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黄浦区2014年高考模拟考英语试卷2014年4月10日下午考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2. 本试卷设试卷和答题卷两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷。
所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题卷上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题卷纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. August 6. B. August 7. C. August 13. D. August 19.2. A. A coat store. B. A chemist’s. C. A dry cleaner. D. A watch shop.3. A. Policeman and driver. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and clerk.D. Doctor and nurse.4. A. A brand of jeans. B. A new hair style. C. Popular stars. D.School uniforms.5. A. The man enjoys dramas very much.B. Soap operas aren’t the woman’s favorite.C. The woman has watched a lot of soap operas.D. The man doesn’t want to watch a drama with the woman.6. A. Anxious. B. Casual. C. Supportive. D. Unbelieving.7. A. The style of the watch. B. Her boy friend’s figure.C. The price of the watch.D. Her boy friend’s preference.8. A. The damage to the environment. B. The location of the hotel.C. The demand of the job market.D. The solution to the issue.9. A. Sh e can’t afford that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. Sh e doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.10. A. Skipping the meal to lose weight. B. Having the pizza with the woman.C. Ordering food to be eaten at home.D. Dining out instead of eating at home.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken onlyonce. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Engine trouble. B. Poor weather. C. Tall waterfalls. D. Tight budget.12. A. Amazing as well as tough. B. Funny while incredible.C. Disappointing but rewarding.D. Fascinating and well-paid.13. A. A mechanic. B. A photographer. C. A travel writer. D. A weather man.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because it is totally beyond most students’ ability.B. Because it doesn’t help people today learn from history.C. Because students should be taught from the past forward.D. Because this kind of teaching approach is out-of-fashion.15. A. By studying with the traditional approach.B. By keeping names, places and dates in mind.C. By putting forward questions about the near future.D. By looking into the past for answers to present problems.16. A. To explain the history of education.B. To state the purpose of learning history.C. To criticize students’ habits of history study.D. To present a new method of history education.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each blank.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each blank.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years.For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to do. As Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improve your fitness —look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries —you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used in day-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women re cently treated for breast cancer.” says Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System’s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, ‘Take it easy,’ but chemotherapy(化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,”he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It’s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When US’ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Square.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ machines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a product with their friends. Someone’s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and d on’t like, because they trust their opinions.”When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. “Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There’s only so much mindshare to capture.” McCathy emphasized.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In India, almost all marriages are arranged. Even among the educated middle classes in modern urban India, marriage is as much a concern of the families as it is of the __51__. So customary is the practice of arranged marriage that there is a special name for a marriage which is not __52__: It is called a “love match”.On my first trip to India, I met many young men and women whose parents were in the process of “getting them married”. In many cases, the bride and groom would not meet each other before the marriage. __53__ they might meet for a brief conversation, and this meeting would take place only after their parents had decided that the match was __54__. Parents do not force their children to marry a person who either marriage partner finds unacceptable. But only after one match is refused will another be sought.As a young American woman in India for the first time, I found this custom of arranged marriage __55__. How could any intelligent young person __56__ to such a marriage without great reluctance? It was __57__ to everything I believed about the importance of romantic love as the only basis of a happy marriage. It was also in conflict with my strongly held beliefs that the choice of such a close and permanent relationship could be made only by individuals __58__. If anyone had tried to arrange my marriage, I would have been __59__!Sita, one of my young friends, was a college graduate with a degree in political science. Shehad been __60__ for over a year while her parents were arranging a match for her. I found it difficult to accept the obedient（顺从的）manner in which this well-educated young woman awaited the outcome of a process that would __61__ her spending the rest of her life with a man she hardly knew, a total stranger, __62__ by her parents.In frustration and distress, I asked her, “Don’t you care who you __63__?” “Of course I care,” she answered. “This is why I must let my p arents choose a boy for me. My marriage is too important to be arranged by such a(n) __64__ person as myself. In such matters, it is better to have my parents’ __65__”.51. A. classes B. individuals C. society D. country52. A. matched B. decided C. concerned D. arranged53. A. After all B. In addition C. At most D. On average54. A. comfortable B. imperfect C. suitable D. dissatisfying55. A. acceptable B. amazing C. depressing D. strange56. A. agree B. turn C. exchange D. devote57. A. customary B. remarkable C. similar D. contrary58. A. involved B. present C. informed D. available59. A. ambitious B. proud C. rebellious D. puzzled60. A. fighting B. protesting C. waiting D. dreaming61. A. profit from B. hold back C. act out D. result in62. A. picked out B. picked up C. taken up D. taken out63. A. encounter B. favor C. marry D. join64. A. intelligent B. unfortunate C. inexperienced D. careless65. A. blessing B. guidance C. fortune D. promise Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Yo-Yo Ma is one of the most gifted cellists(大提琴手) in the world today. He is known internationally for not only the many classical pieces he performs but also his willingness to think outside of the box musically.Yo-Yo Ma has recorded over 75 albums; many of them strictly considered classical in arrangement, while others differ greatly from classical music. He’s worked with musicians like Bobby Mcferrin and Sting, and explored musical forms that range from traditional Chinese music to bluegrass. His musical explorations, including the scoring or performance in numerous films, have won Ma many awards and honors.Born to Chinese immigrant parents in Paris in 1955, Yo-Yo Ma was already a gifted musician by the time his family moved to the U.S., when he was seven. One of his first performances where he was much noted was a 1962 performance for U.S. President John F. Kennedy. Ma was certainly a genius, appearing on television by the time he was eight and performing with numerous orchestras through his teens.Like many young extraordinary musicians, Yo-Yo Ma’s educational path included the study at the distinguished Juilliard School of Music. Unlike geniuses that stay on a singular path, Ma felt that he wanted to expand his education by taking a traditional liberal arts course at first Columbia and then Harvard University, where he received his bachelor’s degree in 1976. He wasn’t always certain that he should continue to pursue his career as a cellist, and refers to hearing the work ofPablo Casals, the famous Spanish cellist, as inspiration to continue his studies and performance.By the early 1980s, Yo-Yo Ma had become internationally known. He also began to express considerable interest in the possibilities of musical education for children. To that end, he made appearances on Sesame Street and other shows targeted at children.In 1998, Ma started the Silk Road Project, which promotes cooperation among artists, including musicians from around the world. His devotion to bringing together the various cultures represented by the ancient Silk Road is expressed in Ma’s political attitude of peace through music. In 2006, the UN Secretary General Kofi Anan named Ma a Peace Ambassador.66.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Yo-Yo Ma?A. He has explored a wide range of musical forms.B. He wasn’t well-known in the U.S. until the 1980s.C. He is famous only for the classical pieces he performs.D. He was determined to become a cellist since childhood.67.Whose work has had an influence on Ma in deciding to pursue a career as a cellist?A. Bobby McFerrin’s.B. Kofi Anan’s.C. Pablo Casals’.D. Sting’s.68. Through the Silk Road Project, Yo-Yo Ma intended to ___________.A. continue his studies while performing with musicians all around the worldB. bring together many different cultures represented by the ancient Silk RoadC. become a UN Peace Ambassador by expressing his political attitude of peaceD. promote musical education for children in the countries along the ancient Silk Road69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. To Be Known as Early as PossibleB. Growth Process of a Peace AmbassadorC. University Education: Key Factor to Yo-Yo Ma’s SuccessD. A Talented Musician with Sense of Social ResponsibilitySUNDAY MAY 7 EASY Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyMeet at 7:30 a.m. at the end of Day RD, Cheltenham, while the bush is alive with birdsong.Round trip: 4 hoursFRIDAY MAY 12 MEDIUM Possum prowlMeet 7:30 p.m. at Seaforth Oval carpark. Enjoy the peace of the bush at night. Lovely water views. Bring torch and wear non-slip shoes as some rock climbing involved. Coffee and FRIDAY JUNE 6 EASY Poetry around a campfireMeet 7:00 p.m. Kalkaari Visitor Center. Share your favourite poem or one of your own with a group around a gently cracking fire. Drinks and food to follow. Bring a cup and a blanket (or a chair).Cost: $4.00 per person.Duration: 2.5 hoursSUNDAY JUNE 25 EASY Morning Walk at Mitchell ParkMeet 8:30 a.m. entrance to Mitchell Park, Mitchell Park Rd. Cattai for a pleasant walkbiscuits supplied.Duration: 2 hoursSUNDAY JUNE 4 HARDBaime Basin TrackMeet 9:30 a.m. Track#8, West Head Road,Magnificent Pittwater views.Visit Beechwood cottage. Bring lunch anddrink. Some steep sections.Reasonable fitness required.likely to join __________.A. Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyB. Baime Basin TrackC. Poetry around a campfireD. Morning Walk at Mitchell Park71. If you want to enjoy the peace of the bush at night, you are required to __________.A. meet at 7:30 p.m. June 6B. bring slippers with youC. prepare a torchD. climb rocks for two hours72. How many guided walks and nature activities provide food or drink?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.73. In the activity “Morning Walk at Mitchell Park”, one may have no chance to ___________.A.appreciate bird watchingB. enjoy mountain climbingC.take a relaxing walkD. have morning tea( C )ESP, Extra Sensory Perception, is a catch-all expression for the so-called ability of certain people to receive transmitted thoughts from others, to transmit their own thoughts, to see what will happen in the future or to be able to move objects from one place to another without physically touching them. These special people are called psychics. Some believe that we all have this ability to some degree but that most of us choose not to develop it.plenty of claims that have turned out to be cheating. For most people, it is difficult to accept such claims without having had first hand experience. The lack of scientific evidence is another factor to take into account. On the other hand, most of us have, at some time, experienced a seemingly unexplainable occurrence; hearing the telephone ring and knowing who will be on the other end of the line or cases of coincidence that seem to be too extreme to be accidental.Over the years there have been numerous ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called “Extra-Sensory Perception” in which he claimed to have enormous evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to copy his results since, which has resulted in the book losing much of its original credibility and fame.The Ganzfield Experiments are considered to have been the most carefully examined ESP experiments. So-called psychics had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a “sender” attempted to transmit messages. Later the psychics would compare the messages received to the original messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time, but the research failed to produce convincing results.One of the strongest criticisms against ESP is that in order for it to exist, the fundamental laws of physics would necessarily have to be broken.Human beings are attracted to the whole range of supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate. This becomes clear when we see how much of the media is dedicated to the topic: magazines, journals, web sites, television and radio programs. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain: “The truth is out there! ”74. According to the 1st paragraph, a psychic can do the following EXCEPT __________.A. read what his parents are thinking aboutB. transmit one friend’s thought to anotherC. predict what’ll happen at tomorrow’s meetingD. change the position of a chair without touching itA. enthusiasticB. doubtfulC. particularD. curious76. What can be learned about the book “Extra–Sensory Perception” and“the Ganzfield E xperiments”?A. They both failed to prove the existence of ESP scientifically.B. They were both the products of casually-designed research.C. Others followed their examples and got the same consequences.D. The writer and the experiment operators lost their fame eventually.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Whether ESP exists.B. How ESP works.C. Who ESP attracts.D. Why ESP fails.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow’s move into “sensory” marketing is the la test in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to help sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere” —using smells to influence consumer behavior. On Val entine’s Day two years ago, the chain of chemist’s Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with love, ” said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did notreveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that the detergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reason is because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent” and “coconut-scented sun cream” is used to showthat __________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?第II卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
