPi：Open Terminalsudo ./buildcdInstall Python libraries:Open Terminalcdsudo apt-get install python-pipsudo pip install RPi.GPIOsudo pip install spidevsudo apt-get install python-imagingsudo pip install numpysudo apt-get install ttf-wqy-zenheicdHARDWARE CONNECTIONThe color of cable provided may be different, please connect it according to the silk screen printing.RUNNING EXAMPLESEnter the folder: cd RaspberryPi/bcm2835 example:If you get error information that cannot find the file, please execute sudo make to compile codes and try again. Press Ctrl and C to stop runningwiringpi example:If you get error information that cannot find the file, please execute sudo make to compile codes and try again. Press Ctrl and C to stop runningpython example:Press Ctrl and C to stop runningEXPECTED RESULT1.Clear screen2.Display number and strings3.Draw figures4.Display 100x100 image5.Display 240x240 imageSTM32The development board used is XNUCLEO-F103RB, based on HAL library HARDWARE CONNECTIONEXPECTED RESULT1.Clear screen2.Display number and strings3.Draw figures4.Display 70x70 imageARDUINOThis example is compatible with Arduino UNO HARDWARE CONNECTIONEXPECTED RESULT1.Clear screen2.Display number and strings3.Display figures4.Display 70x70 imageFAQ1.How to control backlight?- You can use the function LCD_SetBacklight() to control the backlight2.Why the LCD is black when working with Raspberry Pia) Check if SPI interface was enabledb) Check if the BL pin work normally, if the pin has no output, please try todisconnect the BL control pin3.What does it happen if using Raspberry Pi improperly?If you run python or bcm2835 examples after wiringPi, the LCD may cannot work normally, please try to restart Raspberry Pi can try again.4.How to rotate display?-You can use the function Paint_SetRotate(Rotate) to rotate display. Rotate should be 0, 90, 180 or 270.-Python can call rotate(Rotate) function for any angle.5.Python Image library- For some of the OS, you should execute command to install python-imaging library: sudo apt-get install python-imaging。

Safety and Troubleshooting Information•安全措施及维修• 常见问题• 故障检修• 有关规定• 其他相关信息安全和故障检修安全措施与维修警告：使用本文件规定以外的控制、调整或程序，可能导致遭受电击、触电以及/或者机械危险。

连接和使用电脑显示器时，请阅读并遵循以下说明：操作：● 不要让显示器受阳光直接照射，并使其远离火炉或其它任何热源。

● 移开任何可能掉入通风孔的物品或者会妨碍显示器电子器件正常冷却的物品。

● 不要堵塞机壳上的通风孔。

● 放置显示器时，确保电源插头和插座便于插拔。

● 如果通过拔掉电源线或直流电源线关闭显示器电源，则在重新连接电源线或直流电源线以进行正常操作之前，必须等待 6 秒钟。

● 请务必使用由 Philips 提供的经过认可的电源线。

如果电源线缺失，请与您当地的服务中心联系。

（请参见“消费者信息中心”）● 在使用过程中，不要让 LCD 显示器遭受剧烈震动或冲击。

● 在使用或运输期间，不要敲打显示器或使显示器掉落。

维护：● 为保护显示器不受破坏，不要过分用力按压 LCD 面板。

移动显示器时，抓住边框将其抬起；抬起时，不要将手或手指放在 LCD 面板上。

● 长时间不使用显示器时，应拔掉显示器电源插头。

● 使用略微蘸湿的布清洁显示器时，应拔掉显示器电源线插头。

电源关闭时，可以使用干布擦拭屏幕。

但是，切勿使用有机溶剂（如酒精）或含氨水的液体清洁显示器。

● 为避免电击或本机永久性损坏，不要在多尘、下雨、水附近或过分潮湿的环境中使用显示器。

● 如果显示器被弄湿了，应尽快用软布擦拭干净。

● 如果异物或水进入显示器，请立即关闭电源，并拔掉电源线。

然后，取出异物或擦干水，并送到维修中心进行检修。

● 不要在靠近热源、阳光直射或过分寒冷的场所存放或使用 LCD 显示器。

● 为了保持显示器的最佳性能并延长使用寿命，请在符合下列温度和湿度条件的地方使用显示器。

r温度：5-35°C 41-95°Fr湿度：20-80% RHfile:///D|/My%20Documents/dfu/200W6/china/200w6/safety/safety.htm (1 of 2)2005-06-28 1:56:10 PMSafety and Troubleshooting Information维修：● 只有专业的维修人士可以打开机壳盖。