2018年高考一轮译林版英语 第1部分 选修7 Unit 4 Public transport

选修7Unit 4Public transport题组一：基础巩固Ⅰ.语境语法填空APeople used to 1．be_conveyed(convey) from one place to another by buses and trains.However，nowadays more and more families have their own cars，which 2．speeds(speed) up the development of our national economy and meanwhile results in more traffic jams.What's worse，some drivers violate traffic rules，such as drunk and driving and speaking on their phones while 3．driving(drive)，which leads to more accidents and more deaths 4．arising(arise) from the accidents.Only when people have put 5．through the pain can they realize that it is up to them all 6．to_ensure(ensure) that roads are smooth.At the same time，more and more people begin to take buses to go out，which can pick up and drop off people at different stops in the route.BThe London Underground has the distinction of being the 1．oldest(old) and most complex underground system in the world.2．Before the initial tunnels were opened in 1863，the traffic jams of London were 3．unbelievable(believable)．Twenty-one years later，in 1884，the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided underground 4．service(serve) in the middle of the city.With better ways for digging tunnels 5．developed(develop)，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.The City and South London Railway opened the first electric underground railway in 1890.And six independent deep underground lines were constructed 6．over the next twenty-five years.Then a wealthy American businessman，Charles Yerkes obtained ownership of the many different lines and set up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London.Between 1918 and 1938，many new 7.stations(station) were constructed.During World War Ⅰ，the underground system had some unusual uses.After 8．the war，the system was enlarged and more lines 9．were_added(add) because more people travelled on the underground.The London underground system 10．is_working(work) to transport huge numbers of people as it has done for many years.Buy one of the travel cards and you can travel all over the underground system.Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1．你来决定咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里。

Unit 4 Public transport句型 动名词作主语which 引导非限制性定语从句现在分词作状语反意疑问句，表示提出建议it 作形式主语when 引导时间状语从句语法 短语动词写作 写一封关于旅行计划的电子邮件考向limit ；damage ；非限制性定语从句)；现在分词作状语；why not ；permit ；it 作形式主语；put up ；come across ；cause ；speed up ；in need of ；动词短语等 阅读下面的文章，试着完成下列问题。

Road safety ：a public health issueAt the inquest into the world's first road traffic death in 1896，the coroner was reported to have said “this must never happen again”．More than a century later,1.2 million people are killed on roads every year and up to 50 million more are injured.These casualties of the road will increase if action is not taken.Throughout the world ，roads are bustling with cars ，buses ，trucks ，motorcycles ，mopeds and other types of two-and three-wheelers.By making the transportation of goods and people faster and more efficient ，these vehicles support economic and social development in many countries.But while motorized travel provides many benefits ，it can also do serious harm unless safety is made a priority.Pedestrians and cyclists using roads are particularly at risk.Crashes are frequent.Deaths and injuries are common.If current trends continue ，the number of people killed and injured on the world's roads will rise by more than 60% between 2000 and 2020.Most of these injuries will occur in developing countries where more and more people are using motorized transport ，in these countries ，cyclists ，motorcyclists ，users of public transport ，and pedestrians are especially vulnerable to road traffic injuries.Road deaths and injuries are preventableThere are solutions to the road safety problem.A wide range of effective interventions exist ，and experience in countries with long histories of motorized travel has shown that a scientific and systematic approach to road safety is essential to tackling the problem.This approach addresses the traffic system as a whole and looks at the interactions between vehicles ，road users and the road infrastructure to identify solutions.There is no single blueprint for road safety.Interventions and strategies that work in one setting may need to be adapted elsewhere.During the coming months ，WHO will focus specifically on interventions relating to five of the many factors that cause road traffic deaths and injuries.Making our roads saferWorld Health Day 2004 is dedicated to the theme of road safety.On this day —7 April —WHO and the World Bank will launch the World report on road traffic injury prevention ，which presents the current knowledge of the global road traffic injury problem and offers science-based evidence and solutions to address it.WHO and partners are also launching a one-year global road safety campaign ，which aims to promote action to prevent road injuries.The loss and suffering associated with road traffic deaths and injuries are preventable.With firm political will and an integrated approach that addresses vehicles，the people who use roads，and the road infrastructure，roads can be made safer.Questions：1．How many people are killed on roads every year now according to the text?2．How can people prevent road traffic deaths and injuries?Keys：1.1.2 million people (are killed on roads every year)．2．With firm political will and an integrated approach that addresses vehicles，the people who use roads，and the road infrastructure，roads can be made safer.诱思探究Do you know any effective approach that can make our roads safer?一、词汇拓展1．__________adv.遗憾地，不幸地→__________ adv.幸运地→__________ adj.幸运的2．__________ adj.难以置信的→__________adj.可信的→ __________ v．相信，认为→__________ n．相信，信赖，信念3．________ v．承担，从事→________ n．承担者，承办人4．__________n．所有权，产权→__________ n．主人→__________ v．拥有，adj.自己的5．__________ v．扩大，扩展→__________ adj.大的，多数的6．__________ n．周年纪念日→__________ adj.每年的，一年一次的7．__________ n．增加，增长→__________ v．种植，生长8．__________ n．询问，咨询→__________ v．询问，调查9．__________ n．少量的人或物；一把的量→__________n．手，vt.传递10．__________v．分割，分开→__________ (过去分词)11．__________n．接待员→__________ n．接待，接收→__________ v．接待；收到12．__________ n．预定，预约→__________ v．预约，储备，保留13．__________n．离开，出发→__________ v．离开，出发14．__________ adj.好斗的，挑衅的→__________v．侵犯，挑衅15．________ adj.喝醉的，n.醉汉→________ v．喝酒，喝二、短语互译1．set a limit/limits on ____________2．under the authority of ____________3．add up to ____________4．by means of ____________5．be experienced in ____________6．a handful of ____________7．by hand ____________8．put off ____________9．put up with ____________10．come up ____________11．come across ____________12．for pleasure ____________13．without delay ____________14．on the increase ____________15．at full speed ____________16．in favour of ____________17．in need(of) ____________三、重点句型1．However，most trains to London only went to the outer city limits，because __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ would have damaged many oldbuildings.然而，大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。

