2020届上海高三英语二模汇编 语法填空

黄浦区2019-2020年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试高三英语（本试卷总分值140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question9. A. Students prefer living out of town.you have heard.1.A. In an art gallery.B. In a classroom.2.A. 5 weeks.B. 15 weeks.3.A. A Chinese restaurant.C. Gold Road.4.A. Egg.氏Fish.5.A. What the department library offers.C. What professional articles (he man needs.6.A. Have a job interview.C. Open the letter box.7.A. He will hand it in tomorrow.C. It's about a strike.8.A. Work with her colleagues.C. Stay alone in the office. C. In a railway station.D. In a ward.C. 20 weeks.D. 25 weeks.B.Bill's company.D. The Ground Theatre.C.Pork.D. Steak.B. Where the man can find what he wants.D.Where general books are available. B. Make an advertisement.D. Buy a copy of Daily Mail.B. It's a difficult job fbr him.D. He'll consult his friend about it.B. Make coffee for others.D. Socialize with her co-workers.B. It,s impossible to find an ideally located town.C. They have the flat (hat will satisfy the woman.D. He will make sure where the vacancies are.A. He often goes back home late for dinner.B.He shares some of the household duties.C.He dines out with friends from time to time.D.He cooks dinner for the family occasionally.Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the necessarily age-related. I've been teaching undergraduates fbr my entire career and I can prove that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors — loads of them. They walk into the wrong classroom; they show up to exams without the required No. 2 pencil; they forget something I just said two minutes before. These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do.The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves2020.05about them. Twenty-year-olds don't think, “Oh dea r, this must be early-onset Alzheimer s（早老性痴呆症）.“They think, really need to get more than four hours of sleep.” The 70-ycar-olds observe these same events and worry about their brain health. This is to say that every error of short-term memory doesn't necessarily indicate a biological disorder.So how do we account fbr our subjective experience （hat older adults seem to search for words and names with difficulty? First, there is a generalized cognitive（iA& W） slowing with age but given a little more time, older adults perform just fine. Second, older adults have to search through more memories than younger adults to find the fact or piece of information they're looking fbr. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and infbnnation. It's not that you can't remember - you can - it's just that there is so much more information to sort through.第H卷（共40分）V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72.这位诗人的作品以天马行空而著称。

高考英语二模试卷题号I II III IV V VI 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）ACalled "the man who shaped America" and "the father of modern industrial design" ， Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time． He revolutionized the industry， working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators， from cars to the interiors of spacecraft． Loewy's design all had one thing in common． They were shaped by the MAYA principle -Most Advanced Yet Acceptable． His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs．After a short period as a fashion illustrator， Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by re-designing a copying machine for the British manufacturer， Sigmund Gestetner． The 28-year-old designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years．The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining （流线型）． He described this as "beauty through function and simplification"． He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos to the interiors of stores． The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action．He is perhaps most famous for his re-design of the Lucky Strike packaging． In 1940 ， the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company， George Washington Hill， bet Loewy 美元50，000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike． Loewy accepted the challenge． He changed the background of the packet from green to white． Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet． This made itmore eye-catching and greatly increased sales． It is now recognized as a design classic． Loewy's logo design aimed at "Visual retention"． He wanted to make sure that anyone whosaw the logo， even for a short while， would never forget it． He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil ， Exxon， Greyhound and Nabisco．By the mid-20th century， his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say "the average person， leading a normal life…is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things， service or structure" designed by his firm．1. Loewy's biggest influence was in ______ ．A. completely changing the design industryB. successfully shaping Americans' tasteC. changing people's idea about designD. building a professional design team2. Loewy's designs were based on the idea of ______ ．A. providing most immediately recognizable designsB. providing completely different designsC. speeding up the design processD. offering original but not revolutionary answers to problems3. Loewy's logo designs aimed at ______ ．第1页，共16页A. making the companies well knownB. bringing freshness for a short whileC. attracting people to the companies' historyD. making company symbols very memorable4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______A. Loewy provided service to ordinary people．B. Loewy's designs were famous and influential．C. Loewy's design firms existed all over the world．D. Loewy was welcomed and respected by the public．BA familiar voice is just few digits away from you． Whether you prefer high-tech options or more traditional landlines， there are affordable way to call home when you travel abroad， even if you don't carry an internationally-capable cellphone．Repaid Calling CardsRepaid calling cards provide the ultimate in flexibility： they can be used from most locations， including pay phones， cell phones and landlines． But not all calling cards are equal， especially overseas． Compare the rate options associated with different cards， whether youbuy them before you travel or on the road． Some charge a pre-connection fee as well as a per minute fee， for example．Callback ServiceAs the name suggests， these services call you and then place your call at cheaper rates． You initiate the call by dialing a "trigger number -a connection to the call-back service's computers． Let the call ring once and then hang up． The computer calls you back from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after verifying your account number． Often cheaper than direct-dial calls， but the services may not work at hotels， where staff may not accept the return calls． The service is welcome to those who make lots of international calls．Voice Over Internet Protocol （VoIP）VoIP works by digitalizing your voice and sending it via the Internet to the person you're calling， who hears it on his PC speakers， or by routing it through regular telephone lines to anyone's standard phone line． VoIP services generally work best with a broadband or wireless Internet connection and can be used from hotel rooms， Internet cafes or wireless hot spots if you have a notebook computer． Since most calls use the Internet， and connections into and out of the Internet are typically local calls， the rates are astonishing low．5. According to the passage，if computer technology is not available，travelers are advisedto call by ______ ．A. landlineB. repaid calling cardC. callback serviceD. pay phone6. What is focused on in the callback service？ ______A. Making a phone call as brief as possible．B. Taking advantage of the hotel phone call service．C. Saving on calls by calling from home．D. Using the bank account for call pay in any country．7. The passage is mainly intended to ______ ．A. offer tips to travelers on how to call home for lessB. help travelers find the easiest way to call back homeC. introduce the optional approaches to family connectionD. advise travelers to call home through broadband or wireless InternetCTourism is a leisure activity， whose prework means just the opposite． Acting as a tourist is one of the clear characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that， it is organized within particular place and occurs for a period of time， which is arranged beforehand． Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to， and their stay in， various destinations． This necessarily involves some movement， that is the journey， and a period of stay in a new place or places． The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places， of residence and work， and are of a short-term and temporary nature， and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time．Modern societies engage in such tourist practices． New socialized forms of transportation andhotel facilities have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists， as opposed to the individual character of travel． Places are chosen to be visited and be gazedupon because there is an anticipation （期望） especially through daydreaming and fantasy ofintense pleasures， either on a different scale or involving different senses from those who havebeen there． Such anticipation is also constructed and stays through a variety of non-touristpractices， such as films， TV， literature， magazines， records and videos which constructand reinforce this daydreaming．Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off fromeveryday experience． Such aspects are viewed because they are thought to be in some senseout of the ordinary． The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of socialpatterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life． People hang around these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs， postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured．One of the earliest research paper on the subject of tourism is Boorstin's analysis of the"pseudo-event" （1964）where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience"reality" directly but are happy with "pseudo-events"． Isolated from the host environment andthe local people， the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in fake orman-made attractions， and is cheated into enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding thereal world outside． Over time the images generated of different tourist sights lead to a closedself- perpetuating（自我延续的）system of a false belief that provides the tourist with the basis for selecting or deciding potential places to visit． Such visits are made， says Boorstin， within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar American style hotel which keeps the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment．8. In the 1st paragraph， the author wants to say that before you travel to a new place______ ．A. making a careful travel plan is necessaryB. planning travel involves time and thoughtC. getting travel tips from your friends may save timeD. choosing unusual tourist attractions makes a trip memorable9. The sentence "the viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning" in the 3rd paragraph means ______ ．A. traveling to an unfamiliar place is a pleasant change from everyday routineB. new environmental scenes in a different place will become more attractiveC. tourists should find the native people and share with them ideas and experienceD. travelling is to see landmarks and discover unknown ways of life and values 10. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______ ．A. when travelling ，many tourists will miss their homes and friends B. visiting popular tourist attractions is only a waste of timeC. the virtue of travel is to interact with a culture different from your ownD. American tourists like to visit familiar places when they travel outside11. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage ？ ______A. Tourism ，an Outlook on Different Life B. Tourism ，a Direct Hug of Nature C. Tourism ，a New Relation to Familiar Sights D. Tourism ，a False Belief about the World 二、阅读七选五（本大题共4小题，共8.0分） A scheme was first put forward recently by an expert that certain criminals should be sent to prison in their own home ． (1) One very experienced social worker expressed his serious reservation about the scheme in a television interview ． When asked to explain why ，he thought for a moment and finally confessed "Well ， I guess because it's new ． That's my only reason ．Advocates of the scheme pointed out that courts frequently sentenced first offenders to community service of some kind rather than send them to prison ． (2) Nothing positive was achieved by sending some types of convicted people to prison ．(3) "If a murderer is allowed free in the community like this ，what is to prevent him from killing somebody else " This argument ignored the fact that nobody proposed to allow convicted murderers to use the bracelet system ． One criticism put forward was that an offender could take off his bracelet and leave it at home or give it to a friend to wear while he himself went off to commit another crime ． The reply to this was that the bracelet would be made so that the computer would immediately detect any attempts to take it off or tamper with it ．A more serious objection to the scheme was that the harsh life of prison was intended to be part of the deterrent to crime ． A prisoner who was allowed to live at home would suffer no particular discomfort and thus not be deterred from repeating his crime ． No immediate action was taken on the proposal ． It was far too revolutionary and needed to be examined very carefully ． (4) Several governments appointed experts to investigate the scheme and make recommendations for or against it ．A ． The idea ， however ， was not rejected ．B ． They should spend their lives in prison ．C ． It met with strong objections ．D ． Most of the criminal cases are unpredictable ．Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s ） of the passage in no more than 60 words ． Use your own words as far as possible ．E ． Some critics rushed to take extreme cases ．F ． The shame of having a criminal record was adequate for them ．12. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.EF. F三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）The novelist's medium is the written word． One might almost say the(16)world． Typically the novel is consumed by a silent， individual reader， who may be anywhere at the time． The paperback novel is still the cheapest， most portable and adaptable form of (17) entertainment． It is limited to a single channel of information-(18)． The narrative can go， effortlessly， anywhere， into space， people's head， palaces， prisons and pyramids without any consideration of cost or practical possibility． In determining the shape and content of his narrative， the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria （标准）．The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience． He may be advised by his editor to revise his (19)， but if the writer refused to meetthis condition， no one would be surprised． It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript and expect the publisher to print it(20)as written．However， not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit （提交） a script and expect it to be(21) without any rewriting． This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative， using more than one channel of (22)． The production of a stage play involves， as well as the(23)of the author， the physical presence of the actors， their voices and gestures， the "set" and possibly music． Although the script play is the essential part of both play and film， it is a(24) for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and other creative people involved． They're given "approval" of the choice of a director and actors and have the right to attend(25)， during which period they may undertake more(26) work． In the case of screenplay， the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work． Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of(27) in this respect．In film or television work， on the other hand， the screenplay has no(28) rights to this degree of consultation． While the script is going through its various(29)， the writer is in the driver's seat， although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director． But once the production is under way， artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director． This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama， who tend to give all the(30) or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors， ignoring the contribution， for good and ill of the director．16. A. old-fashioned B. fixed C. presented D. printed17. A. social B. narrative C. favorite D. easy18. A. sourcing B. surfing C. writing D. receiving19. A. text B. publication C. ambition D. attitude20. A. simply B. eventually C. freely D. exactly21. A. performed B. approved C. covered D. continued22. A. information B. approach C. setting D. communication23. A. fame B. words C. presence D. rights24. A. basis B. reference C. plan D. rule25. A. assemblies B. performances C. rehearsals D. negotiations26. A. recording B. evolving C. bargaining D. training27. A. actors B. directors C. audiences D. authors28. A. procedural B. personal C. contractual D. equal29. A. drafts B. arrangements C. additions D. definitions30. A. hope B. work C. credit D. profit四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）31. A Venturing PilotCharles Lindberg born in December Michigan was raised on a farm in Minnesota， where his father（1）______（ elect） to the U．S． Congress in 1907． From then on， he spent his boyhood alternatively in Washington D．C．， and Little Falls， Minnesota．（ 2）______ Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent， in 1921， he was admitted to the University of Wisconsin to study engineering．（3）______（seek） more challenges， he left university before graduation and became a pilot， who performed exciting flight show at country fairs and public assemblies． This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that it allowed him to gain all-round experience inflying． He was particularly delighted in（4）______ he called "wing-walking" andparachute jumping．（ 5）______（train） in air service for a year， Lindberg completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class． He was offered a job in RobertsonAircraft Corporation of St． Louis in Missouri where he retained his job （6）______ 1927， running the routes between St． Louis and Chicago． During this period， he set out to win the Raymond B， Orteig prize of $25，000 to be awarded to the first pilot （7）______（fly） nonstop from New York to Paris． He knew this ambitious flight（8）______（ change） his life．On board the greatest adventure of his time， Lindberg left Roosevelt Airport at 5：52 a．m． on May 20， 1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5：24 p．m． the next day． Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived， Lindberg carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris， but when his plane came to a stop， he found himself （9）______（crowd） with welcoming people． He was decorated in France， Great Britain， and Belgium． President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser， the Memphis to bring him back． His accomplishments in flying brought（10）______ more medals and awards that had ever been received than any other person in private life．五、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共25.0分）A． inhabitants B． captured C． minimum D． innovation E． networkF． apparently G． highlighted H． equally I． humble J． expansionK． displaysIs Boasting Good or Bad BusinessSweden is one of the most creative countries in the world， yet has a culture that warns against boasting about its success in public． And is this (1) manner a help or an obstacle when it comes to start-upFrom household names such as Spotify and Skype， to gaming leaders King and Mojang， Sweden is a land of (2) for industrial changes and new products． Despite just 10 million(3) occupying a land mass largely defined by forest wildness， the nation has in recentyears created billion-dollar companies per head than everywhere else outside SiliconValley．The more familiar narrative for Sweden's start-up success story typically includes thefollowing factors． It has strong digital facilities， a highly educated， tech-experienced workforce， and an ideal population size for testing innovations． And for those whoseideas are not in line， there is a strong social welfare (4) to set them back on their feet． While Ingvar Kamprad， founder of Ikea， has emphasized his being modest andeconomical in his attitude， research is always at the heart of Ikea's (5) ． These firm-held cultural features have (6) the attention worldwide． Local and global observers areadmiring their constant role in promoting Sweden's lively economy．"Trying to keep boasting to a (7) and finding a common ground so that everybody is on the same page" remain to be two of the most spreading practice in the Swedish workforce， says Lola Akinmade Akerstrom， a cultural commentator， who (8) this in her recent book Lagorm： The Swedish Secret of Living Well．Rather than focus on a rock star's or a CEO's "killing it" ， in Swedish business ： "It's about everybody getting together， making sure their voices are heard (9) ， so that they can all reach a most desirable solution together，" she says．This culture has its roots in what Swedes call "Jantelagen"， which describes a century-old tradition that discourages unnecessary (10) of wealth or success． In other words， nobody should consider themselves better than anyone else．32. 技术员给他推荐的这款新软件应能帮助他快速适应新的书写方式．（ adapt）______33. 虽然她有一份收入不错的工作，但是因为她不善管钱而经常入不敷出．（ lack）______34. 你电脑用得越熟练，你找到秘书工作的可能性就越大．（the more…．the more）______35. 早餐要营养丰富，易于消化，使人有饱腹感，这样才能让人们工作时间更长而不感觉疲惫．（ need）______六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）36. Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize in no more than 60 words the mainidea of the passage and how it is illustrated． Use your won words as far as possible． Blowing a Few TopsEver stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions It's not all death， destructionand hot liquid rock-scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one sucheruption．Solar geoengineering involves simulating a volcano by spraying aerosols（气溶胶） into the atmosphere． When they combine with oxygen， droplets of sulfuric acid （硫酸） form． These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth， cooling the planet． All good in theory， but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous． Ina study recently published in Nature Communications， researchers led by AnthonyJones， a climate scientist from the University of Exeter， found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical winds hitting theU．S． and Caribbean． But there's an annoying exchange： more winds in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa． That's because the entire climate system is linked-disrupting one region will invariably affect another． How woulda nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse？ Would that be anact of warThere is， however， a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale． Jones says it could be used to "take the edge off" the temperature increases scientists arepredicting． It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies． The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering： its complete lack of regulation． "There's nothing that could stop one country just doing it，" Jonessays ． "You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day ．It would cost 1 billion to 10 billion per year ．" He adds ，"It's deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate ， yet there's just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it ．"Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand ， as well as far more work that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe-or too dangerous to even discuss ．37. Directions ：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．校学生会开展了教科书再利用（the recycling of textbooks ）的活动，号召高三学生把自己的教科书留给新生使用．把自己的教科书留给新生使用．你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，请向学请向学生会发一份email 进行回复，表明你的态度，并说明你的理由．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】ADDB 1．A ．细节理解题．细节理解题．根据第一段根据第一段He revolutionized the industry ，working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators ，from cars to the interiors of spacecraft ．可知，他彻底改变了行业，作为顾问工作了超过200家公司和创造设计从包装到冰箱，从汽车到飞船的内部．由此可见，他Loewy 最大的影响是彻底改变了这个行业．故选A ．2．D ．细节理解题．根据第二段His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs ．可知，他的想法是，如果设计问题的解决方案与目前的设计有太大的不同，人们就不会接受．由此可见，Loewy 的设计是基于对问题提供原创性而非革命性的答案的想法．故选D ．3．D ．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段内容Loewy 的标志设计旨在"视觉保留"．他想确保任何人看到这个标志，即使是很短一段时间，也不会忘记它．他为壳牌石油、埃克森美孚（Exxon ）、灰狗（Greyhound ）和纳比斯科（Nabisco ）等著名公司设计了许多高度可见的标志．可知他的标志设计旨在使公司的标志非常令人难忘．故选D ．4．B ．推理判断题．根据最后一段By the mid 20th century ，his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say ‘the average person ，leading a normal life lose is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things ，service or structure' designed by his firm ．可知，到了20世纪中期，他的工业设计公司非常有名，以至于他可以说："普通人，过着正常生活的人，必然会每天接触到一些东西，服务或结构．都是由他的公司设计的．由此可见，Loewy 的设计是著名的和有影响力的．故选B ．本文主要介绍了被称为"美国人塑造"和"现代工业设计的父亲"，雷蒙．洛伊威．他是一个最具影响力的设计师之一．他彻底改变了行业，在创造设计方面从包装到冰箱，从汽车到飞船的内部，他涉及的行业很多，许多非常有名的标识著名公司如壳牌石油、埃克森、灰狗和纳贝斯克都是他设计的．森、灰狗和纳贝斯克都是他设计的．本文是一个人物故事类阅读理解，本文是一个人物故事类阅读理解，题目涉及多道细节理解题，题目涉及多道细节理解题，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．据． 5.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C【解析】1．B 细节理解题．细节理解题．根据第三段根据第三段"You initiate the call by dialing a "trigger number -a connection to the call-back service's computers ． Let the call ring once and then hang up ． The computer calls you back from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after verifying your account number ． Often cheaper than direct-dial calls ，你先拨一个"扳机号码--回拨服务的计算机的连接"．让电话铃响一次，然后挂断电话．计算机用较低的国际费率从美国回拨你，然后接通核实您的帐号后．通常比直拨电话便宜，"可知回拨电话比直接拨打电话便宜．故选B ．2．C 细节理解题．根据第三段"As the name suggests ， these services call you and then place your call at cheaper rates ．顾名思义，这些服务会给你打电话，然后以较低的价格给你打电话"可知the Callback Service 的优点是打电话便宜．故选C ． 3． C 目的意图题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"there are affordable way to call home when you travel abroad ，当你出国旅行时，有一种经济实惠的方式打电话回家"可知本文的目的是介绍家庭联系的可选方法．故选C ． 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了家庭联系的可选方法．本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了家庭联系的可选方法．本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息？或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题做这类题一般采用寻读法？即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1．B ．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 Acting as a tourist is one of the clear characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that ， it is organized within particular place and occurs for a period of time ， which is arranged beforehand ．作为一名游客是"现代"的明显特征之一，而旅游的流行概念是，它是在特定的地方组织起来的，并发生在一段时间内，这是事先安排的．可知 计划旅行需要时间和思想；故选B ．2．D ．推理判断题．根据文章第三段The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life ．观看这些旅游景点往往涉及不同形式的社会模式，对景观或城镇景观的视觉元素比日常生活中通常发现的要敏感得多．的视觉元素比日常生活中通常发现的要敏感得多．可知旅行就是去看地标，可知旅行就是去看地标，发现未知的生活方式和价值观；故选D ．3．B ．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 Over time the images generated of different tourist sights lead to a closed self- perpetuating （自我延续的）system of a false belief that provides the tourist with the basis for selecting or deciding potential places to visit ．随着时间的推移，不同的旅游景点产生的图象导致了一个封闭的自我永久化不同的旅游景点产生的图象导致了一个封闭的自我永久化（自我延续的）（自我延续的）的错误信念系统，为游客提供了选择或决定潜在游览地点的基础．为游客提供了选择或决定潜在游览地点的基础．可知游览热门旅游景点只是浪费时可知游览热门旅游景点只是浪费时间；故选B ．4．D ．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段 Such visits are made ， says Boorstin ， within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar American style hotel which keeps the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment ．这种参观是在熟悉的美国风格酒店的"环境泡沫"中进行的，说的，它使游客远离东道国环境的陌生．可知文章的最佳标题是旅游业，对世界的错误认知；故选D ．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了旅行和停留的定义是在正常的地方以外，居住和工作，是短期的和暂时的，并且有明确的意图在相对较短的时间内回家．回家．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．者观点．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】F 【小题3】E【小题4】A。

