高考英语情态动词知识点全集汇编含解析(4)
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八、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词I.情态动词基本用法情态动词用法否定式疑问式简答式can 能力(体力,智力,技能)允许或许可(口语中常用)可能性(表猜测,用于否定句或疑问句中)can not / cannot /can’tdoCan…do…?Yes,…can.No,…can’t.could couldn’t domay 可以(问句中表示请求)可能,或许(表推测)祝愿(用于倒装句中)may not doMay…do…?Yes,…may.No,…mustn’t/can’t.might might not do Might…do…?Yes,…might No,…might not.must 必须,应该(表主观要求)肯定,想必(肯定句中表推测)must not/mustn’t do Must…do…? to.Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’t havehave to 只好,不得不(客观的必须,有时态和人称的变化)don’t have to do Do…have to do…?Yes,…do.No,…don’t.ought to 应当(表示义务责任,口语中多用should)ought not to/oughtn’t todoOught…to do…?Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall 用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等shall not/shan’t do Shall…do…?Yes,…shall.No,…shan’t.should 应当,应该(表义务责任)本该(含有责备意味)should not/sh ouldn’t do Should…do…?will 意愿,决心请求,建议,用在问句中would比较委婉will not/won’t doWill/Would…do…?Yes,…will.No,…won’t.would would not/wouldn’t dodare 敢(常用于否定句和疑问句中)dare not/daren’t do Dare…do…?Yes,…dare. No,…daren’t.need 需要,必须(常用于否定句和疑问句中)need not/needn’t do Need…do…?Yes,…must. No,…needn’t.used to 过去常常(现在已不再)used not/usedn’t/usen’tto dodidn’t use to doUsed…to do…?Did…use to do…?Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Yes,…did.No,…didn’t. II.情态动词的重点知识表示“能力、许可”的can和may 表示能力的情态动词用can/couldA computer_____think for itself; it must be told what to do.A.can’tB.must n’tC.may notD.might not表示许可时用may/might ,can/could 都可以,但在问句中用could…?或might…?以使口气委婉客气,其回答一定要用can或may,以使回答口气明确(must表示一定,必须,mustn’t表示禁止,不许可)。
高考英语情态动词语法知识点与用法高考英语情态动词语法知识点情态动词一、can和could1、can的用法(1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。
(2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。
(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。
(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。
(5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。
(6)can的特殊句型cannot…too / enough表示“无论怎么。
也不过分”。
“越。
越好”。
cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。
2、could的用法(1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。
(2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。
(3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。
(4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。
主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。
3、can与could的区别can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。
couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。
4、can与be able to的区别(1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。
(2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have(has,had)been able to。
(3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。
(4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。
二、may 和might1、may的用法(1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。
(2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。
注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。
2、might的用法(1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。
(2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。
考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should,ought to,dare,need,used to,had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点:同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况;情态动词后跟各种形式的用法;尤其要注意"情态动词+完成式"是高考中的重点所在。
对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气,宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用,交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气,含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气,以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。
【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目,每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。
考点依次是:推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪,但有效信息越来越隐蔽,语境越来越真实,考查角度越来越细致,这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。
【复习建议】情态动词:1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法;2. 掌握情态动词表达"情感、态度、语气等"方面的用法。
虚拟语气:1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法;2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法;3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法;情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1)can,could与be able to1.表示能力,意为"能,会"。
☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。
☞If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。
☞I could have worked out the problem,but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题,但我太紧张了。
高考英语情态动词知识梳理与精题分析内容解读1.准确把握情态动本身的意义和用法。
