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谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气)要点一情态动词的基本用法【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。
常译为“有时会”。
2.may,might【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。
may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。
3.will,would【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。
4.shall,should,ought to5.must,have to【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。
(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to表示“不必”。
(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。
7.dare 的用法【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。
(2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。
要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法1.must have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。
It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet.昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。
I saw Mr Wang just now.He can’t have gone abroad.刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。
2.could have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。
情态动词主要考点考点一、情态动词的基本用法can 和could1.表示能够做某事(abili(y) ,could主要指过去吋态。
2.表示许可，用于疑问句表示请求(could)更委婉，用否定表示不允许。
3.can还可表示一时的可能性.exercise:1.1am starving to death? I ______ eat two bowls of rice now.2.Remember to pack more winter clothes into your suitcase. The winter in Chicago ________ be extremely cold .3.--- --------------- I use your bike tomorrow morning?---- Y es, you _________ .mustT^ust用于肯定何中表示说话人的意志和义务，意为“必须” ；mustnl表示“禁止”2.must还表示“非得，偏要”表示说话人的不满情绪。
3.must开头的疑问句，肯定冋答用must,否定冋答用“needrft/dorTt have to"exercise:1.You _________ smoking in the room. If you ___________ s moke, go out please.2. ------ Must I arrive at the station at 6 o'clock?-No, you __________ ? M匚Smith will go to pick them up?wil］和would1.will(would)表意愿，用于各种人称。
2.will/would在疑问句屮表示征求对方的许"J或者请求，常川于第二人称，些时would不是will的过去式，只表示语气比will更委婉，也可用could,might.3.would还可表过去重复、习惯性的动作，“总是，老是”，但要区别于used to do,后者强调过去与现在对比，would则不。
情态动词和虚拟语气高考中英语里常出现的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式〞是高考中的重点所在。
高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进展考查。
情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。
考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
考点1情态动词根本含义的考查情态动词的根本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。
【典例】The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. was able toD. could【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的根本含义。
had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或过去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。
因此，答案是C。
【典例】—Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,—In my opinion, he really ____ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.A.shouldB.canC.mayD.need【答案】A【解析】此题考查情态动词用法。
句意：——吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止。
情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Where will you start your work after graduation?—Mum，it's not been decided yet.I ________ continue my study for a higher degree.A．need B．must C．would D．might解析句意：——毕业后你会在哪里工作？——妈妈，还没有确定下来呢。
我可能会继续学习获得更高的学位。
根据答语中的“it's not been decided yet”可知，此处暗含不太确定的语气，故选might。
答案 D2．—Guess what？I came first in that contest.—Great！You ________ a lot during the past two weeks.A．must practise B．should practiseC．should have practised D．must have practised解析在比赛中得了第一名一定是经过很多练习换来的，所以D项must have practised 符合语意，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
答案 D3．—Hi，Joan.Any idea where Tom is?—He ________ on the playgroun d.I saw him there playing football just now.A．shall be B．should have beenC．must be D．might have been解析句意：——嗨，Joan。
你知道Tom在哪里吗？——一定在操场上，我刚才看见他在操场上踢足球。
must be是对现在状态的肯定推测。
答案 C4．—The similarities between social networks are striking.—That ________ come as no surprise，because they are all products of the Internet.A．should B．shall C．may D．must解析句意：——各种社交网络惊人地相似。
情态动词和虚拟语气【专题扫描】情态动词和虚拟语气要点概览如下：1.can和could的用法及区别；2.may和might的用法；3.must的用法；4.shall用于不同人称时的用法；5.should表示推测时的用法；6.will和would表示意愿、习惯和倾向性时的用法；7.“情态动词+have done”的用法；8.表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气的用法；9.一些固定句式或结构中虚拟语气的用法；10.一些隐含、混合情况的虚拟语气。
【考纲要求】对于情态动词考纲要求学生要掌握情态动词的基本用法和辨析。
最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。
情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。
对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。
对于虚拟语气考纲要求考生要掌握基本情态动词的用法、在各种句式、隐含、混合等句中的虚拟语气用法，根据考纲的要求，虚拟语气部分主要考查情态动词的选择、虚拟语气在条件句中、在名词性从句中、在简单句中或在日常交际中的使用等基本用法。
因此依据语境来判断虚拟语气的不同形式是高考试题的主要设题方法之一。
在近年的高考试题中，出现了对陈述语气与虚拟语气辨析的考查，虚拟语气在各种从句中的应用是该部分的重点掌握内容。