一、填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题，考生必须在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1.函数xxy -+=11log 2的定义域是 ．2.函数x x y 22sin cos -=的最小正周期=T ．3.已知全集R U =，集合{}|0,R A x x a x =+≥∈，{}||1|3,R B x x x =-≤∈．若U ()[2,4]C A B =-，则实数a 的取值范围是 ．4.已知等差数列{}*(N )n a n ∈的公差为3，11-=a ，前n 项和为n S ，则nnn S na ∞→lim的数值是 ．【答案】25.函数)1,0(|log |)(≠>=a a x x f a 且的单调递增区间是 ．6.函数)0()(2≤-=x x x f 的反函数是)(1x f-，则反函数的解析式是=-)(1x f ．7.方程1)34(log 2+=-x x的解=x .考点：解对数方程．8.在ABC ∆中，角C B A 、、所对的边的长度分别为c b a 、、，且ab c b a 3222=-+， 则=∠C .9.已知i (i 11-=x 是虚数单位，以下同)是关于x 的实系数一元二次方程02=++b ax x 的一个根，则实数=a ，=b ．10.若用一个平面去截球体，所得截面圆的面积为16π，球心到该截面的距离是3，则这个球的表面积是 ．11.已知向量)1,0()4,3(-=-=b a，，则向量在向量的方向上的投影是 ． 【答案】4 【解析】试题分析：向量在向量的方向上的投影是40a b b⋅==．考点：向量的投影．12.直线l 的参数方程是12,(R,2x t t y t=-+⎧∈⎨=-⎩t 是参数)，则直线l 的一个方向向量是 ．(答案不唯一)13.某个不透明的袋中装有除颜色外其它特征完全相同的8个乒乓球(其中3个是白色球，5个是黄色球)，小李同学从袋中一个一个地摸乒乓球(每次摸出球后不放回)，当摸到的球是黄球时停止摸球．用随机变量ξ表示小李同学首先摸到黄色乒乓球时的摸球次数，则随机变量ξ的数学期望值=ξE．14.已知函数)(x f y =是定义域为R 的偶函数. 当0≥x 时，⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥<≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=2log 20,21)(16x x x x f x．若关于x 的方程2[()]()0f x a f x b +⋅+=(R)a b ∈、有且只有7个不同实数根，则实数a 的取值范围是 ． 【答案】524a -<<- 【解析】二、选择题：本大题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.15.已知R a b ∈、，且0ab ≠，则下列结论恒成立的是 ( )．A ． ab b a 2≥+B ．2≥+a b b a C ．2||≥+abb a D ．222a b ab +>16.已知空间直线l 不在平面α内，则“直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等”是“α||l ”的 ( )．A ．充分非必要条件B ．必要非充分条件C ．充要条件D ．非充分非必要条件 【答案】B 【解析】17.已知22R,0a b a b ∈+≠、，则直线0=+by ax l ：与圆：022=+++by ax y x 的位置关系是( )．A ．相交B ．相切C ．相离D ．不能确定18.给出下列命题：(1)已知事件B A 、是互斥事件，若35.0)(,25.0)(==B P A P ，则60.0)(=B A P ； (2)已知事件B A 、是互相独立事件，若60.0)(,15.0)(==B P A P ，则51.0)(=B A P (A 表示事件A 的对立事件)； (3)183)1(xx +的二项展开式中，共有4个有理项．则其中真命题的序号是 ( ) A ．(1)、(2)． B ．(1)、(3)． C ．(2)、(3)． D ．(1)、(2)、(3)．数倍，由此0,6,12,18k =共4个数，即展开式中只有4个有理项，正确.选D. 考点：互斥事件的概率，互相独立事件的概率，二项展开式的通项公式.三、解答题 （本大题共5小题，共74分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分． (理)已知直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，0190,2,4ACB AC BC AA ∠====，D 是棱1AA 的中点．如图所示．(1)求证：1DC ⊥平面BCD ； (2)求二面角A BD C --的大小．C 1角与二面角互补或相等来求，下面就是想办法求法向量了，如平面ABD ，可设(,,)n x y z =是它的法向量，利用00n AB n AD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩，得到220,20.x y z -+=⎧⎨=⎩，只要令1x =，就可得到一个法向量(1,1,0).试题解析：(1)按如图所示建立空间直角坐标系．由题知，可得点(0,0,0)C 、(2,0,0)A 、(0,2,0)B 、(2,0,2)D 、1(2,0,4)A 、1(0,0,4)C ．于是，1(2,0,2),(2,0,2),(2,2,2)DC DC DB =-=--=--． 可算得110,0DC DC DC DB ⋅=⋅=．因此，11,DC DC DC DB ⊥⊥． 又DCDB D =，所以，1DC BDC ⊥平面．记n 与1DC 的夹角为θ，则111cos 2||||n DC n DC θ⋅==-， 23πθ=．结合三棱柱可知，二面角A BD C --是锐角， ∴所求二面角A BD C --的大小是3π． 考点：（1）线面垂直；（2）求二面角.20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分．已知复数12cos i,1isin ,R z x z x x =+=-∈．(1)求||21z z -的最小值；(2)设21z z z ⋅=，记z z x f (Im Im )(=表示复数z 的虚部). 将函数)(x f 的图像上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍(纵坐标不变)，再把所得的图像向右平移2π个单位长度，得到函数)(x g 的图像. 试求函数)(x g 的解析式．12min ||1)z z -==.21.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分．某通讯公司需要在三角形地带OAC 区域内建造甲、乙两种通信信号加强中转站，甲中转站建在区域BOC 内，乙中转站建在区域AOB 内．分界线OB 固定，且OB=(1百米，边界线AC始终过点B ，边界线OCOA 、满足0075,30,45A O C A OB B OC ∠=∠=∠=． 设OA x =(36x ≤≤)百米，OC y =百米.(1)试将y 表示成x 的函数，并求出函数y 的解析式；(2)当x 取何值时？整个中转站的占地面积OAC S ∆最小，并求出其面积的最小值．第21题图ABCO解得(36)2y x x =≤≤-．(2)由(1)知，(36)2y x x =≤≤-，因此，01sin 752AOCS xy ∆==142)4]42x x =-++-2≥+当且仅当422x x -=-，即4x =时，等号成立)．答：当400x =米时，整个中转站的占地面积OAC S ∆最小，最小面积是4(210+⨯平方米. 12分考点：求函数解析式，三角形的面积公式，分式函数的最值与基本不等式.22.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分．已知数列{}n a 满足nn n nn n a a a a a 3,)1(,12121221+=-+==+-(*N n ∈)．(1)求753a a a 、、的值； (2)求12-n a (用含n 的式子表示)；(3) (理)记数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，求n S (用含n 的式子表示)．定n S 的最后一项n a 是项还是偶数项，这样分组才能明确. 试题解析：(1)n n n n n n a a a a a 3,)1(,12121221+=-+==+-(*N n ∈)，1211324325465376(1)0,33,14,313,112,339.a a a a a a a a a a a a ∴=+-==+==+==+==-==+=(2)由题知，有*21213(1)(N )nnn n a a n +--=+-∈．112123222325121121211225311313(1)3(1)(333)[(1)(1)(1)]3(1)3(1)n n n n n n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a -----------⎫∴-=+-⎪-=+-⎪⎪⇒-=++++-+-++-⎬⎪-=+-⎪⎪-=+-⎭．∴*213(1)1(N )2n nn a n ---=-∈． (理)(3) ∵*213(1)1(N )2n nn a n ---=-∈， ∴*23(1)1(N )2n nn a n +-=-∈． ∴21232n n n a a -+=-． 又1231n n n S a a a a a -=+++++，01当n 为偶数时，12341()()()n n n S a a a a a a -=++++++122(32)(32)(32)n =-+-++-233322n n =⋅--．02当n 为奇数时，123421()()()n n n n S a a a a a a a --=+++++++111221223(1)(32)(32)(32)12n n n ++---=-+-++-+-11223(1)322n n n ++-=---．综上，有2*1122333,22(N )3(1)3.22n n n n n n S n n n ++⎧⋅--⎪⎪=∈⎨⎪----⎪⎩为偶数为奇数 考点：（1）数列的项；（2）数列的通项公式；（3）数列的前n 项和与分组求和.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分．(理)已知点),(y x M 是平面直角坐标系上的一个动点，点M 到直线4=x 的距离等于点M 到点(1,0)D 的距离的2倍．记动点M 的轨迹为曲线C .(1)求曲线C 的方程； (2)斜率为21的直线l 与曲线C 交于B A 、两个不同点，若直线l 不过点)23,1(P ，设直线PB PA 、的斜率分别为PB PA k k 、，求PB PA k k +的数值；(3)试问：是否存在一个定圆N ，与以动点M 为圆心，以MD 为半径的圆相内切？若存在，求出这个定圆的方程；若不存在，说明理由．试题解析：(1)由题知，有|4|x -=.化简，得曲线C 的方程：22143x y +=． (2)∵直线l 的斜率为12，且不过3(1,)2P 点， ∴可设直线l ：1(1)2y x m m =+≠且．。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【语法填空】（1）虹口(A)One of my most surprising findings as a student is 25 parents do not always accept your adulthood. I was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living 26 your own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected 27 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as 28 (smoothly) as possible. The first night I went to the Berkeley campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother.29 when I called her to say I had decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom i nformed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I 30 (make) my own decisions how late a young man should stay out for several months. However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they were the 31 paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up, and do 32 they ask.(B)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply — all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men — creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35 (conduct) his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 36 ______ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trialand error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain 38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training in science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.（2）黄浦( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years. For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist.I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to do. As Confucius once said, “At seven ty I can follow my heart’s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improve your fitness —look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries —you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used inday-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women recently treated for breast cancer.” say s Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System’s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, ‘Take it easy,’ but chemotherapy(化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,”he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It’s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”（3）静杨青宝(A)I have to say that my mom is stricter than most parents, and I’m the kind of kid who has a lot of my own thoughts.I used to think that she’s just a picky person that likes to make things more difficult for me, so we once sat down and talked face to face trying to clarify every misunderstanding we have (25)__________ us. I (26)__________ (convince) and decided to change my attitude towards her. My mom told me that as we grow, she’s also growing, too. Every day, she learns something new about being a mom, and her knowledge of becoming a good mom gradually grows.(27)__________ time passes by, I began to realize that most of her rules, or should I say “point of view”, are really to protect us. We teenagers often think that parents are conservative(保守的), and they know nothing about us, but honestly, we’re actually still too young (28)__________ (know) what’s really best for us.Parents can be wrong sometimes because nobody’s perfect, and they may be just like my mom who is still on her way to (29)__________ (be) a perfect parent! So, to those who often argue with their parents like me: next time, when you really disagree with (30)__________ your parents say, stop and tell yourself that your parents would never try to do (31)__________ to harm you because they love you before you yell at them.Finally, I really want my mom to know how sorry I am for always yelling at her breaking her heart. I really do want to change because I love her just as much as she loves me.(B)When I was in junior high school, darkness began filling my mind. I don’t know the day or the reason why it began. All I know is that I started feeling hopeless and worthless. I hid in my room, (32)__________ (stare) outof the window, thinking about all my failures. I even questioned (33)__________ being alive was worthwhile. My dark mood wasn’t constant. It would fade at times, but it always returned.It was my parents that helped me identify the shadow (34)__________ hung over my life —depression. Depression is (35)__________ mental illness that drains your energy and prevents you from enjoying life. It can keep you from succeeding at school or work or from connecting with others. At its (36)__________ (bad), depression can even lead to suicide.When your mood is dark, how do you know whether you are depressed or just sad? Think about how long the feelings (37)__________ (last). If they have persisted for weeks or months, get help.No one (38)__________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone — a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —and tell them your feelings. Consider seeing a doctor or psychologist, if they are getting worse.When I was depressed, I was (39)__________ (embarrass) to tell anyone. I didn’t want to seem weak or needy. But when I told my friends, they supportedand encouraged me.In fact, (40)__________ depression affects many people worldwide, treatments are available and can bring hope and joy back into their life.(4)浦东(A)One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter. As she _______25_______ (ask) me to play chess with here, I suggested a game and she eagerly accepted. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I _______26_______ hurry my moves, because she needed to go to bed; she had to get up at six in the morning. I knew she had strict sleeping habits, _______27_______ I thought she ought to be able to give up some of this strictness. I said to her, “What fun it is! Why not stay up late for once.”We played on for _______28_______ fifteen minutes, during which time she looked anxious. Finally she said, “Please, Daddy, do it quickly/”“No,”I replied, “_______29_______ you want to play it well, you’re going to play it slowly.” And so we continued until suddenly my daughter burst intotears, and admitted _______30_______(beat).Clearly, I had made a mistake. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my intention to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire _______31_______(win) served me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.(B)While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons _______32_______ explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “ Empty Nest Syndrome”(空巢综合症).In order to seek _______33_______ chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, _______34_______ their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact_______35_______ most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty _______36_______ they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match _______37_______ they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response_______38_______ the needs of their aged parents.The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents _______39_______(describe) as “distant parent phenomenon”, _______40_______ is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “ Empty Nest Syndrome”.(5) 普陀(A)Madonna：Singer/actress, born Michigan, USA, 1959Originally a dancer, she had her first popularrecord ‘Holiday’in 1983. In 1985 she began her film career and also married actor Sean Penn, but (25)____ marriage lasted less than four years. Her ‘Blond Ambition Tour’in 1990 with special clothes(26)____(design) by Jean Paul Gaultier caused much conflict. Her career took a more respectable direction, however, with the birth of her first child, Lourdes, in 1997, and her performance in the title role of Evita.Pelé：footballer, born Edson Arantes do Nascimento, Tres Coracoes, Brazil, 1940(27)____(consider) by many to be the greatest footballer of all time, he became a world star at the age of only seventeen, when Brazil first won the World Cup in Sweden. Perhaps his (28)____(great) success in his life was to win the third World Cup in Mexico in 1970. He played in four World Cup competitions, and scored over 1,200 goals in his career before finally (29)____(retire) in 1977. He (30)____(appoint) Brazilian Special Minister for Sport in 1994.Steffi Graf：tennis player, born Neckerau, Germany, 1969(31)____ Graf turned professional at the age of thirteen, she won her first major tournament in 1986 and became the world’s number one a year later. In 1988 she became the first woman since 1970 to win ‘The Grand Slam’(Wimbledon, the US, Australian and French Open tournaments). She (32)____(win) over 100 titles in her career and earned up to $20 million.(B)One in three American children now live with onlyone parent. (33)____ ____ the traditional family of Japan is strong, divorce still went up quickly between 1980 and 1995. (34)____ is more important is that the nature of the family is changing. In Sweden and Denmark, around half of all babies are now born to unmarried parents, and in the United Kingdom and France more than a third.Families are getting smaller. The average Turkish family had seven members in 1970; today it has only five. And in Spain and Italy, (35)____ families were always traditionally large, the birthrate was the lowest in the developed world in 1995. This fall in the birthrate is due to the fact that, as more women have careers, they are waiting longer and longer (36)____(start) a family. The age (37)____ ____ the average woman has her first baby is now 28 in Western Europe, and it is getting later.So the nuclear family is clearly changing, but is it in danger of (38)____(disappear) completely?The truth is (39)____ it is still too early to tell. In some countries these patterns are actually reversing. In the United States, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom,the birthrate is rising once more; and in Denmark, for example, marriage is becoming more popular again. In the United States, the divorce rate in fact fell (40)____ 10 per cent between 1980 and 1990, and it is continuing to fall.（6）徐汇松江金山(A)The California state assembly recently approved the so-called Paris Hilton bill, which prevents dogs 25______ occupying the driver’s seat in a moving vehicle. The bill passed 26______ Democrats wanted to make an example of Miss Hilton. They think she is a “little rich girl” who always gets her way; plus, her daddy is a big contributor to the Republican Party. “The judge 27______ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got only a four-day jail sentence for driving while drunk.28______ (drive) around town with her little dog Lovey hanging out the driver's window, Paris is a familiar sight throughout Los Angeles. Pictures of her and Lovey are common in newspapers and magazines.“That dog is a deadly threat to everyone on thestreets and the sidew alks,” said assembly leader Fabian Nunez. “We wrote this bill to protect the public. There’s no telling 29______ the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians. 30______ Paris wants to be with her dog, let her chauffeur do the driving. The state assembly is responsible for protecting people, and we take that responsibility seriously.”The assembly bill passed by a vote of 44 to 11. The state senate(参议院) 31______(expect) to approve the bill, and Governor Schwarzenegger has promised to sign it. “I love dogs,” he said, “but when it comes to 32______ (protect) the people of California, dogs will have to take a back seat.”The eleven assembly members who objected to the bill were all Republicans. “While Californians,”said Republican Tom Ridge, “are being attacked daily by murderers, rapists, and muggers, who do the Democrats protect citizens from—a 33______ (spoil) little girl and her dog!”(B)He almost killed somebody, but one minute changed his life. This beautiful story comes fromSherman Rogers’ book, Foremen: Leaders or Drivers? .In his true-life story, Rogers illustrates the importance of effective relationships. During his college years, Rogers spent 34______ summer in an Idaho(爱达荷州) logging camp. When the superintendent had to leave for a few days, he put Rogers in charge.“35______ if the men refuse to follow my orders?”Rogers asked. He thought of Tony, an immigrant worker who roared all day, giving the other men a hard time.“Fire them,”the superintendent said. Then, as if 36______ (read) Roger’s mind, he added, “I suppose you think you are going to fire Tony if you get the chance. I’d feel badly about that. I have been logging for 40 years. Tony is the most reliable worker I’ve ever had. I know he hates everybody and everything. But he comes in first and leaves last. There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill 37______ he works.”Rogers took over the next day. He went to Tony and spoke to him.“Tony, do you know I’m in charge here today?”Tony grunted（发哼声）. “I was going to fire you the first time we fought, but I want you to know I’m not,”he told Tony, adding what the superintendent 38______(say).When he finished, Tony dropped the shovelful of sand he had held and tears streamed down his face.“Why he no tell me dat eight years ago?”That day Tony worked harder than ever before --- and he smiled! He later said to Rogers, “My first foreman who ever say, ‘Good work, Tony’ and it made me feel like Christmas.”Rogers went back to school after that summer. Twelve years later he met Tony again who was now superintendent for railroad construction for one of 39______ (large) logging companies in the West. Rogers asked him how he came to California and happened to have such success.Tony replied, “If it not be for the one minute you talk to me back in Idaho, I keel somebody someday. One minute change my whole life.”Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out 40______ a worker is doing well. But what a difference a minute of affirmation can make in any relationship!（7）闸北ANo trip to South Korea is complete without a visit to its fascinating theme parks. For those who assume that amusement parks are just playgrounds teeming with kids, South Korea’s theme parks are sure (25)______(change) their minds.With their charming garden plantations, hot springs and exciting rides, they offer travellers a romantic and exciting getaway. Within the appropriate driving distance from the Korean capital Seoul, there are three theme parks worth (26)______ (visit)—Lotte World, Everland and Seoul Land.Everland, the (27)______(large) theme park in South Korea, covering various areas like Festival World, Caribbean Bay and Speedway. It is such (28)______ huge park that you will have to plan in advance where you are investing your time there.Lotte World, (29)_____ designer was determined to create a wonderland for fun-seekers, consists of Lotte World Adventure, and movie theatres. You (30)______ also take part in activities such as ice-skating or bowling there.(31)______ travellers want, South Korea is there toprovide. Hop on a heart-stopping ride, amuse yourself in one of the theme parks or simply enjoy a relaxing hot spring bath. Come and visit South Korea now!BFounded by Louis Cartier in Paris France in 1847, Cartier is well known in the fashion world. It is recognized as (32)______ of the world’s most distinguished luxury brands. Most early years of Cartier (33)______(devote) to serving royal families and celebrities. King Edward VII of England referred to Cartier as “the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers.”The company remained under family control (34)______ 1964 when an investment group bought the business.Many of Cartier’s famous products were produced (35)______ chance. In 1904, the Brazilian pioneer pilot, Alberto Santos-Dumont complained to Louis Cartier about the unreliability and impracticality of using pocket watches (36)______ flying. In result, Cartier designed a flat wristwatch named “Santos”.