包括can, may, must, will, shall, would, should, could, ought to, might, dare, need等。
2.准确把握情态动词的推测、判断用法。
3.准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。
能力解读1.了解常见情态动词的语法特征、语义特征及相互间的区别:2.能够根据上下文的意思来确定情态动词的应用。
命题规律1.情态动词和虚拟语气在近几年高考中均是重点项目。
根据对以上各题的分析,高考的热点依次是:①推测和可能性;②"情态动词+ have done"结构;③虚拟语气;④shall, should, can 和must 表示特定语气。
2.试题的立意不偏不怪,但是有效信息越来越隐蔽,情景越来越生动、真实,考查角度越来越细微化、综合化,而这些因素都增加了试题的难度。
每年高考的单项填空部分必然有一道考查情态动词的题目,这一点是不会动摇的。
试题的特征不会有显著变化,即:立意仍将不偏不怪,情景仍将逼近真实,设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。
突破方法1.学习和掌握情态动词的意义和用法,应遵循如下步骤:①阅读语法参考书,首先从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征;②逐个学习,了解每个情态动词的用法特征;③认真区别具有相同功能的、意思相近的情态动词的用法;④收集大量真实的口语材料(如教材中的对话材料及听力材料),在真实的实际情景中印证和领悟它们的用法特征。
2.解答情态动词类的题目时,一定要细细领会情景特征,情景中没有废话,不要放过任何细节。
只有这样,才会找到足够的有效信息,做出最佳选择。
3.一定要将上面的提到的高考热点落到实处,反复咀嚼,反复演练,确保精通。
知识梳理梳理一情态动词的类型和特征一、情态动词的类型1.只作情态动词用的有:must, can (could), may (might), ought to;2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有:need, dare (美语中常用作实义动词);3.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有:shall (should), will (would);4.具有情态动词的某些特征的有:have (had) to, used to。
高考英语情态动词讲解公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-(一)情态动词常考点(一)表能力如:I am starving to death。
I can eat two bowls of rice now。
(现在的能力)我快饿死了,现在我能吃两碗米饭。
If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem。
(将来的能力)如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out。
(过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事)尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆,但是每个人都能够逃出去。
I could have worked out the problem,but I didn’t。
(过去有能力做但未做)我本来可以解决这个问题,但没有解决。
(二)表推测(可能性)1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。
所谓客观的(理论的)可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生,此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。
情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的(理论的)可能性,而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时,can一般不用于肯定句。
如:Accident can happen on such rainy days。
这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。
(客观的可能性)Peter may come with us tonight,but he isn’t sure yet。
彼得今晚可能和我们来,但他还没确定。
(实际可能性,不用can)2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性:这可能是他做的吗?Mr. Bush is on time for everything。
How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(表示疑惑、惊讶)布什先生做每件事都很按时。
高考英语情态动词真题汇编(含答案)及解析考查情态动词+have done。
句意:坦白地说,我不确定我过去是否需要用那种看起来很奇怪、很荒谬的设备做过这件事。
根据句意可知,这件事过去已经发生,而且自己不确定是否需要做,故应使用“___’t have done”,表示过去本来没必要做而做了。
所以选C。
A.should have done表示“本应该做而没做”;B.need have done表示“本来没有必要做但是做了”;C.___’t have done表示“本来没必要做但是做了”;D.must have done表示“一定做了”。
根据句意可知选C。
二、完形填空情态动词4.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m going to the supermarket。
Do you want me to buy you anything?I’m good。
thanks,” my friend replied。
“But could you possibly pick up some milk for me?”Sure,” I said。
“___1___ kind would you like?”Oh。
___2___ you。
I’ll take whatever you get.” she said.I ___3___ the supermarket and picked up a gallon of milk。
When I got to the checkout。
I ___4___ that the line was long and there was only one cashier working。
I ___5___ my head and sighed。
___6___ that it was going to take a while.Just as I was about to ___7___ the line。
【英语】高考英语情态动词解析版汇编含解析一、单项选择情态动词1.One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school. A.might B.couldC.shall D.will【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。
句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。
shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做……”,结合句意可知C正确。
2.Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.A.should have done B.need have done C.would have done D.must have done 【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。
句意:坦率地说,我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事,这看起来很奇怪和可笑。
A. should have done表示本应该做某事,而实际上没有做某事;B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做;C. would have done虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”;D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。
由“in the old days”可知,本句表示对过去事情的假设。
故选C项。
3.—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.—Maybe he got caught in the rain.A.must B.ought toC.may D.can【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
语法专题(三)情态动词考点归纳考点一:情态动词表示能力1.表现在的或一般的能力:表示现在的或一般的能力用can或be able to,can 比be able to 使用得更普遍。
can 侧重指有能力做某事;而be able to更强调通过努力、克服困难做成某事。
A computer can't think for itself ;it must be told what to do.He is a native speaker of English,so he can of course speak English quite well.2.表示将来的能力:表示将来能力用will be able to。
