2020届上海高三英语二模汇编 语法填空

黄浦区2019-2020年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试高三英语（本试卷总分值140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question9. A. Students prefer living out of town.you have heard.1.A. In an art gallery.B. In a classroom.2.A. 5 weeks.B. 15 weeks.3.A. A Chinese restaurant.C. Gold Road.4.A. Egg.氏Fish.5.A. What the department library offers.C. What professional articles (he man needs.6.A. Have a job interview.C. Open the letter box.7.A. He will hand it in tomorrow.C. It's about a strike.8.A. Work with her colleagues.C. Stay alone in the office. C. In a railway station.D. In a ward.C. 20 weeks.D. 25 weeks.B.Bill's company.D. The Ground Theatre.C.Pork.D. Steak.B. Where the man can find what he wants.D.Where general books are available. B. Make an advertisement.D. Buy a copy of Daily Mail.B. It's a difficult job fbr him.D. He'll consult his friend about it.B. Make coffee for others.D. Socialize with her co-workers.B. It,s impossible to find an ideally located town.C. They have the flat (hat will satisfy the woman.D. He will make sure where the vacancies are.A. He often goes back home late for dinner.B.He shares some of the household duties.C.He dines out with friends from time to time.D.He cooks dinner for the family occasionally.Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the necessarily age-related. I've been teaching undergraduates fbr my entire career and I can prove that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors — loads of them. They walk into the wrong classroom; they show up to exams without the required No. 2 pencil; they forget something I just said two minutes before. These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do.The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves2020.05about them. Twenty-year-olds don't think, “Oh dea r, this must be early-onset Alzheimer s（早老性痴呆症）.“They think, really need to get more than four hours of sleep.” The 70-ycar-olds observe these same events and worry about their brain health. This is to say that every error of short-term memory doesn't necessarily indicate a biological disorder.So how do we account fbr our subjective experience （hat older adults seem to search for words and names with difficulty? First, there is a generalized cognitive（iA& W） slowing with age but given a little more time, older adults perform just fine. Second, older adults have to search through more memories than younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking fbr. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and infbnnation. It's not that you can't remember - you can - it's just that there is so much more information to sort through.第H卷（共40分）V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72.这位诗人的作品以天马行空而著称。

