过去完成时和过去完成进行时课件
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目录:过去完成时.................................................1
一般过去时.................................................2
过去进行时.................................................3
过去完成进行时.................................................4~5
过去完成时
定义
过去完成时(past perfect tense):表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”
①表示发生在过去的动作对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果,用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。
②过去某动作一直持续到现 在将来可能还要延续下去。句中的动作发生在过去之前(过去的过去),即过去完成时动作发生在过去的过去。
基本结构
主语+have+过去分词vpp.(done)
①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词+其他.
②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词+其他.
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had
否定回答:No,主语+hadn't
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词+其他)?
⑤被动语态:主语+had(hadn't)+been+过去分词+其他
由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
1
一般过去时
变化规则
1.直接加ed:work—— worked look——looked
过去进行时与一般过去时
一、 时间状语不同
一般过去时的时间状语主要有:yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening), last night (week,
month, year), ago, the day before yesterday, in 2003, just now, long long ago, one day等;
过去进行时的时间状语有:at this / that time yesterday, the whole evening, all day yesterday等。试比较:
He introduced Tom to us just now. 刚才他向我们介绍了汤姆。
She was doing some washing all day yesterday. 昨天她洗了一整天的衣服。
二、 强调动作的角度不同
一般过去时强调动作的发生或状态的存在;而过去进行时强调动作正在进行的延续性。试比较:
I got up at five the day before yesterday. 前天我是五点起床的。
He was painting the lab the whole day yesterday. 昨天他一整天都在粉刷实验室。
三、 动词的特点不同
1. 行为动词在这两种时态中均可使用。例如:
We planted trees two days ago. 两天前我们植树了。
We were planting trees this time last Friday. 上周五这时候我们在植树。
2. 有些动词只用于一般过去时,而不能用于过去进行时。例如:
1) 表示感观的动词:feel, hear, know, see, smell, taste等。
2) 表示状态、感情的动词:be, dislike, have, hate, love, like, want, wish等。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Tomorrow comes never. 切莫依赖明天。 1 课前过手训练
Name: Scores:
( )1. The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she _____ before.
A. didn’t fly B. hasn’t flown C. hadn’t flown D. wasn’t flying
( )2.My e-mail ______to you last night. Have you received it____?
A. sent; yet B. is sent; already C. was sent; yet
( )3. -- Have you ever been to Shanghai ,Mary?
-- Yes. I _______ there for three days with my parents last month.
A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was
( )4. -- Are you going to the party? -- No, because I ______.
此刻达成过去达成过去达成进行时
1 / 7 此刻达成时练习
一.填空
1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week.
2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet . 3. -----_____you _______(be) to Hong Kong ?
----Yes, I ________________ (be) there twice .
4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never. 5. My father ____ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. Where ’s Li Ming ? He ____________ (go) to the teacher ’s office.
7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a
large city.
8. I _____________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999.
9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here.
10. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks.
I 二. 句型变换 ( 每空一词 ) 。