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新探索研究生英语第四单元课件Unit Four: Exploring New HorizonsObjective: To enhance students' understanding of advanced English concepts and to improve their ability to communicate effectively in academic and professional settings.Introduction:Welcome to Unit Four of the New Exploration Graduate English course. In this unit, we will delve into complex grammatical structures, expand our vocabulary with advanced terminology, and practice our skills in academic writing and presentation. We will also explore the nuances of American English in various contexts, including business, technology, and social interactions.Vocabulary Enhancement:1. Innovative - introducing new ideas, methods, or products.2. Collaborate - to work jointly on an activity or project.3. Paradigm - a typical example or pattern of something.4. Disseminate - to spread information, ideas, ortechniques.5. Synthesize - to combine different ideas or elements to form a new whole.Grammar Focus: Conditional Sentences- Zero Conditional: Used to express general truths or facts.Example: If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.- First Conditional: Used to express future events that are likely or certain.Example: If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.- Second Conditional: Used to express hypothetical or unlikely situations.Example: If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.- Third Conditional: Used to talk about past situations and their hypothetical results.Example: If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.Academic Writing:In this section, we will focus on structuring an argumentative essay. Students will learn how to:- Develop a clear thesis statement.- Use evidence and examples to support their arguments.- Organize their essay with a logical flow.- Refine their writing with proper citation and referencing styles.Presentation Skills:Effective presentation is crucial in academic and professional environments. In this unit, students will:- Learn to create engaging visual aids.- Practice public speaking techniques.- Develop the ability to answer questions and engage in discussions.Cultural Insights: American English in Context- Business 英文版:- Technology and Media: Explore the jargon and trends in the tech industry.- Social English: Understand colloquial expressions and social etiquette.Assignments:1. Write a 500-word essay on a topic of your choice, using the structure and techniques learned in the Academic Writing section.2. Prepare a 10-minute presentation on an innovative technology or concept, incorporating the skills developed in the Presentation Skills section.Conclusion:By the end of this unit, you will have a deeper understanding of advanced English language skills and be better equipped to succeed in your academic and professional pursuits. Remember to practice regularly and immerse yourself in the language to see continuous improvement. Good luck!。
第四单元参考答案1.1 Pre-reading Qs:1) The method section is the most important aspect of a research paper because itprovides the information by which the validity of a study is ultimately judged.Therefore, the researcher must provide a clear and precise description of how an experiment is to be carried out, and the rationale for the specific experimental procedures chosen. It must be written with enough information so that: (1) the experiment could be repeated by others to evaluate whether the results are reproducible, and (2) the readers can judge whether the results and conclusions are valid.2)overview of the research / experiment, population / subjects, research location,materials, procedure, variables, sampling techniques, statistical treatment, possible restrictions3)When describing actions and situations that happened in the past, or telling astory and expressing actions that follow each other in a story, we normally use the simple past tense. Different tenses can be used depending on reference to the past or recurring present events. To sum up, the majority of verbs are in the past; other forms can also be used if there is a good reason for doing so. Active voice means that if the subject of a sentence performs the action, then the verb used to express this meaning is active. If the subject receives the action of the verb, then the verb is passive. Passive voice is normally used if the agent is arbitrary, not known, or not important, and sometimes “by …”is omitted. In this reading passage, a past passive structure is predominant.1.3.2·Students’ questionnaire include d five sections with 23 questions:1) demographic information2)importance of English in college and professional careers3)perceived language skill needs and problems4)the activities needed in a freshman language course, and5)suggestions for development of course content and materials as well asdemographic information.