高考英语二模试卷题号I II III IV V VI 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）ACalled "the man who shaped America" and "the father of modern industrial design" ， Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time． He revolutionized the industry， working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators， from cars to the interiors of spacecraft． Loewy's design all had one thing in common． They were shaped by the MAYA principle -Most Advanced Yet Acceptable． His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs．After a short period as a fashion illustrator， Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by re-designing a copying machine for the British manufacturer， Sigmund Gestetner． The 28-year-old designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years．The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining （流线型）． He described this as "beauty through function and simplification"． He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos to the interiors of stores． The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action．He is perhaps most famous for his re-design of the Lucky Strike packaging． In 1940 ， the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company， George Washington Hill， bet Loewy 美元50，000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike． Loewy accepted the challenge． He changed the background of the packet from green to white． Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet． This made itmore eye-catching and greatly increased sales． It is now recognized as a design classic． Loewy's logo design aimed at "Visual retention"． He wanted to make sure that anyone whosaw the logo， even for a short while， would never forget it． He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil ， Exxon， Greyhound and Nabisco．By the mid-20th century， his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say "the average person， leading a normal life…is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things， service or structure" designed by his firm．1. Loewy's biggest influence was in ______ ．A. completely changing the design industryB. successfully shaping Americans' tasteC. changing people's idea about designD. building a professional design team2. Loewy's designs were based on the idea of ______ ．A. providing most immediately recognizable designsB. providing completely different designsC. speeding up the design processD. offering original but not revolutionary answers to problems3. Loewy's logo designs aimed at ______ ．第1页，共16页A. making the companies well knownB. bringing freshness for a short whileC. attracting people to the companies' historyD. making company symbols very memorable4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______A. Loewy provided service to ordinary people．B. Loewy's designs were famous and influential．C. Loewy's design firms existed all over the world．D. Loewy was welcomed and respected by the public．BA familiar voice is just few digits away from you． Whether you prefer high-tech options or more traditional landlines， there are affordable way to call home when you travel abroad， even if you don't carry an internationally-capable cellphone．Repaid Calling CardsRepaid calling cards provide the ultimate in flexibility： they can be used from most locations， including pay phones， cell phones and landlines． But not all calling cards are equal， especially overseas． Compare the rate options associated with different cards， whether youbuy them before you travel or on the road． Some charge a pre-connection fee as well as a per minute fee， for example．Callback ServiceAs the name suggests， these services call you and then place your call at cheaper rates． You initiate the call by dialing a "trigger number -a connection to the call-back service's computers． Let the call ring once and then hang up． The computer calls you back from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after verifying your account number． Often cheaper than direct-dial calls， but the services may not work at hotels， where staff may not accept the return calls． The service is welcome to those who make lots of international calls．Voice Over Internet Protocol （VoIP）VoIP works by digitalizing your voice and sending it via the Internet to the person you're calling， who hears it on his PC speakers， or by routing it through regular telephone lines to anyone's standard phone line． VoIP services generally work best with a broadband or wireless Internet connection and can be used from hotel rooms， Internet cafes or wireless hot spots if you have a notebook computer． Since most calls use the Internet， and connections into and out of the Internet are typically local calls， the rates are astonishing low．5. According to the passage，if computer technology is not available，travelers are advisedto call by ______ ．A. landlineB. repaid calling cardC. callback serviceD. pay phone6. What is focused on in the callback service？ ______A. Making a phone call as brief as possible．B. Taking advantage of the hotel phone call service．C. Saving on calls by calling from home．D. Using the bank account for call pay in any country．7. The passage is mainly intended to ______ ．A. offer tips to travelers on how to call home for lessB. help travelers find the easiest way to call back homeC. introduce the optional approaches to family connectionD. advise travelers to call home through broadband or wireless InternetCTourism is a leisure activity， whose prework means just the opposite． Acting as a tourist is one of the clear characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that， it is organized within particular place and occurs for a period of time， which is arranged beforehand． Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to， and their stay in， various destinations． This necessarily involves some movement， that is the journey， and a period of stay in a new place or places． The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places， of residence and work， and are of a short-term and temporary nature， and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time．Modern societies engage in such tourist practices． New socialized forms of transportation andhotel facilities have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists， as opposed to the individual character of travel． Places are chosen to be visited and be gazedupon because there is an anticipation （期望） especially through daydreaming and fantasy ofintense pleasures， either on a different scale or involving different senses from those who havebeen there． Such anticipation is also constructed and stays through a variety of non-touristpractices， such as films， TV， literature， magazines， records and videos which constructand reinforce this daydreaming．Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off fromeveryday experience． Such aspects are viewed because they are thought to be in some senseout of the ordinary． The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of socialpatterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life． People hang around these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs， postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured．One of the earliest research paper on the subject of tourism is Boorstin's analysis of the"pseudo-event" （1964）where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience"reality" directly but are happy with "pseudo-events"． Isolated from the host environment andthe local people， the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in fake orman-made attractions， and is cheated into enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding thereal world outside． Over time the images generated of different tourist sights lead to a closedself- perpetuating（自我延续的）system of a false belief that provides the tourist with the basis for selecting or deciding potential places to visit． Such visits are made， says Boorstin， within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar American style hotel which keeps the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment．8. In the 1st paragraph， the author wants to say that before you travel to a new place______ ．A. making a careful travel plan is necessaryB. planning travel involves time and thoughtC. getting travel tips from your friends may save timeD. choosing unusual tourist attractions makes a trip memorable9. The sentence "the viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning" in the 3rd paragraph means ______ ．A. traveling to an unfamiliar place is a pleasant change from everyday routineB. new environmental scenes in a different place will become more attractiveC. tourists should find the native people and share with them ideas and experienceD. travelling is to see landmarks and discover unknown ways of life and values 10. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______ ．A. when travelling ，many tourists will miss their homes and friends B. visiting popular tourist attractions is only a waste of timeC. the virtue of travel is to interact with a culture different from your ownD. American tourists like to visit familiar places when they travel outside11. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage ？ ______A. Tourism ，an Outlook on Different Life B. Tourism ，a Direct Hug of Nature C. Tourism ，a New Relation to Familiar Sights D. Tourism ，a False Belief about the World 二、阅读七选五（本大题共4小题，共8.0分） A scheme was first put forward recently by an expert that certain criminals should be sent to prison in their own home ． (1) One very experienced social worker expressed his serious reservation about the scheme in a television interview ． When asked to explain why ，he thought for a moment and finally confessed "Well ， I guess because it's new ． That's my only reason ．Advocates of the scheme pointed out that courts frequently sentenced first offenders to community service of some kind rather than send them to prison ． (2) Nothing positive was achieved by sending some types of convicted people to prison ．(3) "If a murderer is allowed free in the community like this ，what is to prevent him from killing somebody else " This argument ignored the fact that nobody proposed to allow convicted murderers to use the bracelet system ． One criticism put forward was that an offender could take off his bracelet and leave it at home or give it to a friend to wear while he himself went off to commit another crime ． The reply to this was that the bracelet would be made so that the computer would immediately detect any attempts to take it off or tamper with it ．A more serious objection to the scheme was that the harsh life of prison was intended to be part of the deterrent to crime ． A prisoner who was allowed to live at home would suffer no particular discomfort and thus not be deterred from repeating his crime ． No immediate action was taken on the proposal ． It was far too revolutionary and needed to be examined very carefully ． (4) Several governments appointed experts to investigate the scheme and make recommendations for or against it ．A ． The idea ， however ， was not rejected ．B ． They should spend their lives in prison ．C ． It met with strong objections ．D ． Most of the criminal cases are unpredictable ．Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s ） of the passage in no more than 60 words ． Use your own words as far as possible ．E ． Some critics rushed to take extreme cases ．F ． The shame of having a criminal record was adequate for them ．12. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.EF. F三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）The novelist's medium is the written word． One might almost say the(16)world． Typically the novel is consumed by a silent， individual reader， who may be anywhere at the time． The paperback novel is still the cheapest， most portable and adaptable form of (17) entertainment． It is limited to a single channel of information-(18)． The narrative can go， effortlessly， anywhere， into space， people's head， palaces， prisons and pyramids without any consideration of cost or practical possibility． In determining the shape and content of his narrative， the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria （标准）．The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience． He may be advised by his editor to revise his (19)， but if the writer refused to meetthis condition， no one would be surprised． It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript and expect the publisher to print it(20)as written．However， not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit （提交） a script and expect it to be(21) without any rewriting． This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative， using more than one channel of (22)． The production of a stage play involves， as well as the(23)of the author， the physical presence of the actors， their voices and gestures， the "set" and possibly music． Although the script play is the essential part of both play and film， it is a(24) for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and other creative people involved． They're given "approval" of the choice of a director and actors and have the right to attend(25)， during which period they may undertake more(26) work． In the case of screenplay， the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work． Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of(27) in this respect．In film or television work， on the other hand， the screenplay has no(28) rights to this degree of consultation． While the script is going through its various(29)， the writer is in the driver's seat， although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director． But once the production is under way， artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director． This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama， who tend to give all the(30) or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors， ignoring the contribution， for good and ill of the director．16. A. old-fashioned B. fixed C. presented D. printed17. A. social B. narrative C. favorite D. easy18. A. sourcing B. surfing C. writing D. receiving19. A. text B. publication C. ambition D. attitude20. A. simply B. eventually C. freely D. exactly21. A. performed B. approved C. covered D. continued22. A. information B. approach C. setting D. communication23. A. fame B. words C. presence D. rights24. A. basis B. reference C. plan D. rule25. A. assemblies B. performances C. rehearsals D. negotiations26. A. recording B. evolving C. bargaining D. training27. A. actors B. directors C. audiences D. authors28. A. procedural B. personal C. contractual D. equal29. A. drafts B. arrangements C. additions D. definitions30. A. hope B. work C. credit D. profit四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）31. A Venturing PilotCharles Lindberg born in December Michigan was raised on a farm in Minnesota， where his father（1）______（ elect） to the U．S． Congress in 1907． From then on， he spent his boyhood alternatively in Washington D．C．， and Little Falls， Minnesota．（ 2）______ Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent， in 1921， he was admitted to the University of Wisconsin to study engineering．（3）______（seek） more challenges， he left university before graduation and became a pilot， who performed exciting flight show at country fairs and public assemblies． This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that it allowed him to gain all-round experience inflying． He was particularly delighted in（4）______ he called "wing-walking" andparachute jumping．（ 5）______（train） in air service for a year， Lindberg completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class． He was offered a job in RobertsonAircraft Corporation of St． Louis in Missouri where he retained his job （6）______ 1927， running the routes between St． Louis and Chicago． During this period， he set out to win the Raymond B， Orteig prize of $25，000 to be awarded to the first pilot （7）______（fly） nonstop from New York to Paris． He knew this ambitious flight（8）______（ change） his life．On board the greatest adventure of his time， Lindberg left Roosevelt Airport at 5：52 a．m． on May 20， 1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5：24 p．m． the next day． Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived， Lindberg carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris， but when his plane came to a stop， he found himself （9）______（crowd） with welcoming people． He was decorated in France， Great Britain， and Belgium． President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser， the Memphis to bring him back． His accomplishments in flying brought（10）______ more medals and awards that had ever been received than any other person in private life．五、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共25.0分）A． inhabitants B． captured C． minimum D． innovation E． networkF． apparently G． highlighted H． equally I． humble J． expansionK． displaysIs Boasting Good or Bad BusinessSweden is one of the most creative countries in the world， yet has a culture that warns against boasting about its success in public． And is this (1) manner a help or an obstacle when it comes to start-upFrom household names such as Spotify and Skype， to gaming leaders King and Mojang， Sweden is a land of (2) for industrial changes and new products． Despite just 10 million(3) occupying a land mass largely defined by forest wildness， the nation has in recentyears created billion-dollar companies per head than everywhere else outside SiliconValley．The more familiar narrative for Sweden's start-up success story typically includes thefollowing factors． It has strong digital facilities， a highly educated， tech-experienced workforce， and an ideal population size for testing innovations． And for those whoseideas are not in line， there is a strong social welfare (4) to set them back on their feet． While Ingvar Kamprad， founder of Ikea， has emphasized his being modest andeconomical in his attitude， research is always at the heart of Ikea's (5) ． These firm-held cultural features have (6) the attention worldwide． Local and global observers areadmiring their constant role in promoting Sweden's lively economy．"Trying to keep boasting to a (7) and finding a common ground so that everybody is on the same page" remain to be two of the most spreading practice in the Swedish workforce， says Lola Akinmade Akerstrom， a cultural commentator， who (8) this in her recent book Lagorm： The Swedish Secret of Living Well．Rather than focus on a rock star's or a CEO's "killing it" ， in Swedish business ： "It's about everybody getting together， making sure their voices are heard (9) ， so that they can all reach a most desirable solution together，" she says．This culture has its roots in what Swedes call "Jantelagen"， which describes a century-old tradition that discourages unnecessary (10) of wealth or success． In other words， nobody should consider themselves better than anyone else．32. 技术员给他推荐的这款新软件应能帮助他快速适应新的书写方式．（ adapt）______33. 虽然她有一份收入不错的工作，但是因为她不善管钱而经常入不敷出．（ lack）______34. 你电脑用得越熟练，你找到秘书工作的可能性就越大．（the more…．the more）______35. 早餐要营养丰富，易于消化，使人有饱腹感，这样才能让人们工作时间更长而不感觉疲惫．（ need）______六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）36. Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize in no more than 60 words the mainidea of the passage and how it is illustrated． Use your won words as far as possible． Blowing a Few TopsEver stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions It's not all death， destructionand hot liquid rock-scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one sucheruption．Solar geoengineering involves simulating a volcano by spraying aerosols（气溶胶） into the atmosphere． When they combine with oxygen， droplets of sulfuric acid （硫酸） form． These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth， cooling the planet． All good in theory， but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous． Ina study recently published in Nature Communications， researchers led by AnthonyJones， a climate scientist from the University of Exeter， found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical winds hitting theU．S． and Caribbean． But there's an annoying exchange： more winds in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa． That's because the entire climate system is linked-disrupting one region will invariably affect another． How woulda nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse？ Would that be anact of warThere is， however， a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale． Jones says it could be used to "take the edge off" the temperature increases scientists arepredicting． It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies． The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering： its complete lack of regulation． "There's nothing that could stop one country just doing it，" Jonessays ． "You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day ．It would cost 1 billion to 10 billion per year ．" He adds ，"It's deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate ， yet there's just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it ．"Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand ， as well as far more work that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe-or too dangerous to even discuss ．37. Directions ：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．校学生会开展了教科书再利用（the recycling of textbooks ）的活动，号召高三学生把自己的教科书留给新生使用．把自己的教科书留给新生使用．你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，请向学请向学生会发一份email 进行回复，表明你的态度，并说明你的理由．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】ADDB 1．A ．细节理解题．细节理解题．根据第一段根据第一段He revolutionized the industry ，working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators ，from cars to the interiors of spacecraft ．可知，他彻底改变了行业，作为顾问工作了超过200家公司和创造设计从包装到冰箱，从汽车到飞船的内部．由此可见，他Loewy 最大的影响是彻底改变了这个行业．故选A ．2．D ．细节理解题．根据第二段His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs ．可知，他的想法是，如果设计问题的解决方案与目前的设计有太大的不同，人们就不会接受．由此可见，Loewy 的设计是基于对问题提供原创性而非革命性的答案的想法．故选D ．3．D ．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段内容Loewy 的标志设计旨在"视觉保留"．他想确保任何人看到这个标志，即使是很短一段时间，也不会忘记它．他为壳牌石油、埃克森美孚（Exxon ）、灰狗（Greyhound ）和纳比斯科（Nabisco ）等著名公司设计了许多高度可见的标志．可知他的标志设计旨在使公司的标志非常令人难忘．故选D ．4．B ．推理判断题．根据最后一段By the mid 20th century ，his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say ‘the average person ，leading a normal life lose is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things ，service or structure' designed by his firm ．可知，到了20世纪中期，他的工业设计公司非常有名，以至于他可以说："普通人，过着正常生活的人，必然会每天接触到一些东西，服务或结构．都是由他的公司设计的．由此可见，Loewy 的设计是著名的和有影响力的．故选B ．本文主要介绍了被称为"美国人塑造"和"现代工业设计的父亲"，雷蒙．洛伊威．他是一个最具影响力的设计师之一．他彻底改变了行业，在创造设计方面从包装到冰箱，从汽车到飞船的内部，他涉及的行业很多，许多非常有名的标识著名公司如壳牌石油、埃克森、灰狗和纳贝斯克都是他设计的．森、灰狗和纳贝斯克都是他设计的．本文是一个人物故事类阅读理解，本文是一个人物故事类阅读理解，题目涉及多道细节理解题，题目涉及多道细节理解题，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．据． 5.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C【解析】1．B 细节理解题．细节理解题．根据第三段根据第三段"You initiate the call by dialing a "trigger number -a connection to the call-back service's computers ． Let the call ring once and then hang up ． The computer calls you back from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after verifying your account number ． Often cheaper than direct-dial calls ，你先拨一个"扳机号码--回拨服务的计算机的连接"．让电话铃响一次，然后挂断电话．计算机用较低的国际费率从美国回拨你，然后接通核实您的帐号后．通常比直拨电话便宜，"可知回拨电话比直接拨打电话便宜．故选B ．2．C 细节理解题．根据第三段"As the name suggests ， these services call you and then place your call at cheaper rates ．顾名思义，这些服务会给你打电话，然后以较低的价格给你打电话"可知the Callback Service 的优点是打电话便宜．故选C ． 3． C 目的意图题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"there are affordable way to call home when you travel abroad ，当你出国旅行时，有一种经济实惠的方式打电话回家"可知本文的目的是介绍家庭联系的可选方法．故选C ． 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了家庭联系的可选方法．本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了家庭联系的可选方法．本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息？或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题做这类题一般采用寻读法？即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1．B ．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 Acting as a tourist is one of the clear characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that ， it is organized within particular place and occurs for a period of time ， which is arranged beforehand ．作为一名游客是"现代"的明显特征之一，而旅游的流行概念是，它是在特定的地方组织起来的，并发生在一段时间内，这是事先安排的．可知 计划旅行需要时间和思想；故选B ．2．D ．推理判断题．根据文章第三段The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life ．观看这些旅游景点往往涉及不同形式的社会模式，对景观或城镇景观的视觉元素比日常生活中通常发现的要敏感得多．的视觉元素比日常生活中通常发现的要敏感得多．可知旅行就是去看地标，可知旅行就是去看地标，发现未知的生活方式和价值观；故选D ．3．B ．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 Over time the images generated of different tourist sights lead to a closed self- perpetuating （自我延续的）system of a false belief that provides the tourist with the basis for selecting or deciding potential places to visit ．随着时间的推移，不同的旅游景点产生的图象导致了一个封闭的自我永久化不同的旅游景点产生的图象导致了一个封闭的自我永久化（自我延续的）（自我延续的）的错误信念系统，为游客提供了选择或决定潜在游览地点的基础．为游客提供了选择或决定潜在游览地点的基础．可知游览热门旅游景点只是浪费时可知游览热门旅游景点只是浪费时间；故选B ．4．D ．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段 Such visits are made ， says Boorstin ， within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar American style hotel which keeps the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment ．这种参观是在熟悉的美国风格酒店的"环境泡沫"中进行的，说的，它使游客远离东道国环境的陌生．可知文章的最佳标题是旅游业，对世界的错误认知；故选D ．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了旅行和停留的定义是在正常的地方以外，居住和工作，是短期的和暂时的，并且有明确的意图在相对较短的时间内回家．回家．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．者观点．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】F 【小题3】E【小题4】A。

