【优化指导】(新课标全国)高考英语总复习 课时作业34 新人教版

【优化指导】（课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业30 北师大版一、阅读理解ADoes your laptop sometimes get so hot that it can almost be used to fry eggs ? New technology may help cool it，and give information technology a unique twist，says Jairo Sinova，a professor.Laptops are getting increasingly powerful，but as they get smaller they are heating up，and dealing with the excessive heat has become a headache，Sinova explains.“The heart of the problem is the way information is processed，”Sinova notes.“Laptops and some other devices use flows o f electricity to process information，and thereby also produce heat.Theoretically，excessive heat could melt the laptop，and also wastes considerable energy.”Sinova’s research is on an alternate way to process information.“Our research looks at the spin(旋转)of electrons(电子)，tiny particles that naked eyes cannot detect，”he explains.“The directions they turn can be used to record and process information.”To process information，Sinova says，it is necessary to create information，transmit the information，and finally read it.The question is，can we change the way this is done？“The device we’ve designed arranges the electrons according to spin together with the information we want to process.We then transmit the electrons to another place in the device but with the spin still surviving，and finally are able to measure the direction of their spin through a voltage(电压)that they produce，”Sinova explains.electrons could travel while still keeping their spin.“Transmission is no problem now.Whereas before the limit was several hundred feet，with our device information can easily be transmitted hundreds of miles，”he says.“This new device，，has a lot of real practical potential，”he says.“One huge advantage is that it is operational at room temperature，which nobody had been able to achieve until now.Itmay lead to a new and more efficient way to process information.”1．To deal with hot laptops，we need to______.A．make them smallerB．protect them with special materialsC．find a new way to process informationD．speed up the movement of electrons2．What can we learn about Sinova’s device?A．It makes information easily transmitted to hundreds of miles away.B．It can be operated at any temperature.C．It can send information anywhere.D．It is made of all new materials.3．From the last paragraph we can infer that______.A．laptops can only be used at room temperatureB．the new device has not yet been put to practical useC．laptops are the most efficient way to process informationD．laptops function best indoors4．What might be the most suitable title for the text?A．New Laptops Can Be Used to Fry EggsB．New Laptops Waste No EnergyC．New Technology May Cool the LaptopD．New Device Processes Information FasterBKataria is the founder of the worldwide laughter movement.The celebration of World Laughter Day is a positive activity for world peace and is intended to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter.The first“World Laughter Day”gathering took place in Mumbai，India，on 11th January,1998.12,000 members from India and international Laughter Clubs attended it.Now there are over 5,000 Laughter Clubs worldwide on all 5 continents.took place on 9th January，two years after the Mumbai gathering.In Copenhagen，Denmark，more than 10,000 people gathered at Town Hall Square.The event went intoGuinness Book of World Records.“World Laughter Day”is now organized on the first Sunday of May every year.Hundreds of people gather worldwide on that day to laugh together.Today，many people fear widespread international terrorism.The world has never faced so much unrest before.People are at war within ughter is a universal language，which has the ability to unite humanity without ughter can build a common connection between various religions and create a new world order.The idea may sound ov野心太大的)，and maybe it is.But maybe it is not.It is our deep belief that laughter and only laughter can unite the world，building up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship.Studies also say that laughter helps your body do the following：lower blood pressure；lighten depression；reduce stress；work out the heart，especially for those who are unable to perform physical exercise.So in life，when you can laugh，you should laugh loudly and with your entire body—because it’s good for you.5．The purpose of celebrating World Laughter Day is ______.A．to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter B．to build a common connection between various religionsC．to reduce stress and lighten depressionD．to lower blood pressure6．The first World Laughter Day gathering outside India took place______.A．on 11th January,1998B．on the first Sunday of MayC．on 9th January,1996D．on 9th January,20007．The author’s attitude towards laughter movement is ______.A．positive B．negativeC．uninterested D．objective二、短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013高考英语总复习课时作业30Unit5选修6一、单项填空1．The boss wanted an assistant with______knowledge of French and ______ work experience.A．the；a B．不填；theC．a；不填D．the；不填解析：考查冠词。