·The faculty questionnaire consisted of four sections with l6 questions, which are parallel to those in the version given to the students except that no demographic information was gathered.Research aim:A Study of perceptions of English Needs in a Medical Context Questionnaire One: The questionnaire given to the medical students consisted of five sections with 23 questions, the topics of which were importance of English in college and professional careers, perceived language skill needs and problems, activities needed in a freshman language course, and suggestions for development of course content and materials as well as demographic information.Questionnaire Two: The faculty questionnaire consisted of four sections with l6 questions, which were parallel to those in the version given to the students except that no demographic information was gathered.Research restrictions:The questionnaires were piloted, and modified according to the feedback from l0 respondents: six medical students and four faculty members.One of the authors, a faculty member at Chung Shan Medical College, selected one required class for each group of students (freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors). (The population size is not big enough and the sampling technique is not so clear.)2.1.12.1.2 A poison ivy infection is considered by some to be humorous. But it is not funny at all. A rash that has the intensity of a fresh mosquito bite and lasts for several days is caused by contact with the plant. Poison ivy infection has been studied by scientists for centuries, but no preventive pill or inoculation has been found. The poisonous substance in the plant is called urushiol. After the skin is touched by urushiol, the exposed area will soon be covered by blisters and weeping sores.2.2: The following sentences describe a process of making paper. Use sequentialwords and rewrite them into a cohesive paragraph.Firstly, the logs are placed in the shredder. Then they are cut into small chips which are mixed with water and acid. After that, they are heated and crushed to a heavy pulp which is cleaned. It is also chemically bleached to whiten it. Later, it is passed through rollers to flatten it. Then sheets of wet paper are produced. Finally, the water is removed from the sheets which are pressed, dried and refined until the finished paper is produced.3.1 Read the following sentences. They are all taken from method sections fromdifferent research articles. In each case, determine which information element is represented.1. subjects2. material3. procedure4.overview5. statistical treatment6. procedure and material7. sampling8. research location3.2 Completing sentences1) The questionnaire was administered.2) completed the questionnaire.3) Background information about these participants is presented in Table 2.4) The mean age of the participants was approximately 29 years old.5) the year of working experience was six on the average.3.3Reordering sentences1c 2 e 3 d 4 f 5g 6 b 7 I 8 a 9h3.4 Rewriting sentences(1) Table 2 shows the number of students per level and their Ll languagebackgrounds represented.(2) Two questionnaires administered respectively to the personnel officers andbusiness employees show a similar result in terms of their perception of the use of English in their firm.(3) The scores of the two raters were averaged and entered for statistical analysis.(4) The model used in the experiment was a modified version of the 2009 Testpackage, originally developed by the Morrison Research Institute.(5) Gray (1998) studied the effectiveness of the new schedule, using scores on theStanford Achievement Test as the measure.(6) After the teacher explained the directions, the students began to write.( place modifiers so that they clearly modify what they are intended to modify ) (7) Students achieved better results, although the schedule was in effect for only 1year. (Put the main idea in the main clause )(8) After putting the assignment on the board, the teacher found by checking theroll that three students were absent. (Too many and s )(9) Because many school administrators seem interested in making only simple andinexpensive changes, they have been overly receptive to simplistic solutions.