2020届高三英语二模汇编——语法填空1、2020黄浦二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles – used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”【答案】21. that / which22. called23. are handed24. maintaining25. although / because26. may / might27. as28. it / that29. whatever30. to show【难度】中等2、2020普陀二模Messages from the DeepYou might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People (21) __________ (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only (22) __________ (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23) __________ which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24) __________ it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25) __________ was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26) __________ they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27) __________ (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28) __________ (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, theGreek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29) __________ (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30) __________ is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.【答案】21 have been doing /have done22. to be discovered 23 from/ at 24. As 25. whoever26. when/as/since/because/after27. being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown28. was launched29. hoping30. it【难度】中等3、2020徐汇二模Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”【答案】21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though 25. More surprisingly26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till【难度】中等4、2020杨浦二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱）had alreadyexisted in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.【答案】21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us 【难度】中等5、2020崇明二模Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles(鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainability message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.【答案】21. to create 22. because / as / since23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what【难度】中等6、2020长宁二模The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majorityof families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week.In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.【答案】21. which22. has decreased23. themselves24. what25. sharing26. conducted27. less likely28. as / though29. against30. it【难度】偏难7、2020松江二模After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.【答案】21. While / Though / Although 22. Seated 23. could / should 24. was challenged 25. herself26. how 27. being rejected 28. where 29. to find 30. in【难度】中等8、2020宝山二模As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies.But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work.To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.【答案】21. are running22.everything/anything 23.facing 24.that/which 25.to clear26.underestimated27.that 28.because/as/since 29.earlier 30.absorbing【难度】中等9、2020奉贤二模Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.【答案】21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can【难度】中等10、2020闵行二模A Brief History of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks ____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings ____22____ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks ____23____ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The ____24____ (early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by cutting food into smaller pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius(孔子), ____26____ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence ____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first ____28____ (create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.【答案】21. had swept22. as23. were developed 24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if / when30. As/ Because/ Since【难度】中等偏难11、2020浦东二模Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago asa college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper. I don’t recall(21)________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)________ (dance) off the page ina quote by Gandhi: “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on Mils that were so green that I (24)________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon (霓霓霓).But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)________my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27)________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)________, in the green of spring and the dead of winter; in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30)________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.【答案】21. what22. dancing 23. were read24. could25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During27. to be reminded28. when/as29. we30. who【难度】中等12、2020静安二模The Shop Where It’s OK to Be DifferentWhen Angela Makey knew her autistic (患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs (21) _________ are necessary for running a business?At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs for him. The family (22) _________ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities.So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics (23) _________ (bear).Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV (24) _________ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder (25) _________ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life.In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, (26) _________ (introduce) customers to new comics.The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic (27) _________ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at (28) _________ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy.Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, (29) _________ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop.Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons (30) _________ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly.【答案】21. that22.had hoped23.was born24.when25.that26. introducing 27.themselves28. spotting29. from30. (to) create【难度】中等13、2020青浦二模Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______“booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg —yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ____________ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”【答案】21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of30. because/as/since【难度】中等14、2020虹口二模How Can Y ou Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best. No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.。

