湖南省长沙市长郡中学2018届高三第一次暑假作业检测 英语

湖南省长郡中学2018届高三年级分班考试英语试题湖南省长郡中学talk Listen carefully and them fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve got Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS You will hear the mini-talk TWICE An AccidentNumber informationFacts16 morningA tour bus slid off a highway exit4 children17More than 30 peopleInjured5 teachers and 18 On the overnight trip to 1936 peopleTreated in carbon life, we’ll suffer a lot in the futureA．When possibleB．If anyC．If notD．Where necessary34． hoto solve the problem, the little boy turned to his father for helpA．Not knowingB．Having not knownC．Not having been knownD．Not known35．Don’t put too much pressure on yourself you keep trying, you will achieve your goals in the futureA．In caseB．Even thoughC．As long asD．As soon asDECTION B (12 marks)Directions For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C, and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context When I was little, my family used to move frequently Before I could even get acquainted with my schoolmates, my family was on the move again I became very 36 because of this But a girl with dark skin and ling shiny hair changed me。

2018年湖南长沙高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）1、【来源】 2018年湖南长沙高三一模第21~23题6分November isn't the only time when people come together to raise money for good causes. Here are three other major charity events from around the world.Race for Life, UKWhat started off as a race of 680 women in a London park in l994 to raise money for a cancer charity has now turned into a massive nationwide event, with thousands of women up and down the UK taking part every year.Known for dressing head to toe in pink, participants raise money for breast cancer research by being sponsored to take part in marathons, which are organized all year round. Since it began, more than8million women have taken part, raising over £547 million for Cancer Research UK.40-HourFamine （饥饿） , AustraliaNormally taking place in mid-August, this program encourages young Australians to give something up for 40 hours in order to raise awareness of less fortunate youths around the world.Participants raise money which is donated to good causes worldwide, by giving something up for the weekend, including the use of technology （TVs, computers, smartphones and so on）, or even food. Since it began in 1975, World Vision Australia, the event's organizer, has raised over A＄ 200 million. AIDS /LifeCycle, USEach year, thousands of people ride the 545-mile route from San Francisco to Los Angeles in order to raise money and awareness for HIV （AIDS-related causes） . Cyclists make the trip over seven days, stopping each night at designated camps to shower, eat and relax. The mainly male riders are known for their colorful riding sportswear, with some dressing as nuns （修女）, cowboys or even in bikinis. The event has raised around $ l00 million since it began in 2001.(1) In what way is "Race for life" specialA. The participants are all women.B. It's a yearly marathon held in London.C. All the athletes are cancer patients.D. It attracts about 8 million people every year.(2) What do the cyclists mainly do in the AIDS /LifeCycle tripA. Advertise for a brand sports suit.B. Research into the causes of AI.C. Talk with local cowboys in camps.D. Cycle in the daytime and rest at night.(3) What do the three events have in commonA. All the participants give something away to the poor.B. They are all held to raise money for people in need.C. All the participants donate what they have to charity.D. They have all drawn people's attention to cancer and AIDS.2、【来源】 2018年湖南长沙高三一模第24~27题8分Isn't it amazing that one person can change your life by sharing one idea at the right time and place? This is certainly what happened in my life.When I was 18, I left home for El Paso. Upon reaching downtown El Paso, I met a homeless man on the street corner. He stopped me and questioned me as I passed by. He asked me if I was running away from home. I told him, "Not exactly, sir, since my father had given me a ride to the freeway in Houston and given me his blessings while saying. 