Unit 4　Public transport(对应学生用书第147页)Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写1．convey vt.运送，输送；表达2．via prep.经由，经过；通过，凭借3．postpone vt.延迟，延期4．undertake vt.& vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应5．arise vi.出现，产生6．split vi.& vt.分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破7．choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞n.哽咽声，呛住的声音8．outer adj.远离中心的，外围的；外表的9．crash n．& v.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃10．drunk adj.喝醉的n.醉汉；酒鬼Ⅱ.拓展单词——能辨别1．cycle v.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人2．fortune n.幸运，财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→unfortunately adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地3．believe v.相信→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.令人难以置信的4．large adj.大的→enlarge vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大5．grow v.长大，生长→growth n.增加，增长；成长，生长6．reserve v.预订，预约，保留，储备→reservation n.预订，预约；保留意见7．punctual adj.准时的，守时的→punctually adv.准时地，守时地8．violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯→violation n.违反9．load n.负荷，负载；大量，许多vt.装载，装上，装入→upload vt.上传→download vt.下载10．cross vt.穿过→crossing n.人行横道；交叉点；穿越11．annual adj.每年的，一年一次的→annually adv.每年地，年度地12．drink v.喝→drunk adj.喝醉的n.醉汉，酒鬼13．enquire v.询问，打听→enquiry n.询问，咨询；调查，探究14．receive vt.接待，招待→receptionist n.接待员→reception n.接待处Ⅲ.阅读单词——要识记1．authority n．权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权2．anniversary n.周年纪念日3．departure n.离开，出发；背离，违反4．timetable n.时间表，时刻表5．interval n.间隔，间隙6．aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的7．section n.部分；部件；部门8．ownership n.所有权，产权9．minister n.部长，大臣；牧师10．pedestrian n.行人，步行者 adj. 行人(使用)的●语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．She too fast round the corner，lost her balance and fell off.What was worse，she ran into another ．(cycle)2．He wanted to make a in the USA，but ，he died halfway.(fortune) 3．I called to a table for two，but the waiter told me all the tables had been and I was supposed to make in advance.(reserve)4．Her teachers did a lot for her ．So when she up，she frequently visited them on festivals.(grow)5．The officer involved was dismissed because he had strict guidelines.Now he regrets his of the rules.(violate)6．When we got to that hotel，we were well ．We would appreciate it if the hotel can call a taxi for us when we check out tomorrow.Thus we will think well of their ．(receive)【导学号：31670112】7．Although the image is ，I can't see it clearly.I beg you to it to a scale of 1∶1，000.(large)8．When you the street at a pedestrian ，you can't be too careful.(cross)【答案】　1.cycled；cyclist　2.fortune；unfortunately　3.reserve；reserved；reservations　4.growth；grew　5.violated；violation　6.received；receptionist；reception　rge；enlarge　8.cross；crossing高频短语——会默写1．drop off　中途下客或卸货2．link up联合，连接3．put through给某人接通(电话)；使经历4．decide on/upon决定，选定5．put off推迟，推延；使反感6．turn up出现，到来；调高(音量等)7．fill in填写(表格)；消磨(时间)8．split up分组，分解；分离9．speed up (使)加速10．arise from起因于，由……引起●语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空。