2020届宝山区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As a child, what did youwant to be when yougrew up? If you werelike most children, you probablylet your imagination run 41 .Maybe you dreamed of flying intospace or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years,your dreams became more42 . Or you might have givenup on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come TrueDay. If you've been 43 fulfilling yourdreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It'simportant to dream because dreams cangive us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreamsinspire and motivate us. The great thing aboutdreams is that there's no 45 to accomplishthem right away. They might take a few yearsor they might take a lifetime to 46 . Theimportant thing is that you're 47 workingtoward your dream. And the best way to do that isby setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream anda goal? It's been said that dreams are the finaldestination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps youtake to reach them should be very50 . Yourdreams state what you want, but goals explainhow you'll get there. That makes goal setting anecessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken aboutdreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State ColinPowell stressed the 52 of working for yourdreams. "A dream doesn't become reality throughmagic: it takes sweat, 53 and hardwork. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreamshave no 54 limit. You are never too old to setanother goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing somethingfor years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your wayto making your dreams come true.41.A.fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A.colorful B. amazing C. realistic D.attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D.paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D.access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote参考答案：41－55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC2020届崇明区高三英语二模III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will __41__ in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief __42__ and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and __43__ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades,__44__ their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team __45__ data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finishedGrade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data __46__, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those whocompleted at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students __47__ music.The researchers found the __48__ relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music __49__ very broadly to thestudents’ learn ing in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very __50__ ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop __51__ skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in __52__ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the __53__ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy __54__ other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that __55__ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sampleC. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. lifeB. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. healthB. music C. science D. school参考答案：41-55 BDDCABACADCBADB2020届奉贤区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44) ______ decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45) ______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46) ______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47) ______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48) ______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) ______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more (50) ______ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits(假设) : If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a (51) ______. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52) _______ you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53) ______. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called "divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have two things that are clearly (54) ______, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55) ______ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A. safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B. comes into force C. makes sense D. plays a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limits49. A. evident B. unclear C. critical D. inevitable50. A. confusing B. inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. direction54. A. impressive B. insignificant C. unique D. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. put参考答案：41-55CDABC BADBA BDADA2020届虹口区高三英语二模Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For years, life went something like this; We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to __41__ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends, start a family, and begin the whole __42__ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging; Some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as __43__ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front -row seat watching this evolution __44__ and believes in the huge impact it is making or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he __45__ a start-up which is now called Blue-ground that rents out beautiful - designed, __46__ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 __47__ in six U. S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. The company just __48__ $50 million in Series B funding, bring its total investment to $78 million, to continue its repaid __49__. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than __50__,like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blue-ground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The __51__ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had tospend five years in a hotel room, __52__ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.”As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in __53__ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living gout of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.__54__, Alex found the hotels aren’t particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. __55__, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41. A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42. A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44. A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45. A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46. A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47. A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48. A. deposited B. reserved C. granted D. obtained49. A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50. A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51. A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52. A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53. A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55. A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On his occasion 参考答案：41 - 45 DCBAC 46 - 50 ACDBC 51 - 55 DADAB2020届黄浦区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商) closed more than 9,000stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail (41) ______ .” It is easy to chalk it up to the rise of e-commerce, which has thrived while physical stores struggle. But this can be (42) ______. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but Internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total.Collectively, three major(43) ______ forces have had an even bigger impact on brick-and-mortar retail than the Internet has.To begin with,we have changed (44) ______ we shop —away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores,which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, Rising income (45) ______ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that (46) ______ them have suffered. It is estimates that since 1970, the share of the na tion’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the (47) ______ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports (48) ______ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income (49) ______ almost a third of their income after taxes. People in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. (50) ______, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, Wehave spent (51) ______ less of income on things and more on services. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent, government statistics show. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t(52) ______ in traditional retail stores.Economists debate theories of why we have (53) ______ to services and away from goods but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling (54) ______ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of (55) ______. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn someday.41.A.business B.disaster C.investment D.strategy42.A.advanced B.confirmed C.overstated D.undervalued43.A.economic B.legal C.physical D.political44.A.how B.what C.where D.why45.A.distribution B.inequality C.level D.tax46.A.aim at B.approve of pete with D.stem from47.A.concentration B.influence C.security D.sourcecation B.employment C.housing D.spending49.A.concealed B.donated C.earned D.saved50.A.Instead B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore51.A.cautiously B.intelligently C.proportionately D.prospectively52.A.available B.insufficient C.popular D.uncommon53.A.applied mitted C.shifted D.tied54.A.ideas B.patents C.services D.things55.A.consumption B.habit C.income D.technology参考答案：41-45:BCACB46-50:AADDD 51-55: CACDD2020届金山区高三英语二模e National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping(转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regio ns won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocates参考答案：41-55: BABCA BBDAB CBACB2020届闵行区高三英语二模ng passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank withthe word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation”means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It isclosely connected with less pollution, saving money and notcontributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world's most touristic areas.The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market 41 inthe United States.Because of it, many households were forced to 42 their expenses and consequently limittheir vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most43 surroundings.At the same time, awareness of the 44 impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people-- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on45a tourist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the46 above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping one's 47 and the environment. 48 , staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial 49 gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that aren't cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful50 in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; 51 , other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walking are favored.This allows people's carbon footprints not to 52 as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the53 moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy, There are no fully-booked days, and there is no54to go from oneactivity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple 55 of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.41. A. value B. sector C. crisis D. shares42. A. restrict B. bear C. avoid D. meet43. A. cheerful B. immediate C. polluted D. attractive44. A. limited B. financial C. cultural D. environmental45. A. introducing B. stopping C. postponing D. raising46. A. challenges B. assessment C. tasks D. applications47. A. voyage B. mind C. pocket D. hometown48. A. In addition B. For example C. In fact D. On the contrary49. A. services B. advice C. resources D. savings50. A. emissions B. exposure C. vehicles D. strategies51. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. moreover52. A. last B. fall C. increase D. change53. A. historic B. present C. critical D. climatic54. A. good B. harm C. blame D. rush55. A. advantages B. challenges C. platforms D. themes参考答案：CABDAACCDABCBDA2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific Method Scientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community.This sharing serves two __41__. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.”It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) __42__ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of __43__ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other __44__ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设）, planned experiments, expected results, and eventhe __45__ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then __46__ the report to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.Once the scientist has the needed __47__, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or __48__ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and __49__ the work.This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can __50__ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. __51__ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peer review” mechanisms by using press conferences.On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to __52__. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to __53__ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers think they already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not __54__ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain __55__ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.41. A. purposes B. duties C. interests D. needs42. A. innovative B. prospective C. cooperative D. plain43. A. accustoming B. addicting C. restricting D. subjecting44. A. projects B. sources C. unions D. departments45. A. stronger B. more limited C. moredramatic broader46. A. Look up B. go over C. long for D.. call for47. A. funds B. fields C. impacts D. experiments48. A. different B. chosen C. related D. academic49. A. substitute B. create C. judge D. undertake50. A. reach B. mark C. hold D. skip51. A. Similarly B. Contrarily C. Surely D. Therefore52. A. fail B. function C. evolve D. work53. A. convey B. overlook C. reject D. approve54. A. necessarily B. particularly C. dramatically D. terribly55. A. confidence B. acceptance C. strength D. weight参考答案：41-55 ACDBD BACCD CADAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An artificialintelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring usa step closer to ___41____ speech topeople who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at theUniversity of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learningalgorithms(算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. Thewomen, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had electrodes attached to theirbrains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was askedto read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. Thelargest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words.The team fed thisbrain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspectsof speech. These patterns were then fedto a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ____46____ a sentence.。

2020届上海市高三英语二模汇编--语法填空2020届高三英语二模汇编——语法填空1、2020黄浦二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from on e child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all ki ds are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toysthemselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ y ou like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles –used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”【答案】21. that / which22. called23. are handed24. maintaining25. although / because26. may / might27. as28. it / that29. whatever30. to show【难度】中等2、2020普陀二模3、2020徐汇二模Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25)_______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough,and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”【答案】21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though 25. More surprisingly26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till【难度】中等4、2020杨浦二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too.(24) ________ curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone.(26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.【答案】21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Havingobserved 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us 【难度】中等5、2020崇明二模Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadside litter, aft er cigarette ends.An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks,(25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause.(26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles(鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairsof shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainabilit y message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.【答案】21. to create 22. because / as / since23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what【难度】中等6、2020长宁二模The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week.In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely tobe absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.【答案】21. which22. has decreased23. themselves24. what25. sharing26. conducted27. less likely28. as / though29. against30. it【难度】偏难7、2020松江二模After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, shedecided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challeng e) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.【答案】21. While / Though / Although 22. Seated 23. could / should 24. was challenged 25. herself26. how 27. being rejected 28. where 29. to find 30. in【难度】中等8、2020宝山二模As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, andnow we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work.To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposedto have the answers as a business leader. It'ssurprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.【答案】21. are running22.everything/anything 23.facing 24.that/which 25.to clear26.underestimated27.that 28.because/as/since 29.earlier 30.absorbing【难度】中等9、2020奉贤二模Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), theresearchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a ra nge detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.【答案】21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can【难度】中等10、2020闵行二模A Brief History of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks ____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings ____22____ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks ____23____ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The ____24____ (early) versions were probably twigs usedto get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by cutting food into smaller pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius(孔子), ____26____ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And heallows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believ ed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence ____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first ____28____ (create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steamingbundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.【答案】21. had swept22. as23. were developed 24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if / when30. As/ Because/ Since【难度】中等偏难11、2020浦东二模Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago asa college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper. I don’t recall(21)________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)________ (dance) off the page ina quote by Gandhi: “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on Mils that were so green that I (24)________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon (霓霓霓).But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)________my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend andget yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27)________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)________ you think you will never smile a gain, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)________, in the green of spring and the dead of winter; in the birth of a child and the passing ofa loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those(30)________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.【答案】21. what22. dancing 23. were read24. could25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During27. to be reminded28. when/as29. we30. who【难度】中等12、2020静安二模13、2020青浦二模Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport —trains, trams and buses —in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughlythe size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______“booming economy” and high concentratio n of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to ru n. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ____________ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The govern ment might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we m ade public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”【答案】21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of30. because/as/since【难度】中等14、2020虹口二模How Can Y ou Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best. No. 1 Study Photo s of Yourself The first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smiles until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) ______ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese,” but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) ______ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) ______ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth. No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good in pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) ______ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) ______ (mention), so try a source of natural light instead, such as a window.And if you know any other tips, share them with us!【答案】21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned【难度】中等偏难15、2020嘉定二模Long-term low self-esteem can cause depressionLow self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?Self-esteem is, very simply, the set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) __________self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not.Depression is much morethan just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) __________they diagnose the mental condition of major depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) __________low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) __________(depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) __________(employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) ____________________people are followed up over time.A study on depression, conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) __________(contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) __________not vice versa.Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) __________(great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) __________(improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.【答案】21. Unlike22. when 23. whether 24. to be depressed25. is employed26. in which 27. contrasted 28. but 29. greater 30. improving【难度】中等偏难。