'It is important to follow your dream and what is in your heart, Son. ' "After a simple conversation, the bum （流浪汉） told me to follow him. He told me that he had something grand to show me and share with me. We walked a couple of blocks until we came upon the downtown El Paso Public Library. The bum first led me to a table and asked me to sit down and wait for a moment while he looked for something special among the shelves. A few moments later, he returned with a couple of old books under his arms and put them on the table.He then sat down beside me and said, "There are two things that I want to teach you, young man. Number one is to never judge a book by its cover.”He followed with, "I'll bet you think I'm a bum, don't you, young man? "I said, "Well, uh, yes, I guess so, sir. ""Well, young man, I've got a little surprise for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. I originally come from the Northeast and have all the things that money can buy. But a year ago, my wife passed away, and since then I have been deeply reflecting upon life. I realized there were certain things I had not yet experienced in life, one of which was what it would be like to live like a beggar on the streets.For the past year I have been going from city to city doing just that. So, you see, don't ever judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you. ""Number two is to learn to read, my boy, for there is only one thing that people can't take away from you and that is your wisdom. "At that moment, he reached forward grabbed my right hand in his and put them upon the books he'd pulled from the shelves. They were the writings of Plato and Aristotle-immortal（不朽的）classics from ancient times.(1) Why did the bum stop the author on the streetA. He wanted to know how he arrived there.B. He wanted to question him about his family.C. He doubted whether he ran away from home.D. He wondered if he could go to the library with him.(2) What can we know about the author's fatherA. He completely supported him.B. He was confused at his behavior.C. He wondered what was in his mind.D. He was a little anxious about him.(3) Why did the old man become a bum？A. He was deeply sad at his wife's death.B. He just wanted to try a new way of life.C. He pretended to be poor to travel alone.D. He hoped to express his attitude towards money.(4) How would the author probably feel about this experience？A. It was meaningless.B. It was ridiculous.C. It was amusing.D. It was inspiring.3、【来源】 2018年湖南长沙高三一模第28~31题8分It is back-to-school time in the United States, which for many is bittersweet. The bitter part is saying goodbye to carefree, unscheduled summer days. The sweet part is saying hello to a new school year and school friends.However, going back to school can also be a stressful time for children and families. Every kid must make the change from easy summer life to routines, schedules and homework. Parents might also stress about spending extra money for a new school year. They often need to pay school fees or to buy new school clothes, sports equipment, musical instruments and school supplies.Back-to-school stress is different for different ages. Younger children may feel scared to leave their families. Making new friends and dealing with bullying（欺霸行为）can also cause stress for students. Older students may stress about their appearance, grades and getting into college.A 2013 survey by the American Psychological Association found that teens in the U. S. are now as stressed as adults. A high percentage of the teens surveyed say they are stressed about getting into a good college（83%）or deciding what to do after high school（69%）and financial concerns for their family （65%）.However, parents, teachers and children can all help to make the transition（过渡） back to school easier.Mary Anne Aidala began teaching in the New York school system in 1962. She retired 39 years later, in 2001. She is an award-winning teacher. She advises parents to focus on the basics—get enough sleep, eat healthy foods, and turn off electronics before bedtime."Well, the first thing they (parents) have to do is to get them (children) on a schedule of sleep habits. And they should also make sure they have a good breakfast to keep their brains alert（机敏的）. And maybe before they go to sleep every night they should start to read them a story or do something educational;so, they can start to reactivate their brains into using them. "(1) How do most kids generally feel when their summer holiday is overA. Easy and energetic.B. Excited and nervous.C. Fully occupied and tired.D. Scared and stressed.