(37)_____ _____ _____ it was available on the market, the watch was loved by not only Alberto Santos-Dumont but also other customers. It wasn’t long (38)______ theSantos watch became the most popular men’s wristwatch then.In 1907, Cartier began to work with a businessman named Edmond Jaeger, (39)______ agreed to exclusively supply the movements for Cartier watches. By that time, Cartier (40)______(establish) branches in many cities. It was these earliest shops that witnessed Cartier’s amazing development into today’s leading jewelry and watch brand.（8）长宁嘉定(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tearsand show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of the type doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). Firstone of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”（9）崇明(A)Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician, went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_____ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_____ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_____(make) up of coconuts (椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_____(start) with a magnifying glass (放大镜).The Flakes brought along a lobster (龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_____(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_____ (pump) for just a small amount of fresh water.One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_____ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.Still, it was quite (32)_____ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no texting,” Flake recalled.(B)Count to three and rip (撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid (创可贴). (33)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (34)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (35)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, (36)_____(leave) the glue behind. The glue (37)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.This is not the first time scientists (38)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (39)_____(sticky) and therefore didn’t stay on for long.The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (40)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.(10) 奉贤(A)For most people, meat is a necessary part of any meal. But just ask yourself, would you still eat it if you knew that it had come from a cloned chicken or pig?The European Food Safety Authority has, so far, found no indication（25）______ food products, such as milk and meat, from cloned animals, are less safe than ones from normal animals. However, there are still economic and ethical(伦理的) concerns related to (26) ______(eat)cloned animals.That’s (27)______the European Union has launched a proposal to ban the sale and import of food from cloned animals.First of all, cloning is extremely costly. More importantly, cloning has a low success rate. It means that many cloned animals won’t survive into adulthood, and some (28)______ die before they are even born. This causes unnecessary suffering among animals and is opposed by animal rights supporters.While it would make it illegal to sell and import cloned animals, the proposal says that (29)______sale and import of food from the offspring(后代) of clones would be allowed since they are not considered to be thedirect products of cloning. But they are required to be clearly labeled (30)____________customers can choose whether they want them or not.The proposal (31)______ (put)to the European Parliament and member states, and it is not expected to come into force until 2016.(B)California has long attracted visitors seeking fortune, fame or both. Way back in 1849, hundreds of thousands started digging (32)______gold in the great Gold Rush of California, a historical event that(33) ______ (capture) the American imagination.Nowadays, the state is the most diverse（多元化的）in the entire mainland US – both in terms of the races of its people and the languages that(34)______ speak. Thu s, California is a true example of the “melting pot”, so often (35)______(associate) with the US.But why is it(36)______ all these different types of people choose to live and work in California? You’ve probably heard of Silicon Valley. Located outside of San Francisco in northern California, it is home to many of the world’s most successful technology companies. (37) ______ you ever send texts on an iPhone, e-mail with Yahoo, search on Google or edit pictures with Photoshop, then you have Silicon Valley to thank.But it’s not just electronic innovation that inspires people to move to California. Another major draw is one of (38)______ (old)American dreams — the chance (39)______ (become) a movie or TV star. People (40) ______ visit California get a special rush from going to Mount Lee in Santa Monica and seeing the famous Hollywood sign, a lasting symbol of the American film and television industries.(11)闵行(A)。
黄浦区2014年高考模拟考英语试卷2014年4月10日下午考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2. 本试卷设试卷和答题卷两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷。
所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题卷上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题卷纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. August 6. B. August 7. C. August 13. D. August 19.2. A. A coat store. B. A chemist‟s. C. A dry cleaner. D. A watch shop.3. A. Policeman and driver. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and clerk.D. Doctor and nurse.4. A. A brand of jeans. B. A new hair style. C. Popular stars. D. School uniforms.5. A. The man enjoys dramas very much.B. Soap operas aren‟t the woman‟s favorite.C. The woman has watched a lot of soap operas.D. The man doesn‟t want to watch a drama with the woman.6. A. Anxious. B. Casual. C. Supportive. D. Unbelieving.7. A. The style of the watch. B. Her boyfr iend‟s figure.C. The price of the watch.D. Her boy friend‟s preference.8. A. The damage to the environment. B. The location of the hotel.C. The demand of the job market.D. The solution to the issue.9. A. Sh e can‟t afford that much for a t rip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. Sh e doesn‟t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.10. A. Skipping the meal to lose weight. B. Having the pizza with the woman.C. Ordering food to be eaten at home.D. Dining out instead of eating at home. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Engine trouble. B. Poor weather. C. Tall waterfalls. D. Tight budget.12. A. Amazing as well as tough. B. Funny while incredible.C. Disappointing but rewarding.D. Fascinating and well-paid.13. A. A mechanic. B. A photographer. C. A travel writer. D. A weather man.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because it is totally beyond most students‟ ability.B. Because it doesn‟t help people today learn from history.C. Because students should be taught from the past forward.D. Because this kind of teaching approach is out-of-fashion.15. A. By studying with the traditional approach.B. By keeping names, places and dates in mind.C. By putting forward questions about the near future.D. By looking into the past for answers to present problems.16. A. To explain the history of education.B. To state the purpose of learning history.C. To criticize students‟ habits of history study.D. To present a new method of history education.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each blank.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each blank.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years.For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to d o. As Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart‟s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improve your fitness —look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries —you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used in day-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women rece ntly treated for breast cancer.” says Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System‟s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, …Take it easy,‟ but chemotherapy(化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,”he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It‟s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When US‟ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Square.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students group s, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ machines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a product with their friends. Someone‟s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don‟t like, because they trust their opinions.”When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. “Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There‟s only so much mindshare to capture.” McCathy emphasized.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In India, almost all marriages are arranged. Even among the educated middle classes in modern urban India, marriage is as much a concern of the families as it is of the __51__. So customary is the practice of arranged marriage that there is a special name for a marriage which is not __52__: It is called a “love match”.On my first trip to India, I met many young men and women whose parents were in the process of “getting them married”. In many cases, the bride and groom would not meet each other before the marriage. __53__ they might meet for a brief conversation, and this meeting would take place only after their parents had decided that the match was __54__. Parents do not force their children to marry a person who either marriage partner finds unacceptable. But only after one match is refused will another be sought.As a young American woman in India for the first time, I found this custom of arranged marriage __55__. How could any intelligent young person __56__ to such a marriage without great reluctance? It was __57__ to everything I believed about the importance of romantic love as the only basis of a happy marriage. It was also in conflict with my strongly held beliefs that the choice of such a close and permanent relationship could be made only by individuals __58__. If anyone had tried to arrange my marriage, I would have been __59__!Sita, one of my young friends, was a college graduate with a degree in political science. Shehad been __60__ for over a year while her parents were arranging a match for her. I found it difficult to accept the obedient(顺从的) manner in which this well-educated young woman awaited the outcome of a process that would __61__ her spending the rest of her life with a man she hardly knew, a total stranger, __62__ by her parents.In frustration and distress, I asked her, “Don‟t you care who you __63__?” “Of course I care,” she answered. “This is why I must let my parents choose a boy for me. My marriage is too important to be arranged by such a(n) __64__ person as myself. In such matters, it is better to have my parents‟ __65__”.51. A. classes B. individuals C. society D. country52. A. matched B. decided C. concerned D. arranged53. A. After all B. In addition C. At most D. On average54. A. comfortable B. imperfect C. suitable D. dissatisfying55. A. acceptable B. amazing C. depressing D. strange56. A. agree B. turn C. exchange D. devote57. A. customary B. remarkable C. similar D. contrary58. A. involved B. present C. informed D. available59. A. ambitious B. proud C. rebellious D. puzzled60. A. fighting B. protesting C. waiting D. dreaming61. A. profit from B. hold back C. act out D. result in62. A. picked out B. picked up C. taken up D. taken out63. A. encounter B. favor C. marry D. join64. A. intelligent B. unfortunate C. inexperienced D. careless65. A. blessing B. guidance C. fortune D. promise Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Yo-Yo Ma is one of the most gifted cellists(大提琴手) in the world today. He is known internationally for not only the many classical pieces he performs but also his willingness to think outside of the box musically.Yo-Yo Ma has recorded over 75 albums; many of them strictly considered classical in ar rangement, while others differ greatly from classical music. He‟s worked with musicians like Bobby Mcferrin and Sting, and explored musical forms that range from traditional Chinese music to bluegrass. His musical explorations, including the scoring or performance in numerous films, have won Ma many awards and honors.Born to Chinese immigrant parents in Paris in 1955, Yo-Yo Ma was already a gifted musician by the time his family moved to the U.S., when he was seven. One of his first performances where he was much noted was a 1962 performance for U.S. President John F. Kennedy. Ma was certainly a genius, appearing on television by the time he was eight and performing with numerous orchestras through his teens.Like many young extraordinary musicians, Yo-Yo Ma‟s educational path included the study at the distinguished Juilliard School of Music. Unlike geniuses that stay on a singular path, Ma felt that he wanted to expand his education by taking a traditional liberal arts course at first Columbia and then Ha rvard University, where he received his bachelor‟s degree in 1976. He wasn‟t always certain that he should continue to pursue his career as a cellist, and refers to hearing the work ofPablo Casals, the famous Spanish cellist, as inspiration to continue his studies and performance.By the early 1980s, Yo-Yo Ma had become internationally known. He also began to express considerable interest in the possibilities of musical education for children. To that end, he made appearances on Sesame Street and other shows targeted at children.In 1998, Ma started the Silk Road Project, which promotes cooperation among artists, including musicians from around the world. His devotion to bringing together the various cultures represented by the ancient Silk Road is expres sed in Ma‟s political attitude of peace through music. In 2006, the UN Secretary General Kofi Anan named Ma a Peace Ambassador.66.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Yo-Yo Ma?A. He has explored a wide range of musical forms.B. He wasn‟t well-known in the U.S. until the 1980s.C. He is famous only for the classical pieces he performs.D. He was determined to become a cellist since childhood.67.Whose work has had an influence on Ma in deciding to pursue a career as a cellist?A. Bobby McFerrin‟s.B. Kofi Anan‟s.C. Pablo Casals‟.D. Sting‟s.68. Through the Silk Road Project, Yo-Yo Ma intended to ___________.A. continue his studies while performing with musicians all around the worldB. bring together many different cultures represented by the ancient Silk RoadC. become a UN Peace Ambassador by expressing his political attitude of peaceD. promote musical education for children in the countries along the ancient Silk Road69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. To Be Known as Early as PossibleB. Growth Process of a Peace AmbassadorC. University Education: Key Factor to Yo-Yo Ma‟s SuccessD. A Talented Musician with Sense of Social Responsibilitylikely to join __________.A. Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyB. Baime Basin TrackC. Poetry around a campfireD. Morning Walk at Mitchell Park71. If you want to enjoy the peace of the bush at night, you are required to __________.A. meet at 7:30 p.m. June 6B. bring slippers with youC. prepare a torchD. climb rocks for two hours72. How many guided walks and nature activities provide food or drink?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.73. In the activity “Morning Walk at Mitchell Park”, one may have no chance to ___________.A.appreciate bird watchingB. enjoy mountain climbingC.take a relaxing walkD. have morning tea( C )ESP, Extra Sensory Perception, is a catch-all expression for the so-called ability of certain people to receive transmitted thoughts from others, to transmit their own thoughts, to see what will happen in the future or to be able to move objects from one place to another without physically touching them. These special people are called psychics. Some believe that we all have this ability to some degree but that most of us choose not to develop it.Many people are skeptical about ESP. Alongside the existence of documented evidence, there are plenty of claims that have turned out to be cheating. For most people, it is difficult to accept such claims without having had first hand experience. The lack of scientific evidence is another factor to take into account. On the other hand, most of us have, at some time, experienced a seemingly unexplainable occurrence; hearing the telephone ring and knowing who will be on the other end of the line or cases of coincidence that seem to be too extreme to be accidental.Over the years there have been numerous ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called “Extra-Sensory Perception” in which he claimed to have enorm ous evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to copy his results since, which has resulted in the book losing much of its original credibility and fame.The Ganzfield Experiments are considered to have been the most carefully examined ESP experiments. So-called psychics had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a “sender” attempted to transmit messages. Later the psychics would compare the messages received to the original messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time, but the research failed to produce convincing results.One of the strongest criticisms against ESP is that in order for it to exist, the fundamental laws of physics would necessarily have to be broken.Human beings are attracted to the whole range of supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate. This becomes clear when we see how much of the media is dedicated to the topic: magazines, journals, web sites, television and radio programs. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain: “The truth is out there! ”74. According to the 1st paragraph, a psychic can do the following EXCEPT __________.A. read what his parents are thinking aboutB. transmit one friend‟s thought to anotherC. predict what‟ll happen at tomorrow‟s meetingD. change the position of a chair without touching it75. The underlined word “skeptical” in the second paragraph can be replaced with __________.A. enthusiasticB. doubtfulC. particularD. curious76. What can be learned about the book “Extra–Sensory Perception” and“the Ganzfield E xperiments”?A. They both failed to prove the existence of ESP scientifically.B. They were both the products of casually-designed research.C. Others followed their examples and got the same consequences.D. The writer and the experiment operators lost their fame eventually.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Whether ESP exists.B. How ESP works.C. Who ESP attracts.D. Why ESP fails.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow‟s move into “sensory” marketing is the latest in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to he lp sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere” —using smells to influence consumer behavior. On Valentine‟s Day two years ago, the chain of chemist‟s Superdogscented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with love, ”said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that the detergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reason is because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent” and “coconut-scented sun cream” is used to showthat __________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?第II卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