【教法点津】情态动词是高考的重要考点，看似简单，但用法相近、复杂，学生学起来有时区分不开。
首先教师应该让考生准确掌握每个情态动词的用法，然后对于相近意义的情态动词进行比较，尤其是表示推测的一些情态动词以及在虚拟语气中运用，让学生在辨析中学，在训练中体验、理解、掌握，要注重和语境结合和说话者的语气结合；其次再掌握情态动词的固定句式和固定用法即可；虚拟语气是高考考查的重点语法项目，虽然不是每套题都涉及，但在近几年的考题中也有不少出现。
高考英语二轮复习知识点：情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。
考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析：情态动词+have done的用法区别等。
虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。
考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。
虚拟语气考点透析考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。
例如：①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.might not解析句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。
that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。
正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。
例如：If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining解析句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。
句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。
下了一天的雨是事实，所以用陈述语气。
情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Where will you start your work after graduation?—Mum，it's not been decided yet.I ________ continue my study for a higher degree.A．need B．must C．would D．might解析句意：——毕业后你会在哪里工作？——妈妈，还没有确定下来呢。
我可能会继续学习获得更高的学位。
根据答语中的“it's not been decided yet”可知，此处暗含不太确定的语气，故选might。
答案 D2．—Guess what？I came first in that contest.—Great！You ________ a lot during the past two weeks.A．must practise B．should practiseC．should have practised D．must have practised解析在比赛中得了第一名一定是经过很多练习换来的，所以D项must have practised符合语意，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
答案 D3．—Hi，Joan.Any idea where Tom is?—He ________ on the playground.I saw him there playing football just now.A．shall be B．should have beenC．must be D．might have been解析句意：——嗨，Joan。
你知道Tom在哪里吗？——一定在操场上，我刚才看见他在操场上踢足球。
must be是对现在状态的肯定推测。
答案 C4．—The similarities between social networks are striking.—That ________ come as no surprise，because they are all products of the Internet.A．should B．shall C．may D．must解析句意：——各种社交网络惊人地相似。
——那没有什么令人吃惊的，因为这些社交网络都是互联网的产物。
should意为“应该”。
答案 A5．He ________ your car by mistake because he didn't have the keys.A．mustn't have taken B．shouldn't have takenC．couldn't have taken D．needn't have taken解析从语意“他不可能误开了你的车，因为他没有钥匙”可知，此处应选择couldn't have taken。
答案 C6．—Tom often drives carelessly.—Tell him he ________ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.A．shall B．should C．will D．must解析后一句句意：告诉他，如果他继续那样的话，他会为此受到惩罚的。
情态动词shall用于第二、第三人称时，表示允诺、警告、威胁等。
答案 A7．—A shy boy like John ________ give up a secure job and start his own business!—Yes，nobody had expected that.A．would B．should C．might D．could解析根据题意，此处表示说话人对发生的事情很吃惊，故用should“竟然”。
四个选项中只有should有此用法。
答案 B8．—Where ________ I meet you tomorrow morning?—I haven't decided the place.But I'll call you soon.A．would B．shall C．might D．can解析句意：——我明早在哪里和你见面呢？——我还没有决定，但是我很快就会打电话给你的。
shall用于笫一、第三人称疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或请求。
答案 B9．The traffic is heavy these days.I ________ arrive a bit late，so could you save me a place?A．can B．must C．need D．might解析句意：如今交通拥堵，我可能会晚到一小会儿，你能给我留个位子吗？might表示将要发生或正在发生的可能性，可能性比较小。
答案 D10．—Jim，you said you'd lend me your MP5.—I'm sorry I forgot my promise but you ________ have it next Saturday.A．must B．may C．need D．shall解析句意：——吉姆，你说过你要把MP5借给我的。
——对不起我忘记了，下周六我借给你。
shall表示许诺，符合题意。
答案 DⅡ.阅读理解ADoes Fame Drive You Crazy?Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine.They are at the center of much of the world's attention.Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready.Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to pyschologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance.Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.“Over time，”Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.In the 4th century B．C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold－out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy.Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film－stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be.Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, thereis always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it.Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.They are tired of being famous already.【语篇解读】尽管成名听起来就像梦想实现了一样，然而当今的明星面临我们难以想像的压力……11．It can be learned from the passage that stars today________.A．are often misunderstood by the publicB．can no longer have their privacy protectedC．spend too much on their public appearanceD．care little about how they have come into fame解析推理判断题。