( avoid inserting long modifiers between the subject and the verb )(10) Many people are reluctant to install solar energy systems because of the largecapital investment required. ( avoid using subordinate clauses that modify other subordinate clauses )3.5 Turning notes into a passageA taste test was conducted to determine students’preferences and attitudes toward sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages. Ten people, five male students and five female students, from Science English class 1 were chosen at random to participate in the test. The materials used were thirty straws, two cups, one blindfold, and two containers of Kool-Aid, a popular drink in the United States. One container held four cups of orange Kool-Aid sweetened with one half cup of sugar. The other container held four cups of orange Kool-aid sweetened with 9 packets of Nutrasweet brand artificial sweetener.The steps included in the test were as follows. Ten volunteer students were chosen, five male students and five female students. They were placed into two lines, one for the males and the other for the females. Alternately, men and women completed the taste test. To complete the test a blindfold was first fastened over the eyes of the tester so that he/she could not see. Then the two cups were filled with beverage, one with artificially-sweetened Kool-Aid and the other with sugar-sweetened Kool-Aid. The tester was then asked three questions from a survey and the answers were tabulated. Next, using a straw, the tester took a sip from eachcup. Then the final two questions on the survey were asked and the answers tabulated. Finally, the remaining drink was thrown away, and the next tester came forward to repeat the process.4. Writing Project(Omitted)。
新时代研究生学术英语第四单元作文In the fast-paced and ever-evolving world of higher education, the role of academic English has become increasingly significant. Especially for graduate students, proficiency in this language is not just a prerequisite for successful research but also a key to unlocking the doors of global opportunities. The fourth unit of "New Era Graduate Academic English" highlights the nuances and complexities of this language, emphasizing its application in various academic contexts.Firstly, the unit focuses on the evolving nature of academic English. With the advent of new technologies and the expansion of the global knowledge base, the language of academia is constantly evolving. Terms and concepts that were once niche or specific to a particular field are now becoming more mainstream, crossing disciplinary boundaries. This shift requires graduate students to be not just passive learners of language but active participants in its evolution.Secondly, the unit delves into the importance ofcritical thinking in academic writing. Academic English isnot just about grammar and vocabulary; it's about expressing ideas clearly, critically, and persuasively. Graduate students are expected to analyze complex issues, synthesize information from multiple sources, and present their findings in a coherent and logical manner. This requires a high level of critical thinking skills, which the unit helps develop through various exercises and assignments.Moreover, the unit emphasizes the role of cultural awareness in academic communication. Academic English is not just a language; it's a cultural construct. Understanding the cultural backgrounds and contexts of different academic communities is crucial for effective communication. Graduate students need to be aware of the nuances of academic writing in different cultures, from the choice of words to the structure of arguments.Lastly, the unit covers the practical application of academic English in research papers and presentations. It provides guidelines on how to structure a research paper, choose appropriate language, and present findings effectively. This is invaluable for graduate students whoare embarking on their research journeys and aim to publish their work in international journals or present their research at international conferences.In conclusion, the fourth unit of "New Era Graduate Academic English" provides a comprehensive and holistic approach to academic writing. It equips graduate students with the language skills, critical thinking abilities, and cultural awareness necessary for success in the global academic arena. By mastering these skills, graduatestudents can not only excel in their academic careers but also contribute to the evolving narrative of academic English in the new era.**新时代研究生学术英语的演变：研究生的视角**在高等教育快速变革和发展的世界中，学术英语的作用变得日益重要。