(2) Why are some parents stressed out at the beginning of a new school year？A. They are anxious about school violence.B. They need to buy more clothes for children.C. They have an extra expense besides school fees.D. They are confused at the demand of musical instruments.(3) What can we learn from what Mary Anne Aidala saysA. Children should form a good habit of going to bed early.B. Nutrition must be put in the first place in children's diet.C. Bedtime stories are helpful in developing children's good qualities.D. Parents can do some simple things to help relieve children's stress.(4) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？A. Lessening school burden on children.B. Living a happy and healthy school life.C. Dealing with back-to-school stress.D. Getting school life back to normal.4、【来源】 2018年湖南长沙高三一模第32~35题8分When we do the same movements with our bodies over and over again, we overuse some muscles. And that overuse can lead to strain（紧张）and injury. Sometimes those problems can come from doing sports. But exercise professionals say they are now seeing another cause for muscle problems: hand-held technology devices（设备）.Staring down at your phone or tablet for long periods of time puts great tension on your neck and spine（脊椎）. Many people who use tech devices also bend their shoulders forward. Experts say this posture （姿势） puts strain on the entire upper body. Muscle strain linked to hand-held technology has become such a common condition that it now has a name: tech-neck.Kimberly Fielding, an exercise teacher in New York City explains that constantly looking down at our devices creates an unnatural bend in our spine. This can cause nerve pain and other problems. "A lot of the curves of the neck can change, so instead of the neck spine going inward, the curve can be a little bit different and it causes nerve pain and disc herniation（椎间盘突出）and different muscle tension headaches-different things that really can reduce quality of life. "Fielding created a class to directly address the problem of tech neck. The class uses different exercises to release tension in the upper body and strengthen back and neck muscles. Fielding says these exercises may feel uncomfortable in the beginning because the neck muscles may have become weak.However, you don't need to take a class like Fielding's. You can take simple steps to improve tech neck. For a quick fix, hold your phone at eye level. At the same time, take breaks from using your technology by standing up and stretching your legs often. Also, give your eyes a break by closing them throughout the day.(1) What does the underlined phrase "tech-neck" in Paragraph 2 refer to？A. The painful neck caused by electronic devices.B. The strong neck after technical physical exercises.C. The decoration on the neck with hand-held devices.D. The cell phone or iPad frequently hung on the neck.(2) What can we learn from Kimberly Fielding's findings？A. Muscle tension can lead to spine curving and headaches.B. Nerve pain and other problems are caused by disc herniation.C. Staring down at your smartphone does great harm to your neck spine.D. Quality of life depends in a large part on the condition of neck spine.(3) Why did Kimberly Fielding start the classA. To help those suffering from tech neck.B. To introduce her newly-invented devices.C. To further study the causes of tech neck.D. To stress the danger of hand-held devices.(4) What is the purpose of the last paragraphA. To invite people to attend Fielding's class.B. To urge people to keep away from e-products.C. To advise those addicts to exercise their necks.D. To give some practical tips to prevent neck pain.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）5、【来源】 2018年湖南长沙高三一模第36~40题10分2017~2018学年广东广州天河区高三下学期周测华附（一）第36~40题10分根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15B. £ 9.18C. £ 9.15答案是C。