2020届高三英语二模汇编——语法填空1、2020黄浦二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles – used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”【答案】21. that / which22. called23. are handed24. maintaining25. although / because26. may / might27. as28. it / that29. whatever30. to show【难度】中等2、2020普陀二模Messages from the DeepYou might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People (21) __________ (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only (22) __________ (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23) __________ which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24) __________ it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25) __________ was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26) __________ they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27) __________ (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28) __________ (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, theGreek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29) __________ (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30) __________ is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.【答案】21 have been doing /have done22. to be discovered 23 from/ at 24. As 25. whoever26. when/as/since/because/after27. being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown28. was launched29. hoping30. it【难度】中等3、2020徐汇二模Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”【答案】21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though 25. More surprisingly26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till【难度】中等4、2020杨浦二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱）had alreadyexisted in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.【答案】21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us 【难度】中等5、2020崇明二模Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles(鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainability message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.【答案】21. to create 22. because / as / since23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what【难度】中等6、2020长宁二模The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majorityof families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week.In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.【答案】21. which22. has decreased23. themselves24. what25. sharing26. conducted27. less likely28. as / though29. against30. it【难度】偏难7、2020松江二模After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.【答案】21. While / Though / Although 22. Seated 23. could / should 24. was challenged 25. herself26. how 27. being rejected 28. where 29. to find 30. in【难度】中等8、2020宝山二模As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies.But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work.To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.【答案】21. are running22.everything/anything 23.facing 24.that/which 25.to clear26.underestimated27.that 28.because/as/since 29.earlier 30.absorbing【难度】中等9、2020奉贤二模Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.【答案】21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can【难度】中等10、2020闵行二模A Brief History of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks ____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings ____22____ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks ____23____ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The ____24____ (early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by cutting food into smaller pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius(孔子), ____26____ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence ____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first ____28____ (create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.【答案】21. had swept22. as23. were developed 24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if / when30. As/ Because/ Since【难度】中等偏难11、2020浦东二模Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago asa college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper. I don’t recall(21)________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)________ (dance) off the page ina quote by Gandhi: “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on Mils that were so green that I (24)________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon (霓霓霓).But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)________my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27)________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)________, in the green of spring and the dead of winter; in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30)________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.【答案】21. what22. dancing 23. were read24. could25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During27. to be reminded28. when/as29. we30. who【难度】中等12、2020静安二模The Shop Where It’s OK to Be DifferentWhen Angela Makey knew her autistic (患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs (21) _________ are necessary for running a business?At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs for him. The family (22) _________ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities.So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics (23) _________ (bear).Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV (24) _________ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder (25) _________ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life.In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, (26) _________ (introduce) customers to new comics.The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic (27) _________ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at (28) _________ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy.Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, (29) _________ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop.Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons (30) _________ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly.【答案】21. that22.had hoped23.was born24.when25.that26. introducing 27.themselves28. spotting29. from30. (to) create【难度】中等13、2020青浦二模Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______“booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg —yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ____________ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”【答案】21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of30. because/as/since【难度】中等14、2020虹口二模How Can Y ou Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best. No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.。

2020届宝山区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As a child, what did youwant to be when yougrew up? If you werelike most children, you probablylet your imagination run 41 .Maybe you dreamed of flying intospace or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years,your dreams became more42 . Or you might have givenup on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come TrueDay. If you've been 43 fulfilling yourdreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It'simportant to dream because dreams cangive us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreamsinspire and motivate us. The great thing aboutdreams is that there's no 45 to accomplishthem right away. They might take a few yearsor they might take a lifetime to 46 . Theimportant thing is that you're 47 workingtoward your dream. And the best way to do that isby setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream anda goal? It's been said that dreams are the finaldestination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps youtake to reach them should be very50 . Yourdreams state what you want, but goals explainhow you'll get there. That makes goal setting anecessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken aboutdreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State ColinPowell stressed the 52 of working for yourdreams. "A dream doesn't become reality throughmagic: it takes sweat, 53 and hardwork. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreamshave no 54 limit. You are never too old to setanother goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing somethingfor years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your wayto making your dreams come true.41.A.fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A.colorful B. amazing C. realistic D.attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D.paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D.access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote参考答案：41－55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC2020届崇明区高三英语二模III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will __41__ in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief __42__ and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and __43__ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades,__44__ their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team __45__ data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finishedGrade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data __46__, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those whocompleted at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students __47__ music.The researchers found the __48__ relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music __49__ very broadly to thestudents’ learn ing in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very __50__ ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop __51__ skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in __52__ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the __53__ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy __54__ other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that __55__ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sampleC. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. lifeB. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. healthB. music C. science D. school参考答案：41-55 BDDCABACADCBADB2020届奉贤区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44) ______ decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45) ______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46) ______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47) ______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48) ______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) ______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more (50) ______ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits(假设) : If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a (51) ______. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52) _______ you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53) ______. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called "divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have two things that are clearly (54) ______, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55) ______ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A. safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B. comes into force C. makes sense D. plays a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limits49. A. evident B. unclear C. critical D. inevitable50. A. confusing B. inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. direction54. A. impressive B. insignificant C. unique D. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. put参考答案：41-55CDABC BADBA BDADA2020届虹口区高三英语二模Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For years, life went something like this; We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to __41__ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends, start a family, and begin the whole __42__ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging; Some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as __43__ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front -row seat watching this evolution __44__ and believes in the huge impact it is making or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he __45__ a start-up which is now called Blue-ground that rents out beautiful - designed, __46__ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 __47__ in six U. S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. The company just __48__ $50 million in Series B funding, bring its total investment to $78 million, to continue its repaid __49__. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than __50__,like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blue-ground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The __51__ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had tospend five years in a hotel room, __52__ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.”As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in __53__ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living gout of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.__54__, Alex found the hotels aren’t particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. __55__, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41. A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42. A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44. A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45. A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46. A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47. A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48. A. deposited B. reserved C. granted D. obtained49. A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50. A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51. A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52. A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53. A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55. A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On his occasion 参考答案：41 - 45 DCBAC 46 - 50 ACDBC 51 - 55 DADAB2020届黄浦区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商) closed more than 9,000stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail (41) ______ .” It is easy to chalk it up to the rise of e-commerce, which has thrived while physical stores struggle. But this can be (42) ______. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but Internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total.Collectively, three major(43) ______ forces have had an even bigger impact on brick-and-mortar retail than the Internet has.To begin with,we have changed (44) ______ we shop —away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores,which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, Rising income (45) ______ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that (46) ______ them have suffered. It is estimates that since 1970, the share of the na tion’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the (47) ______ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports (48) ______ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income (49) ______ almost a third of their income after taxes. People in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. (50) ______, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, Wehave spent (51) ______ less of income on things and more on services. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent, government statistics show. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t(52) ______ in traditional retail stores.Economists debate theories of why we have (53) ______ to services and away from goods but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling (54) ______ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of (55) ______. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn someday.41.A.business B.disaster C.investment D.strategy42.A.advanced B.confirmed C.overstated D.undervalued43.A.economic B.legal C.physical D.political44.A.how B.what C.where D.why45.A.distribution B.inequality C.level D.tax46.A.aim at B.approve of pete with D.stem from47.A.concentration B.influence C.security D.sourcecation B.employment C.housing D.spending49.A.concealed B.donated C.earned D.saved50.A.Instead B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore51.A.cautiously B.intelligently C.proportionately D.prospectively52.A.available B.insufficient C.popular D.uncommon53.A.applied mitted C.shifted D.tied54.A.ideas B.patents C.services D.things55.A.consumption B.habit C.income D.technology参考答案：41-45:BCACB46-50:AADDD 51-55: CACDD2020届金山区高三英语二模e National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping(转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regio ns won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocates参考答案：41-55: BABCA BBDAB CBACB2020届闵行区高三英语二模ng passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank withthe word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation”means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It isclosely connected with less pollution, saving money and notcontributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world's most touristic areas.The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market 41 inthe United States.Because of it, many households were forced to 42 their expenses and consequently limittheir vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most43 surroundings.At the same time, awareness of the 44 impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people-- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on45a tourist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the46 above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping one's 47 and the environment. 48 , staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial 49 gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that aren't cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful50 in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; 51 , other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walking are favored.This allows people's carbon footprints not to 52 as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the53 moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy, There are no fully-booked days, and there is no54to go from oneactivity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple 55 of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.41. A. value B. sector C. crisis D. shares42. A. restrict B. bear C. avoid D. meet43. A. cheerful B. immediate C. polluted D. attractive44. A. limited B. financial C. cultural D. environmental45. A. introducing B. stopping C. postponing D. raising46. A. challenges B. assessment C. tasks D. applications47. A. voyage B. mind C. pocket D. hometown48. A. In addition B. For example C. In fact D. On the contrary49. A. services B. advice C. resources D. savings50. A. emissions B. exposure C. vehicles D. strategies51. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. moreover52. A. last B. fall C. increase D. change53. A. historic B. present C. critical D. climatic54. A. good B. harm C. blame D. rush55. A. advantages B. challenges C. platforms D. themes参考答案：CABDAACCDABCBDA2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific Method Scientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community.This sharing serves two __41__. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.”It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) __42__ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of __43__ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other __44__ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设）, planned experiments, expected results, and eventhe __45__ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then __46__ the report to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.Once the scientist has the needed __47__, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or __48__ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and __49__ the work.This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can __50__ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. __51__ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peer review” mechanisms by using press conferences.On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to __52__. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to __53__ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers think they already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not __54__ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain __55__ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.41. A. purposes B. duties C. interests D. needs42. A. innovative B. prospective C. cooperative D. plain43. A. accustoming B. addicting C. restricting D. subjecting44. A. projects B. sources C. unions D. departments45. A. stronger B. more limited C. moredramatic broader46. A. Look up B. go over C. long for D.. call for47. A. funds B. fields C. impacts D. experiments48. A. different B. chosen C. related D. academic49. A. substitute B. create C. judge D. undertake50. A. reach B. mark C. hold D. skip51. A. Similarly B. Contrarily C. Surely D. Therefore52. A. fail B. function C. evolve D. work53. A. convey B. overlook C. reject D. approve54. A. necessarily B. particularly C. dramatically D. terribly55. A. confidence B. acceptance C. strength D. weight参考答案：41-55 ACDBD BACCD CADAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An artificialintelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring usa step closer to ___41____ speech topeople who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at theUniversity of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learningalgorithms(算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. Thewomen, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had electrodes attached to theirbrains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was askedto read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. Thelargest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words.The team fed thisbrain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspectsof speech. These patterns were then fedto a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ____46____ a sentence.。

2020届上海市高三英语二模汇编--语法填空2020届高三英语二模汇编——语法填空1、2020黄浦二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from on e child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all ki ds are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toysthemselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ y ou like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles –used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”【答案】21. that / which22. called23. are handed24. maintaining25. although / because26. may / might27. as28. it / that29. whatever30. to show【难度】中等2、2020普陀二模3、2020徐汇二模Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25)_______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough,and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”【答案】21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though 25. More surprisingly26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till【难度】中等4、2020杨浦二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too.(24) ________ curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone.(26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.【答案】21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which 26. Observing/ Havingobserved 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us 【难度】中等5、2020崇明二模Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneaker for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadside litter, aft er cigarette ends.An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks,(25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause.(26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles(鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairsof shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainabilit y message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.【答案】21. to create 22. because / as / since23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what【难度】中等6、2020长宁二模The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week.In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely tobe absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.【答案】21. which22. has decreased23. themselves24. what25. sharing26. conducted27. less likely28. as / though29. against30. it【难度】偏难7、2020松江二模After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, shedecided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challeng e) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.【答案】21. While / Though / Although 22. Seated 23. could / should 24. was challenged 25. herself26. how 27. being rejected 28. where 29. to find 30. in【难度】中等8、2020宝山二模As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, andnow we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work.To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposedto have the answers as a business leader. It'ssurprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.【答案】21. are running22.everything/anything 23.facing 24.that/which 25.to clear26.underestimated27.that 28.because/as/since 29.earlier 30.absorbing【难度】中等9、2020奉贤二模Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), theresearchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a ra nge detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.【答案】21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can【难度】中等10、2020闵行二模A Brief History of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks ____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings ____22____ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks ____23____ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The ____24____ (early) versions were probably twigs usedto get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by cutting food into smaller pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius(孔子), ____26____ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And heallows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believ ed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence ____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first ____28____ (create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steamingbundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.【答案】21. had swept22. as23. were developed 24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if / when30. As/ Because/ Since【难度】中等偏难11、2020浦东二模Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago asa college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper. I don’t recall(21)________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)________ (dance) off the page ina quote by Gandhi: “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on Mils that were so green that I (24)________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon (霓霓霓).But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)________ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)________my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend andget yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27)________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)________ you think you will never smile a gain, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)________, in the green of spring and the dead of winter; in the birth of a child and the passing ofa loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those(30)________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.【答案】21. what22. dancing 23. were read24. could25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During27. to be reminded28. when/as29. we30. who【难度】中等12、2020静安二模13、2020青浦二模Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport —trains, trams and buses —in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughlythe size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______“booming economy” and high concentratio n of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to ru n. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ____________ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The govern ment might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we m ade public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”【答案】21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of30. because/as/since【难度】中等14、2020虹口二模How Can Y ou Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best. No. 1 Study Photo s of Yourself The first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smiles until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) ______ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese,” but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) ______ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) ______ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth. No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good in pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) ______ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) ______ (mention), so try a source of natural light instead, such as a window.And if you know any other tips, share them with us!【答案】21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned【难度】中等偏难15、2020嘉定二模Long-term low self-esteem can cause depressionLow self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?Self-esteem is, very simply, the set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) __________self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not.Depression is much morethan just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) __________they diagnose the mental condition of major depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) __________low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) __________(depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) __________(employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) ____________________people are followed up over time.A study on depression, conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) __________(contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) __________not vice versa.Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) __________(great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) __________(improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.【答案】21. Unlike22. when 23. whether 24. to be depressed25. is employed26. in which 27. contrasted 28. but 29. greater 30. improving【难度】中等偏难。