Unit 4Public transportⅠ.单项填空1．The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked around as if ________whether he was going in the right direction.A．seeing B．having seenC．to see D．to have seen答案C[句意：我们跟踪的那个男人突然停下来环顾四周，好像在看他是否走对了方向。

停下来的目的是要看看，故用不定式表目的，故选C。

]2．—Is there any possibility of the film ________in Paris International Festival?—Not in the least，because audience generally think little of it.A．trying out B．tried outC．to try out D．being tried out答案D[句意：——这部影片有可能在巴黎国际节试映吗？——根本不可能，因为观众普遍不看好它。

of后接动名词的复合结构表被动含义。

]3．The boy ________his breakfast in order to get to school on time.A．choked down B．choked backC．choked off D．choked up答案A[choke down硬咽(食物)；choke back忍住，抑制；choke off打发走；除掉；抑制；choke up阻塞，噎住。

句意：这个男孩匆忙地吃完早餐，以便按时到达学校。

] 4．How much you earn is not very important.It is how you earn the money that________.A．counts B．valuesC．minds D．means答案A[考查动词辨析。

Unit 4Public transport 旅游与交通之(二)——公共交通[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．via prep.经由；通过 2.interval n．间隔，间隙3．choke v i.& v t.(使)哽咽；塞满n．哽咽声 4.drunk adj.喝醉的n．醉汉5．authority n．权力；当权者 6.anniversary n．周年纪念日7．split v i.& v t.分割；撕开8.departure n．离开；背离9．crash n．& v．碰撞；倒闭10.aggressive adj.挑衅的(二)表达词汇写其形1．convey v t.运送，输送；表达 2.postpone v t.延迟，延期3．annual adj.每年的，一年一次的 4.timetable n．时间表，时刻表5．arise v i.出现，产生 6.cyclist n．骑自行车的人7．enlarge v t.& v i.扩大，增大8.load v t.装载n．负载；大量9．crossing n．十字路口10.undertake v t.& v i.承担；承诺(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.unfortunately ad v.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．幸运，财富*2.unbelievable adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的→believable adj.可信的→believe v t.相信→belief n．相信；看法，信念3.growth n．增加，增长；成长，生长→grow v．长大，生长4.enquiry n．询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究→enquire v．询问，打听*5.receptionist n．接待员→reception n．接待处→receive v t.接待，招待6.reservation n．预订，预约；保留意见→reserve v．预订，预约；保留；储备*7.punctual adj.准时的，守时的→punctually ad v.准时地，守时地→punctuality n．准时，守时8.violate v t.违犯，违反；侵犯→violation n．违反用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1．My train should have arrived punctually,_but we cannot guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.2．At the reception,_the receptionists showed their sincere welcome to us.3．After the discovery of gold in America, an increasing number of people began to crowd there, thus resulting in the Gold Rush in history. Unfortunately，among those seeking their fortune,_only a handful were fortunate,_making their fortune in a short time.4．Contrary to the popular belief,_some people insist God does exist.According to them, whenever you believe in God, many things you consider unbelievable will happen.[话题单词积累]1．vehicle /'viːəkl/ n．交通工具，车辆2．transport /træns'pɔːt/n．& v t. 运输；交通3．tram /træm/ n. 有轨电车4．lorry /'lɔːri/n．(英)运货汽车，卡车5．truck /trʌk/ n. 卡车，运货车6．motorcycle /'məutəsaikl/ n. 摩托车7．carriage /'kæridʒ/ n. 四轮马车；(火车)客车厢8．railway /'reilwei/ n. 铁路；铁道9．subway/'sʌbwei/ n. 地铁10．aeroplane /'εərəplein/ n. (英)飞机11．aircraft /'εəkrɑːft/n．飞机(单复数同形)12．airliner /'εəlainə/ n. 班机13．jet /dʒet/ n. 喷气式飞机14．flight /flait/ n. 航班15．helicopter /'helikɔptə/ n. 直升机16．port /pɔːt/n. 港口，码头17．ferry /'feri/ n. 渡船18．land /lænd/ v i.着陆，登岸(陆)；降落19．crossroads /'krɔːsˌrəudz/ n. 交叉路口20．sidewalk /'saidwɔːk/n. 人行道21．highway /'haiwei/ n. 公路22．collision /kə'liʒən/ n. 碰撞事故23．block /blɔk/ v t. 阻塞；阻挡24．brake /breik/ n. 闸v t.& v i. 刹车25．trap /træp/ n. 陷阱v t. 使陷入困境26．accelerate /ək'seləreit/ v t.& v i. (使)加速27．delay /di'lei/ v i.& n．拖延，延误，耽搁[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.drop_off中途下客或卸货 2.link_up联合，连接*3.decide_on/upon决定；选定 4.put_off推迟，推延；使反感*5.turn_up出现；调高(音量等) 6.fill_in填写；消磨7.a_handful_of少数的，少量的8.split_up分组，分解；分离9.speed_up(使)加速10.arise_from起因于，由……引起11.be_true_of符合；对……适用12.in_advance提前，事先*13.at_(...)_intervals每隔……*14.put_through接通(电话)；使经历15.take_the_responsibility_to_do_..._承担责任做……(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1．It's up to you to decide_on a day to have a party.2．He promised that he would come, but he hasn't turned_up yet.3．Don't put_off until tomorrow what can be done today.4．He dropped_off at the square and changed to a suburban bus.5．He sat down and waited while the operator put_through his call.6．The discussion continued; at_intervals the speakers stopped for refreshment.[话题短语积累]1．take off起飞2．go aboard 上船3．rush hour 交通拥挤时间4．safe and sound 安然无恙5．take a bus/by bus 坐公共汽车6．parking lot 停车场7．traffic signal/light 交通信号灯8．driving license/permit 驾照9．traffic accident 交通事故10．pay a fine 支付罚款11．restrict speed 限速12．break the speed limit 超速13．run a red light 闯红灯14．drunk/drunken driving 酒驾15．obey/observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则16．ensure people's safety on the road确保路上行人的安全17．improve traffic safety awareness 提高交通安全意识[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．“why not＋动词原形”表示“为什么不……”，常用来提出建议[例句]So, why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?[仿写]既然你喜欢爬山，为什么不选择去泰山旅行呢？(2017·北京高考满分作文) Since you like climbing the mountain, why_not_choose the trip to Mount Tai?2．完全倒装[例句]Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars, minibuses and lorries, and what drivers should do to prevent them.[仿写]沿途全是大树，如果累了我们可以乘凉。