If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.如果你睡个好觉,你就能做出这道题。
3.表示过去的能力:could 表示过去一般的能力,即不表示做或未做某事;而was (were) able to do则表示过去有能力并且成功地做了某事,相当于managed to do something/succeeded in doing somethin。
g考点二:情态动词表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的(理论的)可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性。
1.客观的(理论的)可能性指并不涉及具体某事是否会发生,此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。
can 用于肯定句中表示客观的(理论的)可能性,can用于疑问及否定句中则表示实际发生的可能性。
The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be very slow.A left- luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time,especially in a railway station.2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性:表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的这些词后接动词原形是对现在事情的推测,后接完成式则表示对过去事情的推测;其中can,may/might,should,ought to,must 有时还可接进行时表示对现在正在进行的事情的推测。
高考英语新情态动词知识点全集汇编含答案(4)一、选择题1.Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”A.could have been rewarded B.must have been rewardedC.should be rewarded D.need have been rewarded2.—Look at these tracks. It ________ be a wolf. I’m sure about it.—You are right! We have to be careful.A.may B.must C.can’t D.shouldn’t3.-Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.-Really? He__the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. A.could have taken B.should takeC.must have taken D.can take4.—It’s so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed?—Oh, I’m not to blame. They ________ open.A.shan’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.wouldn’t5.You ______ have carried all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked them.A.may not B.needn't C.can't D.mustn't6.—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.—It true because there was little snow there.A.may be not B.won’t be C.couldn’t be D.mustn’t be 7.According to the latest rule, people _______sort household garbage into four categories. A.can B.shall C.may D.need8.I ______my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.A.should pass B.could have passedC.had passed D.must have passed9.Skills like critical thinking and analysis ________ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t10.It ___________ last night, for the road was very muddy.A.would have rained B.must have rained C.should have rained D.must rain 11.Although you ______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop. A.should B.need C.must D.can12.I ca n’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A.had got B.got C.would have got D.would get13.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ___________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A.might B.mustC.would D.should14.—Do you know where Tony is?—He _________ in the living room. I saw him there just now.A.shall be B.should have been C.might have been D.must be15.AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _____ be used responsibly and in a proper way. A.can B.need C.must D.will16.More and more countries have come to realize that the world____ do without Huawei and its "more advanced" technology.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn't 17.(2018·北京) In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A.need B.shouldC.can D.must18.The lady ________ have done something wrong, because she is looking guilty.A.would B.should C.can D.must19.You _________ me about it earlier, but you didn't.A.should have told B.would have toldC.must have told D.should tell20.Tom told us that he ______ come to the party tonight, but he wasn’t sure about this.A.will B.would C.could D.might21.— Did Bob take the job in the supermarket? — No, but I think he _________.A.will have B.may have C.should have D.must have22.It’s nearly 7 o’clock. Jack ____________ be here at any moment.A.shall B.had toC.ought to D.have to23.—Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.—Thanks, but I think I ______ more attention to my stage manners during that time.A.must pay B.should payC.must have paid D.should have paid24.As you worked late last night, you __________ have come this morning.A.may not B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t25.Sir, you ____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only. A.shouldn’t B.will C.won’t D.needn’t【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。