1. Where will the woman go first?A. To a bookstore.B. To the library.C. To the school.2. When is the game due to finish?A. At 3:20.B. At 3:40.C. At 4:00.3. What will the boy do next weekend?A. Visit his grandma.B. Slay at home with his friend.C. Have dinner with hi s aunt’s family.4. Why hasn’t the man got the le tter?A. He forgot about it.B. He has been too busy.C. H e couldn’t find the post office.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A desk.B. A colleague.C. Piles of paper. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对活或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2018届湖南省长郡中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On a bus.B. On the subway.C. In a taxi.2. What are the two speakers talking about?A. A dinner party.B. A beach sport.C. A weekend plan.3. How much more does Nancy need for the computer?A. $ 100.B. $ 550.C. $ 650.4. What is the woman planning to do on the weekend?A. Hold a dance party.B. Visit Bill with the man.C. Help the man with a party.5. How does the woman feel about the final exam?A. Worried.B. Confident.C. Disappointed.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

湖南省长沙县实验中学2018届高三下学期第一次模拟英语试题时量：120分钟满分：150分Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22. 5 marks)Directions In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter(A,B or C) on the question booklet. You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11. Where are the speakers?A. On a train.B. In a taxi.C. On a plane.2. What’s the man’s problem?A. He is very tired.B. There isn’t enough room.C. He doesn’t like the woman.Conversation 23. Why didn’t the man call?A. He got into an accident.B. He lost his cell phone.C. He thought he didn’t need to.4. Where does the man live?A. Next doorB. On the next street.C. In the nextcity.Conversation 35.What can the girl do when she reaches the destination?A. Swim in the ocean.B. Feed the chickens.C. Visit big shopping malls.6. Where does the grandma probably live?A. In the country.B. In the city.C. In a town. Conversation 47. Whose toilet needs to be fixed?A. Mark’sB. Mark’s friend’sC. Mindy’s8. Where did the woman go?A. To the mechanic’s.B. To the grocery store.C. To the hardware store.9. What does the man say about the job?A. It’s actually very easy.B. It’s difficult for woman.C. He has never done it before.Conversation 510.Where might the speakers be?A. In a boat.B. In an airplane.C. On an amusementpark ride.11. What does the man tell the woman to do?A. Close her eyes.B. Stop crying.C. Drink some water12. What will the speakers do next?A. Go home.B. Go on a train ride.C. Go to the doctor’s.Conversation 613.How does the man drink his coffee?A. With milk and sugar.B. Without sugar.C. With sugaronly.14. Where does the man often get his coffee now?A. At a coffee shop.B. At home.C. At the woman’s15. What does the woman want to learn?A. How to choose coffee beans.B. How to stop burning the milk.C. A new way to make coffee.Section B (7. 5 marks)Directions In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.How to 16.__________ a FireA.For most firesUse 17.__________B.For oil firesPut the lid on the pan, or 18.__________on the fire.C. For both 19.__________ and oil firesUse a 20.__________ chemical.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15marks)Directions For each of the following unfinished sentences, there are four choices marked A B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence21. The new policy allows a couple to have a second birth _____ eitheris an only child.A. althoughB. whetherC. unlessD. if22. Health experts believe that even a little exercise is far better than _____ at all.A. littleB. noneC. everythingD. anything23. To find more about university courses, my boy, _____ to this address.A. to writeB. writingC. writtenD. write24. Ending his gap year, Mike returned home, _____.A. safe and soundB. safe but soundC. safely and soundlyD. safely but soundly25. The Lakers were ahead during the first half of the match, butthey _____ in the last five minutes.A. beatB. were beatingC. were beatenD. are beaten26. _____ everyone wants to be friends with her reflects her popularity among people.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhereD. Whether27. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _____to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.A. being givenB. is givenC. givenD. was given28. Mr. Brown, the students working on the project have finished theirreport. _____ they bring it to you today or tomorrow?A. NeedB. ShallC. WillD. Must29. —May I speak to your manager at 400 this afternoon?—Sorry, Sir. He _____ to a meeting soon.A. is goingB. has goneC. will have goneD. would go30. —How nice to have a walk around the lake.—Indeed. I like _____ when the weather is like this, sunny andwarm.A. thisB. thatC. itD. one31. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars till I _____ next month.A. get paidB. got paidC. have paidD. will pay32. —Isn’t it a surprise that I happened to meet Francis Mathewsat the Christmas party last week?—If my memory serves me correctly, you _____ each other for exactly two years.A. hadn’t seenB. haven’t seenC. didn’t seeD. don’t see33. The picture of the park _____ memories of our class’s trip lastyear, when Mr. Smith began to take charge of our class.A. called upB. remindedC. turned upD. came up34. The young manager is well known for his problem-solving skills,_____ is important for a successful leader.