2020届上海高三英语二模汇编6选42020届宝山区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.As 2019 draws to a close, it can be helpful to think about finishing what you have started. With that in mind, here are some thoughts on finishing projects and seasons well.Finishing projectsOne step to finishing a project comes near the beginning: define what it means for the project to be finished. This could mean getting an article published, submitting a report to your boss or teacher, or creating designs for a product. 67 .In order to finish projects, you must also plan out the steps you will take. Break your big task into smaller ones, and give yourself a short-term deadline for each of them. 68 .Then when you do finish -celebrate! Take some time to enjoy your accomplishment and reward yourself for all your hard work. Also take some time to consider how the project went what you did well, and what needs improvement. 69 .Finishing the yearAs we come to the end of 2019, it's good to take some time to pause and reflect on the past year. What goals did you reach or what have you learned? What would you like to do differently next year?While you're thinking, consider things you're thankful for from the year. You could make a list of 12, one for each month, or 52, one for each week. Or just write down as many things as you can think of. This will help you end the year with a positive attitude.70 . If you made mistakes, recognize them and then move on. No one can change the past, but you can learn from it and create a new future.By finishing projects and years well, you can move toward your long-term goals and set yourself up for future triumphs.参考答案；67-70 CEAF2020届崇明区高三英语二模Warm Waters Caused Many Sea Creatures to Move Far NorthA study has found that warmer waters off North America’s West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before. The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis.______ 67______ They identified a total of 67 species between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a “marine heatwave”. The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south.Some species were discovered outside a marine laboratory belonging to the University of California, Davis. A few were even found north of California. ______ 68 _______ The scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for predicting future sea life reactions to warming oceans.There is also evidence suggesting that warming waters in the Atlantic Ocean have caused some sea creatures to move northward. A 2017 report in Yale University’s online magazine Environment 360 explores this subject. The report notes that for many years, the ocean has served as our best defense against climate change. ______69________ This has led to warmer oceans, with experts predicting continuing rising temperatures.Warmer waters along the U.S. East Coast have affected a black sea fish. Researchers from Rutgers University reported the fish once was mainly found off the coast of North Carolina. But they discovered the species had traveled more than 700 kilometers northward, to waters off the coast of New Jersey.________70________ Using climate models, researchers predicted that some species along the U.S. and Canadian Pacific coasts will move as far as 1,400 kilometers north from their current habitats. Such movement is expected to cause major difficulties for fisheries both in the U.S. and Canada, the study found.参考答案：67. C68. D69. A70. F2020届奉贤区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism, the researchers said. (67) _______ Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68) ________ Some people feel “peer pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldn’t be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. (69) ________Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. (70) _______ On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos --even if they click “like”.参考答案：67-70CBFDInstructor-centered or Learner-centered?Whether in the East or West, the chief business of traditional education is to pass to the next generation the skills, facts, and standards of moral and social conduct that adults consider to be necessary for the next generation’s material and social success.____67____ The students work individually on assignments, and cooperation is discouraged. The result of this emphasis on what instructors do is that students may become passive learned and do not take responsibility for their own learning. Educators call this traditional method “instructor-centered teaching”.In contrast, “learner - centered teaching” occurs when instructors focus on student learning. It is an approach to teaching that is increasingly being encouraged in higher education. _____68_____ These methods include active learning, in which students solve problems, answer questions, formulate questions of their own, discuss, explain, debate, or brainstorm during class; cooperative learning, in which students work in teams on problems and projects under conditions that assure both positive interdependence and individual account ability; and inductive（归纳法）teaching and learning, in which students are first presented with challenges and learn the couse material in the context of addressing the challenges.Although learner-centered methods have repeatedly been shown to be superior to the traditional teacher-centered approach to instruction, the best teaching, according to Parker Plamer, the author of The Courage to Teach, is not one or the other, but a combination of both. ____69____Learner-centerd teachers still need to lecture because teachers are the definitive content experts in the classroom and the knowledge and experiences of teachers can be extremely helpful to students. ____70____ They must recognize that students can learn from each other and that the deepest learning happens when students have the opportunity to practice and obtain feedback.参考答案：67 - 70 CDFBFraming risk, reducing panicFor four decades, psychologists have studied how people see risk and what causes them to overreact to terrorist attacks and other extreme events. Those misplaced reactions can lead to the shame of people and prevention of daily activities, causing a new set of problems on top of a current crisis.____67____Timely, honest communication from a source an audience considers credible is essential to containing fear, but governments have the tough job of explaining risk and telling people how to act without also seeding alarm.___68____Messages may be more helpful when delivered in creative formats. Visuals are very powerful. We can't just tell people things, we have to show them. When people are using the more primary part of their brain, visuals are more powerful than our higher order tools, including language.___69___ People can understand just about anything if you do your job right as a communicator. That includes keeping it simple and communicating what people need to know, versus what is nice to know, expressing risk in numbers--"there's a 30 percent chance of rain"--and reminding people of the opportunity cost of waiting for more evidence.Psychologists working in the field of risk communication assume we have too much control through our messaging.___70___参考答案：67-70: DEBF2020届金山区高三英语二模A. Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物). They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo.But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores(食肉动物).About half of the calories they eat come from protein, accordingto a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks (秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.参考答案：67-70: DAEB2020届闵行区高三英语二模A.Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .B.I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing .C.In my personal opinion, boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not to have atry.D.Professional boxers are much more at risk than their amateur counterparts.E.Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxingBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that people, especially me n ,find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives . 67However, there is a negative side to boxing. 68 Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionall , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring.____69____ Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out, he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it.68 I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressivesports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already !Of course, people like competitive sports , and so do I , but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.参考答案：67. A68. F69. E70. B2020届浦东新区高三英语二模If Harry Potter and Huckleberry Finn were each to represent British versus American children’s literature, a curious situation would emerge : In a literary competition for the hearts and minds of children, one is a wizard（巫师）- in - training at a boarding school in the Scottish Highlands, while the other is a barefoot boy drifting down the Mississippi, bothered by cheats, slave hunters, and thieves. One defeats evil with a magic stick, the other takes to a raft（筏）to right a social wrong. ______67_______The small island of Great Britain is an unquestionably powerhouse of children’s bestsellers: Alice in Wonderland, Harry Potter, and The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Significantly, all are fantasies. ______68_______ Stories like The Call of the Wild. Charlotte’s Web, Little Women, and the Adventures of Tom Sawyer are more notable for their realistic portraits of day-to-day life in the towns and farmlands on the growing frontier. If British children gathered in the dim light of the kitchen fireplace to hear stories about magic swords and talking bears, American children sat at their mother’s knee listening tales with moral messages about a world where life was hard, obedience emphasized, and Christian morality valued. Each style has its virtues, but the British approach undoubtedly creates the kinds of stories that appeal to the furthest reaches of children’s imagination.______69______ For one, the British have always been in touch with their pagan（异教徒的）folk traditions and stories, says Maria Tatar, a Harvard professor of children’s literature. After all, the country’s very origin story is about a young king tutored by a wizard. Legends have always been accepted as history, from Merlin to Macbeth. “Even as the British were digging into these magical worlds, Americans, much more realistic, always viewed their soil as something to exploit,” says Tatar.American write fantasies too, but nothing like the British, says Jerry Griswold, a San Diego State University professor of children’s literature. He said, “______70______” To prove it, he mentioned Dorothy, the heroine of Wizard of Oz（绿野仙踪）who unmasks the great and powerful Wizard as a cheat. Meanwhile, American fantasies differ in another way: They usually end with a moral lesson learned - for example, in Oz, Dorothy’s journey ends with the realization: “There’s no place like home.”参考答案67-70FDAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence canA period of important agricultural development began in the early 1700s in Great Britain and the Low Countries(Belgium, Luxembourg. and the Netherlands, which lie below sea level).(67)________One of the most important of these developments was an improved horse-drawn seed drill invented by Jethro Tull in England. Until that time. farmers sowed seeds by hand. Tull's drill made rows of holes for the seeds. By the end of the 18th century, seed drilling was widely practiced in Europe. Many other machines were developed in the United States. (68)_______ At about the same time. John and Hiram Pitts introduced a horse-powered thresher (脱粒机) that shortened the process of separating grain and seed from straw. John Deere's steel plow (犁), introduced in 1837,made it possible to work the tough soil with much less horsepower.Along with new machines. there were several important advances in selective farming. By selectively breeding animals (breeding those with desirable traits), farmers increased the size and productivity of their livestock. Plants could also be selectively bred for certain qualities. In 1866, Gregor Mendel's studies in heredity (遗传) were published in Austria. (69)_______ His work paved the way for improving crops through genetics.New crop planting methods also evolved during this time. Many of these were adopted over the next century or so throughout Europe. For example. the Norfolk four-field system, developed in England. proved quite successful. Itinvolved the yearly rotation (轮作) of several crops, including wheat, turnips, barley, clover, and ryegrass. (70)________ Moreover, this method enabled farmers to grow enough to sell some of their harvest without having to leave any land unplanted.Not all parts of the world benefited from these developments instantly. however. Farmers in other parts such as Australia and Africa continued to use old ways of agriculture for a long time.参考答案：67—70 FDCA2020届徐汇区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.The Podcast (播客) BoomDo you prefer to watch TV or listen to the radio? There was a time when some people thought moving pictures would spell the end of tuning in to the radio for entertainment and information. But radio survived and boomed. (67) ____________________Perhaps the growth in podcasting is not surprising—it offers a digital audio file that can be downloaded and stored for listening at any time. It can also be streamed from the internet and played on a computer or MP3 player. And it’s not just broadcasters, like the BBC, who are producing podcasts: now commercial broadcasters, individuals and companies with no connection to broadcasting are making them. In fact, anyone with something to say, and a few pounds to spend on the equipment, can get involved.The digital audio files are cheap to produce and, thanks to the internet, easy to distribute. (68) ____________________ Journalist Ben Hammersley told the BBC that “two changes transformed the market—one cultural and one technical.” A technical breakthrough came in 2012 when Apple produced the iPhone podcast app, which proved a popular library system for listeners. This was followed by a dramatic improvement in inexpensive recording production and editing equipment. Finally, the development of 4G mobile phone connections and widespread wi-fi meant listeners could browse, download or stream shows whenever they wanted.(69) ____________________ It was a piece of investigative journalism hosted by Sarah Koenig, telling a non-fiction story over multiple episodes(集). To date, the first and second seasons of the show have had more than 340 million downloads. Advertisers soon realized the money-making potential of this and other successful podcasts. And where the audience goes, the money follows. From 2017 to 2018 advertising spending on podcasts in the UK went from $10.6m(£8.5m) to $19.7m, an 85% increase, according to Ovum.(70) ____________________ In fact, as Ben Hammersley explains, podcasting has brought people into broadcasting who would normally never have seen the inside of a recording studio. “There are of course professional podcasters, but there are many more people who create quality content and do it for nothing,” he says. “And that is changing not just the way we listen to audio but the way the broadcasting industry works.”参考答案：67-70 CFAD2020届杨浦区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Most paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow(发光）－in-the-dark paint.Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive.(67)___ His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees,horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors ,but it often appears to be the source of the light.(68)____ Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way of adding a little light to the world.Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti. (69) _____Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness. Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness.A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure.(70)_____With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light.参考答案：67-70 D B F ASection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youThe alphabet was born about 3800 years ago. After a slow start, it has produced dozens of offspring(后代). 67 Near the beginning of this period, the Phoenician alphabet—a direct offspring of the first one—gave rise to the Greek and Aramaic alphabets. The Greek alphabet then led to a huge variety of forms, from the Cyrillic family used in south-east Europe and northern Asia to the Latin/Roman family that includes English, German and French. The Aramaic alphabet, meanwhile, developed into a group that includes the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. It probably also gave rise to the Brahmi script, another distinct type of alphabet that is itself the parent of dozens more used across south and South-East Asia.68 In the first—of which Chinese text is the only real example still in use—signs represent full words. In the other, signs represent syllables (音节). Japanese uses many Chinese “word” characters, but has two other writing systems based on syllable signs. The few other syllable-based systems include the Cherokee one used in the south-east US.The variety and global dominance of the alphabet isn’t necessarily a sign of its superiority to other writing systems, says Amalia Gnanadesikan, recently retired from the University of Maryland. 69 For instance, they are used across north Asia, Africa and the Americas because of Russian and western European expansionism.The fact that alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems isn’t entirely beneficial either, says Gnanadesikan. 70 Take the phrase “dog bites man”. Someone learning Chinese has to understand just three signs—rather than 11letters—to read and write the sentence. “So you get a very rapid ability to translate what you’re learning into use,” she says. Moreover, children in Japan learn the hiragana (平假名) syllable-based writing system so easily that they can often start reading aged 3.参考答案：67-70 EDFBSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Ecotourism can put wild animals at riskEcotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years. _____67_____ There travelers visit natural environments to fund conservation efforts or promote local economies.Now, scientists have analyzed more than 100 research studies on how ecotourism affects wild animals. They find the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, and those changes may put them at risk. Therefore, they concluded that such trips can be harmful to the animals.When animals interact in seemingly kind ways with humans, they may let down their guard. _____68_____. If this transfers to their interactions with predators（捕食者）, they are more likely to be injured or killed.The presence of humans can also discourage natural predators. It creates a kind of safe place for smaller animals that may make them bolder. For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less alert and spend more time eating.____69____ “If animals become accustomed to tourists and if tourism practices enhance this taming, we might create unintended consequences -affecting the behavior or population of a species and influencing the species’ function in its community,” the researchers write.Ecotourism has effects similar to those of animal domestication and urbanization. Research has shown that domesticated silver foxes become more obedient and less fearful. Fox squirrels and birds that live in urbanized areas are slower to flee from danger. _____70_____Scientists hope the new analysis will encourage more research into the interactions between people and wildlife. It is essential to develop further understanding of how various species in various situations respond to human interaction and under what conditions human exposure may place them at risk.参考答案：67-70：EAFC2020届青浦区高考英语二模Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than youDogs’ noses are amazing. Not only are they up to 100 million times more sensitive than ours, they can sense weak thermal radiation— the body heat of mammalian (哺乳动物的) prey, a new study reveals. The find helps explain how dogs with damaged sight, hearing, or smell can still hunt successfully.“It’s a fascinating discovery,” says Marc Bekoff, an expert on dog sniffing (嗅探). “It provides yet another window into the sensory worlds of dogs’ highly evolved cold noses.” The ability to sense weak, radiating heat is known in only some animals: black fire beetles, certain snakes, and one species of mammal, the common vampire bat, all of which use it to hunt prey. _______67_______ . But the tips of dogs’ noses are moist, colder than the surrounding temperature, and richly endowed with nerves—all of which suggests an ability to detect not just smell, but heat.To test the idea, researchers at Lund University trained three pet dogs to choose between a warm (31°C) and a surrounding-temperature object, each placed 1.6 meters away. _______68_______ . (Scientists could only detect the difference by touching the surfaces.) After training, the dogs were tested on their skill in double-blind experiments; all three successfully detected the objects emitting weak thermal radiation.Next, the researchers scanned the brains of 13 pet dogs of various breeds while presenting the dogs with objects emitting neutral or weak thermal radiation. The left somatosensory cortex in dogs’ brains, was more responsive to the warm thermal stimulus than to the neutral one. The scientists identified a group of 14 voxels (体素) in this region of the dogs’ left brains , but didn’t find any in the right, and none in any part of the dogs’ brains in response to the neutral stimulus._______69_______ . Also, a specific region of their brains is activated by this infrared (relating to a type of light) radiation, the scientists say. They suspect dogs inherited the ability from their ancestor, the gray wolf, who may use it to sniff out warm bodies during a hunt.“The study is consistent with other research that describes the combined dog nose and brain as a highly complicated platform for processing a broad range of signals,” says Gary Settles, a professor of mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State University. “The dog nose can distinguish patterns of hot and cold objects at a distance,” he said. “_______ 70_______ . That needs further study.”参考答案：DBFC。