高考英语情态动词知识点全集汇编含解析(4)一、选择题1.One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school. A.might B.couldC.shall D.will2.Tourists who enter the quiet area _____ obey the rule to reduce any potential effect on the environment.A.can B.may C.shall D.dare3.You ______ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.A.may B.can C.should D.would4.For all of the diligent students here, I give you my promise: Work hard, and you ________ be rewarded!A.can B.need C.shall D.could5.She is shy and ________ the teacher’s question.A.dares not answer B.doesn’t dare to answerC.dare not to answer D.dares not to answer6.-Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.-Really? He__the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. A.could have taken B.should takeC.must have taken D.can take7.My computer ________ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it. A.wouldn’t B.shouldn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t8.I didn’t hear the phone. I ___ asleep.A.must be B.must have beenC.should be D.should have been9.—Life ____ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in winter.—Yes, the weather there _____ be as low as 60℃ below zero.A.must; can B.shall; must C.will; should D.has to; can 10.You don’t look well, you __________ see the doctor.A.ought to B.mayC.can D.might11.Sir, you ____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only. A.shouldn’t B.will C.won’t D.needn’t 12.Schools have been lengthening the school day to raise test marks, which ________ be costly if schools need air conditioning on hot days.A.might B.can C.dare D.need13.More and more countries have come to realize that the world____ do without Huawei and its "more advanced" technology.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn't 14.—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.A.must B.can C.would D.should 15.(2018·北京) In to day’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A.need B.shouldC.can D.must16.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I ____________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.needn’t have taken D.mustn’t have taken17.Helen________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A.shall B.may C.must D.can18.—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.— Well. He ________ have gone far — his coat is still here.A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.wouldn’t 19.The lady ________ have done something wrong, because she is looking guilty.A.would B.should C.can D.must 20.Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it’s worth the efforts. A.need B.shallC.can D.should21.—Jane, why don’t you take a bite of the chocolate?—Well, I am on diet, if you __________know.A.must B.shall C.would D.could 22.There’s no light on --- they _______ be at home.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t23.I____________ go to a summer camp during the summer vacation, but I am not sure. A.might B.can C.must D.need24.I _________ my driving test but I didn’t operate carefully.A.should pass B.may passC.might have passed D.might pass25.There are still 30 minutes ____, so we ____ hurry with lunch.A.going…needn’t B.to leave…don’t need C.leaving…needn’t to D.to go…needn’t【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。
句意:我们其中的一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。
A. might可以;B. could 可能;C. shall 一定;D. will会。
shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做……”,结合句意可知C正确。
故选C项。
2.C解析:C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:进入安静区域的游客应遵守规则,减少对环境的潜在影响。
shall在陈述句中用于第二、三人称,表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等。
此处shall表示告诫。
故选C。
3.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:你可能觉得所有的训练都是在浪费时间,但我百分之百地肯定,以后你会感谢你所做的一切。
A. may可能;或许;B. can可能;C. should应该;D. would 会;将会。
根据句意表示“可能;或许”,不是那么肯定,故选A。
4.C解析:C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:对于在座的所有勤奋的学生,我向你承诺:努力工作,你将获得回报!分析句子可知,promise有承诺、许诺之意,shall可用于第二、第三人称,表许诺,故选C。
5.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查dare的用法。
句意:她很害羞,不敢回答老师的问题。
dare作情态动词时,否定形式是dare not do,没有人称变化;dare作实义动词时,否定形式是don’t dare to do sth.,有人称变化。
故选B。
解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:Jenny今天早上坐8:00的客车去广州了。
真的吗?她本能够坐9:00火车的,乘火车去旅游更安全舒适。
情态动词加have done表示对过去的猜测,A.表本可能做了某事;B.表应该做某事;C.表过去一定做了某事D.可能,能够做某事。
根据句意,此处是对过去的虚拟,故选A。
7.A解析:A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
A. wouldn’t 不会;B. shouldn’t不应该; C. couldn’t 不能; D. mustn’t禁止,不允许。
句意:我的电脑今早启动不了。
一定是出了什么问题。
此处would表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。
故选A。
8.B解析:B【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词。
句意:我没有听到电话,肯定是睡着了。