2020届上海高三英语二模汇编6选42020届宝山区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.As 2019 draws to a close, it can be helpful to think about finishing what you have started. With that in mind, here are some thoughts on finishing projects and seasons well.Finishing projectsOne step to finishing a project comes near the beginning: define what it means for the project to be finished. This could mean getting an article published, submitting a report to your boss or teacher, or creating designs for a product. 67 .In order to finish projects, you must also plan out the steps you will take. Break your big task into smaller ones, and give yourself a short-term deadline for each of them. 68 .Then when you do finish -celebrate! Take some time to enjoy your accomplishment and reward yourself for all your hard work. Also take some time to consider how the project went what you did well, and what needs improvement. 69 .Finishing the yearAs we come to the end of 2019, it's good to take some time to pause and reflect on the past year. What goals did you reach or what have you learned? What would you like to do differently next year?While you're thinking, consider things you're thankful for from the year. You could make a list of 12, one for each month, or 52, one for each week. Or just write down as many things as you can think of. This will help you end the year with a positive attitude.70 . If you made mistakes, recognize them and then move on. No one can change the past, but you can learn from it and create a new future.By finishing projects and years well, you can move toward your long-term goals and set yourself up for future triumphs.参考答案；67-70 CEAF2020届崇明区高三英语二模Warm Waters Caused Many Sea Creatures to Move Far NorthA study has found that warmer waters off North America’s West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before. The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis.______ 67______ They identified a total of 67 species between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a “marine heatwave”. The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south.Some species were discovered outside a marine laboratory belonging to the University of California, Davis. A few were even found north of California. ______ 68 _______ The scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for predicting future sea life reactions to warming oceans.There is also evidence suggesting that warming waters in the Atlantic Ocean have caused some sea creatures to move northward. A 2017 report in Yale University’s online magazine Environment 360 explores this subject. The report notes that for many years, the ocean has served as our best defense against climate change. ______69________ This has led to warmer oceans, with experts predicting continuing rising temperatures.Warmer waters along the U.S. East Coast have affected a black sea fish. Researchers from Rutgers University reported the fish once was mainly found off the coast of North Carolina. But they discovered the species had traveled more than 700 kilometers northward, to waters off the coast of New Jersey.________70________ Using climate models, researchers predicted that some species along the U.S. and Canadian Pacific coasts will move as far as 1,400 kilometers north from their current habitats. Such movement is expected to cause major difficulties for fisheries both in the U.S. and Canada, the study found.参考答案：67. C68. D69. A70. F2020届奉贤区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism, the researchers said. (67) _______ Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68) ________ Some people feel “peer pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldn’t be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. (69) ________Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. (70) _______ On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos --even if they click “like”.参考答案：67-70CBFDInstructor-centered or Learner-centered?Whether in the East or West, the chief business of traditional education is to pass to the next generation the skills, facts, and standards of moral and social conduct that adults consider to be necessary for the next generation’s material and social success.____67____ The students work individually on assignments, and cooperation is discouraged. The result of this emphasis on what instructors do is that students may become passive learned and do not take responsibility for their own learning. Educators call this traditional method “instructor-centered teaching”.In contrast, “learner - centered teaching” occurs when instructors focus on student learning. It is an approach to teaching that is increasingly being encouraged in higher education. _____68_____ These methods include active learning, in which students solve problems, answer questions, formulate questions of their own, discuss, explain, debate, or brainstorm during class; cooperative learning, in which students work in teams on problems and projects under conditions that assure both positive interdependence and individual account ability; and inductive（归纳法）teaching and learning, in which students are first presented with challenges and learn the couse material in the context of addressing the challenges.Although learner-centered methods have repeatedly been shown to be superior to the traditional teacher-centered approach to instruction, the best teaching, according to Parker Plamer, the author of The Courage to Teach, is not one or the other, but a combination of both. ____69____Learner-centerd teachers still need to lecture because teachers are the definitive content experts in the classroom and the knowledge and experiences of teachers can be extremely helpful to students. ____70____ They must recognize that students can learn from each other and that the deepest learning happens when students have the opportunity to practice and obtain feedback.参考答案：67 - 70 CDFBFraming risk, reducing panicFor four decades, psychologists have studied how people see risk and what causes them to overreact to terrorist attacks and other extreme events. Those misplaced reactions can lead to the shame of people and prevention of daily activities, causing a new set of problems on top of a current crisis.____67____Timely, honest communication from a source an audience considers credible is essential to containing fear, but governments have the tough job of explaining risk and telling people how to act without also seeding alarm.___68____Messages may be more helpful when delivered in creative formats. Visuals are very powerful. We can't just tell people things, we have to show them. When people are using the more primary part of their brain, visuals are more powerful than our higher order tools, including language.___69___ People can understand just about anything if you do your job right as a communicator. That includes keeping it simple and communicating what people need to know, versus what is nice to know, expressing risk in numbers--"there's a 30 percent chance of rain"--and reminding people of the opportunity cost of waiting for more evidence.Psychologists working in the field of risk communication assume we have too much control through our messaging.___70___参考答案：67-70: DEBF2020届金山区高三英语二模A. Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物). They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo.But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores(食肉动物).About half of the calories they eat come from protein, accordingto a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks (秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.参考答案：67-70: DAEB2020届闵行区高三英语二模A.Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .B.I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing .C.In my personal opinion, boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not to have atry.D.Professional boxers are much more at risk than their amateur counterparts.E.Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxingBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that people, especially me n ,find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives . 67However, there is a negative side to boxing. 68 Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionall , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring.____69____ Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out, he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it.68 I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressivesports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already !Of course, people like competitive sports , and so do I , but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.参考答案：67. A68. F69. E70. B2020届浦东新区高三英语二模If Harry Potter and Huckleberry Finn were each to represent British versus American children’s literature, a curious situation would emerge : In a literary competition for the hearts and minds of children, one is a wizard（巫师）- in - training at a boarding school in the Scottish Highlands, while the other is a barefoot boy drifting down the Mississippi, bothered by cheats, slave hunters, and thieves. One defeats evil with a magic stick, the other takes to a raft（筏）to right a social wrong. ______67_______The small island of Great Britain is an unquestionably powerhouse of children’s bestsellers: Alice in Wonderland, Harry Potter, and The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Significantly, all are fantasies. ______68_______ Stories like The Call of the Wild. Charlotte’s Web, Little Women, and the Adventures of Tom Sawyer are more notable for their realistic portraits of day-to-day life in the towns and farmlands on the growing frontier. If British children gathered in the dim light of the kitchen fireplace to hear stories about magic swords and talking bears, American children sat at their mother’s knee listening tales with moral messages about a world where life was hard, obedience emphasized, and Christian morality valued. Each style has its virtues, but the British approach undoubtedly creates the kinds of stories that appeal to the furthest reaches of children’s imagination.______69______ For one, the British have always been in touch with their pagan（异教徒的）folk traditions and stories, says Maria Tatar, a Harvard professor of children’s literature. After all, the country’s very origin story is about a young king tutored by a wizard. Legends have always been accepted as history, from Merlin to Macbeth. “Even as the British were digging into these magical worlds, Americans, much more realistic, always viewed their soil as something to exploit,” says Tatar.American write fantasies too, but nothing like the British, says Jerry Griswold, a San Diego State University professor of children’s literature. He said, “______70______” To prove it, he mentioned Dorothy, the heroine of Wizard of Oz（绿野仙踪）who unmasks the great and powerful Wizard as a cheat. Meanwhile, American fantasies differ in another way: They usually end with a moral lesson learned - for example, in Oz, Dorothy’s journey ends with the realization: “There’s no place like home.”参考答案67-70FDAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence canA period of important agricultural development began in the early 1700s in Great Britain and the Low Countries(Belgium, Luxembourg. and the Netherlands, which lie below sea level).(67)________One of the most important of these developments was an improved horse-drawn seed drill invented by Jethro Tull in England. Until that time. farmers sowed seeds by hand. Tull's drill made rows of holes for the seeds. By the end of the 18th century, seed drilling was widely practiced in Europe. Many other machines were developed in the United States. (68)_______ At about the same time. John and Hiram Pitts introduced a horse-powered thresher (脱粒机) that shortened the process of separating grain and seed from straw. John Deere's steel plow (犁), introduced in 1837,made it possible to work the tough soil with much less horsepower.Along with new machines. there were several important advances in selective farming. By selectively breeding animals (breeding those with desirable traits), farmers increased the size and productivity of their livestock. Plants could also be selectively bred for certain qualities. In 1866, Gregor Mendel's studies in heredity (遗传) were published in Austria. (69)_______ His work paved the way for improving crops through genetics.New crop planting methods also evolved during this time. Many of these were adopted over the next century or so throughout Europe. For example. the Norfolk four-field system, developed in England. proved quite successful. Itinvolved the yearly rotation (轮作) of several crops, including wheat, turnips, barley, clover, and ryegrass. (70)________ Moreover, this method enabled farmers to grow enough to sell some of their harvest without having to leave any land unplanted.Not all parts of the world benefited from these developments instantly. however. Farmers in other parts such as Australia and Africa continued to use old ways of agriculture for a long time.参考答案：67—70 FDCA2020届徐汇区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.The Podcast (播客) BoomDo you prefer to watch TV or listen to the radio? There was a time when some people thought moving pictures would spell the end of tuning in to the radio for entertainment and information. But radio survived and boomed. (67) ____________________Perhaps the growth in podcasting is not surprising—it offers a digital audio file that can be downloaded and stored for listening at any time. It can also be streamed from the internet and played on a computer or MP3 player. And it’s not just broadcasters, like the BBC, who are producing podcasts: now commercial broadcasters, individuals and companies with no connection to broadcasting are making them. In fact, anyone with something to say, and a few pounds to spend on the equipment, can get involved.The digital audio files are cheap to produce and, thanks to the internet, easy to distribute. (68) ____________________ Journalist Ben Hammersley told the BBC that “two changes transformed the market—one cultural and one technical.” A technical breakthrough came in 2012 when Apple produced the iPhone podcast app, which proved a popular library system for listeners. This was followed by a dramatic improvement in inexpensive recording production and editing equipment. Finally, the development of 4G mobile phone connections and widespread wi-fi meant listeners could browse, download or stream shows whenever they wanted.(69) ____________________ It was a piece of investigative journalism hosted by Sarah Koenig, telling a non-fiction story over multiple episodes(集). To date, the first and second seasons of the show have had more than 340 million downloads. Advertisers soon realized the money-making potential of this and other successful podcasts. And where the audience goes, the money follows. From 2017 to 2018 advertising spending on podcasts in the UK went from $10.6m(£8.5m) to $19.7m, an 85% increase, according to Ovum.(70) ____________________ In fact, as Ben Hammersley explains, podcasting has brought people into broadcasting who would normally never have seen the inside of a recording studio. “There are of course professional podcasters, but there are many more people who create quality content and do it for nothing,” he says. “And that is changing not just the way we listen to audio but the way the broadcasting industry works.”参考答案：67-70 CFAD2020届杨浦区高三英语二模Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Most paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow(发光）－in-the-dark paint.Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive.(67)___ His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees,horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors ,but it often appears to be the source of the light.(68)____ Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way of adding a little light to the world.Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti. (69) _____Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness. Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness.A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure.(70)_____With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light.参考答案：67-70 D B F ASection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youThe alphabet was born about 3800 years ago. After a slow start, it has produced dozens of offspring(后代). 67 Near the beginning of this period, the Phoenician alphabet—a direct offspring of the first one—gave rise to the Greek and Aramaic alphabets. The Greek alphabet then led to a huge variety of forms, from the Cyrillic family used in south-east Europe and northern Asia to the Latin/Roman family that includes English, German and French. The Aramaic alphabet, meanwhile, developed into a group that includes the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. It probably also gave rise to the Brahmi script, another distinct type of alphabet that is itself the parent of dozens more used across south and South-East Asia.68 In the first—of which Chinese text is the only real example still in use—signs represent full words. In the other, signs represent syllables (音节). Japanese uses many Chinese “word” characters, but has two other writing systems based on syllable signs. The few other syllable-based systems include the Cherokee one used in the south-east US.The variety and global dominance of the alphabet isn’t necessarily a sign of its superiority to other writing systems, says Amalia Gnanadesikan, recently retired from the University of Maryland. 69 For instance, they are used across north Asia, Africa and the Americas because of Russian and western European expansionism.The fact that alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems isn’t entirely beneficial either, says Gnanadesikan. 70 Take the phrase “dog bites man”. Someone learning Chinese has to understand just three signs—rather than 11letters—to read and write the sentence. “So you get a very rapid ability to translate what you’re learning into use,” she says. Moreover, children in Japan learn the hiragana (平假名) syllable-based writing system so easily that they can often start reading aged 3.参考答案：67-70 EDFBSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Ecotourism can put wild animals at riskEcotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years. _____67_____ There travelers visit natural environments to fund conservation efforts or promote local economies.Now, scientists have analyzed more than 100 research studies on how ecotourism affects wild animals. They find the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, and those changes may put them at risk. Therefore, they concluded that such trips can be harmful to the animals.When animals interact in seemingly kind ways with humans, they may let down their guard. _____68_____. If this transfers to their interactions with predators（捕食者）, they are more likely to be injured or killed.The presence of humans can also discourage natural predators. It creates a kind of safe place for smaller animals that may make them bolder. For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less alert and spend more time eating.____69____ “If animals become accustomed to tourists and if tourism practices enhance this taming, we might create unintended consequences -affecting the behavior or population of a species and influencing the species’ function in its community,” the researchers write.Ecotourism has effects similar to those of animal domestication and urbanization. Research has shown that domesticated silver foxes become more obedient and less fearful. Fox squirrels and birds that live in urbanized areas are slower to flee from danger. _____70_____Scientists hope the new analysis will encourage more research into the interactions between people and wildlife. It is essential to develop further understanding of how various species in various situations respond to human interaction and under what conditions human exposure may place them at risk.参考答案：67-70：EAFC2020届青浦区高考英语二模Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than youDogs’ noses are amazing. Not only are they up to 100 million times more sensitive than ours, they can sense weak thermal radiation— the body heat of mammalian (哺乳动物的) prey, a new study reveals. The find helps explain how dogs with damaged sight, hearing, or smell can still hunt successfully.“It’s a fascinating discovery,” says Marc Bekoff, an expert on dog sniffing (嗅探). “It provides yet another window into the sensory worlds of dogs’ highly evolved cold noses.” The ability to sense weak, radiating heat is known in only some animals: black fire beetles, certain snakes, and one species of mammal, the common vampire bat, all of which use it to hunt prey. _______67_______ . But the tips of dogs’ noses are moist, colder than the surrounding temperature, and richly endowed with nerves—all of which suggests an ability to detect not just smell, but heat.To test the idea, researchers at Lund University trained three pet dogs to choose between a warm (31°C) and a surrounding-temperature object, each placed 1.6 meters away. _______68_______ . (Scientists could only detect the difference by touching the surfaces.) After training, the dogs were tested on their skill in double-blind experiments; all three successfully detected the objects emitting weak thermal radiation.Next, the researchers scanned the brains of 13 pet dogs of various breeds while presenting the dogs with objects emitting neutral or weak thermal radiation. The left somatosensory cortex in dogs’ brains, was more responsive to the warm thermal stimulus than to the neutral one. The scientists identified a group of 14 voxels (体素) in this region of the dogs’ left brains , but didn’t find any in the right, and none in any part of the dogs’ brains in response to the neutral stimulus._______69_______ . Also, a specific region of their brains is activated by this infrared (relating to a type of light) radiation, the scientists say. They suspect dogs inherited the ability from their ancestor, the gray wolf, who may use it to sniff out warm bodies during a hunt.“The study is consistent with other research that describes the combined dog nose and brain as a highly complicated platform for processing a broad range of signals,” says Gary Settles, a professor of mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State University. “The dog nose can distinguish patterns of hot and cold objects at a distance,” he said. “_______ 70_______ . That needs further study.”参考答案：DBFC。

As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, may not sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:●Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.●Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.●Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge without the pressure to perform or to always be right.答案：21. are running 22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated 27.that28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbingSneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_____ (create) a limited edition sneak er for adults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22)_____ it is made from plastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_____ (common) form of roadsid e litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrown away on the sidewalks each year, (24)_____ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up. Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn them into Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25)_____ will also raise awareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_____ (price) at around $332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—(27)_____ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底) shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made from gum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_____ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map of Amsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Even better, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29)_____ the annoying stickiness. Just as good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streets and keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread the ir sustainability message, (30)_____ Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.答案：21. to create 22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest 24. costing 25. which26. Priced 27. feature 28. is used 29. without 30. whatPlants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22) ______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23) ______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24) ______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______ (test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy, healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut,(27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.答案：21. forced 22. which 23. growing 24. thought 25. To test26.an 27. while 28. Although/While/Though 29. that30. could/canHow Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smiles until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) ______ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese,” but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) ______ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) ______ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good in pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) ______ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) ______ (mention), so try a source of natural light instead, such as a window.And if you know any other tips, share them with us!答案：21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything30. to be mentionedLego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the br icks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use – and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circ ular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles –used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”答案：21. that / which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 25. although / because26. may / might 27. as 28. it / that 29. whatever 30. to showLong-term low self-esteem can cause depressionLow self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?Self-esteem is, very simply, the set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) __________self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not. Depression is much more than just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) __________they diagnose the mental condition of m ajor depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) __________low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) __________(depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) __________(employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) __________ __________people are followed up over time.A study on depression, conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) __________(contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) __________not vice versa.Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) __________(great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) __________(improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.答案：21. Unlike 22. when 23. whether 24. to be depressed 25. is employed26. in which 27. contrasted 28. but 29. greater 30. improvingA ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies (僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It co mes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate hon or of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.答案：21.to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been26.where 27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. untilA Brief History of ChopsticksWe’ve discussed the story of the knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks (21)________(sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings (22)________ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there’s more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks (23)________(develop) about 5,000 years ago in China. The (24)________(early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scarce, around 400 BC, crafty chefs figured out (25)________ to conserve fuel by cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius (孔子), (26)________ expressed in one of his numerous quotations: “The honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse (屠宰场) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believed that knives’ sharp points evoked (诱发) violence, (27)________(kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first (28)________(create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black (29)________ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches (淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. (30)________ chopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.答案：21. had swept 22. as 23. were developed 24. earliest25. how 26. as 27. killing 28. to create29. if / when 30. As/ Because/ SinceGreen Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21)_______ I was researching into. Out of nowhere, those two words came (22)_______ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of un truth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”After those words (23)_______ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24)_______ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. We landed after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25)_______ (awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard.(26)_______ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety of wildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need t he chance (27)_______ (remind) that we’re still alive. After my husband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28)_______ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29)_______ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those (30)_______ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.答案：21. what 22. dancing 23. were read 24. could 25. awoke/was awoken26. In/During 27. to be reminded 28. when/as 29. we 30. whoLuxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses — in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take) up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______ “booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in tr affic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million pe r year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______ making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ______ ______ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______ it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” —and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”答案：21. smallest 22. will ease 23. Landlocked 24. Taking 25. can26. its 27. which 28. that 29. Instead of 30. because/as/sinceAfter graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.答案：21—25 While / Though / Although; Seated; could / should; was challenged; herself26—30 how; being rejected; where; to find; inDiscovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25) _______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26) _______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas wit h their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’s time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”答案：21. signed 22. to find 23. was labeled/labelled 24. as if/though25. More surprisingly 26. placing 27. where 28. might 29. that 30. until/tillA Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During WarThe saying “an army marches on its stomach” tells the importance of giving soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) for soldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, Fanta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drink was invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began, the Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the syrup（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic” (23) ________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________ curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain for the purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered a high-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was that white rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating rice alone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, which contained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve its sailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) across Japan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available, since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kind of precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caught on.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy and satisfied.答案：21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25. which26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29. consisting 30. everyone/us。