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第四单元第一节：学术写作中的逻辑思维学术写作在研究生阶段是非常重要的一环。
在新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第四单元中，我们将深入探讨学术写作中的逻辑思维。
逻辑思维在学术写作中扮演着至关重要的角色，它需要我们清晰、准确地表达自己的观点，并通过合理的论证来支持自己的观点。
逻辑思维的重要性不言而喻，它是整篇文章的基石，也是评价一篇文章质量的重要标准。
在学术写作中，逻辑思维不仅要求我们提出清晰的论点，还要求我们能够提供充分的论据来支持自己的观点。
在新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第四单元中，我们学习了如何运用逻辑思维来构建文章结构，如何进行有效地论证，以及如何避免逻辑错误。
这些都是提升学术写作水平所必备的技能。
我个人认为，逻辑思维是学术写作中的灵魂所在，它是我们表达思想的有效工具，也是展现个人思维深度和广度的重要方式。
在我的学习过程中，我深刻体会到逻辑思维在提高学术写作水平方面的重要性。
第二节：段落结构和逻辑连接论了段落结构和逻辑连接。
良好的段落结构能够使文章条理清晰，思路连贯，进而提升文章整体的可读性和说服力。
逻辑连接则是指段落与段落之间、句子与句子之间的合理过渡和通联，它直接关系到文章的连贯性和逻辑性。
在学术写作中，段落结构和逻辑连接是相辅相成的。
合理的段落结构能够使作者清晰地表达自己的观点，而良好的逻辑连接则能够使文章条理清晰、思路连贯。
在新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第四单元中，我们学习了如何通过合理的段落结构和逻辑连接来提升文章的可读性和说服力。
我个人认为，良好的段落结构和逻辑连接是学术写作中的“点睛之笔”，它们是一篇文章的灵魂所在，也是一篇文章的重要组成部分。
在我的学习过程中，我深刻体会到合理的段落结构和逻辑连接对于提升学术写作水平的重要性。
总结回顾学术写作在研究生阶段扮演着非常重要的角色。
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程第四单元着重强调了逻辑思维、段落结构和逻辑连接在学术写作中的重要性，这些都是提高学术写作水平所必备的技能。
研究生英语综合教程(下)教材翻译参考译文Unit 1A愉悦舒适不能指引你领略人生的全部，与逆境的艰苦搏斗常常会使人生变得丰富而有意义。
幸福隐藏的另一面凯思琳•麦克高恩1咫风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。
但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。
(此文来自袁勇兵博客)”2我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学_L的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。
对那些令人极度恐慌的经历作出积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人。
实际上，大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死，意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达.那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸福悖论的生动例证:为了尽可能地过上最好的生活，我们所需要的不仅仅是愉悦的感受。
我们这个时代的人对幸福的追求已经缩小到只追求福气:一生没有烦恼，没有痛苦和困惑。
这种对幸福的平淡定义忽略了问题的主要方面—种富有意义的生活所带来的那种丰富、完整的愉悦。
那就是幸福背后隐藏的那种本质—是我们在明智的男男女女身上所欣赏到并渴望在我们自己生活中培育的那种不可言喻的品质。
事实证明，一些遭受苦难最多的人-他们被迫全力应付他们未曾预料到的打击，并重新思考他们生活的意义—或许对那种深刻的、给人以强烈满足感的人生经历(哲学家们过去称之为对“美好生活”的探寻)最有发言权。
这种对美好生活的更为广泛的定义把深深的满足感和一种通过移情与他人建立的深切联系融合在一起。
New word and expression 成员：许梦、冯彬彬、周福意、马永刚、高华帅、蒋礼根、郭亚萌New Words1.Courtesy ['kɜːtɪsɪ]n.礼貌；好意；恩惠adj.殷勤的；被承认的；出于礼节的PHRASE:◆courtesy lamp踏步灯;车室照明灯;礼仪灯;门控灯◆courtesy card优待卷;优惠卡;优待卡◆courtesy seat 老弱病残专席FOR EXAMPLE:1.She called on us merely for the sake of courtesy.她来访只是为了礼貌。
2."How would you feel?"is a good way to help the child understand what courtesy is all about.比如问孩子“要是你，你会怎么想？”是帮助孩子了解礼貌究竟何为的一个很好的方式。
adj.尖锐的；刺耳的adv.尖锐地vi.尖声喊叫vt.尖声喊出n.尖叫声PHRASE:•strangle shrill压制尖叫;勒命尖叫•not shrill低沉的•shrill call这边的尖叫FOR EXAMPLE:1.Suddenly a boy’s shrill voice rose into the sky.He traversed the dark unseen, leaving the track of his song across the hush of the evening.天空里突然升起了一个男孩子的尖锐的歌声，他穿过那看不见的黑暗，留下他的歌声的辙痕跨过黄昏的静谧。
2.The argument has gotten so shrill and divisive that I am bored by it.这场争论变得如此尖锐和两极分化，已经让我感到不耐烦了。
新探索研究生英语第四单元作文These two drawings,apparently,can be associated with two distinct habits.In the left one,there is a girl beside a desk,being absorbed in learning,with an idea in her mind—it is advisable to complete as early as possible.By contrast,in the right picture,a young guy sits leisurely in a sofa,telling himself,“I need not act until the deadline.”Finally,two Chinese characters can be noticed,which say“habit”.Successful figures are usually characterized by their diverse merits,including diligence,perseverance and striving every day.However,in reality,a host of youngsters are accustomed to taking no action until the last day.This terrible habit is particularly worth concerning and as a matter of fact,their laziness has constituted an obstacle that hinders their personal growth and progress.To my understanding,we are supposed to accomplish our assignments on time each day.This good habit can be likened to a journey,leading to success and a promising future.A case in point is myself.During the past year,as a senior who has been preparing for the national entrance examination for postgraduates,I have never postponed one day’s task until the next day.This excellent habit ensures my motivation forlearning,brings me power and helps me accumulate knowledge every day.To conclude,never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.Meanwhile,every one should bear in mind that a positive habit means a lifelong treasure.。