As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.答案：21. are running 22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated 27.that28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbingSneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneak er for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadsid e litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread the ir sustainability message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.答案：21. to create 22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest 24. costing 25. which26. Priced 27. feature 28. is used 29. without 30. whatPlants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut,(27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.答案：21. forced 22. which 23. growing 24. thought 25. To test26.an 27. while 28. Although/While/Though 29. that30. could/canHow Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smiles until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) ______ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese,” but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) ______ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) ______ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good in pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) ______ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) ______ (mention), so try a source of natural light instead, such as a window.And if you know any other tips, share them with us!答案：21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything30. to be mentionedLego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the br icks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circ ular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles –used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”答案：21. that / which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 25. although / because26. may / might 27. as 28. it / that 29. whatever 30. to showLong-term low self-esteem can cause depressionLow self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?Self-esteem is, very simply, the set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) __________self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not. Depression is much more than just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) __________they diagnose the mental condition of m ajor depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) __________low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) __________(depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) __________(employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) __________ __________people are followed up over time.A study on depression, conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) __________(contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) __________not vice versa.Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) __________(great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) __________(improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.答案：21. Unlike 22. when 23. whether 24. to be depressed 25. is employed26. in which 27. contrasted 28. but 29. greater 30. improvingA ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies (僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It co mes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate hon or of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.答案：21.to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been26.where 27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. untilA Brief History of ChopsticksWe’ve discussed the story of the knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks (21)________(sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings (22)________ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks (23)________(develop) about 5,000 years ago in China. The (24)________(early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scarce, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out (25)________ to conserve fuel by cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius (孔子), (26)________ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “The honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse (屠宰场) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence, (27)________(kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first (28)________(create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black (29)________ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. (30)________ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.答案：21. had swept 22. as 23. were developed 24. earliest25. how 26. as 27. killing 28. to create29. if / when 30. As/ Because/ SinceGreen Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21)_______ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)_______ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of un truth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)_______ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24)_______ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)_______ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)_______ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need t he chance (27)_______ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)_______ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)_______ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30)_______ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.答案：21. what 22. dancing 23. were read 24. could 25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During 27. to be reminded 28. when/as 29. we 30. whoLuxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______ “booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in tr affic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million pe r year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______ making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ______ ______ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______ it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”答案：21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of 30. because/as/sinceAfter graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.答案：21—25 While / Though / Although; Seated; could / should; was challenged; herself26—30 how; being rejected; where; to find; inDiscovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas wit h their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”答案：21. signed 22. to find 23. was labeled/labelled 24. as if/though25. More surprisingly 26. placing 27. where 28. might 29. that 30. until/tillA Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.答案：21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us。