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which35. People just wonder ________ that makes the housing price so high.A. what it isB. what is itC. why it doesD. Why does itSection B (18 marks)Directions For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was in high school, I didn’t know anything about engineering. At that time, when the car I drove needed repairing, I was afraid to take it to the _36 . Because honestly, the mechanic could have _37__ me an electric can opener and said, “This is part of your car and it’s _38 -----pay me to fix it.” Then I wouldn’t have known any better.At the end of my junior year of high school, I heard about a summer program __39_ to interest girls in engineering. The six-week program was free, and students were _40_ college credits and a dorm room at the University of Maryland. I applied to the program, not because I wanted to be an engineer, but because I was looking forward to __41 and wanted to stay away from my parents for six weeks.I was accepted to the program and I earned six engineering credits. The next year I entered the university as an engineering student. Five years later I had a degree and three good job offers.I can’t help shaking _42__ I hear about studies that show women are __43_ when it comes to math. They imply that I am a little stupid. I’m not, but I _44__ know that if I hadn’t met with that summer program, I wouldn’t be an engineer.When I was growing up, I was told, as many students were, to dowhat I was best at. But I didn’t know what that was. Most people think that when you are _45__ something, it comes easily to you. But this is what I discovered just because a subject is _46__ to learn, it does not mean you are not good at it. You just have to grit your teeth and work hard to get good at it. Once you do, there’s good __47_ that you will enjoy it more than anything else.36. A. engineer B. salesman C. factory D. mechanic37. A. shown B. given C. brought D. taken38. A. old B. broken C. fixed D. dirtied39. A. designed B. performed C. controlled D. described40. A. sent B. afforded C. offered D. awarded41. A. independence B. success C. happiness D. beauty42. A. until B. when C. since D. before43. A. at a disadvantage B. at a loss C. in a trap D. in a shock44. A. never B. do C. hardly D. nearly45. A. good at B. bad at C. interested in D. devoted to46. A. easy B. funny C. difficult D. interesting47. A. will B. feeling C. desire D. chanceSection C (12 marks)Directions Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average people. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poor health compared to the job-holders. A research shows that _48_ the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate may increase by 2%. All this comes to one point work is helpful to health. Why is work good for health？It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness and anxieties. _49__ research shows that people feel unhappy, worried, and lonely when they have nothing to do. _50_, the happiest are those who are busy. Work serves _51_ a bridge between man and reality. By work, people come into contact with each other. By cooperation, they find friendship and warmth, _52__ are all helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. 53_ affects people spiritually and makes them liable to diseases. Besides, work makes one feel one’s value and status in society. When a doctor successfully operateson a patient _54_ a teacher sees his students make progress in their studies, he is happy beyond words.From the above, we can come to the conclusion that the _55_ work you do, the happier and healthier you will be.Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions Read the following three passages., Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.A"Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me."You probably heard those lines in grammar school, but do you really agree that harsh (严厉的) or negative words do not harm us? Words have power. Surely we all have had our feelings hurt by something someone said.We may not say words to hurt others, but the way we interpret (解释) them and how we say them may cause great harm. Here’s an exampleAn ancient king dreamed all his teeth had fallen out. He sent for a wise man to explain his dream to him the dream means that all your relatives will die and you will be left alone!The king was very angry and threw the interpreter into prison. He then sent for another interpreter who said, "Congratulations! King! You will live many more years. In fact, you will survive all your relatives. Long Live the King!"Both interpreters gave the same interpretation, but there was a huge difference in the way they said it.Our speech must be understood by those who hear our words, but the way we say things and the intention behind them have as muchpower as the words themselves. Words can cause anger or appreciation. Which would you rather receive?People who say harsh and negative things may not mean to harm, but have you ever known anyone who is a naysayer? They often look at the dark sides of things. They always see the glass as half empty rather than half full. How do you feel when you are around this type of person? Remember words have power. Use them wisely.56. The author mentions the story of the ancient king to show that _____.A. one dream sometimes has different explanationsB. good words can bring good luck to peopleC. people should be careful when talking to a kingD. different ways of saying things have different effects57. The underlined word "naysayer" in the last paragraph refers toa person who always _____.A. has a negative attitudeB. likes to be praisedC. talks bigD. likes to repeat what others say58. According to the text, how can people understand each other better?A. By sharing different life experiences.B. By accepting different habits.C. By properly using words.D. By recognizing different values.59. The author wrote the last paragraph to ______.A. show how the dark sides of things affect peopleB. advise people to see and say things positivelyC. show how harsh and negative words