Unit 4Public transport从北京到上海，只需要288分钟！中国的高铁时代已经到来，越来越多的旅客会放弃飞机而选择火车。

Bin Railway DreamsImagine, one day, getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work, going back home to Beijing and having dinner there.Sounds unusual，doesn't it? But it's not that unrealistic, with the development of China's high-speed railway plan to connect the country with Southeast Asia, and eventually Eastern Europe.China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years, eventually reaching London and Singapore.If China's plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people could zip over from London to Beijing in under two days.The new system would still follow China's high-speed railway standard.And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as some airplanes.Of course, there are some technical challenges to overcome.There are so many issues that need to be settled, such as safety, rail gauge(轨距), maintenance(维修) of railway tracks.So, it's important to pay attention to every detail.It'll be a win-win project.For other countries, the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, not to mention the better communication among those countries.For China, such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop China's far west.We foresee that in the coming decades, millions of people will migrate to the western regions, where the land is empty and resources are unused.With high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all.And they'll trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries.1．unrealistic adj.不现实的，不切实际的2．negotiate v i.&v t. 谈判，协商3．zip v i. 疾行前往4．technical adj. 技术的，技术上的5．definitely ad v. 确切地，肯定地6．migrate v i. 迁徙，移居1．What benefits do you think the high-speed railway system can bring us?________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2．Are there any problems in the railway network? Please make a list.________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.It can create more opportunities for business, tourism，and make better communication and so on. 2.There are some technical challenges to overcome, such as safety, rail gauge, maintenance of railway tracks.。

Unit 4 Public transport一、阅读理解。

＂I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat,’’ said the man at the petrol station. ‘‘Is it raining out there?’’ ‘‘No. it’s pretty nice,＂ I replied, checking my sleeve. ＂Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.＂As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him.The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist — heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite signs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移). The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stopped from feeding on their mothers’ milk, and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near—disaster a few miles west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. ＂Hello!＂ I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry. about him. Fortunately, I man aged to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially—troubled elements.1.Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies?A. To protect the tourists from being bitten.B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station.C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger.D. To prevent the ponies from fighting.2.One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is _________.A. to feed baby ponies on milkB. to control the number of poniesC. to expand the habitat for poniesD. to sell the ponies at a good price3.What was t he author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back?A. He freed it from the trap.B. He called a protection officer.C. He worried about it very much.D. He thought of it as being naughty.4.What does the author imply about the preserva tion of Dartmoor’s ponies?A. It lacks people’s involvement.B. It costs a large amount of money.C. It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.D. It has caused an imbalance of species.【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。