上海市奉贤区2020届高三下学期英语二模考试卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary(共2题；共20分)1．（10分）After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time,researchers appear to have evidence that like animals,those plants deprived of water or(force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain.The study,has yet to be published in a scientific Journal,adds another dimension to scientists(grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years,it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (think).They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light."Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,"said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany."They're living organisms which have their own problems."Actually making their suffering hearable,however,is another matter entirely.(test) that possibility,a team led by Itzhak Khait,a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率)four inches from tomato and tobacco plants.The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of20to150kilohertz(千赫),the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise.But when cut,tobacco plants emitted average of15sounds within an hour of being cut,tomato plants produced25sounds.researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds,Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper as water travels through the plants'tubes, air bubbles will form and explode,producing small vibrations.All this"screaming"caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears.But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice,bats or perhaps other plants--possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as15feet.2．（10分）Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find"Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem.Then came the piano chords,trumpet blasts,violin serenades(小夜曲)and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it from people's homes,out of windows and from balconies,and resounding across rooftops.Finally,on Saturday afternoon,a nationwide of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain under house arrest as the nation,the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus,has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets,from people in their homes,reflects the spirit,resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls,it has also demonstrated the of those national characters.In China,patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring needed food to the people of Wuhan,the epicenter of the outbreak.In Iran,videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep up.And in Italy,the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets,while social media feeds fill with,sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤)from tightly masks have also spread across the web in recent days.Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title"It will all be OK.""We're Italians,and loving singing is part of our culture,"said Giorgio Albertini,51,an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan,calling it a way"to feel a community,and to have the grief."二、Reading Comprehension(共5题；共41分)3．（15分）For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard.That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has（1）it from his life. As a rule,he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is（2）by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)(a somewhat new,divisive field) at Northwestern University.As Business Insider describes,Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw onsome controversial ideas in psychology,including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that,to（3）happiness,people should"build a life that requires（4）decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level,Cerf's idea（5）:Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of（6）people around them.One example Cerf furnishes is that,（7）consistently ordering the second menu item,he never picks where to eat.Rather,he（8）his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with,probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's（9）what,if any,scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice,there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more（10）than liberating.An example from Quanta poits(假设):If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架),choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力)or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力)should be a（11）.And,as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows,most of the time it is,（12）you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars(Snickers,Milky Way,and Almond Joy)they had no problem picking their favorite,but when they were given the option of one among 20,including Snickers,they would sometimes drift away from their（13）.When the choices were taken away in later trials,the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details,according to a model called"divisive normalization(分裂归一化),which has gained some popularity,the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So,if you have two things that are clearly（14）,brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear.When the choices are comparable,the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two,but more choices（15）that ability out.（1）A．relieved B．released C．eliminated D．liberated（2）A．influenced B．inherited C．implemented D．informed（3）A．maximize B．balance C．cherish D．seek（4）A．safer B．fewer C．better D．sounder（5）A．stands out B．comes into forceC．makes sense D．plays a part（6）A．distinguished B．trusted C．authorized D．honored（7）A．in addition to B．instead of C．in spite of D．regardless of（8）A．conveys B．relates C．submits D．limits（9）A．evident B．unclear C．critical D．inevitable（10）A．confusing B．inspiring C．worrying D．appealing（11）A．stressor B．no-brainer C．challenge D．headache（12）A．after B．before C．when D．until（13）A．preference B．struggle C．status D．direction（14）A．impressive B．insignificant C．unique D．distinct（15）A．crowd B．figure C．sort D．put4．（8分）Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open,a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers.When the bee has had her fill,she'll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another,and so on for about20minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her50,000or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit4,000flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me--without ever asking for anything in return.（1）（2分）What does"me"refer to in the passage?A．The flower.B．The bee.C．Water.D．Honey.（2）（2分）What is the2nd paragraph mainly about?A．Bees'special talent.B．Bees'hard work.C．Bees'living environment.D．Bees'social behavior.（3）（2分）Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A．A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B．Before"me"is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C．The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D．Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.（4）（2分）What is the purpose of the passage?A．To appeal for help for honeybees.B．To talk about the history of a treasure.C．To put forward techniques for gardeners.D．To argue against the control of chemicals.5．（6分）Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the2D films you can handle for one monthly price.Watch what you want, when you want,as many times as you want.Plus,save money when watching films in3D and others.After you've been with us for more than1year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into3D films completely free too!Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet10%off all in-cinema food and drink.Plus get10%off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores. First year card holders get10%off,whilst Premium card holders get25%off Cineworld's in-cinema food and drinks including,all drinks,popcorn,nachos,hotdogs,ice cream,pick n mix and much more.Plus all card holders get10%discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you.For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for90days.The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription.You can earn a maximum of12Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code,so recommend Unlimited to12friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!（1）（2分）The cinema names its membership card"Unlimited"because_______.A．one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB．Cineworld members can enjoy as many2D and3D films as they like for freeC．it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at CineworldD．card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives（2）（2分）Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A．The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B．Premium card holders can have25%off at a licensed Starbucks.C．Whoever persuades6friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D．A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.（3）（2分）This passage is probably written to______.A．secure the loyalty of potential customersB．introduce the latest movies and discountsC．promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD．give away movie cards to readers for free6．（8分）阅读理解A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic,in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole,which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days,has reached record dimensions,but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south.If it extends further south overpopulated areas,such as southern Greenland,people would be at increased risk of sunburn.However,on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡),and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere–from human activities–caused the hole to form."The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,"said Vincent-Henri Peuch,director ofthe Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service."We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的)conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone.Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic,which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)clouds and the catalytic(催化的)destruction of ozone."The hole is not related to the Covid-19shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis,or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis.Temperatures in the region are already increasing,slowing the depletion of ozone,and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes.The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the1987Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议),but some sources appear still to be functioning--in2018,unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic,said Peuch."However,this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted,and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where theozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again."（1）（2分）What is the possible meaning of the underlined word"depletion"? A．replacement B．consumption C．increase D．production（2）（2分）According to the passage,scientists are concerned about the hole because______.A．it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB．the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC．it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD．it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis（3）（2分）What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A．The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B．Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C．The Montreal Protocolhas successfully prevented new emissions.D．Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.（4）（2分）The best title for the passage is probably______.A．Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB．Actions Urgently Neededfora New Hole in Ozone LayerC．Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD．How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth7．（4分）Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Taking selfies is definitely one experience that many people like doing and sharing with theonline world.B.People who post group selfies also show a need for popularity and a need to belong to aPeople like to post their selfies(自拍照)on social media.To know more about it,scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism,the researchers said.Makana Chock,a professor from Syracuse University,said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives,it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity."Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.Some people feel"peer pressure"to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience,it did not really happen."Anyway,it shouldn't be seen as negative.People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,"Chock said.Other findings from the study include:There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.On trips and special events,our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.They would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.They were happy to hear your comments.On social media, however,people can decide not to look at photos--even if they click"like".三、Summary Writing(共1题；共5分)8．（5分）Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless.When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak,she got down on her hands and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor.She told me,"My floor wasn't even dirty,but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power,despite the desperate circumstances."Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away.Your perspective can victimize or empower you. When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can't,it's easier to accept whatever is beyond your control.Small gestures during hard times gentle worry and concern.Often during emergencies and crises, people start performing acts of kindness at random.Helping others through a crisis by performing good deeds can make you feel in control.The obvious benefit when you reach out to help someone else is that you get a break from your own worries for a while.Contributing,giving,volunteering,donating and performing kind acts,no matter how small or brief,connect you to other people(and animals)in a deeply meaningful,humane way.So practice doing small gestures for others and yourself.Positive action is supposed to be taken to ensure you a sense of control.Make"cans"out of "cannots"and focus on what you can control.Take advantage of this restrictive time to clear clutter out of your basement,pull weeds in the garden,organize drawers,closets,and bookshelves,or get caught up on fun hobbies you've neglected for a while.Focus on a thought,person,pet,or object that stir hope and positivity within you.Hope always exists alongside of despair.四、Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.(共4题；共20分)9．（5分）我们从来没有像现在这么渴望去学校上课！(Never)10．（5分）既然只能宅在家里，何不做点自己喜欢做但平时又没时间做的事情呢？(Why not) 11．（5分）在欧洲许多作为理想社交场所的咖啡店不得不关门谢客来应对这场公共卫生危机。

2020届宝山区高三英语二模Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As entrepreneurs (创业者), we had a vision, we realized it, and now we (21) _____ (run) our own companies. But the dream can damage our "work-life balance."When the success of the company rests on your shoulders, you've always got an excuse to put (22) _____ else on hold.What I've learned (23) _____ (face) the demands of a start-up company and a young family over the past couple of decades is that sometimes the best way to solve the work-life balance problem is to think small. Make a handful of lifestyle corrections (24) _____, individually, maynot sound all that exciting, but taken together, can prevent you from getting too tired.Here's my list of life hacks that will help prevent exhaustion:?Work from home one day a weekFew things give you a more grounded, in-control feeling than getting things done in your own space and at your own pace. Instead of leaving the office (25) _____ (clear) my head over a Starbucks coffee, I can fold the laundry, and cut back on evening housework.Not to mention, working in pajamas is one of life's (26) _____(underestimate) pleasures.?Pencil in time for exerciseIt really bothered me (27) _____ with the demands of company and family, my tennis game was going down the drain. That may sound unimportant, but it wasn't to me, (28) _____ it was a meaningful part of my life outside of work. To get some balance back in my life, I rearranged my schedule. Two mornings a week, I woke up an hour (29) _____ (early) to work out with a tennis coach. If sports aren't your thing, try yoga or that hobby that you always loved but let go of after starting your business.?Learn something new, outside the officeIt can be draining to always be the person who's supposed to have the answers as a business leader. It's surprisingly liberating to be on the other side, (30) _____ (absorb) knowledge withoutthe pressure to perform or to always be right.21. are running22.everything 23.facing 24.that 25.to clear 26.underestimated27.that 28.because 29.earlier 30.absorbing2020届崇明区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing GumDutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’sstickysituations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organizationIamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop (21)_______(create) a limited edition sneaker foradults made from recycled gum collected from the city’s pavements.Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem, (22) _______it is made fromplastics that do not biodegrade (生物降解). It’s also the second (23)_______ (common) form ofroadside litter, after cigarette ends. An incredible 3.3 million pounds of gum are incorrectly thrownaway on the sidewalks each year, (24)_______ (cost) the city millions of dollars to clean up.Gumdrop plans to collect waste gum from the streets of Amsterdam, clean them, and turn theminto Gum-Tec, the material that forms the base of the shoe.The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks, (25) _______will also raiseawareness for the anti-littering cause. (26)_______ (price) at around $332, the shoes will comeinto the market sometime next month.Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pinkand a black/red colorway—(27)_______ (feature) long-lasting rubber outsoles (鞋子外底)shaped from recyclable compounds produced by Gumdrop, 20 percent of which are made fromgum.Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum (28)_______ (use) in every four pairs of shoes. A map ofAmsterdam is made into the bottom of the soles to remind people of the littering problem. Evenbetter, the sneakers actually still smell like bubblegum, (29) _______ the annoying stickiness. Justas good as any sneaker with a rubber sole, the Gumshoes help get chewing gum off our streetsand keep the dangerously non-biodegradable substance out of our eco-system.To help spread their sustainability message, (30) _______Gumshoe’s creators are hoping to do is to expand their project to other major cities around the world.参考答案：21. to create22. because / as / since 23. most common / commonest24. costing25. which 26. Priced27. feature28. is used29. without30. what2020届奉贤区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprivedof water or (21) ______(force) to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study, (22)______ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists (23)______ (grow) understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24)______ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “P are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonnin Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”　Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely. (25) ______(test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies (超声波频率) four inches fromtomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫), the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26) ______average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27) ______ tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28) ______ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and hiscolleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29) ______ as water travels through the plants'tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming”　caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. Butorganisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice, bats or perhaps other plants--(30)______ possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.参考答案：21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/can2020届虹口区高三英语二模Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, itreally all (21) __________ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, yousure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos beforeyou can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) __________ __________ they make youashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23)__________ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in thefuture.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) __________ (figure) out, start using what youlearned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and youable to mentally pick out a pose in the future - (25) __________ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile untilyou find one that fits. You should consider (26) __________ a closed or an open - mouthed smilelooks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese andtry out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) __________ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural,realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) __________ (happen) isplacing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality,the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) __________ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30)__________ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.参考答案：21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned2020届黄浦区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage,Lego now wantsthem back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S.can dump old bricks in abox,print a free shipping label,and send them off to Give Back Box,a socialenterprise(21)______ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for Americaand the Boys and Girls Club of Boston."The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22)______ (call)ABS,andthe toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It's already fairly common,of course,that Legos (23)______ (hand)down from one child to another."says T imBrooks,vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while(24)______ (maintain)Lego's standard of quality.“We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,"he says."You shouldn't get a really inferior experience(25)______ the bricks are donated. "If the program goes well, Brooks says,it(26)______ expand.He sees it(27)______ one version of the circular economy,a system of keepingmaterials in use-and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy."You can build a rocket and then you can take (28)______ apart and build aship,or a car,or a house,or (29)______ you like,"Brooks says.As toys are reused, that'sanother circular system“We intend(30)______ (show)that great quality toys like Legocan be used in lots of repeating circles-used,reused,donated,used,reused, donated."参考答案：21.that/which 22. called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 26. may/might27.as 28.it/that 29. whatever 25. although/ because 30. to show2020届金山区高三英语二模I. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingzombies (僵尸).” They You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphoneare too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in tenpeople admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay moreattention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and makeit illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones,tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walkin It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the UnitedStates resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of beinga major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city inthe country.”　Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of$15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians(28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers,such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honoluluby using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could justwait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.参考答案：21.to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been26.where 27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. until2020届闵行区高三英语二模A brief history of Chopsticks.We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils(器皿) used by billions of people around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been wielding chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500 chopsticks 21(sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings 22cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, there's more tochopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks 23 (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The 24 (early) versions were probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resourcesbecame scare, around 400 B. C. ,crafty chefs figured out 25 to conserve fuel bychopping food into smaller pieces that required less cooking fuel, and besides, it could becooked more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at-violent teachings of Confucius ( 孔the dinner table—a practice that also matched the non子)，26 expressed in one of his numerousquotations:“ the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, he believed sharp points evoked( 诱发) violence 27 (kill) the happy, contented that knives’　mood that should reign during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick usequickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first28 (create) the now-ubiquitous disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood.Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral, brass or agate versions, while the mostprivileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would corrode and turn black 29it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another staple of Asian cuisine: rice. At first glance, you'd think that rice wouldn't make the cut,but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches(淀粉质食品)in these rices create a cooked product that is gummy and clumpy, unlike the fluffy anddistinct grains of Western long- grain rice. 30 chopsticks come together to lift steamingbundles of sticky rice, it's a match made in heaven.参考答案：21. had swept22. as23. Were developed24. earliest25. how26. as27. killing28. to create29. if/when30. As/Because/Since2020届浦东新区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Green Spring Renews Life’s PromiseFor me, two of the loveliest words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on a beautiful spring day, bored,working on a history paper, I don’t recall (21) _________ I was researching into. Out of nowhere,those two words came (22) _________ (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.After those words (23) _________ (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longerbored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-greenlawn.I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend toLas Vegas, after 10 days in California, I looked down on hills that were so green that I (24)_________ almost taste them. When I approached Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown. Welanded after sunset, and the only green to be seen was neon（霓虹灯）.But the next morning, to my surprise, I (25) _________ (awake) to find signs of spring allover my yard. (26) _________ my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three dayslater, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants playthe A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was completely great, a variety ofwildflowers and blooming cactuses.Sometimes we need the chance (27) _________ (remind) that we’re still alive. After myhusband died, a friend sent me a card which read: “Just (28) _________ you think you will never smile again, life comes back.”Life persists, and so do (29) _________ in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in thebirth of a child and the passing of a loved one; in the words we leave behind and the hearts ofthose (30) _________ will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.21. what 22.dancing 23.were read24.could25.awoke/was awoken26.In/During27.to be reminded 28.when/as29.we30.who2020届松江区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital.She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it.But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21)________ this job turned out rewarding. she soon got tired of it. (22)__________ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23)_______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan, she titled the course 'Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway', Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24)_______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn't know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized. she had equipped (25)________ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course. they were amazed at (26)_______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27)______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers. she unwillinglyput the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing. she went through the drawer (28)______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up. she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore.(29)_______(find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30)__________ her way.21-25 While / Though/ Although: Seated: could / should: was challenged: herself26-30 low: being rejected: where: to find: in2020届徐汇区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers,(21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no lastname. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNAtest as aChristmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot ofDNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but oneHis name was Vincent Ghant.match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.”　Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was (24) _______ _______ they had known each other their wholelives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. (25)_______(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the samesubjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. Buttimes were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that (26)_______(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point (27) _______ it was hard for her to putinto words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local teashop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron (28) _______ hate his birth family forplacing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and (29) _______ he’d grown up in loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebratedChristmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship (30) _______ it’stime toleave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got yea years to catch up on.”21. signed 22.to find 23. was labeled/labelled24. as if/though25. More surprisingly 26. placing27. where28. might29. that30. until/till2020届杨浦区高三英语二模A Taste of War—Foods That Were Created During Wartells the importance of giving The saying “an army marches on its stomach”　soldiers tasty, nutritious foods. In some cases, foods that (21) ________ (create) forsoldiers or during times of war became popular in homes as well.Today, F anta is a famous soda, but its beginnings were humble. The soft drinkwas invented in Germany to take the place of Coca Cola. When World War II began,syrupthe Coca-Cola Company’s German branch (22) ________ no longer receive the（糖浆）used to produce the soft drink from the United States. Thus, it created a(23)new drink to satisfy the market and called it Fanta, short for “fantastic”　________German.The beginnings of war-time foods in Asia are interesting, too. (24) ________curry（咖喱）had already existed in India, it was introduced into Japan via Britain forthe purpose of restoring sailors’ health. As the story goes, the Japanese navy initially promised unlimited amounts of white rice, (25) ________ was considered ahigh-status food in Japan, as a way to attract newcomers. The problem was thatwhite rice lacked the vital vitamin B1, and thousands of sailors fell ill after eating ricealone. (26) ________ (observe) the British navy’s standard meal of curry, whichcontained vitamin B1-rich meat and flour, the Japanese navy began to serve itssailors the same. The curry was so tasty that it soon (27) ________ (spread) acrossJapan.The Korean War gave birth to budae jigae, or “army stew” in Korean. It was first made in US military bases near Seoul, using (28) ________ ingredients were available,since food was scarce. The tasty stew typically (29) ________ (consist) of some kindof precooked meat such as ham, American cheese and instant noodles soon caughton.Many foods were invented at times of conflict to keep soldiers healthy. Fortunately, some of those foods still exist to keep (30) ________ happy andsatisfied.21. had been created/were created 22. could 23. in 24. Although/Though/While 25.which 26. Observing/ Having observed 27. spread/was spread 28. what(ever) 29.consisting 30. everyone/us2020届长宁区高三英语二模II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper formof the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, th answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often atrendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer thanfive days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals (22) ______ (decrease) in Americanfamilies by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too:from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is.Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) familymeals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested thatchildren who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher riskof fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction andSubstance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parentsfive or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all,having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. Theprimary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in thestudies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (3 ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.。