宝山区2013学年第二学期期中教学质量诊断测试高三英语学科试卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题采用多项选择题形式，答案必须涂写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的试题，其答案必须写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号,并用铅笔在答题纸上正确涂写准考证号。
第I卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hair salon.C. At a tailor’s shop.D. At the cinema.2. A. Reading for relaxation. B. Going to a tea house.C. Going skiing.D. Flying kites.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Librarian and reader.C. Actor and actress.D. Waitress and customer.4. A. At 2:00. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:45. D. At 5:15.5. A. He’s capable of handling anything. B. He is a professional photographer.C. Cool weather makes perfect photos.D. The camera is easy to use.6. A. He has gone to visit his mother. B. He has asked for a sick leave.C. He has found a new job in Europe.D. He has done something wrong.7. A. They lived in the same neighbourhood. B. They went to the same college.C. He’s known Margie for a long time.D. It’s the first time he has met Margie.8. A. The nearest post office is next to the police station.B. The man is working in the office building.C. The man ought to get off at the next bus stop.D. The post office is two blocks away from the police station.9. A. He agrees on setting the bed.B. He wants to look for a place to live.C. He’d like to invite two friends to visit.D. He will change his phone number immediately.10. A. Both of them are sports fans.B. The man wants to buy a fan to cool down.C. There is a fan exhibition now.D. They’ll play a tennis game together.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Fewer than five minutes. B. Five to ten minutes.C. As long as possible.D. More than ten minutes.12. A. Fire your imagination.B. Get more economic profits.C. Show respect to the oldest family members.D. Recognize more family members.13. A. Make a welcome address. B. Create awards.C. Keep a family event memo.D. Print a Family Book.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A student in Deep Spring College. B. An editor of a magazine.C. A politician.D. A professor.15. A. Developing farming in desert.B. Carrying out a long-term project.C. Getting youths ready to serve people.D. Helping students make $50,000 per year.16. A. To attend a teaching show.B. To interview the Student Body members.C. To bring new energy to the college.D. To apply for teacher vacancies in the college.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I have to say that my mom is stricter than most parents, and I’m the kind of kid who has a lot of my own thoughts.I used to think that she’s just a picky person that likes to make things more difficult for me, so we once sat down and talked face to face trying to clarify every misunderstanding we have (25)__________ us. I (26)__________ (convince) and decided to change my attitude towards her. My mom told me that as we grow, she’s also growing, too. Every day, she learns something new about being a mom, and her knowledge of becoming a good mom gradually grows.(27)__________ time passes by, I began to realize that most of her rules, or should I say “point of view”, are really to protect us. We teenagers often think that parents are conservative (保守的), and they know nothing about us, but honestly, we’re actually still too young (28)__________ (know) what’s really best for us.Parents can be wrong sometimes because nobody’s perfect, and they may be just like my mom who is still on her way to (29)__________ (be) a perfect parent! So, to those who often argue with their parents like me: next time, when you really disagree with (30)__________ your parents say, stop and tell yourself that your parents would never try to do (31)__________ to harm you because they love you before you yell at them.Finally, I really want my mom to know how sorry I am for always yelling at her breaking her heart. I really do want to change because I love her just as much as she loves me.(B)When I was in junior high school, darkness began filling my mind. I don’t know the day or the reason why it began. All I know is that I started feeling hopeless and worthless. I hid in my room, (32)__________ (stare) out of the window, thinking about all my failures. I even questioned (33)__________ being alive was worthwhile. My dark mood wasn’t constant. It would fade at times, but it always returned.It was my parents that helped me identify the shadow (34)__________ hung over my life —depression. Depression is (35)__________ mental illness that drains your energy and prevents you from enjoying life. It can keep you from succeeding at school or work or from connecting with others. At its (36)__________ (bad), depression can even lead to suicide.When your mood is dark, how do you know whether you are depressed or just sad? Think about how long the feelings (37)__________ (last). If they have persisted for weeks or months, get help.No one (38)__________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone —a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —and tell them your feelings. Consider seeing a doctor or psychologist, if they are getting worse.When I was depressed, I was (39)__________ (embarrass) to tell anyone. I didn’t want to seem weak or needy. But when I told my friends, they supported and encouraged me.In fact, (40)__________ depression affects many people worldwide, treatments areavailable and can bring hope and joy back into their life.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of __41__ calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to __42__ food. They realize they shouldn’t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read __43__ carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods.Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape —is often high on the list of New Year’s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with __44__ equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise __45__. People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities __46__ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent __47__ three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the __48__ American gained eight pounds during the 1980’s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight.Still, by many __49__, Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government __50__ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realistic goal-setting generally produces the best results. That is partially __51__ it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and make more effort, to achieve those goals.What is far less understood by scientists, __52__, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting.Newspapers relay（转发）accounts of goal-setting in industries and businesses up and down both Wall Street and Main Street, yet there has been __53__ little research on how the practice of setting goals may have __54__ to the current economic crisis, and unethical (不道德) behavior in general.“Goals are widely used and promoted as having really beneficial effects. And yet, the same__55__ that can push people to make more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to __56__ unethical behaviors,” says Maurice Schweitzer, an associate professor at Penn’s Wharton School.“It turns out there’s no economic benefit to just having a goal — you just get a psychological benefit.” Schweitzer says. “But in many cases, goals have economic __57__ that make them more powerful.”A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues mention is the 2004 __58__ of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial encouragements to motivate salesmen to __59__ specific profit goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not __60__.Other studies have shown that __61__ employees with unrealistic goals can force them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case in the early 1990s when Sears __62__ a sales quota (配额) on its auto repair staff. It promoted employees to impose for work and to __63__ unnecessary repairs on a companywide basis.Schweitzer admits his research runs counter to (违背) a very large body of literature that __64__ the many benefits of goal-setting. Advocates of the practice have argued with his team’s use of such __65__ as news accounts to support his conclusion that goal-setting is widely over-recommended.51. A. though B. unless C. when D. because52. A. moreover B. furthermore C. however D. otherwise53. A. surprisingly B. generally C. particularly D. potentially54. A. objected B. contributed C. opposed D. tailored55. A. definition B. appreciation C. motivation D. expression56. A. engage in B. add to C. show off D. turn on57. A. risks B. problems C. expenses D. rewards58. A. claim B. collapse C. composition D. construction59. A. need B. meet C. kneel D. feel60. A. comfortable B. changeable C. favorable D. profitable61. A. tiring B. burdening C. inspiring D. leading62. A. overtake B. overlook C. overcharge D. overflow63. A. blame B. discover C. complete D. direct64. A. praises B. denies C. neglects D. excludes65. A. problem B. factor C. purpose D. evidenceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The owner of an Al abama Chinese restaurant named “Good Friend” shot at a customer who complained about a bug in her egg roll Thursday night. The bullet narrowly missed 20-year-old Birmingham resident Jatari Walker who told the Daily News she is scarred by the entire experience.“I can’t sleep,” she said Saturday afternoon. “And since it happened I’ve had no appetite.”Walker ordered a combination platter（大浅盘）and egg roll from the Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant on Dennison Ave. Thursday evening. After paying her $7 bill she went back to her car and discovered a fly inside. “I thought I need to take this back,” she said.The customer went back and asked for a repayment and said the owner Chun Hin Ching, 52, was unhappy with her because she announced her discovery in front of other customers. After an argument he repaid the money and Walker — who is now a former frequent customer of the business — turned and walked to the exit.That’s when Ching drew a handgun and fired a single shot over her head.“He just shot the gun at me and I ran,” she said, adding she could feel the bullet whiz past her head.Birmingham Police Department spokesman Lt. Sean Edwards told the News the owner was charged with attempted murder and was transported to Jefferson County Jail on $100,000 bail （保释金）.Police believe Ching intended to hit Walker with the bullet and missed, Edwards said. The bullet hit the top of the door frame of the take-out business.Ching did not tell police why he fired at Walker, Edwards said.Edwards said he did not recall any previous problems at the business. He said Ching did not say why he had a weapon but added it was not uncommon for stores in that neighborhood.No one was injured from the gunshot, Edwards said.Calls placed to the restaurant Saturday afternoon were not answered.66. What happened on Thursday night in Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant?A. A fire broke out but luckily no one was injured.B. The restaurant owner refused to repay the money.C. The egg rolls caused sickness among some customers.D. A young woman narrowly escaped being killed by a bullet.67. Why did Walker go back to the restaurant after buying the food?A. Because she left her car key in the restaurant.B. Because she discovered a fly in the egg roll.C. Because she forgot to take the combination platter.D. Because she found the owner charged her too much.68. The restaurant owner fired on Walker when ______.A. she was about to leaveB. she was arguing with himC. she asked for a repaymentD. she announced her discovery69. We can learn from the passage that ______.A. this is the first time for Walker to buy food from Good Friend RestaurantB. the owner was unhappy with the complaint and refused to repay the moneyC. it is common for a restaurant owner in that neighborhood to have a weaponD. if someone had been hit, Ching’d have been charged with attempted murder(B)Kompong Phhluk Private TourDepart the city for an unspoiled floating community calledKompong Phhluk which is astonishing for its stilted-house villages andflooded forest.Stop on the way for the Rolous Market tour. This is a great chancefor you to take the photos of locals selling vegetables, different fishspecies and other local produce.After this market tour we’ll all have a boat tr ip to the floatingcommunity of Kompong Phhluk, visit an island pagoda, school andhouses standing on 8 or 10m high stilts, fish farms and learn about thevillage life.Stop and have lunch in a family’s house before getting into a row boat and venturing into the flooded forest, the habitat to some famous water-bird species.Eventually we jump back into the big boat and set off for the largest fresh water lake in SE Asia, Tonle Sap.Tour Details·Departs 8.30am·Returns around 2pm·A picnic lunch with sandwiches and drinks is provided. We cannot provide local food from the area due to poor sanitation, lack of hygiene standards and refrigeration.·No passes requiredRates·These rates are based on an English speaking guide.·Rates include all transport, water and a picnic lunch.·Children 11 years and under are 50%.·Children 4 years and below are free.·If your group is larger than 5 people please email us for the best rate.Number of People Price Per Person1 Person $652 People $453 People $404 People $355 People $32What to Wear·Please be mindful of your clothing and try to avoid anything too revealing.·We strongly recommend a sunglasses, hat and sunscreen.General Informatio n·This is a poor rural village, please be mindful of the environment.·Please do not hand things out to villagers, for this contributes to creating a begging cycleand can create jealousy.·We recommend heading to the toilet before you go on this trip as facilities are very basic.70. Kompong Phhluk is famous for its ______.A. local vegetables and different fish speciesB. stilted-house villages and flooded forestC. Rolous Market and island pagodaD. water-bird habitat and fish farms71. A private trip for two parents and a 3-year-old boy costs ______.A. $40B. $80C. $90D. $12072. Which of the following is not included in the rates?A. A tourist guide.B. Transport.C. Drinks.D. Local food.73. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the living standard in the village is quite lowB. the tourist facilities along the way are quite goodC. revealing clothes are appropriate in the hot weatherD. giving local children small gifts is strongly recommended(C)People are more likely to lie or cheat during the afternoon because self control reduces during the day, according to researchers.Volunteers taking part in two experiments where they could benefit by cheating were more likely to do so if the tests took place after midday, researchers found.The findings back up previous studies which have shown that our capacity for self-control declines during the day, due to tiredness and repeatedly making decisions.Psychologists from Harvard University first showed a group of volunteers various patterns of dots on a computer screen, asking them to decide whether there were more dots on the left or the right hand side.Instead of being rewarded for getting the answer right, the participants were paid based on which side they chose, earning ten times as much for choosing the right hand side as the left.People who were tested after midday were significantly more likely to select the right hand side, even if there were clearly more dots on the left, than those who took part during the morning.In a second test, participants were shown a series of word fragments, such as “—ral” and “e—c—” and asked which words they associated with them.In morning experiments, participants were more likely to form the words “moral”and “ethical” while during the afternoon the words “coral” and “effects” were most common.Further tests conducted online showed that people were more likely to send dishonest messages or claim to have solved an unsolvable problem in the afternoon than in the morning.Writing the Psychological Science journal, the researchers said the difference was particularly pronounced in people with higher ethical standards, who always behaved morally during the morning but slipped during the afternoon.In contrast, those who were able to “morally disengage”, or behave unethically without feeling guilty, tended to cheat whatever the time of day.Dr. Maryam Kouchaki, one of the lead authors, said: “Unfortunately, the most honest people, such as those less likely to morally disengage, may be the most susceptible (易受影响的) to the negative consequences associated with the morning morality effect.”The findings could be relevant to organizations that should be more alert about the behavior of customers and employees during the afternoon, she added. “Our findings suggest that mere time of day can lead to a systematic failure of good people to act morally.”74. Volunteers can get more money when they ______.A. gave the correct answerB. chose the right hand sideC. chose the left hand sideD. remembered the patterns of dots75. Why are participants less likely to form words like “ethical”, “moral” in the afternoon?A. Because their vocabulary becomes smaller.B. Because they are unwilling to tell the truth.C. Because the words are the voice of their heart.D. Because self control declines after midday.76. The underlined word “pronounced” ( in paragraph 10 ) is closest in meaning to ______.A. dominatedB. announcedC. markedD. exposed77. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The finding especially applies to those who behave ethically.B. Mere time of day can lead to systematic failure of organizations.C. The finding doesn’t agree with that of previous studies.D. People who act morally feel guilty after telling a lie.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Not for the first time, Paul Mathis wants us to change. But this time he isn’t trying to get us to go vegetarian, or dine only on locally grown ingredients. This time he’s trying to get us to type differently.Paul Mathis, a restaurateur from Melbourne who owns a string of dining establishments, has designed the letter “Ћ”— representing the word “the”. Now he is pushing Apple to allow him to promote his app, which features the new character, in its iTunes store.In a move to branch out of the food business, Paul has invested AUS $38,000 (£23,500) in the new app, but has so far been rejected by Apple. He is hoping he can change their mind, pointing out that reducing the word “the”— the most used word in the English language — to one character would be helpful for Twitter and swift typing.“Is this important?” he said, in an interview with The Sydney Morning Herald. “No. Is this going to change the world? Not really. But is it something that might be useful for people? I think so, because it can save people lots of time on keyboard.”“The word ‘and’ is only the fifth-most used word in English and it has its own symbol — the ampersand ‘&’,” said Mr. Mathis. “Isn’t it time we gave the same respect to ‘the’?”The top five most commonly used words in the English language are said to be: the, be, to, of, and “and”. The ampersand “&”has at times been used as the 27th letter of the Englishalphabet.Paul has developed the typography — effectively an upper-case “T” and a lower-case “h”bunched together so they share the upright stem —and by allowing users to download an entirely new electronic keyboard complete not just with his symbol but also a row of keys of 15 most frequently typed words.So far, though, the take-up has been minimal. But that might change if he can get his innovation into Apple’s app store. The problem is, the Californian tech giant has so far resisted his advances. But who knows —maybe in 500 years’ time people will be amazed that there was a time when we didn’t use ‘Ћ’.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS) 78. What is Paul Mathis?__________________________________________________________________________ 79. Paul designs the new letter “Ћ”to represent the word “the”because he thinks__________________________________________________________________________.80. The main difference between the new and the old electronic keyboard is that the new one__________________________________________________________________________.81. How can Paul attract more people to download his new keyboard?__________________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不管你相信不相信，善于倾听并采纳别人的意见是明智的。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【阅读回答问题】（1）虹口“There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents.Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings attached. Besides, a high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many students now attend local schools.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It is ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times —and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He neve r liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends? houses.”It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. Nevertheless, it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. What?s t he most important reason for young adults? returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________.80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco?s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and their parents to avoid lengthy homecomings.（2）黄浦Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow?s move into “sensory” marketing is the latest in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to help sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere” —using smell s to influence consumer behavior. On Valentine?sDay two years ago, the chain of chemist?s Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with l ove, ” said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that thedetergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reason is because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent” and “coconut-scented sun cream” is used to show that__________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?（3）静杨青宝Not for the first time, Paul Mathis wants us to change. But this time he isn?t trying to get us to go vegetarian, or dine only on locally grown ingredients. This time he?s trying to get us to type differently.Paul Mathis, a restaurateur from Melbourne who owns a string of dining establishments, has designed the letter “?” —representing the word “the”. Now he is pushing Apple to allow him to promote his app, which features the new character, in its iTunes store.In a move to branch out of the food business, Paul has invested AUS $38,000 (￡23,500) in the new app, but has so far been rejected by Apple. He is hoping he can change their mind, pointing out that reducing the word “the” — the most used word in the English language —to one character would be helpful for Twitter and swift typing.“Is this important?” he said, in an interview with The Sydney Morning Herald. “No. Is this going to change the world? Not really. But is it something that might be useful for people? I think so, because it can sa ve people lots of time on keyboard.”“The word …and? is only the fifth-most used word in English and it has its own symbol —the ampersand …&?,” said Mr. Mathis. “Isn?t it time we gave the same respect to …the??”The top five most commonly used words in the English language are said to be: the, be, to, of, and “and”. The ampersand “&” has at times been used as the 27th letter of the English alphabet.Paul has developed the typography — effectively an upper-case “T” and a lower-case “h” bunc hed together so they share the upright stem — and an app that puts it in everyone?s hand by allowing users to download an entirely new electronic keyboard complete not just with his symbol but also a row of keys of 15 most frequently typed words.So far, though, the take-up has been minimal. But that might change if he can get his innovation into Apple?s app store. The problem is, the Californian tech giant has so far resisted his advances. But who knows — maybe in 500 years? time people will be amazed that there was a tim e when we didn?t use …??.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78. What is Paul Mathis?________________________________________________________________ __________79. Paul designs the new letter “?” to repres ent the word “the” because he thinks________________________________________________________________ __________.80. The main difference between the new and the old electronic keyboard is that the new one________________________________________________________________ __________.81. How can Paul attract more people to download his new keyboard?________________________________________________________________ __________(4)浦东Now many people strive to be a follower of the LOHAS movement. LOHAS means “lifestyles of health and sustainability.” This term was coined in 2000 by two American scholars.Loha sians believe in leading a healthy lifestyle that is actively involved in preserving the earth?s environment and resources. According to Lohasians, respect for on?e own mental and physical health should exist in parallel with care for the earth?s ecology. They believe their actions, in this way, can have a positive effect on our global environment, and might be able to minimize the negative effects of people?s mindless and selfish consumption.Take organic foods for example. Lohasians prefer them,not only because they are chemical-free and good for the human body, but also because they are cultivated using natural fertilizers, which do not harm the soil. Even more Lohasians turn to locally grown produce, the transportation of which consumes far less than that of imported goods. As global warming has become a universal concern, Lohasians are anxious to find ways to cut down on energy consumption.Indeed, Lohasians are always considering the long-term impact of their behavior on the planet. As more consumers are adopting LOHAS values, this growing trend has dawned on the corporate world and they begin to practice responsible capitalism, which means providing goods and services using environmentally friendly and economically sustainable business practices. For instance, Coca-Cola?s effo rts in the area of sustainable packaging focus mainly on “using and reduce itsimpact on the environment. As a result, the company saved 89,000 metric tons of glass in 2007 alone, and, therefore, reduced carbon dioxide emissions to a level equivalent to that of the planting of more than 13,000 acres of trees.Clearly, LOHAS values have become a significant trend in the world today. Individ ual or corporate “cultural creatives”are promoting these values by challenging old traditions and habits, and building new lifestyles. Although whether these practices will bring immediate benefits to the environment and the health of people today remains unknown, Lohasians are confident that these practices will benefit their children and future generations. All individuals should evolve into Lohasians and take action to save the planet, before it is too late.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Lohasians are convinced that through their responsible actions, _____________________ might be reduced toa minimum.79. Why is locally grown produce favoured by Lohasians?80. Consumers? growing trend of LOHAS values has inspired companies to _____________________________ __________.81. In terms of their practices, Lohasians are not sure of _____________________________________________.(5) 普陀All of us exist in …bodies? of different shapes, heights, colors and physical abilities. The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people?s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.Poorer people are more likely to eat …unhealthy? food s, tosmoke cigarettes and to be employed in physically difficult work or the opposite: boring, inactive employment. Moreover, their housing conditions and neighbourhoods tend to be worse. All of these factors impact upon the condition of a person?s health: the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.These social factors are also closely linked to emotional wellbeing. People with low or no incomes are morelikely to have mental health problems. It is not clear, however, whether poverty causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around. For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.There are other types of social factors too. Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgments matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical context. In fact, the culture of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies enormously. Currently, for example, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. In most societies the ideal body shape for a woman was a …full figure?, while in middle-aged man, a large stomach indicated that they were financially successful in life.Sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms. The physical body and what we seek to do with it change over time and society. This has important implications for medicine and ideas of health. Thus, the idea of people being …overweight?is physically related to large amounts of processed food, together with lack of exercise, and is therefore a medical issue. However, it has also become a mental health issue and social problem as a result of people coming to define this particular body shape as …wrong? and unhealthy.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Besides social factors, what are the other two reasons for differences in bodies?79. The social factors are likely to have a great effect on people?s ______ and ______.80. Valuations of body shapes change with ______.81. The “This” in the last paragraph refers to ______.（6）徐汇松江金山Space Travel and Science FictionSpace travel and science fiction have long been connected. Early science fiction writers such as Jules Verne inspired scientists and engineers to develop new space technologies. Writers of science fiction, as well as creators of science fiction TV shows and movies, often study the latest scientific concepts and use or adapt them to help expose what future space travel, space ships, and space stations might look like. And while many of their predictions have come true, many others have not.Jules Verne (1828-1905) was a French author. He was a pioneer of science fiction. In his novels From the Earth to the Moon(1865) and Around the Moon(1870), a kind of space ship is fired from a 900-foot-long cannon(大炮) at the moon. On their journey, the three travelers are deprived of gravity at one point and float around their small ship. When landing on the moon, rockets are used to slow the ship down.Given the year in which he was writing, Verne?s predictions were v ery good. The size of his space ship is about the size of the first one to go to the moon, the Apollo, minus its large rockets. Both Verne?s ship and the Apollo carried three people into space. Furthermore, rockets were indeed used by the Apollo to slow its descent. However, Verne?s ship, by analogy(相似) with a gun, shot his travelers into space, which never could have worked. The intense pressure of such an event would cause great physiological damage to the crew.During the first half of the 20th century, science fiction novels and comic books were widely distributed in the United States. Their portrayal(描写) of space travel was less far-fetched than Verne?s. Pictures began showing astronauts in space suits, as writers realized that exposure of human beings to space was deadly. Ideas of other planets were still often wrong, though. A 1928 drawing of the surface of a moon of the planet Jupiter shows it covered in plant life. Only later was it discovered that other than Earth, the planets and moons around our sun are without life as we know it. Drawings in the early 20th century showed very large space ships and stations. They were like floating cities. Writers at the time knew that trips to other stars would take hundreds of years. Those who left Earth would die on the journey; their descendants would arrive. Some writers avoided this problem by usingthe concept of suspended animation—a deep sleep in which a person doesn't grow older. Such travelers would awaken at the end of their journey, hundreds of years in the future. It is not impossible that these ideas could become reality one day.After the American space program had begun, the television show Star Trek became very popular. It follows the adventures ofa large space ship with over 400 crew members that flies around the universe at speeds faster than light. This is a wonderful dream, but it will probably never come to fulfillment. The laws of physics tell us that it is quite impossible for any object to travel faster than the speed of light.It?s clear to see that science fiction has progressed along with science and technology. Science fiction writers continue to study scientific concepts and to use them to portray the future. Looking back at their ideas, some were correct and cannot be distinguished from today?s reality; many others were nothing but fiction. But, they have always inspired new generations of humans to dream of someday going into space.