上海市奉贤区2020届高三下学期英语二模考试卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary(共2题；共20分)1．（10分）After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time,researchers appear to have evidence that like animals,those plants deprived of water or(force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain.The study,has yet to be published in a scientific Journal,adds another dimension to scientists(grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years,it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (think).They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light."Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,"said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany."They're living organisms which have their own problems."Actually making their suffering hearable,however,is another matter entirely.(test) that possibility,a team led by Itzhak Khait,a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率)four inches from tomato and tobacco plants.The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of20to150kilohertz(千赫),the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise.But when cut,tobacco plants emitted average of15sounds within an hour of being cut,tomato plants produced25sounds.researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds,Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper as water travels through the plants'tubes, air bubbles will form and explode,producing small vibrations.All this"screaming"caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears.But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice,bats or perhaps other plants--possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as15feet.2．（10分）Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find"Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem.Then came the piano chords,trumpet blasts,violin serenades(小夜曲)and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it from people's homes,out of windows and from balconies,and resounding across rooftops.Finally,on Saturday afternoon,a nationwide of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain under house arrest as the nation,the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus,has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets,from people in their homes,reflects the spirit,resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls,it has also demonstrated the of those national characters.In China,patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring needed food to the people of Wuhan,the epicenter of the outbreak.In Iran,videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep up.And in Italy,the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets,while social media feeds fill with,sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤)from tightly masks have also spread across the web in recent days.Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title"It will all be OK.""We're Italians,and loving singing is part of our culture,"said Giorgio Albertini,51,an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan,calling it a way"to feel a community,and to have the grief."二、Reading Comprehension(共5题；共41分)3．（15分）For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard.That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has（1）it from his life. As a rule,he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is（2）by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)(a somewhat new,divisive field) at Northwestern University.As Business Insider describes,Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw onsome controversial ideas in psychology,including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that,to（3）happiness,people should"build a life that requires（4）decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level,Cerf's idea（5）:Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of（6）people around them.One example Cerf furnishes is that,（7）consistently ordering the second menu item,he never picks where to eat.Rather,he（8）his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with,probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's（9）what,if any,scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice,there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more（10）than liberating.An example from Quanta poits(假设):If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架),choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力)or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力)should be a（11）.And,as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows,most of the time it is,（12）you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars(Snickers,Milky Way,and Almond Joy)they had no problem picking their favorite,but when they were given the option of one among 20,including Snickers,they would sometimes drift away from their（13）.When the choices were taken away in later trials,the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details,according to a model called"divisive normalization(分裂归一化),which has gained some popularity,the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So,if you have two things that are clearly（14）,brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear.When the choices are comparable,the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two,but more choices（15）that ability out.（1）A．relieved B．released C．eliminated D．liberated（2）A．influenced B．inherited C．implemented D．informed（3）A．maximize B．balance C．cherish D．seek（4）A．safer B．fewer C．better D．sounder（5）A．stands out B．comes into forceC．makes sense D．plays a part（6）A．distinguished B．trusted C．authorized D．honored（7）A．in addition to B．instead of C．in spite of D．regardless of（8）A．conveys B．relates C．submits D．limits（9）A．evident B．unclear C．critical D．inevitable（10）A．confusing B．inspiring C．worrying D．appealing（11）A．stressor B．no-brainer C．challenge D．headache（12）A．after B．before C．when D．until（13）A．preference B．struggle C．status D．direction（14）A．impressive B．insignificant C．unique D．distinct（15）A．crowd B．figure C．sort D．put4．（8分）Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open,a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers.When the bee has had her fill,she'll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another,and so on for about20minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her50,000or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit4,000flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me--without ever asking for anything in return.（1）（2分）What does"me"refer to in the passage?A．The flower.B．The bee.C．Water.D．Honey.（2）（2分）What is the2nd paragraph mainly about?A．Bees'special talent.B．Bees'hard work.C．Bees'living environment.D．Bees'social behavior.（3）（2分）Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A．A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B．Before"me"is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C．The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D．Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.（4）（2分）What is the purpose of the passage?A．To appeal for help for honeybees.B．To talk about the history of a treasure.C．To put forward techniques for gardeners.D．To argue against the control of chemicals.5．（6分）Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the2D films you can handle for one monthly price.Watch what you want, when you want,as many times as you want.Plus,save money when watching films in3D and others.After you've been with us for more than1year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into3D films completely free too!Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet10%off all in-cinema food and drink.Plus get10%off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores. First year card holders get10%off,whilst Premium card holders get25%off Cineworld's in-cinema food and drinks including,all drinks,popcorn,nachos,hotdogs,ice cream,pick n mix and much more.Plus all card holders get10%discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you.For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for90days.The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription.You can earn a maximum of12Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code,so recommend Unlimited to12friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!（1）（2分）The cinema names its membership card"Unlimited"because_______.A．one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB．Cineworld members can enjoy as many2D and3D films as they like for freeC．it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at CineworldD．card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives（2）（2分）Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A．The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B．Premium card holders can have25%off at a licensed Starbucks.C．Whoever persuades6friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D．A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.（3）（2分）This passage is probably written to______.A．secure the loyalty of potential customersB．introduce the latest movies and discountsC．promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD．give away movie cards to readers for free6．（8分）阅读理解A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic,in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole,which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days,has reached record dimensions,but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south.If it extends further south overpopulated areas,such as southern Greenland,people would be at increased risk of sunburn.However,on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡),and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere–from human activities–caused the hole to form."The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,"said Vincent-Henri Peuch,director ofthe Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service."We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的)conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone.Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic,which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)clouds and the catalytic(催化的)destruction of ozone."The hole is not related to the Covid-19shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis,or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis.Temperatures in the region are already increasing,slowing the depletion of ozone,and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes.The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the1987Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议),but some sources appear still to be functioning--in2018,unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic,said Peuch."However,this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted,and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where theozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again."（1）（2分）What is the possible meaning of the underlined word"depletion"? A．replacement B．consumption C．increase D．production（2）（2分）According to the passage,scientists are concerned about the hole because______.A．it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB．the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC．it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD．it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis（3）（2分）What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A．The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B．Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C．The Montreal Protocolhas successfully prevented new emissions.D．Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.（4）（2分）The best title for the passage is probably______.A．Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB．Actions Urgently Neededfora New Hole in Ozone LayerC．Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD．How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth7．（4分）Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Taking selfies is definitely one experience that many people like doing and sharing with theonline world.B.People who post group selfies also show a need for popularity and a need to belong to aPeople like to post their selfies(自拍照)on social media.To know more about it,scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism,the researchers said.Makana Chock,a professor from Syracuse University,said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives,it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity."Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.Some people feel"peer pressure"to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience,it did not really happen."Anyway,it shouldn't be seen as negative.People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,"Chock said.Other findings from the study include:There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.On trips and special events,our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.They would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.They were happy to hear your comments.On social media, however,people can decide not to look at photos--even if they click"like".三、Summary Writing(共1题；共5分)8．（5分）Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless.When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak,she got down on her hands and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor.She told me,"My floor wasn't even dirty,but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power,despite the desperate circumstances."Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away.Your perspective can victimize or empower you. When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can't,it's easier to accept whatever is beyond your control.Small gestures during hard times gentle worry and concern.Often during emergencies and crises, people start performing acts of kindness at random.Helping others through a crisis by performing good deeds can make you feel in control.The obvious benefit when you reach out to help someone else is that you get a break from your own worries for a while.Contributing,giving,volunteering,donating and performing kind acts,no matter how small or brief,connect you to other people(and animals)in a deeply meaningful,humane way.So practice doing small gestures for others and yourself.Positive action is supposed to be taken to ensure you a sense of control.Make"cans"out of "cannots"and focus on what you can control.Take advantage of this restrictive time to clear clutter out of your basement,pull weeds in the garden,organize drawers,closets,and bookshelves,or get caught up on fun hobbies you've neglected for a while.Focus on a thought,person,pet,or object that stir hope and positivity within you.Hope always exists alongside of despair.四、Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.(共4题；共20分)9．（5分）我们从来没有像现在这么渴望去学校上课！(Never)10．（5分）既然只能宅在家里，何不做点自己喜欢做但平时又没时间做的事情呢？(Why not) 11．（5分）在欧洲许多作为理想社交场所的咖啡店不得不关门谢客来应对这场公共卫生危机。

