高考英语语法专题复习 倒装句和省略句

第一个我们来学习倒装句，倒装属于单选常考的知识点，而且也是写作中的较高级句式了。

一、倒装：完全倒装、部分倒装、形式倒装（假倒装）***倒装句口诀：地点全倒装，son也虚假关于完全倒装“地点全倒装”的意思是：句子中将表示地点、时间等方位位置或者时间的副词、介词等词提前时，句子要全部倒装。

全部倒装的句式结构：地点+谓语+主语。

1.表示地点方位位置的副词、介词，运动方位的副词(under,there,here,out,in,up,down,away,near,opposite……)、时间的副词(now,then)位于句首时, 句子要全部倒装。

A girl sits under the tree倒装后变为Under the tree sits a girl.注意完全倒装中，代词做主语不倒装.如果说这句话是代词做主语：She sits under the tree.那么即使是将描述地点的介词提前，这句话也不倒装，而是变为Under the tree she sits.练习题（1）A bus comes here.= _______________________________________________________ 练习题（2）Your turn comes now.= ____________________________________________________Here/there句型用一般现在时，代词做主语不倒装；Here you are. Here it is.关于部分倒装口诀的下半句中“S on也虚”对应部分倒装，我们来看一下部分倒装的结构。

部分倒装的句式结构：就是将部分倒装标志词提前以后，句子变为一般疑问句语序。

即：标志词+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他……S：So/such……that……(注意：“主倒从不倒”，也就是说是so/such所在的主句倒装，that后的从句不用倒)，看例句：He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.=so是标志词，所以so clearly这个意群提前（举个例子来说意群：一辆出租车来了=来了一辆出租车，其中“一辆出租车”这几个字不能拆分，它就是一个意群）,然后再将主句调整为上边说的部分倒装句式结构。

语法中的省略句和倒装句在语法学中，省略句和倒装句是常见的句型。

省略句指的是在句子中省略某些成分，而倒装句则是改变了正常的词序。

本文将从基本概念、用法及实例等方面详细介绍这两种语法现象。

省略句的定义和用法省略句是指在句子中省略某些成分，但通过上下文可以明确意思。

省略的成分可以是主语、谓语、宾语、状语等。

省略句在英语中常见，可以减少重复，简化句子结构，使语言更加简洁有力。

省略句的用法多种多样，下面将分述几种常见的情况：1. 主语省略：当谓语动词是不及物动词或者使用了“there be”结构时，主语常常省略。

例如：(1) Was late for the meeting.（主语“I”被省略）(2) There is a book on the table.（主语“a book”被省略）2. 谓语省略：当句子的主语和谓语之间存在着某种逻辑关系，且谓语动词与上下文能够呼应时，可以省略谓语部分。

例如：(1) John plays tennis, and Kate does too.（谓语“plays tennis”被省略）(2) Tom likes pizza, and Jerry likes hamburger as well.（谓语“likes pizza”被省略）3. 宾语省略：当上下文已经明确了宾语的内容时，可以省略宾语。

例如：(1) Can you drive?（宾语“a car”被省略）(2) He bought a book, and I bought one too.（宾语“a book”被省略）倒装句的定义和用法倒装句是指将句子中的某些语序进行倒置的一种句型。

正常语序是主语在前，谓语在后，而倒装句则是将谓语提前或将主语放在谓语之后。

倒装句的使用可以起到强调某个部分的作用，改变句子的语气或加强语言表达的效果。

下面列举几种常见的倒装情况：1. 全部倒装：将整个谓语放在主语之前。

例如：(1) Out rushed the students.（主语“The students”在谓语“rushed”之前）(2) Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（主语“I”在谓语“seen”之前）2. 部分倒装：将助动词、情态动词或be动词与主语之间的顺序进行倒置。