2020届上海各区高三二模英语试卷中译英汇编2020年上海市各区高三年级第二学期高考模拟试卷（二模）英语试卷选编（中译英部分）目录宝山区 (1)崇明区 (2)奉贤区 (2)虹口区 (2)金山区 (3)闵行区 (3)浦东新区 (3)徐汇区 (4)嘉定区 (4)声明：本材料仅供教师备课、考生复习之用，相关版权归著作权人所有。

各区排名不分先后。

提示：本文档已编排电子目录，在目录相应条目上按住Ctrl键并单击鼠标可直接追踪链接；亦可使用“导航窗格”。

宝山区1.我们不惧风雨，也不畏任何险阻。

(or)2.戴口罩是阻止病毒传播的有效方式。

(keep)3.时不我待，时间和历史都属于奋进者。

(as)4.生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任。

(issue)1.We are not afraid of winds and rains, or any kind of difficulties.2.Putting on a face mask is an effective way to keep virus from spreading.3.Time and tide wait for no one as time and history are both on the side of hard workers.4.Life is of great importance. When a terrible disease / an epidemic breaks out, a command is issued. It is ourresponsibility to prevent and control it/ the disease.崇明区1.孩子的每一点进步对父母来说都很重要。

(mean)2.在某种程度上，这种新措施有可能缓解这个城市的交通堵塞。

(possibility)3.从来没有人不努力就能成功，所以你必须制定一个切实可行的计划，并付诸于行动。

Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas -the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin bringing up your first catch of the day.That's when everything goes wrong.Your fishing nets are tangled up (缠成一团)in older,abandoned fishing tool,and you're unable to untangle them.Your equipment (21)_____(ruin),and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped.They will die (22)_____you are unable to draw or free them.Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does.It still catches fish,but no one benefits.Trapped fish die andattract scavengers (清道夫)(23)_____also get caught,creating a vicious cycle.In fact,lost fishing tool,or "ghost tool,"is among (24)_____(great)killers in the oceans.This tool further reduces the already declining number of fish.Environmental agencies estimate that 10percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool (25)_____(equal)640,000tons every year.Fortunately,these agencies are asking why this is happening and what (26)_____be done to stop it.It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool.In most circumstances bad weather is to blame.But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose,risking expensive fines.But to them,it's worth the risk (27)_____(free)up space onboard,cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees.(28)_____equipment loss is accidental or not,a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical solution.By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology,owners are more likely to recover lost tool and less likely to abandon it.Currently,ownership regulations are reportedly very weak.Leading the effort for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative).(29)_____(launch)in 2015,the GGTI is the first organization of its kind.It's brought together an organization of governments,fishing-industry executives,seafood companies and non-profits.Their efforts to get back and recycle the tool (30)_____(improve)marine environment,protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide,and a global effort is needed to solve it.22.as 23.which 24.the greatest 25.equaling答案：21.is ruined26.can 27.to free 28.Whether unched 30.will improve 1.2024届上海市宝山区高三英语二模专题汇编：语法填空上海市2024年高三英语二模专题汇编：语法填空Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in LondonMore than700,000people in London joined in a celebration on February11organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.The celebration was claimed by the organizers(21)_____(be)the largest Chinese New Year event outside Asia.It started at10am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese costumes.The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatown.During the parade,significant attention(22)_____(capture)by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk dance,a national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产)in China.The group of16dancers,originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province,(23)_____the art form originated,offered a sensory cultural feast(盛宴)to the people of the United Kingdom.At noon,the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square,with notable figures from China and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions,symbolically(24)_____(awaken)them.(25)_____the lions were awakened,they performed a lively flying dance.Performers(26)_____(hide)under the costumes jumped up and down on3-meter-high poles,drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.Zheng Zeguang,China’s ambassador(大使)to the UK,(27)_____(address)the attendees at Trafalgar Square.He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making(28)_____possible for the event to happen,and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.Sadiq Khan,mayor of London,spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin.“One of the reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is(29)_____Londoners of Chinese origin have been making contributions to the city,”he said.The mayor also warned(30)_____trying to“discourage”friendships between China and the UK.In addition to the lively parade and stage performances,there were cultural workshops,interactive games,and food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.答案：21.to be22.was captured23.where24.awakening25.After/When/As/Once 26.hidden27.addressed28.it29.that30.againstAre You Ready to Hug a Robot?Getting hugged tends to be a powerful positive emotional experience.Hugs have been shown to enhance social bonding and emotional well-being.However,not everyone can get a hug(21)___________they need one.Some people are lonely and do not have anyone to hug them.Others may be in long-distance relationships(22)___________it is not easy to get physical affection from their partner.In this case,they(23)___________receive fewer hugs than they like.How can this problem be solved?(24)___________scientists have proposed is to develop hug robots.This could offer lonely people the positive effects of getting hugged without the need(25)___________(seek)a person who could hug them.Nevertheless,designing a hug robot is not an easy task.For example,if the robot is very large and made mostly of metal,people might be frightened of it,(26)______________________happily hugging it.Therefore, psychological research is needed.A new study,which(27)___________(publish)in International Journal recently,focuses on the development of Moffuly-II,a newly developed hug robot,which can move its arms to perform different small gestures during the hug. When two people hug,they often do specific things with their hands,such as clapping the(28)___________(hug) person on the back to signal sympathy.It is important that a hug robot can perform similar gestures,too.In the study,the scientists wanted to know whether these gestures would make a robot hug(29)___________(appealing).Volunteers who Moffully-II hugged generally preferred hugs with gestures to gesture-less hugs.They felt that the robot was more friendly when(30)___________(perform)gestures.The findings of the study indicate that it is possible to design a robot that people enjoy to hug.Details matter here, as the intra-hug gestures played a significant role in determining how much the human volunteers enjoyed the hug.答案：21.whenever/when22.where/so23.may/might24.What25.to seek26.instead of/rather than27.has been published28.hugged29.more appealing30.performingNo Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones“Please,no flash photography.”Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world,but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of(21)_________they feel like.The same goes for concerts,movie theaters and other places(22) _________people routinely ignore filming restrictions.A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.The patent,(23)_________(award)to Apple today,outlines a system which would allow venues,like concert halls or theaters,to use an infrared emitter(红外发射器)to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones.According to the patent,infrared beams could be picked up by the camera,and interpreted by the smartphone as a command(24) _________(block)the user from taking any photos or videos.Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows(25)_________they object to the free footage circulating around the web.(26)_________this,images still manage to leak out.Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t.If Apple’s patent(27)_________ (introduce)into iPhone software,with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage,leaks like this could potentially stop happening.But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to(28) _________with more immoral intentions.Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’devices, it’s possible that Apple just(29)_________(patent)the technology so that no one else will use it.But who knows,if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems,sales of camcorders,or even GoPros,could get a much-needed boost,as people try to avoid(30)_________(use)the prohibitive software.答案：21.what(ever)/something/anything22.where23.awarded24.to block25.because/as/since26.Despite27.is introduced28.someone/ingWalking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your HealthSpend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward.One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections__21__(absorb)in a device.That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention.It also changes your mood,your manner of walking and etc.—and affects your ability to get from point A to point B__22__running into trouble.When you walk and use a phone at the same time,you automatically adjust__23__you move.Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about10percent slower than those undistracted ones.These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk.And__24__walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity,walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force__25__(place)on the neck and upper back muscles,which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health.It appears that__26__(get) these benefits,it’s important that your attention is on the environment,rather than on your phone.Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky.Some cities,like Honolulu,__27__(pass)laws to control distracted walkers.But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises.One study has looked at the connection between“phone-related distracted walking”and emergency department ing government data __28__(extend)over the years2011to2019,the researchers turned up nearly30,000walking injuries occasioned by phones.If you’re distracted by a phone,you’re definitely putting__29__at some risk.So how do you stay safe?If you do walk and use your device at the same time,stop when you’re around stairs,crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, __30__accidents are more likely to occur.答案：21.were absorbed22.without23.how24.if/since25.placed26.to get27.have passed28.extending29.yourself30.whereThe Day I SurvivedIt had been raining buckets that week,and authorities had issued a flood warning,though not for where I was.Still, I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case.As I was drifting off to sleep,I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water,(21)______________I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom.When I(22)_______(swing)my legs off the bed,I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast.(23)_______(feel)my way in the darkness,I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight.As I stepped out of my bedroom,water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door.The water(24)_______have gone over the sandbags,I thought.All around me,my things began to float:chairs,bookshelves,and pieces of my drum set.I heard the garden door starting to break down(25)_______the pressure of the flood,and the water was now up to my waist.I began to panic.In bare feet and with my shorts(26)_______(glue)to my body,I started to walk to my only escape:the door that leads upstairs.I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open,but the force of the water wouldn’t let me do so.I looked around and grabbed a broom(27)_______was floating behind ing it to pry(撬)open the door,I managed to make a gap of about a foot,just wide enough(28)_______(force)myself through.Finally,I made it outside.If I had woken up just a few minutes later,I would have drowned.The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood.Later,we(29)_______(assure)that something like this happens only once every100years.I hope so.It pains me to see(30)_______was once a lovely,cozy street now turns into a waterscape.答案：21.as if22.swung23.Feeling24.must25.under26.glued27.that/which28.to force29.have been assured/are assured30.whatDNA analysis reveals two waves of migrationThe results of the study,published in the Science Bulletin,revealed two major migration waves in history.In this pioneering study,scientists from Fudan University(21)______(dig)into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province,revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over12 centuries.The research employed ancient DNA data(22)______(explore)human migration along the Hexi Corridor.The Hexi Corridor,was a narrow yet crucial link(23)______(connect)the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory.Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts,the ancient pathway was dotted with cities(24) ______(found)along short rivers.Historical documents attest(证实)to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads(25)______Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade,religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.(26)______technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration,archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples.Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data(27)______the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang.The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers(异常样本)dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang.Further examination revealed one had approximately50percent western Eurasian ancestry and(28)____________30percent,suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men.(29)______the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations.Experts said the second major migration period(30)______(mark)by a significant shift in the gene pool.Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from138BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.答案：21.dug/have dug22.to explore23.connecting24.founded25.where26.As27.from28.the other29.What30.was markedBeethov-hen’s first symphonyOn a grey Friday morning at a Hawke’s Bay farm,members of New Zealand’s symphony orchestra dressed in black to perform their latest composition in front of a large crowd.The music contained many marks of traditional classical music,but as it began,the instruments started to make loud, rough sounds more commonly__21__(hear)in chicken coops than in an auditorium.However,no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition,__22__the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was,in fact,a couple of thousand chickens.The piece of music–Chook Symphony No.1–__23__(create)specifically for the birds out of an unlikely partnership between the orchestra and an organic free-range chicken farm which wanted a piece of chicken-friendly music to enrich its flocks’lives.“We’ve been playing classical music for the chickens for some years now because__24__is well researched that the music can calm the chickens down,”says Ben Bostock,one of the two brothers who__25__(own)the Bostock Brothers farm.Research has shown animals can respond positively to classical music,and chickens are particularly responsive to baroque(巴洛克风格),according to some studies.The composer,Hamish Oliver,__26__used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from composers such as Corelli,Bach,and Schnittke,wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s world.“The trumpet imitates the chicken…the woodwind instruments are the cluckiest,especially if you take the reeds off.”The early stages of composition were spent__27__(test)out which instruments and sounds the chickens responded to best.“They didn’t like any big banging,”Bostock said,adding that when the birds respond positively to the music,they tend__28__(wander)farther among the trees.Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use the piece of music to calm their own birds.For Oliver,having input from the farmers about__29__the chickens were responding to particular sounds and instruments was a highlight of the project.The symphony has searched exhaustively__30__any other examples of orchestras making music specifically for chickens and believes this to be a world-first,says Peter Biggs,the orchestra’s chief executive.答案：21.heard22.as/because23.was created24.it25.own26.who27.testing28.to wander29.how30.forBy day,Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time,he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page-turner.“(21)________not being a trained musician,I’ve learned to read music to assist Maria in her performance.”Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but(22)________(act)as the group’s official page-turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score.In this way,the musicians don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it(23)________.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.Being a page-turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music(24)________go for40minutes and require up to50pages of turns,including back turns for repeat passages.(25)________matters is onstage communication.Each pianist has their own style of“nodding”(26)________(indicate)a page turn that they need to practise with their page-turner.But like all performances,there are moments(27)________things go wrong.“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,”Mr Titterton said,“Luckily,I was able to catch them and put them back.”(28)________most page-turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner.He’s interested in the music,(29)________(feel)every note, but I have to say:‘Turn,turn!’”she laughed.“But Robert is(30)________(qualified)page-turner I’ve had in my entire life.”答案：21.Despite22.has acted/has been acting23.themselves24.can/may/might25.What26.to indicate27.when28.Although/Though/While29.feeling30.the most qualified10.2024届区高三英语二模专题汇编：语法填空上海市浦东新Why We Should Record Travel MomentsOn a rainy summer day,I took a train to Switzerland and trekked through the mud to a medieval fortress high atop a cliff.After twisting through its dimly lit corridors,I finally____21____(arrive)at the main viewpoint of Cave of the Fairies:a plunging77m waterfall that shoots from underground into a sparkling pool.As the waterfall wet my jacket,I closed my eyes and took out my phone____22____(record)the rush of dreamy reality before me.I had come in search of a sound,not a sight.Throughout my travels,I’ve found myself____23____(collect)sound recordings the way other people collect souvenirs.Just as some travellers take photos of landscapes or their food,I started doing this as an artistic way to help me remember some of the most interesting details of my trips.Environmental scientist Lauren Kuehne said,“I think that once you start to listen,once you actually start to listen, you start to appreciate how much____24____(big)the world is.”This attitude____25____(echo)by Samara Kester,a retired emergency medicine physician who now serves on QPI’s board.“A photograph is two dimensions.____26____you are looking at something you’re seeing,it’s maybe180 degrees,maybe270degrees.Sound is360degrees.You hear it all around you.”Kester explained____27____teaching herself to be a better listener has not only expanded her sense of travel,but helped her relive her travels once she’s back home.“You immerse____28____in that place again.You recreate those memories and therefore recreate the feelings you had,____29____are very hard to express clearly.You can re-experience that and that will send you to where you were before.”Months later back in my L.A.home,I find myself popping on my headphones and listening back to the rush of falling water inside Cave of the Fairies.When I close my eyes,I____30____feel the spray of water against my skin,the sense of letting my ears lead me on a faraway adventure.Mentally,I’m right back there—if only for a moment.答案：21.arrived22.to record23.collecting24.bigger25.was echoed26.When/While 27.how28.yourself29.which30.canWhat If You’re Not Good at English?Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific journal article as native speakers.For a PhD student,that can mean(21)______(spend)up to19additional working days per year just reading papers.These statistics,(22)______(publish)today in PLOS Biology,might not be shocking,researchers say,but it’s important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of academics(23)______are not fluent in English.“It is the first step for the scientific community(24)______(make)more efforts to solve this problem”,says Tatsuya Amano,a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane,Australia,and a co-author of the study.The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English,scientists from countries(25) ______English is generally poor spent29.8percent more time writing papers than native English speakers;(26)______ from countries with moderate English proficiency(能力)spent50.6%more time.Similarly,the researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of90.8percent more time reading scientific articles (27)_______native English speakers.At conferences,even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English.Germana Barata,a researcher who(28)______(specialize)in science communication at the State University of Campinas in Brazil,says that despite being fluent in English,she still feels uncomfortable at times.“We(29)______(give)the same amount of time to present,but all that we can say in10minutes is different from(30)______a native speaker can say,”she points out.答案：21.spending22.published23.who/that24.to make25.where26.those27.than28.specializes/is specialized29.are given30.whatRemote Work Slows Senior Housing Market RecoveryWith the rise of remote work,the market for senior housing has met with problems in its recovery.Only a few old people choose to live in senior-living communities(21)______the growing senior population and the cancelation of COVID-19restrictions once making family visits difficult.(22)______this trend suggests is that people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market.That is,remote work is keeping many older Americans from moving into senior-living communities once warmly(23)______(welcome).When more adults began working remotely during the pandemic(流行病),they were able to check in on aging parents easily—they(24)______take care of their parents’issues on short notice.Experts have been analyzing the phenomenon in different ways.Some found that the greater flexibility to care for parents(25)______(mean)people’s delay in sending aged parents to expensive senior-housing accommodations. Therefore,markets with high levels of people working from home usually have lower senior-housing occupancy rates. Others said remote work might have some effect but also pointed to different factors.For instance,many seniors think that their family wallets are getting thinner,making some of them reluctant(26)______(send)to senior-living communities.The age at which people enter senior housing is also increasing,(27)______serves as another sign that shows people are choosing to delay transitioning.The rising cost of senior living weighs heavily on that decision.The CPI (consumer-price index)for nursing homes and adult day services rose4.5%last May compared with(28)______in May, 2022.Still,many senior-housing operators are optimistic.When(29)______(illustrate)their point,they showed an increase in the number of people turning80years old over the following years and the actual wealth they have collected. Moreover,they find remote work arrangements are decreasing in some parts of the country,(30)______employees there have seen their lowered productivity while working from home.答案：21.despite22.What23.welcomed24.could25.meant26.to be sent27.which28.that29.illustrating30.because/since/asA French bakery has become a tourist attraction in Nanping township,which is partof Zhuhai,a coastal city in Guangdong province.Papa Romantic,located in Beishan community,attracts a large number of Chineseand foreigners alike.After(21)_______(taste)the bakery's bread,some Chinese studentswho have returned from abroad have expressed admiration,while foreigners who lived inZhuhai but moved to other Chinese cities such as Beijing(22)_______(continue)to havebread and pastries from the shop(23)_______(ship)to them.The bakery is a welcoming environment for those who want to sit and enjoy authentic French cuisine.On one side is a well-preserved old ancestral hall,and on the other sideare lush trees that provide shade(24)_______the sun.The shop has a brightstorefront,and the aroma of the bread,the aluminum tables and the chairsunder sun umbrellas display a peaceful atmosphere away from the hustle andbustle.At Papa Romantic,the best-selling items include baguettes,croissants, sandwiches,crepes and cookies.In addition,some unique treats such as fig bread and colorful macrons are also popular among young customers.Owner and baker Ronan Salaun,(25)_______comes from the Brittany region of France,said the ingredients at his bakery(26)______(import),and he refuses to use chemicals or additives in his food.(27)_______his friends return to France,they know they need to bring him some crystal salt from a natural salt pond in France.The black pepper he uses comes from Madagascar."Simple things are important,and the quality of salt and pepper makes a big difference,"Salaun said.While remaining true to his French roots,he has also taken into consideration the dietary habits of Chinese people. "Chinese locals prefer soft crust bread,while French like the crusty one.I sell both kinds.I can't just maintain the original characteristics;I must adapt to locals'preferences,"he said.A former mechanical engineer,Salaun,was sent by a Hong Kong company to work at a furniture factory in Wanzai township,Zhuhai,in November2000.He said he couldn't have imagined how much his life would change with that move.At that time,Wanzai was a tiny town(28)_______(border)Macao known for its flower trade.For Salaun,life in Wanzai seemed simple and rustic.He remembers(29)_______when he wanted to take a bath,he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub.Although the living and working conditions were not as favorable as(30)______abroad,Salaun grew to love Zhuhai,which is located at the mouth of the Pearl River.答案：21.tasting22.continue23.shipped24.from25.who26.are imported27.Whenever/When28.bordering29.that30.those。