hurt peopleD. advise people to stay away from negative people60. The passage mainly talks about ______.A. the power of wordsB. the cruelty of the kingC. how to understand othersD. how to build good relationshipsBIt must be something that many American companies hold a baby contest. Of course, babies are wonderful, and many parents would be the first to agree. Companies really bring in much money.Walgreens Baby contestIf you play the new Baby Milestones Challenge Contest by BabyCenter & Walgreens, you could win $1,000 in Walgreens & Gift Cards and Certificates. You can play the instant winner if you get a $ 25 Walgreen’s gift card, but you also have to write down your email address and receive all their sales and other information for the contest.Kids and BabiesKids and Babies are accepting entries for May 2018 Free Photo Contest. Baby Photo Galley with theme albums and age group albums is moved to the new website Cute Baby Gallery. Check for their Baby Photo Contest blog’s latest update. The Grand prize is $ 25,000. The catch Winners are decided by the visitors coming to the site and voting for their favorite babies, so you have to advertise their site for them. has a website only for their members, but if you are into baby photos, it is well worth surfing. You could receive offerson free samples, money-saving coupons (优惠券), and chances to win the latest contests.AvonAvon is another company that has a baby photo contest this spring. Avon is advertising their newest collection. It is Avon’s only collection for the photos of babies. Babies’ age newborn to 2 years. Just go to and upload your recent baby’s photos. The first place baby will be featured in a Tiny Tillia Storybooks and win a $ 5,000 U.S. Savings Bond. Ten beautiful girls will win $ 300 worth of Tiny Tillia products.The tip is to run a search engine for all the latest contests going on and start entering them today. You could be lucky and win enough to put your baby through college! Have fun!61. In the author's opinion, companies’ action of holding a baby contest .A. is not reasonable at allB. is funny and interestingC. attracts parents' attentionD. can cost a company much money62. What is the basic condition for you to play the instant winnerin Walgreens & ?A. Getting a gift cardB. Getting a certificateC. Winning 1,000 dollarsD. Receiving information for the contest63. If you want your baby to win the 2018 Free Photo Contest, you will _______.A. have to spend $ 25,000B. take your baby to the gallery in MayC. upload more photos of your babyD. have to help to advertise their site64. What can we learn from this passage?A. Free Photo Contest will be held in March,B. Avon is a website that will hold a baby photo contest．C. Parents. com accepts the photos of all kinds of people' babies．D. Parents can upload their one-year-old baby’s photos to TinyTillia. com．65. In the last paragraph, the author advises parents to _________ .A. try their best to take good care of their babyB. enter the contests as soon as possibleC. encourage their kids to go to college when they grow upD. find more tips for winning the contestsCIn a recent study, researchers have estimated the energy required to produce bottled water, including the energy required to manufacture plastic, make the plastic into bottles, process the water, fill and seal the bottles, transport the bottles, and chill the bottles for use. Combining all the energy input totals for treatment and distribution, researchers found that producing bottled water requires between 5.6 and 10.2 million joules(焦耳) of energy per liter, depending on transportation factors. That's up to 2, 000 times the energy required to produce tap water.To break down the energy requirements, researchers found that producing the plastic bottles and transporting the bottles greatly dominated(控制) the energy input. Although some companies are experimenting with producing lightweight bottles or using recycled materials, the researchers calculated that the manufacturing cost is about 4 million joules of energy per plastic bottle weighing 38 grams, and the cap weighing 2 grams.“Our previous work had suggested that bottled water production was an energy­ intensive process, but we were surprised to see the results,” the researchers said.Transportation costs vary depending on the distance and mode of transport, and both factors depend on the type of bottled water. There are two main kinds of bottled water in the US. “spring water”, which comes from an underground spring, and “purified water”, which is city tap water that has received further treatment. For purified water distributed locally by truck within Los Angels, the total transportation energy is about 1.4 million joules per liter. In the second situation, spring water shipped from Fiji (such as Fiji Spring Water) across the Pacific to Los Angels, and then delivered locally by truck, requires about 4 million joules per liter for transportation. For the spring water, the transportation energy equaled (in the case of Fiji) the energy required to produce the bottle.With this data, the researchers hope that future studies will have the ability to make specific estimates for different situations, and possibly find ways to cut energy costs.66. From the first paragraph we can know that the energy required to ______.A. produce bottled water includes the energy required to drink itB. distribute bottled water includes the energy for producing the bottlesC. distribute bottled water is much smaller than the energy for treating itD. produce bottled water is much smaller than the energy for producing tap water67. To reduce the energy required to produce bottled water, some companies are trying ______.A. to fill tap water into the plastic bottles directlyB. to replace the plastic