强调句③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。

It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式It is (was) + 被强调部分+that(who)…句式基本特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+that…；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ that…①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronautssucceeded _______ landing on the moon ?A. when; onB. that; onC. when; inD.that; in②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you haddinner with me yesterday ______ you lost yourhandbag?A. that; whichB. which; thatC. where; thatD. that; where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+that…—_______is it _______has made Peter _______heis today?—Determination.A. What; that; thatB. That; that; whatC. What; what; thatD. What; that; what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/ wasn’t it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old manto the hospital, ______?A. do theyB. didn’t theyC. wasn’t itD.was it强调句与其它句型的结合与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。

高考英语语法复习倒装句知识讲解定义：谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语之前。

分类：完全倒装和部分倒装两大类。

完全倒装指整个谓语放在主语之前部分倒装指助动词、情态动词或be动词等放在主语之前一、完全倒装1.there be 句型there 也可以接appear, seem, stand, exist, lie, remain, live 等词There stands a tree in front of our class.There lies a river in front of my house.2.表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语如：now, then, here, there , then, up, down, in, away, out, in the room 等置于句首,且主语是名词时Now comes your turn.In front of my house lies a river.There goes the bell.Out rushed the students.注意: 如果主语是人称代词不倒装Here we are.Out they rushed.二、部分倒装1.否定意义的副词或连词放句首时如：no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, nowhere, at no time, in no case, by no means, on no condition, in no way, under/in no circumstances等Never have I seen such a moving film.By no means will you find the key to the question on the Internet.2.only修饰副词、介词短语或从句作状语放在句首时Only in this way can we learn English well.Only then did she realize the importance of learning English.Only when he is ill, does he know how important health is.注意：only 修饰主语时, 句子不倒装Only can he tell the truth.(x)Only he can tell the truth.(√)3.Not until “直到”放句首时Not until he took off his sunglasses did I recognize him.Not until I began to work, did I realize how much time I had wasted.4.not only…but also “不仅…而且”放句首时Not only does he work hard but also he is willing to help others.Not only is he my English teacher, but also he is my friend.5.neither..., nor...“…不…, …也不…”Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.6.no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when “一...就”Hardly had he arrived when the train left.No sooner had she gone than the traffic accident happened.7.“so+adj./adv.+ that...和“such+(a/an+) adj.+n.+ that...句型中, “so或such”放句首时So excited was he that he could not say a word.Such a good job has he done that we all admire him.8.“so + be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语”用于对前面所说的肯定内容也适用于后者，表示“也”He is kind and helpful, so is she.I like English, so does he.They can speak English well, so can she.区分：He is kind and helpful, so he is.（不倒装表示“确实”）I like English, so I do.They can speak English well, so they can.9."neither/nor + be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语”用于对前面所说的否定内容也适用于后者，表示“也不”He isn’t kind and helpful, neither/nor is she.I don’t like English, neither/nor does he.I can’t speak English well, neither/nor can she.注意：如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，则用结构“It is the same with +主语”或“So it is with +主语”I worked hard, but didn't pass the exam.So it was with my friend Lucy.10.as/though引导的让步状语从句结构 n./ adj./ v./ adv.+ as / though + 主语 + 谓语Child as he is, he knows a lot.(child 前不加冠词)Young as he is, he knows a lot.Try as he might, he failed.Much as I like Beijing, I can’t live there.11.频率的副词（often, many a time 等）放句首时Many a time has he made the same mistake.Often does he make the same mistake.12.虚拟语气if 引导的条件状语从句Were I you, I would work harder.Had you followed my advice, you would have passed the exam.Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.13.某些表示祝愿的句子May you be happy!May your future become prosperous.。

英语语法中的倒装句和省略句结构Introduction英语作为全球通用的语言，其语法体系博大精深。

而语法中的倒装句和省略句结构则是每个学习者必须掌握的基本句型。

本文将详细阐述这两种结构，以便帮助读者更好地理解英语语法。

Part One：倒装句结构倒装句结构是指在英语语法中，有些语句的主谓语调换位置，即将谓语动词放在主语之前。

这种句式在正常的语法中较少使用，主要用于强调语句的某个部分，或者是使某种语气更加突出。

1.全倒装全倒装是最常见的倒装形式，根据句中的情况，全倒装可以细分为以下几种类型：（1）助动词加在主语前例如：Are you sure about that?（你对此确信吗？）（2）谓语动词前有否定词例如：Never have I been so happy in my life.（我一生中从未如此开心。