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Twelve Words.)78.According to the passage, what did early science fiction writers do to help reveal what future space travelmight look like?79.If the modern spaceship were shot into space by analogy with a gun, the astronauts in it would___________________________.80.The space travelers in early science fictions didn?t wear space suits, because___________________________________________________.81.According to the passage, suspended animation was a concept used in science fiction to_______________________________（7）闸北In North America, the Colorado（科罗拉多）River is a legend. It has sustained generations of people and many generations of wildlife. Once free, the Colorado now has many dams along its1,450 miles. Its life-giving water is divided up among seven U.S. states according to several agreements, which has caused the heaviest hit on the eco-balance of the river as no region would lose advantages compared with neighbours in the use of the river, thus inappropriate use was well expected.The Colorado once supported a vast delta（三角洲）where it met the Gulf of California. T oday the lush plantations are just memories, displaced by invasive species capable of surviving in soils poisoned by salt. The drying of the delta has huge effect on the local people. As many as 5,000 people were living in the delta 400 years ago. Today, about 300 remain. There is a delta culture at risk of extinction, partly owing to outside job opportunities and marital mobility. However, the worsening living environment caused partly by horrible grab of the waters of the Colorado River has beaten all the other reasons.It?s easy to blame farmers along the Colorado for drawing waters from its channel to water their crops or quench the thirst of their cows. They are immediate consumers of water from the Colorado, but the truth is that we, ordinary American consumers, are all at least partially responsible. Many of us have bought products that come from the region, whether in the form of paper, hamburgers, or electronics. We live in an increasingly connected world, in which we take up “virtual water” in the form of products and even services. In the U.S., we use twice as much water per person as the global average.Though it may seem to work in the short term, we can barely fix the Colorado by piping water from another place. But change is urgent. Use a water calculator to see how much water you use every day. Pay special attention to saving every drop of water hidden in your diet and wardrobe. And keep away from life stylesthat might waste water. In all, try to form a water-efficient habit.Besides, technology improvement will also be explored to make change happen in the rescue efforts. These technologies include methods to increase farming efficiency, and ways to replace invasive, water-sucking plants with native species.Anyway, it?s time we humans rose up and repaid the mother river that has long been nurturing us.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the biggest factor to damage the Colorado nature?79. The major reason of the Delta culture disappearance is _____.80. Who are the two groups of people to blame for Colorado water shortage?81. Two ways to turn around the Colorado situation are to ______.（8）长宁嘉定For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels (嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option tothe masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile(瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home?s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won?t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company?s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building?s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners? rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech?s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?（9）崇明How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the usual situation for many people.You probably don?t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health —from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity (肥胖) in the long term, to reduced cholesterol (胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the pressure on your neck and spine (脊柱).To make matters worse, a growing body of research suggests that the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet and regular exercise, according to an article in The New York Times. Thearticle reported that a study of nearly 9, 000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day, the risk of dying rose by 11 percent. In other words, sitting is killing us.Stand up for health. Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting. They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day. The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood, and when they sat around. When they looked at the data, there were some striking differences. Blood sugar became level after a meal much quicker on the days when the volunteers in the study stood compared with the days they spent in a chair. Standing alsoburned more calories (热量单位：卡路里)—about 50 calories an hour. Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30, 000 extra calories, or around 3.63 kilograms of fat.John Buckley, a member of the research team, said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost imperceptible (感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides. Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control.The researchers believe that even small adjustments, like standing while talking on the phone, going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail, or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator, will help.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Accordi ng to the context, the underlined expression “be countered with” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”.79. The two findings of the simple experiment conducted by the BBC and the University of Chester in the UK arethat standing _________.80. Why is standing better than doing exercise according to John Buckley?81. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?(10) 奉贤Do you melt at the creaminess of full-fat yogurt? Well, chances are you?ve been told to resist the temptation if you?re on a diet. The reason behind this seems pretty straightforward: The extra calories packed into the fat are bad for our waistlines.But what if dairy fat isn?t the dietary evil we believe it is? Infact, two recent studies have concluded that the consumption of whole-fat dairy is linked to reduced body fat.In one paper, published by Swedish researchers in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, middle-aged men who consumed high-fat milk, butter and cream were significantly less likely to become too fat over a period of 12 years compared with men who never or rarely ate high-fat dairy.The second study, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, is an analysis of 16 other studies. There has been an assumption that high-fat dairy foods contribute to overweight, but the reviewers concluded that the evidence does not support this assumption. In fact, the reviewers found that in most of the studies, high-fat dairy was associated with a lower risk of overweight.It?s not clear what might explain this phen omenon. Some researchers point to the satiety (饱腹感) factor. The higher levels of fat in whole milk products may make us feel fuller, faster. And as a result, the thinking goes, we may end up eating less.Or the explanation could be more complex. “There ma y be bioactive substances in the milk fat that may be altering our metabolism (新陈代谢) in a way that helps us use the fat and burn it for energy, rather than storing it in our bodies,” says Greg Miller, executive vice president of America?s National Dairy Cou ncil.Whatever the mechanism, this association between higher dairy fat and lower body weight appears to hold up in children, too. And in addition to the body weight association, whole milk contains beneficial omega3 fatty acids.However, some people should still avoid consuming too much whole-milk dairy products. These products are relativelyhigh in saturated fat (饱和脂肪), and eating too much saturated fat can increase the risk of heart disease. So many experts agree that adults with high cholesterol (胆固醇) should continue to limit dairy fat.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Why are dieters told to stay away from full-fat dairy products?_____________________________________________________________.79. Both studies came to the same conclusion that _____________.80. Besides the satiety factor, what might help explain the new findings?______________________________________________________________.81. Experts still agree that full-fat dairy products may not be good for those who _____________.(11)闵行By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it?s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven?t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually indicates a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally。
黄浦区2024年高考模拟考英语试卷（完成试卷时间：120分钟总分：140分）2024年4月第I卷（共100分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Doctor and patient. B.Teacher and student.C.Policeman and thief.D.Husband and wife.2. A.At the airport. B.At a subway station.C.At the school gate.D.At a bus stop.3. A.Cleaning the square. B.Drinking a toast.C.Moving the table.D.Taking photos.4. A.Excited. B.Satisfied. C.Shocked. D.Uninterested.5. A.It’s tiny and warm. B.It excites her whenever she walks in.C.It’s too big for one person.D.It is not that satisfactory.6. A.He wanted to have a more profitable career.B.He was not fit enough as a basketballer then.C.A basketball career typically did not last long.D.It was common for basketballers to change careers.7. A.Her manager sat next to her at the meeting.B.Her manager didn’t praise her at the meeting.C.The man self-evaluated his annual performance.D.The man didn’t attend the evaluation meeting at all.8. A.The man feels energetic after the interview.B.The man regards the woman as a good listener.C.The woman wants to try something beyond her capacity.D.The woman is willing to begin from the entry-level position.9. A.To witness the development of a city. B.To tap her potential well.C.To contribute noticeably to a city.D.To do research on materials.10. A.Which countries are similar? B.How to fix things?C.How to keep fit?D.Who are facing these problems?Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages.After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions.The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through14are based on the following conversation.11. A.Healthy diets. B.Good sleep quality.C.Cost efficiency.D.Sense of safety.12. A.They are equipped with computers. B.They are technology-supported.C.They can keep weather records.D.They have several electricity panels.13. A.Delivering food to those who need it.B.Taking friends anywhere in the world.C.Streaming videos of their new way of life.D.Meeting the basic needs of people in remote areas.14. A.It is acceptable. B.It is expensive.C.It is out of date.D.It is problematic.Questions15through17are based on the following passage.15. A.Being generous. B.Listing household duties.C.Following the roommate’s advice.D.Establishing rules.16. A.To push him or her to clean it next time. B.To prevent friction.C.To go through a hard time gracefully.D.To show your kindness.17. A.Doing time machine experiments is unsafe.B.Nobody can bear the loud sound at late night.munication is key to living together in peace.D.It is better to keep awkward experiences as a secret.Questions18through20are based on the following passage.18. A.Why we need to write down our plans.B.Why some tasks or responsibilities matter.C.Why it is necessary to spare time for handwriting.D.Why we should let go of some unimportant things.19. A.Be more motivated at work.B.Reconsider the value of a task.C.Fulfill our commitment to the community.D.Raise our awareness of social responsibility.20. A.Giving them up. B.Assigning them to others.C.Typing them down.D.Adding to their meaningfulness.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your HealthSpend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward.One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections__21__(absorb)in a device.That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention.It also changes your mood,your manner of walking and etc.—and affects your ability to get from point A to point B__22__running into trouble.When you walk and use a phone at the same time,you automatically adjust__23__you move.Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about10percent slower than those undistracted ones.These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk.And__24__walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity,walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force__25__(place)on the neck and upper back muscles,which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health.It appears that__26__(get) these benefits,it’s important that your attention is on the environment,rather than on your phone.Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky.Some cities,like Honolulu,__27__(pass)laws to control distracted walkers.But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises.One study has looked at the connection between“phone-related distracted walking”and emergency department ing government data__28__(extend)over the years2011to2019,the researchers turned up nearly30,000walking injuries occasioned by phones.If you’re distracted by a phone,you’re definitely putting__29__at some risk.So how do you stay safe?If you do walk and use your device at the same time,stop when you’re around stairs,crosswalks and messy or uneven ground,__30__ accidents are more likely to occur.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.convincingB.disinformationC.hazardsD.illogicalE.maintainF.previewG.publicly H.racing I.response J.speed K.seeminglyOpenAI Unveils A.I.that Instantly Generates Eye-Popping VideosLast April,a New York start-up called Runway AI revealed technology that let people generate videos.The four-second videos were shadowy and disturbing.But they were a clear sign that artificial intelligence technologies would generate increasingly__31__videos sooner.Just10months later,OpenAI has revealed a similar system,Sora,that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.OpenAI is among the many companies__32__to improve this kind of instant video generator.The technology could __33__the work of experienced moviemakers.It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online__34__, making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet.In an interview,the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public because it was still working to understand the system’s__35__.The intention here is to give a(n)__36__of what is likely to happen soon,so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.Like other generative A.I.technologies,OpenAI’s system learns by analyzing digital data—in this case,videos and subtitles describing what those videos contain.OpenAI declined to say how many videos the system learned from or where they came from,except to say the training included both__37__available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders.The company says little about the data used to train its technologies,most likely because it wants to __38__an advantage over competitors.Sora generates videos in__39__to short descriptions.Though the videos can be impressive,they may include strange and__40__images.The system,for example,recently generated a video of someone eating a cookie—but the cookie never got any smaller.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.My father decided to start learning French when he was57.On the surface,his retirement hobby seems a little random —our family has no connection to French-speaking countries—but his__41__ran deeper than a passion for cakes.My grandmother developed signs of Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔兹海默症)in her early70s,and studies suggest that being bilingual,that is,being able to speak two languages equally well,can__42__the start of the condition by up to five years. Drawn by that__43__benefit,many people have attempted to pick up a new language in adulthood.Lots of activities are linked to better brain health in old age,like getting more education when you’re younger and physical activity.Experts say regularly speaking multiple languages may be especially__44__though.“We use language in all aspects of daily life,so a bilingual brain is__45__working,”said Mark Antoniou,a professor at Western Sydney University who specializes in bilingualism.The age at which you learn another language appears to be less important than how__46__you speak it.The cognitive (认知的)benefit is from having to__47__your mother tongue,which your brain is forced to do if you’re trying to recall the right words in another language.So if the second language is used a lot,you’re getting that cognitive__48__.That process is called cognitive inhibition.In theory,by improving these types of processes,the brain becomes stronger to the __49__caused by diseases like dementia.The stronger your mental power,the thinking goes,the longer you can function normally,even if your brain health starts to__50__.However,evidence for the benefits of learning a second language as a hobby in your60s is__51__.Research by Dr. Antoniou and colleagues found that while Chinese adults60and up improved on cognition tests after a six-month language learning program,people who played games like Sudoku did as well.Two more recent studies on the topic found virtually no__52__in cognitive performance after people took part in language-learning programs.The scientists who conducted those studies offered a few potential__53__.One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers,who may have already been at peak performance for their age,making it hard to see any__54__. Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short.The handful of studies looking into the issue have used language lessons that were very different in their__55__and frequency.Some studies taught participants for eight months, others for just one very intense week.41. A.affection B.contribution C.motivation D.struggle42. A.delay B.prevent C.signal D.stimulate43. A.additional cational sting D.potential44. A.beneficial mon C.impractical D.rare45. A.carelessly B.constantly C.creatively D.delicately46. A.long B.often C.soon D.well47. mand B.practice C.restrict D.spread48. A.function B.psychology C.system D.training49. A.damages B.operations C.pains D.signs50. A.decline B.improve C.matter D.restore51. A.available B.mounting C.stronger D.weaker52. A.difference B.involvement C.point D.reduction53. A.applications B.explanations C.findings D.suggestions54. A.diversities B.improvements C.outcomes D.possibilities55. A.content B.intention C.length D.requirementSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)My son,Ben,died when he was23.The year after his death,I hiked48of the state’s tallest mountains in his memory. Every step,path and peak has been a way to restore.About a month after his death,my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight,sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs.Standing on the peak,I looked out across the mountains my son loved.For a moment,the heavy blow brought about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse,and I could breathe.The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke.Then Mount Cannon,Mount Flume,Mount Liberty and so on.It was a series of firsts,of struggles and overcoming them—climbing at night,climbing slides and rocks,camping alone, finding paths and planning routes.Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death,I hiked my48th and final peak:Mount Carrigain.As I stood on the observation platform at the peak,I found the essential truth I had been grasping to express for months:The only place that feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain,looking out into forever.These days,I hike not to hide,but to seek.I find Ben,but I also find myself:someone broken,now braver and more capable.The forced isolation of sorrow becomes the welcome loneliness of the path;the peace of nature replaces the pain of loss.Hiking is both exhausting and exciting,and it teaches us that sorrow and joy can coexist.But there’s another,possibly more important truth:A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world;a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect.The internal journey of sorrow mixes with our steps,and we find comfort along the way.56.How did the writer feel after climbing Carter Dome and Mount Hight?A.Doubtful.B.Relieved.C.Sad.D.Terrified.57.After hiking the48peaks,the writer learned that__________.A.it was possible to live with both sorrow and joyB.it was the isolation of sorrow that exhausted herC.only by overcoming struggles could one surviveD.the peaks were proper places to remember someone58.What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?A.Walking works best for those in sorrow.B.We can plan our internal journey as intended.C.What counts is to make peace with ourselves.D.People tend to hike in parks to seek comfort.59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The Heavy Steps That Led Me To PeaksB.The Mountains That Held My SorrowC.The Journeys That Frustrated MeD.The First Struggles That Empowered Me(B)FAQs on preparing your ApplicationQ:Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening(JO)?A:Yes.Naturally,a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO,but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position. Q:What’s the difference between duties and achievements?A:Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job.They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs.In other words,it is the“what you do”of your job.Achievements describe in specific terms“how well”you did in your job.Q:Many of my achievements are team-based,how do I draft them in my Application?A:You should include your team-based achievements in your Application.Indicate that you were part of a team,and describe your specific role in reaching the goal.FAQs on general Application guidelinesQ:Can I save my Application?A:Yes.You should save your Application when you make changes and/or update it.It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying.Q:Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO?A:Yes.Each time you apply for a new JO,we recommend that you review your Application and update it,if appropriate,or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO.Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.Q:Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application?A:No.In fact,doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application.Unless you have an enormous range of experiences,there is no reason to use up all the space given.Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.60.Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements?A.I’ve developed various interests,ranging from oil painting to designing model.B.I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market.C.I’m in charge of the clearance,production and distribution of information material.D.I succeeded in directing a video presentation,assisting our group to win the first prize.61.If you want to apply for another JO,you’d better__________.A.target your focus on your interest in the JOB.save your latest application in Word formatC.prepare one application with all your competenciesD.update your application to match new requirements62.Applicants are expected to__________in their applications.A.introduce what JOs they have previously applied toB.list the greatest achievements they have made in detailC.give key information about their experiences and achievementsD.provide the results of their tests,assessments and examinations(C)In the past,jobs were about muscles.Now they’re about brains,but in the future,they’ll be about t h e h e a r t.–M i n o u c h e S h a f i k,t h e p r e s i d e n t o f C o l u m b i a U n i v e r s i t y LinkedIn researchers recently looked at which skills any given job requires and then identified over500likely to be affected by generative A.I.technologies.They then estimated that96percent of a software engineer’s current skills—mainly in programming languages—can eventually be possessed by A.I.Skills associated with jobs like legal associates and finance officers will also be highly exposed.In fact,given the broad impact A.I.is set to have,it is quite likely to affect all of our work to some degree or another.Circling around this research is the big question emerging across so many conversations about A.I.and work,namely: What are our core capabilities as humans?If we answer this question from a place of fear about what’s left for people in the age of A.I.,we can end up admitting a diminished view of human capability.Instead,it’s critical for us all to start from a place that imagines what’s possible for humans in the age of A.I.When we do that,we find ourselves focusing quickly on people skills that allow us to cooperate and innovate in ways technology can intensify but never replace.A recent Jobs for the Future survey found that78percent of the10top-employing occupations classified uniquely human skills and tasks as“important”or“very important.”These,commonly referred to as soft skills,include building interpersonal relationships,negotiating between parties and guiding and motivating teams.Now is the time for leaders,across departments,to develop new ways for students to learn that are more directly tied to where our economy is going,not where it has been.Critically,that involves bringing the same level of preciseness to training around people skills that we have brought to technical skills.Ultimately,for our society,this comes down to whether we believe in the potential of humans with as much belief as we believe in the potential of A.I.If we do,it is entirely possible to build a world of work that not only is more human but also is a place where all people are valued for the unique skills we have,enabling us to deliver new levels of human achievement across so many areas that affect all of our lives.63.According to LinkedIn’s recent research,__________.A.soft engineers are required to identify500languagesB.A.I.will replace humans in jobs requiring certain skillsC.we humans underestimate the impact A.I.is set to haveD.A.I.technologies are to influence research to some degree64.Which of the following is“a diminished view of human capability”(paragraph3)?A.Humans are losing control of the world.B.Technology intensifies humans’cooperation.C.Humans outsmart A.I in terms of critical thinking.D.A.I.and humans are similar in their ability to innovate.65.Leaders in different departments are advised to__________.A.teach students unique technical skillsB.develop students’soft skills for their futureC.remind students where our economy is goingD.build healthy interpersonal relationships with students66.According to the writer,what is the core factor of human development?A.Practical value set on skills.B.Firm belief about A.I.technologies.C.Decisive effects brought by A.I.D.Confidence in our potential.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The number of visitors hit100,000for the first time this tourist season,a40%jump over theprevious record.B.The Antarctic is at risk not just because of the breakability of its environment,but due to the lackof a single governing body.C.Should landings be made at a larger number of sites for instance,or should we aim to keep thehuman footprint as small as possible?D.If what you really want is to connect with snow and ice and you’re in the northern half,can youcatch a train to the nearest snow region instead?E.The average per-person carbon emissions for an Antarctic tourist are3.76tonnes–about thetotal sum that an individual typically generates in an entire year.F.There is so little regulation now that almost anything that will protect the areas by an officiallegal source rather than self-regulated would be really positive.Antarctic Tourism:Should We Just Say No?More people are visiting Antarctic,the frozen continent than ever before.__67__This has brought a new urgency to the question of how much,if any,tourism should be allowed on the icy continent.The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem.__68__One study calculated that each tourist between2016and2020was effectively melting around83tonnes of snow,due largely toemissions from vacation ships.__69__The Antarctic Treaty,established in1961to provide governance for the continent,operates on a consultative basis,which means all56parties have to agree before a change can be put into action.The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in2009that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than500passengers from making landings.That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.There is clear agreement that something needs to change,but no agreement on what those changes should be.__70__ IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than60 e your own words as far as possible.It Takes at Least200Hours to Make a Close Friendship,and More to Maintain It Many of us worry that we don’t put in enough time to maintain close friendships.But how much is enough? Unfortunately,there’s no magic formula(公式)for how much time you need to spend on your friends to keep them.Each friendship and friend are unique and develops or ends depending on how we interact.Forming a friendship in the first place takes a certain number of hours of being together.We need between40and60 hours together for a person we know slightly to become a casual friend.In order to move from casual friends to close friends,we need to spend an additional140to160hours together for a total of about200hours.However,deeper interactions can quicken that timeline.We can form a close bond in less than200hours with meaningful conversations.Contrarily,spending200hours together doesn’t necessarily mean a person will become a close friend.They have to want to be your friends.Some co-workers can spend300hours together and never become close friends.When it comes to maintaining friendships,it’s not just the number of hours spent together,but what we do that matters. Engaging in passive activity with friends—like watching a TV series—is fun and enjoyable,but it doesn’t do as much to maintain friendship as having deep conversations,sharing feelings,and being a good listener.And routinely checking in with people we choose to connect with,through calls and texts or in person,helps maintain relationships and leads to higher scores of positive feelings,like happiness.The key point is that sharing things about ourselves can lead to close friendships.Once that closeness is established, some ways to maintain closeness are supporting friends when things go wrong for them and celebrating their achievements.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.点击此处可获取更多信息。
黄浦区2014年九年级学业考试模拟考（二模）英语试卷2014年4月10日（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part1Listening（第一部分听力）I．Listening Comprehension（听力理解）：（共30分）A.Listen and choose the right picture(根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片)(6分)A B C DE F G H1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)(8分)7．A)A ship and a car.B)A shirt and a card.C)A sheep and a clock.D)A shirt and a coat.8．A)At10:00a.m.B)At9:00p.m.C)At8:00p.m.D)At9:00a.m. 9．A)He is short.B)He is fat.C)He is thin.D)He is tall.10．A)In the bookstore.B)At home.C)In the library.D)On the street. 11．A)Because it’s dull.B)Because it’s too difficult.C)Because it’s useless.D)Because it’s special.12．A)She feels worried.B)She feels excited.C)She feels great.D)She feels angry.13．A)Jane is on business.B)Tim is at home.C)Jane is complaining.D)Tim loves Jane.14．A)He likes home.B)He doesn’t want to go to school.C)He wants an umbrella.D)He is afraid of storms.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示。
上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三英语下学期4月二模考试试题（嘉定二模）（扫描版）牛津上海版2014年高三英语教学质量检测卷答案第I卷I. Listening Comprehension1-5 CADBB 6-10 CADBD 11-13 DCC 14-16 AAC17. Secretary 18. Spanish 19. Fluently 20. Tuesday21. Forty/ 40 22.fixing (a little)/ to be fixed23. potatoes and carrots 24. a positive opinion/ attitudeII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. weeping 26. to conceal 27. as if 28. whom29. in 30. his 31. (the) most reliable 32. a33. how 34. arrested 35. had been shown 36. what37. are guarding 38. coming 39. had to 40. before41-45 F G K D J 46-50 I H B A EIII. Reading Comprehension51-55 DCBBA 56-60 ABADC 61-65 BDCDC66-69 CABB 70-73 DCCA 74-77 DCBD78. collecting solar energy and changing it into electricity79. Partnering with a company for installation and servicing/ Offering the installation and servicing of the panels.80. silver-gray and fit traditional tiled roof designs/ match the existing tiled roof designs/ rooftops81. By showering the glass surfaces with electricity-producing coatings.第II卷I. Translation1. Look, how tall the tree (that was) planted ten years ago is now!2. You look very tired, and/ so why don’t you/ not go home and have a good sleep?3. It is generally thought/ considered/ believed that talking loudly in public (places) is rude and should be avoided.4. Many developed countries have been taking measures/ steps/ action to attract as many Chinese tourists as possible to promote economic growth since the 21st century.5. Only by setting clear goals/ aims in life and sparing no effort/ making every effort to work on it/ and working on it with all efforts can you realize your dream of being a useful person/ make your dream of being a useful person come true.II. Guided Writing略2014年高三英语教学质量检测试卷，听力部分现在开始Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: Good afternoon. What can I do for you?M: I’m having a headache, perhaps from playing video games. Do you have any painkillers?Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. M: These new bags look very nice. How much are they?W: It was originally 60 pounds for each. But if you buy two, you will get one free. So I got three altogether.Q: How much does each bag actually cost the woman?3. M: The door was left open, so the wind blew the vase off the table.W: That’s to say I punished Tom by mistake.Q: What do we know about Tom?4. W: I didn’t know this is a one-way street.M: I’m sorry, but ignorance of the law is no excuse.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?5. M: I hear that you are going to study in Brighton University next year, is that true?W: Yes. But I never expected that the university would offer me a full scholarship.Q: What does the woman mean?6. W: How are you getting on with your paper? I’m having a real hard time with mine.M: After a couple of sleepless nights, I am finally done.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. W: Hi, I have a map of the campus, but I still cannot find the building where the exhibit is.Would you please tell me how to get there?M: That looks like an old map. Follow me. I’m going that way myself.Q: What is the man probably going to do?8. M: Did you notice that Susan was in low spirits this morning?W: Yes. If only Mrs. Brown had been more gentle to her students.Q: What does the woman imply?9. M: Why are you leaving so early? The movie doesn’t start till seven.W: I don’t want to get stuck in a traffic jam. It’s terrible on the highway during rush hours.Q: What does the woman mean?10. M: Then why do you decide to quit your present job?W: Tha t’s because of the journey. It takes about two hours to the workplace. Your firm is within a walking distance.Q: Why does the woman want to give up her present job?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.On a special Sunday night, millions of Americans are glued to their TVs, watching the SuperBowl, the most popular American football game of the year. They are eating pizza, chicken wings and chips and cheering every move.Why are Americans so crazy about American football? Well, it is more exciting than other sports. One team can lose possession of the ball in a minute, which may allow their opponents to make a touchdown. Then that team may win the game unexpectedly!The Super Bowl also entertains its audience with a great halftime show. The football field is turned into a stage. Then an impressive performance of dancing and singing with special effects occurs.Since the Super Bowl is the most-watched TV program in America, commercial broadcast is also very expensive. Big money is also spent on the commercials. They draw the viewers’attention and advertise their image or products during the commercial break.Besides football, we have basketball and baseball. If you’re not a sports fan yet, come and pick a sport or a team. Go to a ball game with your family, and cheer your team on. Sports are definitely a part of American culture one should not miss.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:11. Why are Americans so fascinated with American football?12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the TV program of the Super Ball?13. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.“W e used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, to a large extent, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson, a gene biologist. Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is reforming the treatment of disease.Although much of the research is at the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stoppingthem from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. The children given the therapy are now in kindergarten and living normal lives.Gene therapy has also seen used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine. But more research is needed to assure its safety.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:14. How do scientists use gene therapy to treat children with brain disease?15. Which of the following statements about gene therapy is true?16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Good morning, I’m calling for the secretary vacancy of your company in the paper yesterday. M: Well, your name please?W: Mary Smith.M: Good. Mary, could you please tell me a little bit about yourself?W: Yes. I’m 23. I went to the University of Leeds. I’ve got a master’s degree in English.M: I see. Do you know any foreign languages?W: Spanish.M: And how well can you speak it?W: Fluently, I would say.M: All right. Can you come in and have an interview with us next Tuesday afternoon? Would you please leave us your phone number?W: Oh, certainly, it’s 150********. Thank you very much. See you then. Goodbye.M: Goodbye.(Now listen again, please.)Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.W: Oh, where are we going?M: I want to show you something.W: I know, but what is it?M: A farm. It’s just down this road. It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own.W: A farm? How can we afford to buy a farm?M: It isn’t very large, only 40 acres. We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.W: Is there a house on the place?M: A small one with two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed a little. I can do the job myself.W: Ok. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden?M: There is about half an acre around the house. That’s plenty of space.W: Then we can keep a few chickens. What are you thinking about growing on the farm, if we do take this place?M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn. I think we may grow potatoes and carrots.W: That is a great idea. And I think we have enough money to get started. I do think positively of your plan, honey.M: Thank you so much!(Now listen again, please.)Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. That’s the end of the Listening Comprehension.。