句意：老板想聘请一个懂法语，并且有工作经验的助理。

第一个空考查固定搭配a knowledge of“有某一方面的知识”；第二个空experience表示“经验”时是不可数名词，故不用冠词。

答案：C2．—You know their talk？Where did you hide yourself at that time?—It was behind that tree ________ I could hear their talk clearly.A．in which B．thatC．from where D．which解析：考查定语从句与强调句的辨析。

答语部分为省略了“that I hid myself at tha t time”的强调句。

tree之后是from where(from behind the tree)引导的定语从句。

答案：C3．—Oh dear！I’ve just broken a window.—______.It can’t be helped.A．Never mind B．All rightC．That’s fine D．Not at all解析：此处表示安慰，句子意思：不要紧(Never mind)，已经没法了。

注意Never mind.表示两个意思：①Don’t worry；②It doesn’t matter.。

答案：A4．The early 2000’s ______ the greater improvement in the living standard of Chinese peasants.A．took B．madeC．saw D．brought解析：考查动词词义辨析。

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013高考英语总复习课时作业35Unit5选修7一、单项填空1．President Barack Obama has asked his economic team for ______recovery plan that creates 2.2 million jobs，for______US economy is losing jobs at an alarming rate.A．a；the B．the；theC．/；the D．a；/解析：考查冠词。

第一个空表示“一项”计划，因此用不定冠词a；第二个空特指美国经济，因此用定冠词the。

答案：A2．Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware______the price.A．not to mention B．in addition toC．on account of D．regardless of解析：考查短语意义。

句意：研究机构必须坚持更新使用最新的计算机和科学硬件而不考虑价格。

not to mention“不提及”；in addition to“另外还有，补充”；on account of“因为……”；regardless of“不考虑……，不管……”。

故D项符合题意。

答案：D3． ______we think of Rose，we have to admit that she’s a specialist in this field.A．Whichever B．WhatC．Whatever D．However解析：whatever引导的是让步状语从句，且whatever作think的宾语。

句意：不论我们对Rose评价如何，我们不得不承认她是那个方面的专家。

答案：C4．______ wants to keep fit needs to exercise often and pays more attention to every meal.A．Anyone B．Those whoC．Whoever D．Whichever解析：考查主语从句。

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013高考英语总复习课时作业37Unit1选修8一、单项填空1．What ______ public is concerned about is whether the government will be able to find ______ cure for the financial crisis.A．/；the B．/；aC．the；the D．the；a解析：the public表示“公众”；第二个空是不定冠词表示泛指的用法，a cure表示“(解决问题的)措施”。

句意：公众关心的是政府能否找到解决此次金融危机的措施。

答案：D2．She believed herself to be innocent；she went into the police station with her head highly______.A．raising B．raisedC．risen D．to raise解析：动词raise与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词表示被动。

句意：因为她相信她自己是清白的，因此，她昂首挺胸地走进了警察局。

答案：B3．He is only too ready to help others，seldom，______，refusing them when they turn to him.A．if never B．if everC．if not D．if any解析：本题考查考生在语境中灵活运用短语辨析用法的能力。

此处seldom，if ever 是一个短语，是“从不，决不”的意思。

答案：B4．Andrea isn’t lazy；she’s just ______.She needs to wo rk smarter，not harder.A．inefficient B．incapableC．independent D．intelligent解析：考查形容词辨析。

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013高考英语总复习课时作业30Unit5选修6一、单项填空1．The boss wanted an assistant with______knowledge of French and ______ work experience.A．the；a B．不填；theC．a；不填D．the；不填解析：考查冠词。

句意：老板想聘请一个懂法语，并且有工作经验的助理。

第一个空考查固定搭配a knowledge of“有某一方面的知识”；第二个空experience表示“经验”时是不可数名词，故不用冠词。

答案：C2．—You know their talk？Where did you hide yourself at that time?—It was behind that tree ________ I could hear their talk clearly.A．in which B．thatC．from where D．which解析：考查定语从句与强调句的辨析。