bottles with metal containersC. to produce lightweight bottles with recycled materialsD. to use bicycles to transport and deliver bottled water locally68. What's Paragraph 4 mainly talking about?A. Treatment of bottled water needs no energy input at all.B. Bottled water production is an energy­ intensive process.C. Transportation of bottled water takes up the most energy input.D. Production of the plastic bottles greatly dominated the energy input.69. We can infer from the passage that ______.A. there are two main kinds of bottled water in the USB. world consumption of bottled water has been increasingC. transportation costs have something to do with the mode of transportD. bottled water produced in Spring is more expensive than purified water70. What's the main purpose of the passage?A. To help consumers themselves make more environmentally sustainable choices.B. To advise the government to take severe measures to stopproducing bottled water.C. To urge the consumers to drink tap water instead of bottled waterfor the sake of the earth.D. To try the best to find ways to produce bottled water cheaplyand quickly for the companies.Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Would you work for nothing? Non-paid internships(实习生) have been common in the US for some time now. But these days, they are becoming more and more popular in other countries, too. Is this a good thing?For young people, there are clear benefits to doing an internship. Firstly, interns get a valuable insight into an industry they might be interested in working for. Also, having done an internship looks good on your CV, which is very important in today’s competitive job market. A lucky few may be hired at the end of the internship, so it’s a good way of getting a foot in the door. For other interns, there is even extra welfare deals on clothes if they’re working in the fashion in industry, free trips if they’re working for a travel agency…and so on.There are obvious benefits to companies, too. They can helpselect employees who are better. “If you put two young people to work as interns for twelve weeks, you’ll soon see who is good.”said one manager. Besides, they can save money. “If I use interns, I don’t have to pay another salary, or worry about paying pensions or giving people overtime pay.” said another.So, what do interns do? Most tasks are fairly routine. These may include photocopying, filing documents, or writing up notes from meetings. At times, interns may be given jobs with more responsibility, such as making sales calls, writing newsletters or updating websites.However, for some interns the experience can become unpleasant. “I worked for a theatre company for six weeks and spent the whole time photocopying scripts and making the tea and coffee. It is dull.”said one intern. On the other hand, non-paid internships violate the labor law in some countries, where workers must be paid the minimum wage and paid for overtime.Internship can provide benefits to both sides, but these unpaid workers are also easy to take advantage of!Title 71.____________I. Facts▲72. __________ in the US.▲More and more popular in other countries.II. 73.___________▲For young people●Getting a valuable insight into 74.___________.●Looking good on their CV.● 75.__________ after the internship.▲For others●Extra welfare such as deals on clothes and 76.__________.▲ 77.__________.●Helping select 78.__________.●Saving money.III .Duties▲79.___________ tasks.▲ More responsible jobs.IV. Problems▲Doing 80.__________.▲Violating the labor law in some countries.Section B (10 marks)Directions Read the following passage, Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.In Britain and other countries, young people usually take a “gap year”, a year off between high school and college. This idea never gained a big following in the United States. Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing, though there are no official numbers.Charles Deacon, the dean of admissions estimates that in the current first-year class of one thousand six hundred students, onlytwenty-five percent decided to take a year off. He says this number has not changed much over the years. He says the most common reasonsto have a chance to travel, but international students may take a gap year to meet requirements at home for military duty.Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education. But it can also give students a chance to explore their interest.Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy. The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its Website called “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”. It praises the idea of taking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experience outside the pressure of studies. Of course, a gap year is not for everyone. Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college. And parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money. A year off, away from home, can be costly.Holly Bull is the president of the Center for Interim Programs. Her company specializes in helping students plan their gap year. She notes that several books have been written about this subject. And she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college.81. How do many colleges and universities support gap-year projects? (No more than 8 words)82. According to Charles Deacon, how many students in the currentfirst-year class of his school decided to take a gap year? (No more than 8 words)83. What is the purpose of some high school students taking a gap year?( No more than 6 words)84. Why do parents worry about children’s gap year? (No more than 15 words)Section C (25 marks)Directions Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.在我们身边，经常可以看到一些人，无论是乘车、走路，还是吃饭都在低头摆弄手机。

