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新概念二：时态

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时态总结：现在进行时：1 表示正在进行的动作2 表示现阶段正在做的事3 表示将要做的事结构：主+ am/is/are + doing一般过去时：过去某一时间点进行的动作结构：主+ did一般将来时：表示对将来的打算结构：主+ will/shall + do现在完成时：表示发生在过去对现在产生影响的动作结构：主+ have/has done过去进行时：表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作结构: 主+ was/were + doing将来进行时:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作结构: 主+ will/shall + be doing过去完成时:表示动作在过去某一时间点之前已经完成（过去的过去，通常与一般过去时互为主从句）结构：主+ had done将来完成时:表示到未来某一时间将已经完成的动作结构：主+ will/shall + have done现在完成进行时: 表示动作从过去开始,持续到现在,对现在造成影响结构：主+ have/has + been doing将来完成进行时：表示状况将一直持续到说话人所提及的时间结构：主+ will have + been doing过去完成进行时：表示动作在过去更早的某一时间段内持续进行，并对过去产生影响。

结构：主+ had + been doing1.一般现在时：1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。

（1）直接加“s”，works，takes（2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”（3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”goes dresses watches brushes（刷）2．功能：（1）表现在的事实、状态或动作：eg ►. Birds fly.►. She loves music.►. Mary's parents get up very early.（2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用。

eg ►. I always take a walk after supper.►. She writes to me very often.►. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally.（3）表客观真理，格言警句或事实：eg ►. The earth moves round the sun.►. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.►. Two and two makes four.►. No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。

（4）表将来：A．在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。

（黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它！）eg ►. I'll tell her when she comes tomorrow. （主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来）►. Even if it rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.►. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed.►. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.B．按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。

eg ►. The play begins at 6:30 this evening.►. When does the plane take off?►. He leaves for that city next week.►. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning.（按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上7 点出发。

）2.一般过去时：功能：（1）表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。

►. We visited the school last spring.►. I went to school by bike when I was in middle school.►. China was founded in 1949.（2）在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中表过去即将发生的动作或情况。

►. She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day.►. They would not leave until she came back.►. My friend promised（承诺） to marry me once she made her final decision.一般过去时，现在时和过去时的几组差异：（别以为这很简单，下面的差异你不一定明白。

）►. Her brother was a chemist（化学家）.（已去世）►. Her brother is a chemist.（尚健在）►. That's all I had to say.（话已说完）►. That's all I have to say.（言之未尽）►. It was so nice to see you.（离别时用）►. It is so nice to see you.（见面时用）►. Jane did a lot of work this morning.（已是当天下午或晚上）►. Jane has done a lot of work this morning.（仍是上午）［本句现在完成时］3.一般将来时：1．构成：shall / will + 动词原形2．功能：（1）表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

►. He will graduate from the college next year.►. We shall finish our work as quickly as possible.（2）将来时的其它结构：（务必背下！）I. be going to do something. 打算做某事。

►. I'm going to buy a new coat this fall.[be going to与will的对比：下列情况须用will ]►. I'll be sixteen years old next year.►. It will be the 20th of August tomorrow.►. When he comes, I will give him your message.II. be + to do sth.表示计划安排做某事或用来征求意见。

►. We are to meet at the gate.►. Am I to take over his work?III. be about to do sth. 即将做某事。

►. The talk is about to begin.重点补充：be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事set out to do sth. 着手做某事set about doing sth. 开始做某事4.现在进行时：1．构成：is / am / are + 现在分词2．功能：（1）表示现在正在进行的动作。

►. The kettle（水壶） is boiling. Shall I make tea?►. Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight.►. The workers are building a new bridge across the river.（2）表现阶段正进行的动作。

►. He is taking physics this semester（学期）.►. We are preparing for our final examination this week.（3）go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。

（也可以理解成为表将来）►. Look! The bus is coming. 看！车来了！►. The old man is seriously（严重地） ill, and he is dying.►. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.（4）与always, forever, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感情色彩：赞赏或厌恶。

►. He is always thinking of others.（他总是想着别人。

）►. The boy is continually making noises.（这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。

）►. The teacher is constantly (always) criticizing her for being late.（老师一直在批评她迟到。

）（5）下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。

（此条戒律请背10遍！！！）believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），see（看见），hear（听见），know（知道），understand （理解），belong（属于），think（认为），consider（认为），feel（觉得），look（看起来），seem（看上去），show（显示），mind（介意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），require（要求），possess（拥有），care（关心），like（喜欢），hate（讨厌），love （喜爱），detest（憎恨），desire（意欲）【简单记忆】● 永远不要说I'm believing...或He is seeing a house. 再简单一点说，这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.● 可怕的是：我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错！● 注意：have a party / think about可以用进行时，因为这里have意为“举行”；think意为“考虑”。

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新概念英语二关键句型

新概念英语二关键句型

新概念英语二关键句型（一）一般现在时1、一般现在时表示习惯性动作, 真理, 是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。

一般现在时一般与频率副词often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等连用。

例：Do you often come here? 你常来这吗？I always go to the library on Friday. 星期五我经常去图书馆。

Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him. 海伦从来不给他兄弟托尼写信。

她有时给他打电话。

2、频率副词的位置摆放（1）频率副词往往放在句子中的实义动词前, 非实义动词后；例：I never get up early on Sundays.（2）如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词, 要放在两个之间；（3）疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。

例：Do you ever buy CDs?注：询问有关习惯的问题时可用ever.（4）在否定句中not必须放在always 之前，而且也出现在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前；not必须出现在sometimes和frequently之后。