答语部分为省略了“that I hid myself at tha t time”的强调句。

tree之后是from where(from behind the tree)引导的定语从句。

答案：C3．—Oh dear！I’ve just broken a window.—______.It can’t be helped.A．Never mind B．All rightC．That’s fine D．Not at all解析：此处表示安慰，句子意思：不要紧(Never mind)，已经没法了。

注意Never mind.表示两个意思：①Don’t worry；②It doesn’t matter.。

答案：A4．The early 2000’s ______ the greater improvement in the living standard of Chinese peasants.A．took B．madeC．saw D．brought解析：考查动词词义辨析。

【关键字】优化【优化指导】（新课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业3Unit3必修1一、单项填空1. It is reported that a bus went out of______control on a highway______south of the city last night.A．/；/ B．/；theC．the；/ D．the；the解析：考查冠词用法。

句意：据报道昨天晚上在城南的高速公路上有一辆公共汽车失控了。

out of control是固定短语“失去控制”；south此处是副词，前面不用冠词，当south 之类的词用作名词其前面用介词时，用定冠词the。

答案：A2．Einstein left ______ World War Ⅱ broke out.A．during B．the yearC．while D．there解析：the year 引导时间状语从句。

句意：在二战爆发的那年，爱因斯坦离开了欧洲。

答案：B3．______ that the new comer had nowhere to go，the kind hearted old man advised him to live with him.A．Having seen B．To seeC．Seeing D．Seen解析：考查固定结构。

seeing that意为“鉴于，由于”。

句意：由于那个新来的人没有地方住，那个善良的老人就建议他和他一起住。

答案：C4．Not until I went further______that under the tree______，obviously sound asleep.A．that I saw；did a boy lie B．I saw；lay a boyC．did I see；lay a boy D．did I see；did a boy lie解析：考查倒装。

第一个空not until否定词用于句首用部分倒装；第二个空表示方位的介词短语用于句首用完全倒装。

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013高考英语总复习课时作业38Unit3选修8一、单项填空1．All the efforts that the Chinese government is making will certainly lead to ______ more peaceful and more advanced world，______ place where everyone enjoys his life and freedom.A．the；a B．/；theC．the；the D．a；a解析：考查冠词的用法。

当world前有形容词修饰时，常与不定冠词连用，表示“一个……的世界”；第二个空a place作前面a...world的同位语。

答案：D2．It was a matter of ______ would take the position.A．who B．whoeverC．whom D．whomever解析：句意：那是一个谁当选的问题。

who would take the position在句中作介词of 的宾语。

答案：A3．He forgot the work his manager had told；______，he was scolded severely by the manager and fined heavily.A．luckily B．howeverC．therefore D．besides解析：考查副词辨析。

前后两个分句之间是因果关系，所以应该用表示因果关系的副词therefore。

luckily“幸运地”；however“然而”；besides“除此之外(还有)”，均不符合语境。

答案：C4．He must have finished the work by the end of last month，______ he?A．mustn’t B．hadn’tC．didn’t D．hasn’t解析：主句的时间状语by the end of last month是过去完成时的时间状语，因此B 项符合。