I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
(as…as)2. 一到机场，玛丽就发现把护照忘在家里了。
(Hardly)3. 正是他对我们表现的评价，表明我们已经步入正轨了。
(track)4. 我没想到那个曾经受到高度赞扬的钢琴家结果却令观众大失所望。
(turn out)5. 如果不能独立找出提高学习效率的方法，你就很难取得令人满意的成绩。
(unless)Keys:1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
上海市黄浦区2014届高考模拟考试（二模）英语试题2014年4月10日下午考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2. 本试卷设试卷和答题卷两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷。
所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题卷上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题卷纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. August 6. B. August 7. C. August 13.D. August 19.2. A. A coat store. B. A chemist’s. C. A dry cleaner.D. A watch shop.3. A. Policeman and driver. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and clerk.D. Doctor and nurse.4. A. A brand of jeans. B. A new hair style. C. Popularstars. D. School uniforms.5. A. The man enjoys dramas very much.B. Soap operas aren’t the woman’s favorite.C. The woman has watched a lot of soap operas.D. The man doesn’t want to watch a drama with the woman.6. A. Anxious. B. Casual. C. Supportive. D. Unbelieving.7. A. The style of the watch. B. Her boyfriend’s figure.C. The price of the watch.D. Her boyfriend’s preference.8. A. The damage to the environment. B. The location of the hotel.C. The demand of the job market.D. The solution to the issue.9. A. She can’t afford that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. She doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.10. A. Skipping the meal to lose weight. B. Having thepizza with the woman.C. Ordering food to be eaten at home.D. Dining outinstead of eating at home.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Engine trouble. B. Poor weather. C. Tall waterfalls. D. Tight budget.12. A. Amazing as well as tough. B. Funny while incredible.C. Disappointing but rewarding.D. Fascinating and well-paid.13. A. A mechanic. B. A photographer. C. A travel writer.D. A weather man.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because it is totally beyond most students’ ability.B. Because it doesn’t help people today learn from history.C. Because students should be taught from the past forward.D. Because this kind of teaching approach is out-of-fashion.15. A. By studying with the traditional approach.B. By keeping names, places and dates in mind.C. By putting forward questions about the near future.D. By looking into the past for answers to present problems.16. A. To explain the history of education.B. To state the purpose of learning history.C. To criticize students’ habits of history study.D. To present a new method of history education.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each blank.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each blank. II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years.For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist.I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to do. As Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improveyour fitness — look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries — you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used in day-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women recently treated for breast cancer.” says Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System’s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, ‘Take it easy,’ but chemotherapy (化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,” he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It’s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When US’ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Square.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ machines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a product with their friends. Someone’s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don’t like, because they trust their opinions.”When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. “Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There’s only so much mindshare to capture.” McCathy emphasized.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In India, almost all marriages are arranged. Even among the educated middle classes in modern urban India, marriage is as much a concern of the families as it is of the __51__. So customary is the practice of arranged marriage that there is a special name for a marriage which is not __52__: It is called a “love match”.On my first trip to India, I met many young men and women whose parents were in the process of “getting them married”. In many cases, the bride and groom would not meet each other before the marriage. __53__ they might meet for a brief conversation, and this meeting would take place only after their parents had decided that the match was __54__. Parents do not force their children to marry a person who either marriage partner finds unacceptable. But only after one match is refused will another be sought.As a young American woman in India for the first time, I foundthis custom of arranged marriage __55__. How could any intelligent young person __56__ to such a marriage without great reluctance? It was __57__ to everything I believed about the importance of romantic love as the only basis of a happy marriage. It was also in conflict with my strongly held beliefs that the choice of such a close and permanent relationship could be made only by individuals __58__. If anyone had tried to arrange my marriage, I would have been __59__!Sita, one of my young friends, was a college graduate with a degree in political science. She had been __60__ for over a year while her parents were arranging a match for her. I found it difficult to accept the obedient（顺从的） manner in which this well-educated young woman awaited the outcome of a process that would __61__ her spending the rest of her life with a man she hardly knew, a total stranger, __62__ by her parents.In frustration and distress, I asked her, “Don’t you care who you __63__?”“Of course I care,” she answered. “This is why I must let my parents choose a boy for me. My marriage is too important to be arranged by such a(n) __64__ person as myself. In such matters, it is better to have my parents’ __65__”.51. A. classes B. individuals C. societyD. country52. A. matched B. decided C. concerned D. arranged53. A. After all B. In addition C. At mostD. On average54. A. comfortable B. imperfect C. suitable D. dissatisfying55. A. acceptable B. amazing C. depressingD. strange56. A. agree B. turn C. exchange D. devote57. A. customary B. remarkable C. similarD. contrary58. A. involved B. present C. informed D. available59. A. ambitious B. proud C. rebelliousD. puzzled60. A. fighting B. protesting C. waiting D. dreaming61. A. profit from B. hold back C. act outD. result in62. A. picked out B. picked up C. taken upD. taken out63. A. encounter B. favor C. marry D. join64. A. intelligent B. unfortunate C. inexperiencedD. careless65. A. blessing B. guidance C. fortune D. promiseSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Yo-Yo Ma is one of the most gifted cellists(大提琴手) in the world today. He is known internationally for not only the many classical pieces he performs but also his willingness to think outside of the box musically.Yo-Yo Ma has recorded over 75 albums; many of them strictly considered classical in arrangement, while others differ greatly from classical music. He’s worked with musicians like Bobby Mcferrin and Sting, and explored musical forms that range from traditional Chinese music to bluegrass. His musical explorations, including the scoring or performance in numerous films, have won Ma many awards and honors.Born to Chinese immigrant parents in Paris in 1955, Yo-Yo Ma was already a gifted musician by the time his family moved to the U.S.,when he was seven. One of his first performances where he was much noted was a 1962 performance for U.S. President John F. Kennedy. Ma was certainly a genius, appearing on television by the time he was eight and performing with numerous orchestras through his teens.Like many young extraordinary musicians, Yo-Yo Ma’s educational path included the study at the distinguished Juilliard School of Music. Unlike geniuses that stay on a singular path, Ma felt that he wanted to expand his education by taking a traditional liberal arts course at first Columbia and then Harvard University, where he received his bachelor’s degree in 1976. He wasn’t always certain that he should continue to pursue his career as a cellist, and refers to hearing the work of Pablo Casals, the famous Spanish cellist, as inspiration to continue his studies and performance.By the early 1980s, Yo-Yo Ma had become internationally known. He also began to express considerable interest in the possibilities of musical education for children. To that end, he made appearances on Sesame Street and other shows targeted at children.In 1998, Ma started the Silk Road Project, which promotes cooperation among artists, including musicians from around the world. His devotion to bringing together the various cultures represented by the ancient Silk Road is expressed in Ma’s political attitudeof peace through music. In 2006, the UN Secretary General Kofi Anan named Ma a Peace Ambassador.66.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Yo-Yo Ma?A. He has explored a wide range of musical forms.B. He wasn’t well-known in the U.S. until the 1980s.C. He is famous only for the classical pieces he performs.D. He was determined to become a cellist since childhood.67.Whose work has had an influence on Ma in deciding to pursuea career as a cellist?A. Bobby McFerrin’s.B. Kofi Anan’s.C. Pablo Casals’.D. Sting’s.68. Through the Silk Road Project, Yo-Yo Ma intended to ___________.A. continue his studies while performing with musicians all around the worldB. bring together many different cultures represented by the ancient Silk RoadC. become a UN Peace Ambassador by expressing his political attitude of peaceD. promote musical education for children in the countries along the ancient Silk Road69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. To Be Known as Early as PossibleB. Growth Process of a Peace AmbassadorC. University Education: Key Factor to Yo-Yo Ma’s SuccessD. A Talented Musician with Sense of Social Responsibility( B )SUNDAY MAY 7EASYEarly Morning Stroll in UpperLane Cove ValleyMeet at 7:30 a.m. at the end ofDay RD, Cheltenham, while thebush is alive with birdsong.Round trip: 4 hoursFRIDAY MAY 12MEDIUMPossum prowl Meet 7:30 p.m. at Seaforth Oval carpark. Enjoy the peace of the bush at night. Lovely water views. Bring torch and wear non-slip shoes as some rock climbing involved. Coffee and biscuits supplied.Duration: 2 hoursSUNDAY JUNE 4 HARDBaime Basin Track Meet 9:30 a.m. Track#8, West Head Road, Magnificent Pittwater views.Visit Beechwood cottage. Bring lunch and drink. Some steep Duration: 2.5 hoursSUNDAYJUNE 25 EASYMorning Walk at Mitchell ParkMeet 8:30 a.m. entrance toMitchell Park, Mitchell ParkRd. Cattai for a pleasant walk wandering through rainforest, river flats and dry forest to swampland （沼泽地）. Binoculars（双筒望远镜）a must to bringas many birds live here. Finish with morning tea.Duration: 3 hours---------------------------------------------------------GRADING70. If you seldom exercise, prefer nature to literature and are usedto getting up early, you’re most likely to join __________.A. Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyB. Baime Basin TrackC. Poetry around a campfireD. Morning Walk at Mitchell Park71. If you want to enjoy the peace of the bush at night, you are required to __________.A. meet at 7:30 p.m. June 6B. bring slippers with youC. prepare a torchD. climb rocks for two hours72. How many guided walks and nature activities provide food or drink?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.73. In the activity “Morning Walk at Mitchell Park”, one may have no chance to ___________.A.appreciate bird watchingB. enjoy mountainclimbingC.take a relaxing walkD. have morning tea( C )ESP, Extra Sensory Perception, is a catch-all expression for the so-called ability of certain people to receive transmitted thoughts from others, to transmit their own thoughts, to see what will happen in the future or to be able to move objects from one place to another without physically touching them. These special people are called psychics. Some believe that we all have this ability to some degree but that most of us choose not to develop it.documented evidence, there are plenty of claims that have turned out to be cheating. For most people, it is difficult to accept such claims without having had first hand experience. The lack of scientific evidence is another factor to take into account. On the other hand, most of us have, at some time, experienced a seemingly unexplainable occurrence; hearing the telephone ring and knowing who will be onthe other end of the line or cases of coincidence that seem to be too extreme to be accidental.Over the years there have been numerous ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called “Extra-Sensory Perception” in which he claimed to have enormous evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to copy his results since, which has resulted in the book losing much of its original credibility and fame.The Ganzfield Experiments are considered to have been the most carefully examined ESP experiments. So-called psychics had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a “sender” attempted to transmit messages. Later the psychics would compare the messages received to the original messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time, but the research failed to produce convincing results.One of the strongest criticisms against ESP is that in order for it to exist, the fundamental laws of physics would necessarily have to be broken.Human beings are attracted to the whole range of supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate. This becomes clearwhen we see how much of the media is dedicated to the topic: magazines, journals, web sites, television and radio programs. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain: “The truth is out there! ”74. According to the 1st paragraph, a psychic can do the following EXCEPT __________.A. read what his parents are thinking aboutB. transmit one friend’s thought to anotherC. predict what’ll happen at tomorrow’s meetingD. change the position of a chair without touching itbe replaced with __________.A. enthusiasticB. doubtfulC. particularD. curious76. What can be learned about the book “Extra–Sensory Perception”and “the Ganzfield Experiments”?A. They both failed to prove the existence of ESP scientifically.B. They were both the products of casually-designed research.C. Others followed their examples and got the same consequences.D. The writer and the experiment operators lost their fameeventually.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Whether ESP exists.B. How ESP works.C. Who ESP attracts.D. Why ESP fails.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow’s move into “sensory” marketing is the latest in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology — the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to help sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere”— using smells to influence consumer behavior. On Valentine’s Day two yearsago, the chain of chemist’s Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with love, ”said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that the detergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reasonis because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent”and“coconut-scented sun cream” is used to show that __________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?第II卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