例：He does not usually work hard.（5）表示肯定的副词可以用在句尾；在特别强调和需要对比时，frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副词可用于句首。

例：I get paid on Friday usually.3、非实义动词①系动词(be)②帮助动词构成时态的助动词(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)③情态动词(must, can, may) 除此之外都是实义动词.4、一般现在时用于表述现在的特征或状态、经常习惯性的动作或带有普遍性的情况，频度副词可有可无。

新概念第二册各单元的语法要点归纳

新概念第二册各单元的语法要点归纳

新概念第二册各单元的语法要点归纳第一单元 - 学外语的好处- 句型：It is (not) + 形容词 + (for somebody) + to do something - 示例：It is important for us to learn a foreign language.- 句型：It is said/believed/thought/reported that ...- 示例：It is reported that English is spoken all over the world.第二单元 - 生活在一个大城市- 句型：There be + 名词（单数/复数）+ (地点)- 示例：There is a park near my house.- 句型：What color/size/shape + be + 主语？- 示例：What color is your car?第三单元 - 海底勘探- 句型：现在进行时（be动词 + 动词ing）- 示例：They are looking for oil under the sea.- 句型：需要/应该/可以/能够 + 动词原型- 示例：We can use machines to explore the ocean floor.第四单元 - 名人的生活- 句型：情态动词 + 动词原型- 示例：She can sing very well.- 句型：主语 + be + 形容词 + to do something- 示例：Be patient to wait for your turn.第五单元 - 健康与健身- 句型：情态动词 + 动词原型- 示例：You should exercise regularly.- 句型：主语 + need(s) + to do something- 示例：We need to eat a balanced diet.第六单元 - 书信写作- 句型：谓语动词 + 宾语 + 动词-ing- 示例：I enjoy reading books.- 句型：It is + adj. + of + somebody + to do something - 示例：It is kind of you to help me.第七单元 - 未来生活- 句型：将来时态（will/shall + 动词原型）- 示例：We will have robots to do household chores.- 句型：It is + adj. + that + 从句- 示例：It is certain that technology will change our lives.第八单元 - 代购- 句型：情态动词 + be + adj. + to do something- 示例：I must be careful not to buy counterfeit products. - 句型：主语 + be + 形容词 + of + 宾语- 示例：The article is full of useful information.第九单元 - 旅游- 句型：现在完成时态（have/has + 过去分词）- 示例：I have visited many cities in Europe.- 句型：It is + adj./adv. + that + 从句- 示例：It is true that travel broadens the mind.。

新概念二Lesson 12 Goodbye and Good Luck最全知识点总结

新概念二Lesson 12 Goodbye and Good Luck最全知识点总结

Lesson 12 Goodbye and Good Luck★ Warm up1、一般将来时态2、同位语★ Listening1. Where is Captain Alison going and how?2. Where will he sail from?3. When will we meet him at the harbor?4. What’s the name of his small boat?★ Vocabulary● luck [lʌk] n. (不可数) 运气、幸运【记忆】luck = lu (路) + ck (乘客) →路上乘客为没塞车而感到幸运【拓展】lucky adj. 幸运的luckily adv. 幸运地unlucky = luckless adj. 不幸的【搭配】good luck = break your leg 祝你好运lucky dog 幸运儿lucky day 幸运日bad luck 坏运气try one’s luck 碰运气out of luck 运气不好ride one’s luck 放弃好机会be in luck 运气好good luck + with sth 祝...顺利/好运【例句】We had a bit of hard luck this season. 我们本季运气不太好。

● captain [ˈkæptɪn] n. (可数) 船长【记忆】captain = capt (帽子) + tain (听)→谁戴帽子就听谁的→谁就是船长【拓展】captaincy n. 舰长地位、队长地位【用法】captain + 人名，表示“某船长/队长/舰长”【例句】Our captain gave us a stern lecture on safety. 船长就安全问题严厉地训斥了我们一顿。

● sail [seɪl] v. 航行; 帆、篷【记忆】sail = sai (赛) + l (了) →选手们参加航行比赛了。

新概念第二册语法知识点汇总

新概念第二册语法知识点汇总

新概念第二册语法知识点汇总一、时态。

1. 一般现在时。

- 用法：- 表示经常的或习惯性的动作。

例如：He often gets up at six o'clock.（他经常六点钟起床。

）- 表示客观事实或普遍真理。

The earth moves around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。

）- 结构：- 主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it等）时，动词要加 -s或 -es。

如：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读。

）- 主语为其他人称时，动词用原形。

I play football every weekend.（我每个周末踢足球。

）2. 一般过去时。

- 用法：- 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

I saw him yesterday.（我昨天见到他了。

）- 结构：- 动词一般用过去式，规则动词的过去式一般在词尾加 -ed，如：work - worked。

不规则动词有特殊的过去式形式，如：go - went，see - saw。

3. 现在进行时。

- 表示现在正在进行的动作。

Look! She is dancing.（看！她正在跳舞。

）- 结构：- be动词（am/is/are）+动词的 -ing形式。

He is reading a book.（他正在读一本书。

）4. 过去进行时。

- 用法：- 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。

At that time yesterday, I was doing my homework.（昨天那个时候，我正在做家庭作业。

）- 结构：- was/were+动词的 -ing形式。

They were playing football at threeo'clock yesterday afternoon.（他们昨天下午三点正在踢足球。

）5. 现在完成时。

- 用法：- 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

I have lost my key.（我把钥匙丢了。