长郡中学2015级高三暑假作业检测（一）理综试卷——生物部分本试卷共10页，共35道小题，考试时量150分钟，总分300分。

第I卷(共126分)一、选择题（本大题共13小题，每小题共对分—在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.下列有关细胞的结构和功能的说法正确的是A.与硝化细菌相比，利用绿藻更容易分离获得较纯净的细胞膜B.细胞核和拟核除了是否有核膜之外，其他结构均相同C.各种细胞的分泌蛋内都是在附着于内质网的核糖体上合成的D.线粒体和叶绿休都可以产生[H]，但[H]参与不同物质的还原2.真核细胞内有一种小型的双链RNA分子，该物质能引起特定的mRNA降解，从而对基地因的表达进行调节，这种现象称为RNA干扰，下列相关说法不合理的是A. RNA干扰是在转录水平上对基因表达的调控B.参与RNA干扰的RNA分子中含有氢键C.参与RNA干扰的RNA分子是转录的产物D.通过RNA干扰有望达到治疗癌症的目的3.下列有关神经调节的叙述正确的是A.某人跌倒后迅速伸出双手支撑属于条件反射B.反射弧中与感受器相连的是神经细胞的树突C.浸泡在匍萄糖溶液中的神经纤锥受刺激后可产生兴奋D.突触前膜释放的祌经递质都是有机物4.下判关于“探究酵母谪细胞呼吸方式”的实验，说法错误的是A.影响酵母菌呼吸方式的主要因素是氧气浓度B.用质量分数为5%的葡萄糖溶液作为酵母菌培养液C.溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液变蓝色的时间长短可反应CO2的产生情况D.该实验树属对比实验，无专门的对照组5.纤维囊泡症是一种单基因遗传病，患者因胰酶缺乏，导致肺、胰腺和肠都覆盖着厚厚的黏液，患者在十几岁时都因为肺部疾病死亡。

某对夫妻生育的3个孩子中，2个女孩正常，1个男孩患该病。

以下相关分析合理的是A.子代中患病男孩的出现是由于基因的自由组合B.该病具有隔代遗传、女性患者多于男性的特点C.该夫妻生育的女儿是携带者的概率为2/3D.通过羊水检测可以对该病进行产前诊断6.下列与种群和现代生物进化理论有关的说法，错误的是A.性别比例通过影响种群的出生率来影响种群的数量变化B.呈“s” 型曲线增长的种群起初种群数量增长缓慢C.生物的表现型和基因型可能会随着个体的死亡而消失D.若某种群下—年种群数量总为上一年的2倍，则该种群呈“J”型增长29.(10分）油菜耐寒性强，是我国重要的油料作物。

2018届湖南省长郡中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On a bus.B. On the subway.C. In a taxi.2. What are the two speakers talking about?A. A dinner party.B. A beach sport.C. A weekend plan.3. How much more does Nancy need for the computer?A. $ 100.B. $ 550.C. $ 650.4. What is the woman planning to do on the weekend?A. Hold a dance party.B. Visit Bill with the man.C. Help the man with a party.5. How does the woman feel about the final exam?A. Worried.B. Confident.C. Disappointed.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2018届高三第一次联考·英语试卷考生注意：1．本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共150分。

考试时问120分钟。

2．答题前，考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

3．请将第I卷答案填在第Ⅱ卷前的答题卡上，第Ⅱ卷用蓝黑钢笔或圆珠笔按要求写在试卷上。

．4．本试卷根据2018年高考英语考试大纲确定的考查内容命制。

第I卷(三部分，共11 5分)第一部分：听力(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅渎下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Whose birthday is it today?A．Mary’s. B．Lisa’s．C．Jack’s．2．What is the woman doing?A Buying some furniture．B．Booking a table．C．Repairing the window．3．What are the two speakers talking about?A．A yellow light．B．A road accident．C．A TV program．4．What will the speakers probably do?A．Leave immediately．B．Start to play．C．Eat a sandwich．5．What’s the woman’s job?A．A shop assistant．B．A clerk．C．A waitress．第二节(共12小题；每小题1.5分，满分18分)听下面4段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题．每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2018-2019学年本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

时量120分钟。

满分150分。

第I卷最新试卷十年寒窗苦，踏上高考路，心态放平和，信心要十足，面对考试卷，下笔如有神，短信送祝福，愿你能高中，马到功自成，金榜定题名。

最新试卷多少汗水曾洒下，多少期待曾播种，终是在高考交卷的一刹尘埃落地，多少记忆梦中惦记，多少青春付与流水，人生，总有一次这样的成败，才算长大。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the man buy for the woman?A. NotebooksB. PaperC. Pencils2. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a bookstoreB. In a libraryC. In the woman’s office3. Why will Mr. Rogers be out of the office next week?A. To take a holidayB. To attend a weddingC. To travel on business4. What does the man mean?A. The woman can’t leave earlyB. He’ll pick up the woman’s parentsC. Mr. Black won’t come at 4 o’clock5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A lift workerB. The man’s sisterC. A lift accident第二节（共15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。