2020届高三二模语法填空汇编一、东城二模AAs a child growing up 1 England, James Reynolds was always excited by thunderstorms. Now, he runs straight towards them as a “storm chaser”. Specialising in hurricanes and volcano es, Reynolds travels the world to shoot pictures of Earth’s most extreme weather event s. The pictures are used by TV news channels around the world. It’s a 2 (danger) job though. He has almost been hit by flying window frames twice in the past 18 3 (month). However, he says the chase is always worth it for the places he has been to and the brilliant people he has met along the way.BAmateur explorers have found what may have been the last undiscovered island on Earth. The island is round and about three quarters of a mile wide. It sits in the northern Pacific and is a place 4 it’s neithe r too hot nor too cold. It’s almost completely flat and rocky. The island’s only distinguishing feature is a slight hill on the eastern side. After spotting the hidden piece of land in 5 first looked like an e-map fault, the group of friends 6 (s et) out in a boat to confirm what they’d found. They’re now running an online contest to name the island.CPoetry is a beautiful art form. Its power lies in the ability to transform ordinary experiences by capturing（捕捉）a moment or emotion. 7 (write) poetry is a privilege and struggle, in part because we need to create in 8 (we) a new way of observing the world, capturing microscopic moments as materials for our work. Most of our time at the desk 9 (spend) wrestling with our imagination, and we know that a successful poem arrives on the back of failure. There are moments when an idea will not translate onto paper. Y et, failure is good, because every 10 (abandon) line we painstakingly remove prepares us for the ripe poem around the corner.二、西城二模Awas distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.BThe red-crowned crane (鹤tall. Its feathers are as white as snow, except for some black ones on its face, neck and wings. Its unique feature,in China, Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula (半岛). In China, it spends the warmer months in therivers and wetlands in the north-east. the weather gets cold, it migrates to east-central China. The red-crowned crane is a symbol of long life and good luck in Chinese culture.CNearly two decades have passed since China sent the first Beidou satellite into space in 2000. During that time,more Beidou satellites were sent into orbit (轨道),(BDS). In late 2012, it began providing positioning, navigation, timing and messaging to people in China and other parts of the Asia-Pacific region. At the end of 2018, BDS started to serve users worldwide.Now with two more Beidou satellites三、海淀二模ADuring my childhood, whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I would climb the mountain near our house. Walking together, we had a lot of conversations through 1 I learned many valuable lessons. He always stressed to me, “You s hould have objectives and capacity like the mountain.“This has 2 (large) influenced my life.3 the mountain-climbing, we couldn't have had enough time to spend together because my father was busy.BYou have probably dreamed about 4 you would change the world, only to find that it seems impossible. However, you may have the power 5 (make) the world better with baby steps. That‘s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weibo. It asks people to do something positive and then record the changes before and after. Since its first 6 (appear) on Sina Weibo on Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millions of viewers and participants. 7 these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.CThere’s nothing better than flying to a foreign destination to visit the attractions it 8 (have) to offer. Millions of people are doing the same, and why not? The world has an amazing variety of must-see sights, from breathtaking natural scenery to impressive old cities. But the problem is that too many of us 9 (visit) them at the same time, putting pressure on these delicate and ancient places. That's why a number of beauty spots and historic sites have been introducing charges or restrictions on the number of tourists. There are many reasons for this: to reduce overcrowding, to manage wear and tear on old buildings and to tidy up the mess 10 (leave) behind.四、朝阳二模AA man called Andy set out for the Pacific Crest Trail,1 stretches from the borders of Mexico to Canada. He decided to take a selfie(自拍)every single mile along the 4,286-kilometre journey.Andy created a time-lapse (延时的)video from his five-month hike and he was almost unrecognisable towards the end of the video一he had lost 23 kilograms.2 (sad), he never finished the journey, as he3 (trap) by a snowstorm about 418 kilometres from the end.BA US astronaut, Christina Koch, spent 328 days in space, which is a record for a female astronaut. She completed her mission, landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied 4 people are able to live outside Earth. Her time in space allows researchers 5 ( study) the effects of a long-term spaceflight on the female body. NASA says the findings 6 ( help) the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.CThe European Parliament(议会)voted for 7 ( cancel) the summer time by 2021. The next step is to discuss the issue with EU countries.The current law 8 ( make) EU countries move their clocks forwards on the last Sunday in March and move them backwards on the last Sunday in October.Some people say that the summer time saves energy, 9 the European commission (委员会) says that the 10 (save) are small. Also, most people in the EU want to cancel the summer time.五、丰台二模AEsias Bedingar always knew he wanted to study medicine. After 1 (decide) to experience a new culture, he came from Africa to the USA. There was one challenge: He 2 (speak) no English. But within just four months, he completed the ESL program. Three years later, he finished his undergraduate degree and was accepted to Harvard University, where he is pursuing a master’s degree in public health. He said it was 3 (he) dream that got him to Harvard.BConfucius (孔子), born in the district of Zou, near today’s Qufu city in Shandong province, was an educator and philosopher (哲学家) 4 founded Confucianism, a school of thought that deeply influenced later generations. He was the first Chinese to set up private schools and enroll students from all walks of life. Confucius 5(regard) as a symbol of China’s traditional culture. Nowadays, Qufu holds memorial events every year 6 (honor) him and popularize his theory to the younger generations.CEverything happens for a reason. Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck. Injury, 7 (ill), love, and lost moments of true greatness all occur to test the limits of your soul. 8 these small tests, life would be like a straight flat road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, 9 dull and completely pointless. The success and downfall you experience helps to create who you are and decide 10 you go.六、房山二模AMa was born into a doctor’s family in 1933 and became a (apply) to become a paratrooper in 1961, but her first application failed because there were no female paratroopers at that time. But she learnt to parachute by training hard in secret. Finally, she became China’s first female paratrooper. Shethe age of 51. She completed over 140 parachuting jumps over a period of 20 years. In 2018, Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town. This (donate) was to support local education and public welfare.BShadow plays, the earliest of 4 started over 2000 years ago, have enjoyed a long history in China and consist of many styles. One famous branch displayed in museum is called Taian Shadow Play. It is believed that it originated in the Song Dynasty when an emperor came to Mount Tai to offer sacrifice. In the past, the authentic shadow figures 5 (make) of donkey skin. But nowadays，to save the 6 (life) of many donkeys, they have found some man-made materials, which are used for the figures in the hands-on area.CThe oceans are a valuable source of natural resources. Some of them areto us. Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance,under the South China Sea. In addition, China’s underwater vessels, such as the Jiaolong and ShenhaiY ongshi, have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres. The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by aThe research conducted by these vessels is providing scientists with a better understanding ofbed was formed, as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling, taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.七、门头沟二模AChina is developing a next-generation spacecraft for human spaceflight 1 would allow astronauts to travel to the moon and other deep-space destinations. China 2 (become) the third country to independently send astronauts into space in 2003 when Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou-5spacecraft. However Shenzhou V is not designed for the environment of deep space. The new spacecraft, which has not yet been named, will orbit beyond Low-Earth Orbit (LEO), 3 (carry) four to six astronauts.BAbout 65% of Americans say they have difficulty falling asleep a few 4 (night) each week, according to a recent study 5 (make) by the National Sleep Foundation. Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed. Some of your favourite evening habits may have something to do with sleepingfalling asleep. Y ou should make your room as dark as possible. What’s more, it’s not good to exercise late at night. Fierce physical activities raise your body te mperature and are bad for a good night’s sleep.CA week before Earth Day, posters 7 (put) up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.Our class came up with the idea 8 (make) better use of used materials. We brought to our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles and turned those into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those 9 (expect) gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. W e did so well that we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.We are very proud of 10 (we) and believe we can do more for a better world.参考答案一、东城二模1. in 2. dangerous 3. months 4. where 5. what6. set7. Writing8. ourselves9. is spent 10. abandoned二、西城二模 1. noticed 2. to clear 3. that/which 4. invention 5. largest6. is found/has been found7. When/As8. forming9. services 10. launched三、海淀二模1. which 2. largely 3. Without 4. how 5. to make 6. appearance7. Though/Although/While 8. has 9. are visiting 10. left四、朝阳二模1.which 2. Sadly 3. was trapped/had been trapped 4. if/whether 5. to study6. will help7. cancel(l)ing8. makes9. but 10. savings五、丰台二模1. deciding 2. spoke 3. his 4. who/that 5. is regarded/ has been regarded6. to honor7. illness8. Without9. but/ yet 10. where六、房山二模1.applied 2.at 3.donation 4.which 5.were made6.livespletely8.known9.giving 10.how七、门头沟二模1. that/ which 2. became 3. carrying 4. nights 5.made 6. from 7. were put 8. to make 9.unexpected 10. ourselves。

2020上海高三英语二模汇编----语法填空1. 金山区A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies (僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.21.to watch 22. because 23. caught 24. what 25. had been 26.where 27. whoever 28. can/may 29. being fined 30. until2. 黄浦区Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You shouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keepingmaterials in use – and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles – used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”21. that / which22. called23. are handed24. maintaining25. although / because26. may / might27. as28. it / that29. whatever30. to show3.青浦区Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s (21) ______ (small) countries — yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport — trains, trams and buses —in the country is now free. The government hopes the move (22) ______ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic(23) ______ (landlock)Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24) ______ (take)up 2,586 square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany (25) ______ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But (26) ______“booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means of transportat ion” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, (27) ______have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg — yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold the concern (28) ______ making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. (29) ____________ walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “We can get on and travel 500 meters (30) ______it’s free”. However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” — and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we ne ed.” 21. smallest22. will ease23. Landlocked24. Taking25. can26. its27. which28. that29. Instead of 30. because/as/since4.松江区After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital. She hesitated at first, as it was a demanding job and she wondered whether she could handle it. But on second thoughts, she agreed to take the job. (21) _______ this job turned out rewarding, she soon got tired of it. (22) _______ (seat) at her desk one day, she wanted to go down to the New School for Social Research all of a sudden. Since she always believed instinct was an advantage she (23) _______ trust, she decided to have a go.Without any plan,she titled the course ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’. Susan was nervous as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course. The two hours went on smoothly, but she then (24) _______ (challenge) with a new fear, for she didn’t know what to present the next week. But surprisingly, every week she found she had more to say. Her confidence level growing, she realized she had equipped (25) _______ so much over the years about getting over fear and her students were drinking it up. At the end of the course, they were amazed at (26) _______ shifting their thinking really changed their lives.Susan eventually decided to write a book based on the course she had taught. She faced many obstacles. And after (27) _______ (reject) by four agents and various publishers, she unwillingly put the proposal in a drawer.One day after three years of writing, she went through the drawer (28) _______ she held her much-rejected book proposal. Picking it up, she had a sharp sense that she held something in her hands many people needed to read. She set out with much determination, therefore, (29) _______ (find) a publisher who believed in her book the same way she did. This time, she succeeded. She succeeded beyond her wildest dreams.She was so happy that she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears which stood (30) _______ her way.21—25 While / Though / Although; Seated; could / should; was challenged; herself 26—30 how; being rejected; where; to find; in5.长宁区The family who eats togetherWhat’s the price of a family meal? For many families in the world’s wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, ‘too much’. For instance, in the United States, (21) ______ is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week.In fact, the frequency of shared meals(22) ______ (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (23) ______ have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps we’re better off asking ourselves (24) ______ the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (25) ______ (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested thatchildren who don’t eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study, (26) ______ (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (27) ______ (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive (28) ______ they seem, may be beside the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (29) ______ future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable—but no less real—effects too. So often, (30) ______ is at the family meal that the family as such—the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions—is made.21. which22. has decreased23. themselves24. what25. sharing 26. conducted27. less likely 28. as29. against30. it6.杨浦区Sleep DebtIf sleep were a credit card company, many of us would be in deep trouble. Medical evidence suggests that for the best possible health and function, the average adult (21) ________ get seven to nine hours of sleep daily. But more than 60% of Americans regularly fall short of that goal. Although each hour of lost sleep goes into the health debt column, we don’t get any monthly reminders (22) ________ our sleep debt is slowly building up.In fact, the greater the sleep debt, the (23) _______ (capable) we are of recognizing it: once sleep scarcity — with its fuzzy-headedness, bad temper, and exhaustion — (24) _______ (gain) the upper hand, we can hardly recall what it’s like to be fully rested. And as the sleep debt increases, the health consequences also increase, putting us at (25) _______ (grow) risk for weight gain, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and memory loss.In some cases, sleep debt results (26) _______ insomnia (失眠) or other underlying conditions that may require medical attention. But most sleep debt is due to burning the candle at both ends — constantly failing to get to bed on time and stay there (27) ______ we’ve slept enough.While there are people who try to teach us to cope with less sleep, a “sleep-less” life is seldom a good idea and practically impossible in the long run. People (28) ____ __ (lack) sleep don’t think well and make mistakes. Little mistakes can turn into serious mistakes or even disasters. Studies show no one can ‘train’ themselves to sleep less, in order to get more work (29) _______ (do). The few people who really can do with only a few hours’ sleep without affecting (30) _______ performance did not learn how to do that. They were simply born that way.21. should/must 22. that 23. less capable 24. gains 25. growing 26. from 27. until 28. lacking 29. done 30. their / the7.虹口区How Can Y ou Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) ______ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step is simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) ______ ______ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) ______ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) ______ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of the mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future – (25) ______ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smiles until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) ______ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese,” but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) ______ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) ______ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good in pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) ______ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) ______ (mention), so try a source of natural light instead, such as a window.And if you know any other tips, share them with us!21. tied 22. even if / even though 23. Having analyzed 24. has been figured 25. without 26. whether 27. that 28. happening 29. anything 30. to be mentioned8.徐汇区Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, (21) _______ (sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised (22) _______ (find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it (23) _______ (label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant.。