【优化指导】（课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业32 北师大版一、阅读理解AMary McGuire­Wien and her husband，Charles Wildbank，had been searching for a new home on Long Island for more than a year，but every place they’d seen was either unsuitable or unaffordable.After one long Sunday of u nsuccessful house­hunting with their agent，the couple were anxious to get back home，but got stuck at a traffic light right next to an old barn that was being repaired.“A guy in a hard hat looked over at us and said，‘Are you looking for a house ？’”says Mary.Though the barn didn’t look like a house—it didn’t even have any visible windows—Mary and her husband got out to take a look.The building turned out to be loftlike，with beautiful historical details(including back­facing windows)．“A normal family probably wouldn’t want it，”says Mary.“But it was absolutely perfect for us because we needed a space where I could have a yoga(瑜伽)retreat，and where Charles could paint.”They agreed to buy the place from the construction worker，who turned out to be the barn’s owne r.Mary and Charles could be considered fortunate—what are the chances that the owner would stop them when they were most in need of a home？And yet，they were the ones who agreed to investigate an unlikely prospect.Their open­mindedness turned a strange moment into a lucky break.People who find and seize opportunities are different.They are more open to life’s forking(分叉的)paths，so they see possibilities others miss.And if things don’t work out the way they’d hoped，they brush_off disappointment and launch themselves toward the next fortunate circumstance.As a result，they’re happier and more likely to achieve their goals.Psychologists are figuring out why some people always seem to miss incredible opportunities.Their insights can help us all lead luckier lives.1．Why did the house attract the couple?A．It was suitable for investment.B．The price of it was low.C．It had a good location.D．It was suitable for both of them.2．According to the text，Mary and Charles______.A．can easily find and seize opportunitiesB．are open­minded to possibilitiesC．are pleased with their old houseD．work hard to achieve their dreams3．What does the underlined phrase“brush off”in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Focus on. B．Give in to.C．Pay no attention to. D．Put off.4．What can we learn from the couple?A．All roads lead to Rome.B．Time and tide wait for no man.C．A happy life needs a good attitude.D．The one who laughs last laughs best.BBy far the most common difficulty in studying is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work.This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine(常规)of study.Many students just do a bit of this subject or that，as the mood takes them，or let their work pile up until the last possible moment.Few students work to a set a timetable.They say that even if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it，or would have to change it frequently，since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.No doubt some students are more willing to accept a regular routine than others.But there are many who shy away from a self­controlled weekly timetable，and dislike being tied down to a fixed programme of work.Many able students state that they work in cycles.When they become interested in a topic，they work on it attentively for three or four days at a time.On other days they avoid work completely.It has to be admitted that we do not fully understand the motivation to work.Most people over 25 years of age have become used to routine，and the majority of real productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important areas of their work.The“tough­minded”school doesn’t fully accept the idea that good workcan only be done naturally，under the influence of inspiration.Those who believe that they need only work and study as_the_fit_takes_them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of“freedom”．In fact，freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to“self­expression”or“personality development”．Our society insists on regular habits，timekeeping and punctuality(准时)，and whether we like it or not，if we mean to make our way in society，we have to meet demands.5．The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is ______.A．changing from one subject to anotherB．the failure to keep to a set timetable of workC．the unwillingness to finish his set workD．working on a subject only when one feels like it6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Many students are not interested in using self­controlled timetable.B．Many students insist that high motivation leads to great efficiency.C．Most people over 25 years of age don’t work to a set timetable.D．Tough­minded people agree that a good job is do ne naturally with inspiration.7．The underlined part“as the fit takes them”(in Paragraph 4)means“______”．A．when they are encouragedB．when they are in the moodC．when they feel healthyD．when the conditions are suitable二、短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