）（3）表示地点、时间或者原因的短语放在句首时例如：In the middle of the room stood a table.（屋子中央放着一张桌子。

）（4）以only开头的句子例如：Only when he arrived did I realize how much I missed him.（他到了才让我意识到我有多想念他。

）2.部分倒装在一些情况下，只有句中的某些成分需要进行倒装，这种形式就叫部分倒装。

部分倒装的几种常见形式如下：（1）否定短语位于句首例如：Not only does he speak English, but he also speaks fluent French.（他不仅能说英语，而且还能说流利的法语。

）（2）so、such和as引导的状语位于句首例如：Such was the beauty of the garden that I couldn't help but take a picture.（花园的美丽如此迷人，我不得不拍下照片。

）Part Two：省略句结构省略句结构是指在英语语法中，有些句子的主语、谓语或者其他成分可以省略，使句子更简单明了。

省略和倒装考点归纳省略考点一、状语从句中的省略(1)当主句主语与从句主语相同(或从句主语为it)，并且从句谓语中含be动词，常将从句主语和be动词省略，构成省略形式。

(2) as / than引导比较状语从句时，He earns less than his wife从句通常使用省略形式。

如：(does).【考例】When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting andrewarding. (2012安徽)A. askingB. askedC. having askedD. to be asked考点二、动词不定式的省略(1)在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时将不定式符号to省略。

【考例】The director had her assistant _____ some hot dogs for the meeting.A. picked upB. picks upC. pick upD. picking up(2)在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，可以只保留不定式符号to。

【考例】The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _____. (2013课标1)A. not to doB. not toC. not doD. do not考点三、使用替代词so / not英语中常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，多跟在I’mafraid/Ihope/Ithink / I guess / I believe / I expect / I suppose等开头的答语中，条件状语从句中也有类似的用法。

专题十六倒装句和省略句I、重点难点解析倒转句的考查主要从以下几个方面入手：1）含有否定意味的词置于句首，部分倒装；2）only＋状语/状语从句置于句首，部分倒装；3）so/such…that句型中，so＋形容词/副词提前，部分倒装；4）表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要完全倒装。

二特别提示1. There be结构的倒装句型中，there后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。

例如：There lived an old man in the village long long ago.2. here, there, now, then(只用过去式), up, down, away, out等副词位于句首，主语为代词时不倒装。

例如：Out he rushed.3. 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装。

但是主语为代词时不倒装。

“You had better stay at home,” she said.4. So位于句首不倒装的情况：主语与前句相同，表赞同, 译为“确实如此”。

例句：---Mike studies hard.---So he does. （确实是。

) 比较: （---So do I .我也是。

）5. 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用“So it is/waswith sb/sth.”回答。

---Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble.---So it is with his father.省略句高考命题导向：省略是一种避免重复，保持简洁的语法手段。

缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫做省略句。

高考主要是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。

省略句用法一览表II、实战演练根据括号中的提示完成句子。

1.Not until __________________ (I; shout) at the top of my voice ________________ (he; turn) his head.2.I won the prize at last. Never in my life ___________________ (I; feel) so happy.3.Hardly _____________________ (the thief; see) the police ___________ he ran away.4.---Hurry up! There _______________________ ( the bell; go).---My goodness! Has Mrs Li come yet?---Look! Here ___________________ (he; come)5.Not only ___________________ (he; like) singing, but __________________ (he; have)a good voice.6.---David has passed the final exam smoothly.---So _________________ (he; have), and ___________________ (I, have).7.So ____________________ (he; be frightened) in the darkness that he did not dare to move an inch.8.Up _________________________ (the balloon; go) into the air.9.At the foot of the mountain _________________________ (a village; lie)10.I’v tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _______________________ (the teacher, be satisfied) with my progress.11.If Joe’s wife doesn’t go to the party, neither ______________________.(他也不去)12.Should _________________________ (如果明天下雨), we would have to put off the sports meet.13.Child __________________ (尽管只是孩子), he shows great consideration towards the others.14.---Mike hadn’t passed the exam and was afraid of being scolded.--- ________________________. (我也一样)15.________________________________ (我们一听到铃声) than we rushed into the classroom.16.---He hasn’t finished the work yet.---Well, he _________________.(本该完成)17.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _______________ (see) whether he was going in the right direction.18.---Is your mother a teacher?---No, but she __________________.(过去是)19.---Do you know Anna’s telephone number?--- _______________ .(恐怕不知) As a matter of fact, I don’t know any Anna, either.20.---Who should be responsible for the accident?---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ____________ (按被告诉的).答案：1. I shouted; did he turn 2. have I felt 3. had the thief seen; when 4. goes the bell; he comes 5. does he; he has 6. he has; so have I 7. frightened was he8.went the balloon 9. lies a village 10. is the teacher satisfied 11. will he 12. it rain tomorrow 13. as/though he is 14. So it was with me. 15. No sooner had we heard the ring 16. should/ought to have 17. to see 18. used to be 19. I’m afraid not 20. as told。

倒装句与省略句的区别及用法解析倒装句和省略句是英语语法中常见的两种特殊句式。

它们的运用可以增加句子的多样性，使语言更加丰富，并帮助我们有效地表达思想。

本文将分析倒装句与省略句的区别，并介绍它们的用法。

一、倒装句倒装句是指在句子中调整主语和谓语的位置，通常有两种情况：完全倒装和部分倒装。

1. 完全倒装完全倒装句的结构为：助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 主语 + 谓语。

常见的倒装情况包括以下几种类型：1.1 肯定形式的完全倒装例如：- "Not only did he finish the project ahead of schedule, but he also exceeded our expectations." （他不仅提前完成了项目，而且超出了我们的预期。

）- "Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset." （我很少见到如此美丽的日落。

）1.2 否定形式的完全倒装例如：- "Never have I seen such a funny movie." （我从未见过这么有趣的电影。

）- "Little did they know what awaited them."（他们并不清楚等待他们的是什么。

）1.3 倒装的条件句例如：- "Had I known about the event, I would have attended." （要是我早知道这个事件，我就去参加了。

）2. 部分倒装部分倒装句是指将助动词/情态动词/系动词置于主语前，而谓语动词保持不变。

常见的部分倒装情况有以下几种类型：2.1 含有"only, hardly, rarely, seldom"等副词修饰状语从句的部分倒装例如：- "Only in this way can we achieve success." （只有通过这种方式，我们才能取得成功。

高考英语语法知识点归纳总结高考英语语法必备知识点语法知识点11.as...as...引导的比较级：(1)“as +形容词或副词原级+ as+被比较对象”结构。

例句：He studies as hard as you. 他像你一样学习努力。

(2)在否定句或疑问句中可用not so…as…. 例句：He can not run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。

2.only引导的倒装句型：only +状语 (或状语从句)位于句首时，句子部分倒装。

例句： Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed in life. 只有勤奋、正直，一个人在生活中才能成功。

注意：但 only修饰主语时，不倒装。

例句： Only thatgirl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。

3.wish引导的虚拟语气：wish 后面的从句，当表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时，其宾语从句的动词形式为：(1)表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式表示，be 的过去式用were.I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。

(可惜不知道。

)(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词用had +过去分词。

I wish (that) I hadn’t wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。

( 实际上已经浪费掉了。

)(3)表示对将来的主观愿望：谓语动词形式为“would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形”。

在这种情况下，主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同，因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动作名词除外) 。

I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。