2020届上海高三英语二模汇编 11选102020届宝山区高三二模Section BDirections:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.While I was jumping rope, my phone took a fall to the hardwood floor which created multiple cracks on my screen. However, the music kept 31 , so all as well －or so I thought.Thirty minutes later, I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was pitch-black. The next morning, I decided not to go to the phone store for 24 hours, I felt a(n) 32 sense of calm that day, which led to my not going for one week. One week ended up becoming 60 days without my smartphone.Here are three 33 I noticed and why you may want to consider a smartphone detox (戒除期) yourself:●You'll become boredWhile in line at a Starbucks, I noticed how every individual had their head down, eyes fixed on their smartphone. With nothing to distract myself with during the waiting period, I became bored, and my mind 34 through all sorts of topics.Boredom is 35 something we avoid at all costs. However, boredom is the perfect way to make a(n) 36 on a business idea or project. When you enter a state of boredom, you allow your mind to relax and escape from the realities of today to the infinite 37 of tomorrow.●You'll be able to dramatically reduce your "work" hoursA study found that adults ages 18 to 33 38 their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes.As I learned during my experiment, placing some distance between myself and my device helped me fall into deep work more easily.By not having my smartphone, my distraction time went down and thus my hours of work were spent more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found myself 39 what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.●Your mental well-being will receive a boost (提高)Obviously, without a cellphone, I experienced a lack of 40 news and comments. While that helped cause a dramatic boost in my mental well-being, the biggest reason for it was truly connecting to people.参考答案：FHCAJ DKGBISection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Former World’s Fattest Man Finds LoveHe was once the world’s fattest man weighing in at an incredible 980 pounds and consuming 20,000 calories (卡路里) a day. But it seems that after losing 672 pounds following a surgery, it’s not just Paul Mason’s health that has a more promising (31)_______—his weight loss may have also promoted his love life.Mr. Mason has only known his new girlfriend Rebecca for a month and the pair are yet to meet, but already the 52-year old has (32)_______that Rebecca is the love of his life. The pair met online last month when Rebecca saw a television (33)_______ about Mr. Mason’s extreme fatness—the result of overeating when a previous relationship ended. She was so touched by his situation as to get in touch, keen to help Mr. Mason get the NHS (National Health Service) to pay for a second operation to (34) _______ him of layers of extra skin.Mr. Mason said: “She didn’t really think of anything (35) _______at the beginning. It wasn’t until the second conversation that I realised there was more there than just friends. She felt the same and brought up the idea of us being boyfriend and girlfriend.”Mr. Mason says that he doesn’t go for looks and finds Rebecca’s (36) _______ attitude particularly attractive. “It is her personality, her (37) _______ and passion that has made me fall for her. We share the same ideas and interests and she has made me look at life in a new way. For a long time I couldn’t really see light at the end of the tunnel, but since Rebecca’s been in my life I’ve got a whole new (38) _______of worth and excitement.”Mr. Mason (39) _______ to his incredible size by eating ten times the amount needed by a normal man due to a compulsive eating disorder. As his weight rose sharply he was left unable to stand or walk before finally becoming bed-ridden and being looked after full time by carers.Firefighters had to knock down the front wall of his (40) home so they could use a fork lift truck to lift him out and put him into an ambulance when he needed an operation in 2002.参考答案：FDAEJ IKCGHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find “Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety”It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades (小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it (31) ______ from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32) ______ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33) ______ under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34) ______ in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people’s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35) ______ of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring (36) ______ needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37) ______ up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with (38) ______, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly (39) ______ masks have also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the (40) ______ grief.”参考答案：31-40IBACG FDEKJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedNo one can be happy and cheerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental -health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthreshold depression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short-and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in “ approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase rewarding experiences in their lives. It has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe depression in other studies, and the researchers wanted to know if it would work as a __39__ measure as well.At the end of those eight weeks, the group that received mindfulness training reported a significant decrease in depression and __40__ symptoms compared to the group that did not. And no participants had developed clinical depression.参考答案：DHKAF BJCIESection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How to work from homeThere are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and (31) ______ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before (32) ______ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it (33) ______ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) (34) ______ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet (35) ______. I make sure that if the wireless internet in my home office fails, I can still connect seamlessly through my smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless attribute a remote employee needs to succeed. Do (36) ______ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure they’re installed and you know how to use them, and make your (37) ______ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set (38) ______ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid (39) ______ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being (40) ______, but it’s important to make activity a habit.参考答案：31-35: CFGAD 36-40:KIBHESection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 — interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is 38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging (唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.参考答案：31- 40: FBIEH GKCDASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beused only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly, the first postage stamp issued anywhere, 31 the image of Queen Victoria, but the first British postal service didn’t originate in Victoria England. In 1860, William Dockwra started a public service that32 the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in London. His system was quickly33 with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfect system, 34 with seemingly improper charges that made it unreasonably expensive to send a letter. Worse still, recipients were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this 35 some problems—either people weren’t home or flat—out refused to pay. The system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too long.About 50 years later, to do better, Rolland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacing them with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender. When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self-published his essay and it quickly gained36 among the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and ,during their subsequent meetings, the two men conceived of a gluey 37 that could be applied to the envelops to indicate payment. Though it had gained support with the public who longed for a affordably way to connect with distant friends and family, officials were still not convinced. Thankfully, Hill was far from alone in his passion for reform. He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to 38 his system.In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the postal facility. The winning stamp 39 describing the young queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate his first visit to London.The“Penny Black”stamp went on sale on May 1, 1840. It was an immediate 40 . Suddenly, the country seemed a lot smaller. The penny black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty year.参考答案：BFJCG KAEIH2020届浦东新区高三英语二模be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Today’s political climate and negative headlines seem to point towards a more inward-looking global population -minds narrowing, borders going up. But with more people living and working overseas and becoming exposed to influences from different cultures, many of us are seeking a(n) __31__, connected world.According to the recently published study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by the __32__ from different cultures. As a society, we not only want to discover and experience other cultures, we want to learn from them, too. This is one of the many positive side effects of globalization. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in a shift in values away from __33__, with younger generations more interested in collecting experiences than possessions.Welcome to the “new culture economy”.The collision（碰撞）of two trends - globalization and the experience economy - has __34__ a new attitude to travel, with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the “new culture economy”. The phenomenon is having a powerful impact on people’s interactions and definitions of __35__ exploration, and presents an incredible commercial opportunity.While globalization is usually talked about in the context of the __36__ of trade and capital between countries, we shouldn’t forget that the __37__ force behind it all it people. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and geographies and the cultural integration（融合）are the more influential social effects of globalization. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones in which they were born - more than half of respondents from the study have friends living overseas, all of which has __38__ in more interaction with global cultures.Also, student debt and unafford-able housing have created a(n) __39__ in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Travel is absolutely necessary to most people’s lives - in fact, nearly half of all respondents cut down on their daily expenses so they can save money to travel more. For “generation rent” in particular, no matter how expensive an experience or a trip, it is still more __40__ than a house.参考答案：31-40 FDEHB ICGJA2020届松江区高三英语二模Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.From the early 1950s until 2009, a department in the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence (MoD) documented and investigated reports of UFOs. Now, more than a decade after the program ended, many of those __31__ classified files about UFO will be made available to the public for the first time.Previously, some MoD files about UFOs had been published online at the U.K. National Archives (国家档案馆) website. The Telegraph reported. However, all of the agency's UFO reports will be __32__ this year on “a dedicated web page.” spokesperson for the British Royal Air Force (RAF) told The Telegraph.The decision came after PA Media, a British news agency, filed a request for the UFO files under a/an __33__ on information, according to The Telegraph. MoD officials decided “it would be better to publish these records, rather than continue __34__ documents to the National Archives.”the RAF spokesperson said.The U.K.'s __35__ with UFOs began around 1950. urging the MoD to form the Flying Saucer Working Party to __36__ the phenomenon. according to the UK. National Archives. UFOs in the early 1950s even captured the attention of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who sent a memo to his air minister in 1952 __37__ .“What does all this stuff about flying saucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the truth?”The flying saucer group concluded that UFOs were delusions (错觉) or 38 objects. recommending “that no further investigation of reported mysterious phenomenon in the air be __39__.”Nevertheless, other MoD divisions continued the work of official UFO investigation in the U.KAfter MoD enacted a policy change on Dec.1st, 2009, the agency no longer recorded or investigated any UFO __40__, according to the report. But what they did find-including many recent UFO reports that were previously available only as hard copies-will be published online within the nest few months. said Nick Pope. a former UFO investigator for the MoD.参考答案：31—35 FAECG 36—40 DIKJH2020届徐汇区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009.A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam 31toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its back, and the seal was 32onto its chest, between the whale’s massive flippers (鳍). “That incident 33me,” he says. “Those humpbacks were doing something we couldn’t explain.”Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar 34 . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. “There are some pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks 35 killer wha les,” he says.In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it’s happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. “Why,” they wrote, “would humpbacks 36interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially37act ivity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?”Interestingly, humpbacks don’t just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like those rescue workers, humpbacks don’t know who is in danger until they get there. That’s because the sound that 38them to an attack isn’t the sad voice of the victim. It’s the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simple instruction: “When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up.”I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly 39their own kind. He believes that their occasional rescues of humpback calves(后代) create a strong enough 40for them to rush in to help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and then.参考答案：31-40 FGCHK BDEJA2020届杨浦区高三英语二模Hunting to Farming Is Not Necessarily GoodShifting from hunting to farming made life 50 percent more difficult for humans, a study by Cambridge University suggests. Although farming (31) ________ previously wandering communities to stay put and grow, it came at a huge cost. Researcher Dr. Mark Dyble, lived with 10 Agta groups and found that those who still hunted and searched for their food spent around 20 hours working in the week to live, but those who had (32) ________ to farming needed to work 30 hours for the same amount of food.“For a long time, the shift from hunting to farming was assumed to represent progress, allowing people to (33) ________ a laborious and uncertain way of life,” said Dr. Dyble. “But as soon as researchers started working with hunter-gatherers they began (34) ________ this narrative, finding that hunters actually enjoy quite a lot of leisure time. Our data provides some of the clearest (35) ________ for this idea yet.” The researchers followed 359 people from the Agta community (36) ________ how much time they spent on leisure, childcare, domestic chores and out-of-camp work. As well as the overall difference in hours worked, the study also found that women living in the communities most involved in farming had half as much leisure time as those in communities which only hunted. Co-author, Dr. Abigail Page added: “We have to be really careful when (37) ________ from contemporary hunter-gatherers to different societies in pre-history.” But if the first farmers really did work harder than hunters then this begs an important question - why did humans adopt agriculture?Previous studies suggested the adoption of farming grew up to help cope with (38) ________ societies, although other experts claimed that it was agriculture itself that allowed sedentary(定栖的) communities to expand, and once they (39) ________ a certain size, it would have been impossible for groups to return to a hunter-gathering lifestyle, even if they had wanted to. Dr. Page says: “The amount of leisure time that Agta enjoy is evidence to the (40) ________ of the hunter-gatherer way of life. This leisure time also helps to explain how these communities manage to share so many skills and so much knowledge within lifetimes and across generations.”参考答案：31-40 J G D F A I K C E B2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section Bonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Wearing shoes can weaken ankle bonesYour shoes are changing your feet. The ankles of people who 31 wear shoes are different to those of people who tend to walk barefoot. In many industrial societies, people tend to wear shoes from a young age. However, many people around the world often go barefoot, or wear only very thin footwear.“We know that there are some 32 in the feet of modern humans, due to the use of shoes,” says Rita Sorrentino at the University of Bologna in Italy. But most 33 findings relate to the front and middle of the foot. She and her team have focused on the ankle instead. They studied 142 ankle bones from 11 34from North America, Africa and Europe. These 35 sandal-wearing(穿凉鞋的) Nguni farmers in southern Africa, people living in New York and bones from Stone Age hunter-gatherers.The hunter-gatherers’ ankle bones were significantly shorter than those of people living in modern cities, and there were other differences in the shape. “They are mostly related to footwear-related behaviours and movement behaviours,” says Sorrentino. The hunter-gatherers walked barefoot for long distances every day over natural land. Their ankles were relatively 36 . In contrast, people who live in big cities, who wear tight footwear and walk short distances on flat surfaces like concrete roads, had more unbending ankles.Changes to ankle bones take place over the course of a person’s life, and there is no evidence that these alterations can be passed on 37 .According to Sorrentino, 38 evidence for people wearing shoes only exists for the past 10,000 years. For instance, a sandal from a Missouri cave may be 8300years old. Early shoes were all fairly soft, so wouldn’t have 39 the motion of the ankle much.It is an open question whether shoes have disadvantages, but Sorrentino 40 that the firmness of modern shoes causes our bones to become weaker and more likely to suffer from breaking.参考答案：31-35 CKFED36-40 ABIGJ2020届嘉定区高三英语二模Section BHave you ever unintentionally left your phone at home and wondered how you would get through the day? Baylor College of Medicine’s Dr. Jin Han explains why this might be a sign that you need to put down your phone more often.“There has been a(n) __31__ in technology as our phones have gone from just regular cell phones to smart phones that allow you to multitask all with one device,” said Han, assistant professor at Baylor. “You use your phone now to receive emails, to text and chat and to access social media platforms -- __32__ your phone may be your connection to your social life.”Although they offer many advantages, Han cautions that using your smart devices can be harmful if you use them too much. For example, using your smart phone while driving, or even walking, can cause serious accidents. Also, staring at your screen for too long can be harmful to your __33__.Being __34__ too long to your phone also can impact the quality of your relationships, he said. If you are on your phone constantly and not __35__ with those around you, it can take away from your relationships with your family and friends. In addition, if you are using your phone too much in front your children, then they will likely follow your lead and use their own smart devices rather than __36__ with you.“ In the end, the question is how you balance using your phone while not negatively __37__ your health.” Han said. “Anything that you are doing to the __38__ is no healthy anymore. While it is going to be almost impossible not to use this technology, we have t create a behavior that is healthy.”To help __39__ the time you spend on your phone, Han offered the following tips:●Limit the time spent on your phone: Set up certain time that you allow yourself to be on thephone.●Do not use your phone at night: Being on your phone late into the night can make it harderfor you to fall asleep and wake up the next day. Restricting your phone use at night can help you __40__ a healthy sleep behavior.参考答案：31-35:IGEAJ 36-40：BKHFC2020届青浦区高三英语二模Section B。

上海市虹⼝区2020届⾼三⼆模考试英语试题Word版含解析2020届上海市虹⼝区⾼考⼆模英语试题Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all ___1___ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, ___2___ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. ___3___ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos ___4___ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future — ___5___ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile until you find one that fits. You should consider ___6___ a closed or an open-mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creat es a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound ___7___ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to preventa too-wide smile ___8___ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality, the sun can often create unpleasant shadows that are ___9___ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy ____10____ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.【答案】1. tied2. even if / even though3. Having analyzed4. has been figured5. without6. whether7. that 8. happening9. anything10. to be mentioned【解析】这是⼀篇说明⽂。