2020届宝山区高三英语二模Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, maynot sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:?Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.?Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.?Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge withoutthe pressure to perform or to always be right.21. are running22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated27.that 28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbing2020届崇明区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’sstickysituations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organizationIamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_______(create) a limited edition sneaker foradults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22) _______it is made fromplastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_______ (common) form ofroadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrownaway on the sidewalks each year, (24)_______ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up.Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn theminto Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25) _______will also raiseawareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_______ (price) at around $332, the shoes will comeinto the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pinkand a black/red colorway—(27)_______ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底)shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made fromgum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_______ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map ofAmsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Evenbetter, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29) _______ the annoying stickiness. Justas good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streetsand keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainability message, (30) _______Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.参考答案：21. to create22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which 26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what2020届奉贤区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprivedof water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22)______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23)______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24)______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “P are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonnin Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”　Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______(test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches fromtomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and hiscolleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants'tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming”　caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. Butorganisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30)______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.参考答案：21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can2020届虹口区高三英语二模Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, itreally all (21) __________ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, yousure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos beforeyou can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) __________ __________ they make youashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23)__________ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in thefuture.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) __________ (figure) out, start using what youlearned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and youable to mentally pick out a pose in the future - (25) __________ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile untilyou find one that fits. You should consider (26) __________ a closed or an open - mouthed smilelooks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese andtry out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) __________ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural,realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) __________ (happen) isplacing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality,the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) __________ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30)__________ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.参考答案：21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned2020届黄浦区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage,Lego now wantsthem back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S.can dump old bricks in abox,print a free shipping label,and send them off to Give Back Box,a socialenterprise(21)______ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for Americaand the Boys and Girls Club of Boston."The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22)______ (call)ABS,andthe toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It's already fairly common,of course,that Legos (23)______ (hand)down from one child to another."says T imBrooks,vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while(24)______ (maintain)Lego's standard of quality.“We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,"he says."You shouldn't get a really inferior experience(25)______ the bricks are donated. "If the program goes well, Brooks says,it(26)______ expand.He sees it(27)______ one version of the circular economy,a system of keepingmaterials in use-and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy."You can build a rocket and then you can take (28)______ apart and build aship,or a car,or a house,or (29)______ you like,"Brooks says.As toys are reused, that'sanother circular system“We intend(30)______ (show)that great quality toys like Legocan be used in lots of repeating circles-used,reused,donated,used,reused, donated."参考答案：21.that/which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 26. may/might27.as 28.it/that 29. whatever 25. although/ because 30. to show2020届金山区高三英语二模I. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingzombies (僵尸).” They You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphoneare too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in tenpeople admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay moreattention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and makeit illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones,tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walkin It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the UnitedStates resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of beinga major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city inthe country.”　Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of$15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians(28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers,such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honoluluby using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could justwait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.参考答案：21.to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been26.where 27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. until2020届闵行区高三英语二模A brief history of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils(器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been wielding chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 chopsticks 21(sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings 22cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there's more tochopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks 23 (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The 24 (early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resourcesbecame scare, around 400 B. C. ,crafty chefs figured out 25 to conserve fuel bychopping food into smaller pieces that required less cooking fuel, and besides, it could becooked more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at-violent teachings of Confucius ( 孔the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non子)，26 expressed in one of his numerousquotations:“ the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, he believed sharp points evoked( 诱发) violence 27 (kill) the happy, contented that knives’　mood that should reign during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick usequickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first28 (create) the now-ubiquitous disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood.Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral, brass or agate versions, while the mostprivileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would corrode and turn black 29it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another staple of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you'd think that rice wouldn't make the cut,but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches(淀粉质食品)in these rices create a cooked product that is gummy and clumpy, unlike the fluffy anddistinct grains of Western long- grain rice. 30 chopsticks come together to lift steamingbundles of sticky rice, it's a match made in heaven.参考答案：21. had swept22. as23. Were developed24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if/when30. As/Because/Since2020届浦东新区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored,working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21) _________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere,those two words came (22) _________ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.After those words (23) _________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longerbored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-greenlawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend toLas Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24)_________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. Welanded after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25) _________ (awake) to find signs of spring allover my yard. (26) _________ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three dayslater, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants playthe A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety ofwildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27) _________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After myhusband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28) _________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29) _________ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in thebirth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts ofthose (30) _________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.21. what 22.dancing 23.were read24.could25.awoke/was awoken26.In/During27.to be reminded 28.when/as29.we30.who2020届松江区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital.She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it.But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21)________ this job turned out rewarding. she soon got tired of it. (22)__________ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23)_______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan, she titled the course 'Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway', Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24)_______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn't know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized. she had equipped (25)________ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course. they were amazed at (26)_______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27)______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers. she unwillinglyput the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing. she went through the drawer (28)______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up. she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore.(29)_______(find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30)__________ her way.21-25 While / Though/ Although: Seated: could / should: was challenged: herself26-30 low: being rejected: where: to find: in2020届徐汇区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers,(21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no lastname. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNAtest as aChristmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot ofDNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but oneHis name was Vincent Ghant.match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.”　Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their wholelives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25)_______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the samesubjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. Buttimes were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26)_______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to putinto words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local teashop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family forplacing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebratedChristmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’stime toleave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got yea years to catch up on.”21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though25. More surprisingly 26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till2020届杨浦区高三英语二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During Wartells the importance of giving The saying “an army marches on its stomach”　soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) forsoldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, F anta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drinkwas invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began,syrupthe Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a(23)new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic”　________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain forthe purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered ahigh-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was thatwhite rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating ricealone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, whichcontained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve itssailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) acrossJapan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available,since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kindof precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caughton.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy andsatisfied.21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25.which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29.consisting 30. everyone/us2020届长宁区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper formof the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, th answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often atrendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer thanfive days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in Americanfamilies by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too:from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is.Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) familymeals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested thatchildren who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher riskof fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction andSubstance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parentsfive or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all,having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. Theprimary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in thestudies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (3 ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.。

2020届上海各区高三二模英语试卷中译英汇编2020年上海市各区高三年级第二学期高考模拟试卷（二模）英语试卷选编（中译英部分）目录宝山区 (1)崇明区 (2)奉贤区 (2)虹口区 (2)金山区 (3)闵行区 (3)浦东新区 (3)徐汇区 (4)嘉定区 (4)声明：本材料仅供教师备课、考生复习之用，相关版权归著作权人所有。

各区排名不分先后。

提示：本文档已编排电子目录，在目录相应条目上按住Ctrl键并单击鼠标可直接追踪链接；亦可使用“导航窗格”。

宝山区1.我们不惧风雨，也不畏任何险阻。

(or)2.戴口罩是阻止病毒传播的有效方式。

(keep)3.时不我待，时间和历史都属于奋进者。

(as)4.生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任。

(issue)1.We are not afraid of winds and rains, or any kind of difficulties.2.Putting on a face mask is an effective way to keep virus from spreading.3.Time and tide wait for no one as time and history are both on the side of hard workers.4.Life is of great importance. When a terrible disease / an epidemic breaks out, a command is issued. It is ourresponsibility to prevent and control it/ the disease.崇明区1.孩子的每一点进步对父母来说都很重要。

(mean)2.在某种程度上，这种新措施有可能缓解这个城市的交通堵塞。

(possibility)3.从来没有人不努力就能成功，所以你必须制定一个切实可行的计划，并付诸于行动。