【优化指导】（课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业40北师大版课时作业（四十）Unit 20 B 卷一、阅读理解AMany Americans take their summer vacations in August. President Obama and his family are among them.This August the first family visited .the Florida Gulf Coast .The president wants to promote tourism in the area after the BP oi 1 spill （漏油）.The first family took a ten-day vacation on Martha" s Vinejard, an island off the coast of Massachusetts.Martha's Vineyard i s known for the sailing, sunsets and its tai 1 cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. The island is about 13 kilometers off the coast and is less than 260 square kilometers. Homes designed like those of earlier times line the streets of EdgartouTi, Oak Bluffs and Vineyard Haven. These are the major towns on Martha1 s Vineyard.For most of the year, the population of Martha's Vineyard is about 15,000.In summer, more than 100,000 people crowd the island. In addition to the Obamas, you mi ght see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people .Many visitors return year after year.During warm weather the Vineyard is a good place for many different activities. People can play golf or catch fish- They can ride in sailboats or motor boats. They can waterski and swim. They can take quiet walks along semdy beaches and among the thick green trees.One of the popular places for families with children is the Flying Horses Carousel in Oak Bluffs・ It is the oldest continually operated merry-ground ride in the United States. The colorful wood horses that turn in a circle were created in 1876 ・ One of the best places for chi Idren to swim is the Joseph A. Sylvia st ate beach. The water there is warmer and calmer. Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the i si and wildlife.Visitors watch the sunsets sitting on the beach and on rocks in the fishing village of Menemsha. As the sun goes clown in the sky it paints yellow, red, and other colors on the clouds・ Fishing boats rise and fall with the waves・ Bolls sound to help guide the boats to land as darkness covers the water.Historians say British mapmaker Bartholomew Gosnold first made a map of the isla nd for the rulers of En gla nd in 1602・ Gos nold n a med the island to honor his baby daughter, Martha・The Vineyard part of the name came from the many wiId grape vines Gosnold found on the island. Later, King Charles of England gave the island to businessman Thomas Mayhew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, whose son established the first European settlement on the island in 1642. By the middle of the nineteenth century, ships from the American mainland began bringing visitors to the island・ Big hotel s were bui 11 near the edge of the water< Martha，s Vineyard was on i ts way to becoming the visitors' center that it is today.1.We can infer that _______ .A.the BP oil spill has a negative effect on the tourism along the Florida Gulf CoastB.the BP oil spill has con tributed to the tourism along the Florida Gul f CoastC.Preside nt Obama went to the Florida Gul f Coast to deal with the BP oi 1 spillD・ this was the first time that Preside nt Obama and his famil y had taken the vacation on Martha J s Vineyard2.Which month is the peak time for tourism in Martha's Vineyard?A.January.B. August-C. December・D. March.3.If children want to see wild animals, the family should go to _______________ .A.the Flying Horses CarouselB.the Sylvia state beachC.the fishing village of MenemshaD.the Felix Neck Wi1dlife SanctuaryBWashington（屁—People who drink two or more sweetened soft drinks a week have a much higher risk of pancreatic cancer （胰腺癌）,an unusual but deadly cancer, researchers reported on Monday.People who drank mostly fruit juice instead of sodas did not have the same risk, the study of 60,000 people in Singapore found.Sugar may be to blame but people who drink sweetened sodas regularly often have other poor health habits, said Mark Pereira of the University of Minnesota, who led the study.“The high levels of sugar in soft drinks may be increasing the level of insulin （胰岛素）in the body, which we think contributes to pancreatic cancer cell growth, ” Pereira said in a statement.Writing in the jourrml Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention,Pereira and his colleagues said they followed 60, 524 men and women in the Singapore Chincso Health Study for 14 years.Over th at time, 140 of the volunteers developed pancreatic cancer. Those who drank two or more sweetened soft drinks a week had an 87 percent higher risk of being among those who got pancreatic cancer.Pereira sai cl he bel ieved the f i ndings woul d appl y el sewhere.u Singapore is a wealthy country with excellent healthcare. Favorite pastimes （消la ）are eating and shopping , so the findings should apply to other Western countries, ” he said・But Susan Mayne of the Yale Cancer Center at Yale University in Connecticut was cautious."Al though thi s study found a risk, the finding was based on a relatively smal 1 number of cases and i t rema ins uncl ear whether it is a causal （因果的）co nnecti on or not, ” said Mayne, who serves on the board of the journal, which is published by the American Association for Cancer Research.Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer, with 230,000 cases globally. In the United States, 37, 680 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in a year and 34, 290 die of it.4.According to the text, who is in control -of the health study?A.Mark Pereira・B. Scientists from Singapore・C. Researchers in Yale.D. Susan Mayne.5.We can infer from Pereira，s words that __________ .A.the healthcare in Singapore should be greatly improvedB.2 soft drinks a day are considered harmful to healthC.87 out of 140 volunteers developed pancreatic cancerD・ sugar might not be the only cause of pancreatic cancer6.How does Susan seem to feel about the findings of the study?A. Satisfied.B. Doubtful.C. Worried.D. Hopeful.7.The best title of the text might be “____________ ”.A. The Deadliest Forms of CancerB.Drink Fruit Juice Instead of SodasC.A Study in University of MirmesotaD.Sugary Soft Drinks Lead to Cancer二、短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空口处的最佳选项。