2023年杨浦区二模6 QUESTOINS FOR V ANESSA NAKATEVanessa Nakate is a climate activist from Uganda, and a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund.Q1:What does it mean (21)(be) a UNICEF goodwill ambassador?I get to meet people on the front lines of the climate crisis. I see my role as(22)(make) their voices louder. I want to shine a light on the issue of climate change and(23) it's affecting people, especially children.Q2:You've given speeches about the impact(24)climate change. Which has been your most powerful?One that has been very powerful for me was when I spoke at the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference, in Glasgow, Scotland. I (25) (present)the opportunity to ask government leaders, and also business leaders, to do the right thing to ensure that our planet is protected.Q3:What's the hardest part of being an activist?One of the hardest things is having to see the consequences of climate change. For example, the drought in the Horn of Africa, the flooding in Pakistan, or the recent hurricanes in the United States. It's very sad to see all those events (26)(happen).Q4:What keeps you motivated to fight climate change?You're interviewing me, and I think that's so (27)_ (inspire).It gives me the energy for what I'll do tomorrow. My motivation comes from young people who are doing(28)for our planet.Q5:What's the most recent climate-related project you've worked on?In 2019,I launched a project,(29) we gave solar panels to schools in Uganda. The solar panels have helped bring lighting to the schools, which makes education much easier for the children.Q6:Climate change can feel frustrating and scary for some kids. What advice do you have for them?To address this big issue, just find one thing you can do,(30)you are not sure about the outcome. After all, no person is too small to make a difference and no action is too small to transform the world.Key: 21. to be22. making23. how24. of25. was presented26. happen27. inspiring28. something29. where30. even if / even though2023年崇明区二模Tea ArtIt’s common to see people in coffee bars create coffee art, butit’s a whole different ballgame doing the same thing with tea. HanZheming has managed to perfect the skill, creating tea art in cups, ordian cha in Chinese, (21) _____ used to be a ritual during the SongDynasty.Over the past six years, the 40-year-old Shanghai resident (22)_____ (use) tea and spoons to create nearly 200 patterns based on ancient paintings. “It’s like (23) _____ (add) bells and whistles to tea, giving people a stronger sense of occasion, so drinking tea is more fun,” Han says. It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people (24) _____ (appreciate) its charm. Dian cha enhances the taste of tea, Han says. “It is similar to the foam (泡沫) on top of a cup of coffee, except (25) _____ it is made of tea rather than milk.”Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and boomed throughout the Song Dynasty, (26) _____ tea became a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other essential items, such as rice, oil and salt, as suggested by Song politician and thinker Wang Anshi.Different from the method of making tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha. The process begins with hot water being poured over fine (27) _____ (powder) tea creating a mixture. Then more hot water is added slowly (28) _____ the tea is constantly beaten by hand with a bamboo stick. It is believed that this method later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan, where similarities (29) _____ be seen in the way matcha (抹茶) is prepared today.This action of pouring hot water is called dian; hence the name dian cha (30) _____ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) of Runzhou district, Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province, in 2019.Key:21. which 22. has used 23. adding 24. appreciate 25. that26. when 27. powdered 28. as / when / while 29. can 30. was listed2023年奉贤区二模Are exclamation marks necessary?!Punctuation is so important in writing that it is one of the first things you learn in school. It is a universal code with different marks to help with the meaning of (21) _________ is being written. As is known to us, it (22) _________ indicate the end of a sentence, a question or — in the exclamation mark’s case — a strong emotion. Without an exclamation mark in the correct place, a warning road sign might read, “Children please drive slowly” (23) _________ _________ “Children! Please drive slowly”.An exclamation mark is a valid form of punctuation (24) _________ origin can be traced back to a 14th century Italian scholar. The exclamation mark informs the reader that there are strong feelings in the words. Although it is up to the reader (25) _________ (grasp) exactly what that emotion is, it’s a useful signal. Also, exclamation marks on road signs help to keep people safe. As punctuation expert Philip Cowell writes, “There’s a meaningful difference between ‘duck’ and ‘duck!’” Of course, using them too much (26) _________ (make) exclamation marks lose their purpose but that doesn’t mean they are useless.However, (27) _________ matters how punctuation is used. Some writers argue that exclamation marks are never truly necessary. Famous author Terry Pratchett writes that someone who uses multiple exclamation marks is likely to wear “underpants on his head”. Perhaps this is because they seem shouty and forced, (28) _________ (give) away a writer’s need to tell the reader how to read a sentence. It’s (29) _________ (good) to leave them out and let the reader react to the words on their own terms. A good writer can create emotions with just words and sentences, (30) _________ that’s fear, wonder or joy. Exclamation marks make the writer seem desperate and can be tiring to read. One writer described them as “the cockroach of the punctuation world”, meaning they are everywhere, and they are pests.Key:21. what 22. can 23. rather than/ instead of 24. whose25. to grasp26. makes 27. it 28. giving29. better30. whether2023年嘉定区二模Understanding Your Loved OnesEight months after my father died, I saw some letters on top of my mother’s coffee table. They were written decades ago ___21___ my father’s neat handwriting. I couldn’t imagine my serious father ever ___22___ (write) anything like love letters.“Would you like me to read them to you?” Mom asked with a hint of a smile. The letters ___23___ (address) to my mother in 1974 over the course of a month when my father traveled back to Italy to care for his sick mother, leaving his wife and me behind in Toronto, ___24___ my parents had immigrated to in 1956.I sat back and listened while my mother read his letters to me, and thought, “Who is this guy?” My father was proud and stubborn (固执的), and he married a woman who was his equal in that regard. During their 58-year marriage, their stubbornness often ___25___ (lead) to conflict. So it was bittersweet to hear my father’s youthful words ___26___ (read) aloud by my elderly mother with a sad tone. I knew she was thinking about what could have been different if she had been ___27___ (proud).As children, we often assume we know ___28___ about our parents. But, sometimes, we find out that they were and are people with various dimensions. After she finished reading the letters, I held them in my hands and examined them like they were fossils (化石). A man of few words ___29___ my father was, he had filled the front and back of several pages.These letters are only part of their correspondence. My mother also wrote back to my father. I begged her to read them to me, but she only smiled. I don’t want to enter her heart’s most sacred place uninvited unless she wishes ___30___ (listen) to. But she has assured me that one day she will share them with me.Key:21. in 22. writing 23. were addressed 24. which 25. led 26. read27. less proud28. everything 29. though/as 30. to be listened2023宝山区二模"Wow ... what a beautiful girl!" you think to yourself. Today, you logged into Facebook and saw a friend request from a lovely stranger. You think that she must be a model ( 21 ) _____ all of her photos look very professional. She doesn't have many friends, but maybe she's just new to Facebook. You may ( 22 ) ______ ( tempt ) to accept her request and say hello, but you'd better think twice because you might get catfished!Catfishing is an online cheat ( 23 ) ______ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they're not. The word was made popular by a 2010 documentary film with the same name. Just like in the movie, most catfishing cheats start with the catfish ( 24 ) ______ ( try ) to sweet talk their victim into falling in love with them. Why? There are a variety of reasons people catfish.Some catfish attempt ( 25 ) ______ ( charm ) their victim into trusting them, and then ask them for money. Others will ask for sensitive information or private pictures ( 26 ) ______ ______ they can then use them to blackmail (敲诈) their victims into sending them money. But in some situations, catfish are just lonely people, ( 27 ) ______ ( dissatisfy ) with their lives and using social media to live in an alternate reality.On social media, it's possible to remain anonymous (匿名的) even after you ( 28 ) ______ ( start ) building a relationship with someone. According to the Better Business Bureau in the U.S., around 85 percent of catfishing schemes start on Facebook and the Facebook Dating service. In 2021 as the pandemic pushed many to search for love online, romance schemes, such as catfishing, rose ( 29 ) ______ 80 percent compared to 2020. These cheats cost victims around $1.3 billion in losses and left many with psychological and emotional damage.The internet is a wonderful tool that allows users to learn new things, play games and meet interesting people. However, everyone (30) ______ be careful of the catfish who hide in the shadows. If someone seems too good to be true, they probably are!21. because 22. be tempted 23. where24. trying 25. to charm26. so that27. dissatisfied 28. have started 29. by30. should2023虹口区二模Why we should record travel momentsThroughout my travels, I have come in search of a sound, not a sight.Just as some travellers take photos of landscapes or their food, I started collecting sound recordings as an unusual and artistic way to help me remember some of the most stimulating details of my trips. I’ve found that (21) _________ (listen) back to these recordings, I’m able to recall each place and moment in a different way than I can by scrolling through images. It turns out that this may be (22) _________ our brains remember sound differently than other types of senses.According to Dr James Giordano, a professor at Georgetown University Medical Center, our brains process information and turn it into memories by receiving it (23) _________ our senses, encoding it and storing it – much like a computer. When we receive information and encode it, it is fairly short-term in nature; but when (24) _________ (store), it becomes long-term memory. The information we receive and process with our ears (25) _________ (call) echoic memory (回声记忆).“Think of the brain as a space and time machine. It allows us (26) _________ (transport) ourselves back and forward in time, across spaces,” Giordano said. “Echoic memory is exactly as the name would imply: it is, in fact, an echo of something that (27) _________ (occur).”According to a study at the University of Iowa named In one ear and out the other, a group of students participated in two experiments in (28) _________ they listened to sounds, looked at images and held objects. In the first experiment, students were asked to recall (29) _________ various stimuli (刺激物) were the same or different after a set period of time. In the second, they were asked to recall the sounds, images and objects after an hour, a day and then a week. In (30) _________ of the instances, students’ recollection of sound was far worse than their visual memories, and the longer the time passed by, the greater the gap became.21. listening22. because 23. through 24. stored25. is called26. to transport 27. occurred/has occurred 28. which 29. whether30. both/either2023黄浦区二模The cost of complexity in supply chainsAdam Smith, the father of modern capitalism, famously thought that fair markets required a common moral framework between buyer and seller. That’s no surprise, considering that his ideas came out of the 18th-century marketplace, in __21__ producers and consumers were likely to be neighbours. Advances in technology, transport and communications have taken us a long way since then, __22__ (create) complex global supply chains. These __23__ (reduce) consumer prices but introduced risks of their own, from labour exploitation and environmental degradation.One of the costs of these supply chains has been the rise of powerful corporate middlemen between home buyers and sellers. These middlemen, including Big Tech platforms like Amazon, make it possible for us to buy goods made __24__ the other side of the world, but this connective power is threatening accountability by creating so much separation between buyers and sellers __25__ it’s impossible to match up with the real cost of convenience and low prices.There are plenty of examples __26__ (support) the case, from textiles made with child labour, to the unequal rents taken by middlemen in financial services or platform technology. In the latter, lack of information equality makes it difficult for market participants to have a(n) __27__ (share)understanding of what is being bought and sold.The two big questions are how to create system change and __28__ will bear the cost of it. There are no simple answers to __29__ of the questions, though technology offers new possibilities to connect buyers and sellers. Direct-to-consumer retailers and 3D printing, which __30__ (allow) for shorter supply chains, are both examples of this, though neither currently provides anywhere near the scale to replace current systems of finance or manufacturing.21. which22. creating23. have reduced24. on25. that26. to support27. shared28. who29. either30. allow 2023金山区二模OpenAI Announces ChatGPT Successor GPT-4OpenAI has released GPT-4, the latest version of its hugely popular artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT.The new model can respond to images by providing recipe suggestions from photos of ingredients as well as writing captions and descriptions. It can also process up to 25,000 words, about eight times as many as ChatGPT. Millions of people have used ChatGPT since it (21) __________ (launch) in November 2022. Popular requests for it include writing songs, poems, marketing copy, computer code, and helping with homework, (22) __________ teachers say students shouldn’t use it. ChatGPT answers questions (23) __________ (employ) natural human-like language, and it can also imitate other writing styles such as songwriters and authors, using the Internet as its knowledge database.There are concerns that it could one day take over many jobs currently (24) __________ (do) by humans. OpenAI said it (25) __________ (spend) six months on safety features for GPT-4, and on human feedback. However, it warned that it (26) __________ still be subject to sharing disinformation.GPT-4 will initially be available to ChatGPT Plus subscribers, (27) __________ pay $20 per month for easy access to the service. It’s already powering Microsoft’s Bing search engine platform. The tech giant has invested $10b (28) __________ OpenAI.GPT-4 has “(29) __________ (advanced) reasoning skills” than ChatGPT, OpenAI said. The model can, for example, find available meeting times for three schedules.OpenAI also announced new partnerships with language learning app Duolingo and Be MyEyes, an application for the visually impaired, (30) __________ (create) AI Chatbots which can assist their users using natural language.However, like its predecessors (被替代的事物), OpenAI has warned that GPT-4 is still not fully reliable and it may invent facts or make reasoning errors.21. was launched 22. although23. employing24. (being) done 25. had spent26 may/might27. who28. in/ on29. more advanced30. to create2023静安区二模Ever got to grips with a problem? Picked up a new skill? Grasped a difficult concept? The language of learning is full of references to parts of the body outside the brain. Perhaps that’s because these phrases hint at (21)______ deeper. Since the beginning of this century, researchers have been working on the mechanism of learning. They are discovering that learning is easier, quicker with the body movements (22)______(involve). According to many, the effect could be huge (23) ______ it’s gesturing with the arms or moving around a room. Can these insights enhance teaching and learning? And should it inform the way technology (24) ______(employ) in the classroom?In some ways, the idea that the body can aid learning should come (25)______ no surprise. Consider that many of us probably began to understand basic arithmetic by counting on our fingers(26)______ we learned to count in our head.A theory called embodied cognition suggests that what goes on in our minds comes from our actions and interactions with the world around us. It means that (27)______(encourage) children to think and learn in a purely abstract way might actually make lessons harder for them to understand and remember.Science backs up the idea that actions really might speak louder than words in the classroom. Even at the subconscious level, we appreciate the communicative value of our body language. There is evidence that teachers, (28)______ in various cases use arms and hand movements in lessons, achieve better teaching results.In light of this, it’s tempting to conclude that teachers, and their students, had better jump up and down, or wave their arms about like windmills during lessons. Professor Manches, however, advises caution. The concern is that science has not quite worked out (29)______ the relationship between body and mind works. “We (30)______ not jump into the intervention stage too early,” says Manches.21. something 22.involved 23. whether 24. is employed 25. as 26. before 27. encouraging 28. who 29. how 30. should2023闵行区二模Humans have been living and working on the space station for over 20 years. Their meals are packaged, though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats (21) _______ resupply missions. The longer that packaged food is stored, the more (22) _______ may lose nutrients.Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance (23) _______ (taste) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers (24) _______ (raise) in space.Plant Habitat-04 was one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory (25) _______ peppers took much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants there. After growing for four months, the peppers (26) _______ (harvest) on Friday. When the vegetables were ready to eat, the astronauts also completed a sensory assessment. They rated the flavor, color, appearance, and taste of the produce to see (27) _______ the labor over their greens proved fruitful as a supplement to prepackaged space food.Fresh greens, like peppers, provide a great source of key nutrients, which are essential to human bodies. Fresh greens also have psychological benefits. They can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions (28) _______ all the conditions are distinctively different from the earth. Fresh greens make a long-duration mission (29) _______ (bearable) by providing a taste of home.Looking to the future, the plant experiments have the potential to significantly impact the sustainability of space exploration. They (30) _______, one day, provide a food source for long-term habitation of Mars and other planets.21. from/ through22. it 23. to taste24. Raised25. because 26. were harvested 27. whether / if 28. where 29. more bearable 30. can/may/ could / might2023浦东新区区二模Emily Dobek is a seventh-grader at East Prairie Elementary School. Recently she(21)_ (win)a national prize by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back (22) Grade Three when she andher father watched a blood moon-a total lunar eclipse（月食）-on the roof of their house. She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion (23)_ has yet to run out of fuel.So(24)her teacher, Andrew Smeeton, received information about the national challenge, she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her research,” Smeeton said. “When she started，bone density（骨密度）of astronauts（25）（research）immediately to figure out how to survive on Mars．”According to Dobek's design, the Mars Storage Station (MSS) will be built (26)_ (accommodate) the need for sufficient supplies. She explains how her spacecraft-the Adventure-will be joined to a space station before flying to the MSS to load supplies. Her design includes the Self Growing Farm, and she details (27) it would work with elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek;s design. A simulator（模拟器）allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch(28)_ (download) shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.Chief among her immediate goals, she said, is to inspire(29)with this project. “I want to tell other kids to follow their passions,”Dobck said,“(30)_ they want to do, they should kind of just push for it. They should always try their best.”21.has won22.to 23.that/which24.when25.was researched26.to accommodate 27.how28.downloaded29.others30.whatever2023青浦区二模A New Orchid was Found in JapanNature is full of secrets. There are still many things to find out about it. One of those things was discovered last week in Japan. It is rare to find a new plant in Japan. An amateur naturalist came across a new species of orchid __21__ other flowers in Tokyo. Scientists also found the flower elsewhere in other districts, an indication that the new species __22__ deserve further investigation.The newly-found orchid is beautiful. It is pink and white, it has a central stem, around __23__ grow tiny, bell-shaped flowers, and its delicate petals (花瓣) look like they are made from glass. The flower is a neighbor to a(n) __24__ (relate) orchid species common in Japan.Sometimes unknown species are often living right under our noses — in parks, gardens and even in planters on balconies. That’s __25__ researchers in Japan recently recognized this new species of orchid. Professor Kenji Suetsugu from Kobe University said the discovery of new species in usual places means it is necessary to keep exploring, even in everyday places that __26__ (not look) so remarkable.There are about 28,000 orchid species worldwide. The new orchid belongs to a class called Spiranthes. There are about 50 different kinds of Spiranthes. They are __27__ (familiar) kind of orchid in Japan, for they appeared in a Japanese poem dating to 759 AD. Professor Suetsugu said he and his colleagues were “delighted __28__ (identify) a new species”. He said it was exciting because it wasn’t found hidden deep in a rainforest or jungle. The discovery of the new orchid is good news. However, many orchids are on the endangered species list due to habitat loss. We need to protect natural environments to stop flowers __29__ (disappear). The world will be far less colourful __30__ we lose more orchids.21. among22. may / might23. which24. related25. where26. don’t look27. the most familiar28. to have identified29. disappearing30. if2023松江区二模A Short Stretch Before BedMany people may struggle to sleep. I have found one small change that all of us could makeand truly works: a short stretch before bed.Studies have shown that low-level physical activities (21) ______ use gentle stretching, like yoga or tai chi, help with sleep quality. And (22) ______ it is good to stretch anytime of day, a gentle and quiet routine before bed works best to help send a signal to the brain that it is now time for sleep.Most importantly, stretching doesn’t require money. There (23) ______ (be) plenty of exercise apps for you to buy or subscribe to, and they all have guiding routines. I have found that the subscription-based app Sweat and Centr has good, short routines and clear instructions (24) ______ (improve) your form. There are countless personal trainers and yoga instructors on the Internet who have been giving free classes to people (25) ______ (stick) at home. Yoga from Adriene is the best known, (26) ______ a huge library of videos available. If you’d rather perfect your technique in person, you (27) ______ also find free yoga and tai chi lessons in your local community and take those lessons home.And of course, (28) ______ works for you will depend on your current physical state. I’ve seen women in (29) ______ 80s who could do a cartwheel (侧手翻) over my poor, suffering body. So clearly I am no expert, but I (30) ______ (stretch) right before bed since last year and have found that I always sleep better on the nights that I do it.21.that / which 22. while / though / although 23.are / have been24.to improve / improving 25. stuck 26. with 27. can / could / may / might 28.what 29. their 30. have stretched / have been stretching2023长宁区二模Swimmers enjoy cold swimsMany people enjoy swimming in icy cold water. An open-air swimming pool, (21)______ (know) as a lido, in Bedfordshire, England, proved very popular this winter. The Woburn Lido is usually open from May to September, but this year it stayed open to swimmers throughout the autumn and winter months too.(22)______ the lockdown for England was announced on 4 January, outdoor pools were allowed to remain open. “Demand has taken us by surprise,” said Murray Heining, a volunteer at the Woburn Lido. Over Christmas and New Year, the lido had to offer extra openings to keep up with the demand from swimmers.Cold-water swimming (23)______ (grow) in popularity in the UK over the past few years. A survey found that 7.5 million people in England had swum in outdoor pools, as well as lakes, rivers and the sea, in 2018. In some areas, such as the river Wharfe in Yorkshire, this new trend has made environmental groups think more about (24)______ the water is cleared of pollution and clean enough for bathers.Some people make it a regular practice; (25)______ just enjoy a refreshing dip on Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Year’s Day. Every year around the UK, people (26)______ (photograph) plunging into icy water, often in fancy dress, and the recent festive period was no exception,(27)______ freezing temperatures.The Outdoor Swimming Society classifies temperatures below 6°C as “Baltic” and from 6-11°C as “freezing”. They advise people to get in the water gradually, so as (28)______ (not shock) the body. Likewise, they recommend warming up gradually, and not (29)______ (rush) the process by leaping into a hot bath when you get out. Instead, they suggest layering up and drinking something warm.It wasn’t just the water that was cold—many people experienced a white Christmas; snow fell in several counties including Yorkshire and Suffolk. Paul Davies, the UK Met Office’s chief meteorologist, a scientist (30)______ job is to study the weather, said the forecast indicates “the likelihood of the cold conditions experienced recently continuing through January”.21. known22. Until/Till/Before 23. has been growing/grown 24. whether25. others/some26. are photographed 27. despite 28. not to shock29. rushing30. whose2023普陀区二模Intentional Travel for the CuriousFor those seeking a different adventure around every corner, the state of Florida doesn't disappoint. Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches (21) ______ they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic (水生的) life. Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders (22) ______ naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country's most beautiful trails. No matter your passion, look no farther than the Sunshine State (23) ______ (satisfy) your scientific and cultural curiosities.Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks? (24) ______ (locate) on Florida's East Coast, Daytona Beach is full of things to do, places to see, and experiences of a lifetime. It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world (25) ______ promises to make visitors return again and again.When it comes to Florida, people often think of the beaches—and Daytona Beach has some of the best. Daytona Beach (26) ______ (bless) with 23 miles of beautiful white-sand beaches. This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you (27) ______ actually take a drive on the beach—an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain. Take in the sights and (28) ______ (breathe) in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach. Or park your car and。

2020届上海市⾼三英语16区⼆模汇编--完型填空2020届⾼三英语⼆模汇编——完型填空1、2020黄浦⼆模Directions:For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商)closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail ___41___.” It is easy to owe it to the rise of e-commerce, which has boomed while physical stores struggle. But this can be ___42___. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major ___43___ forces have had an even bigger impact on physical retail than the internet has.To begin with, we have changed ___44___ we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, rising income ___45___ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that ___46___ them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the ___47___ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports___48___ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income ___49___ almost a third of their income after tax, while people in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. ___50___, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, we have spent ___51___ less of income on things and more on services with every passing decade. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t ___52___ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why people have ___53___ to services and away from goods, but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling ___54___ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of ___55___. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn some day.41. A. business B. disaster C. investment D. strategy42. A. advanced B. confirmed C. overstated D. undervalued43. A. economic B. legal C. physical D. political44. A. how B. what C. where D. why45. A. distribution B. inequality C. level D. tax46. A. aim at B. approve of C. compete with D. stem from47. A. concentration B. influence C. security D. source48. A. education B. employment C. housing D. spending49. A. concealed B. donated C. earned D. saved50. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. cautiously B. intelligently C. proportionately D. prospectively52. A. available B. insufficient C. popular D. uncommon53. A. applied B. committed C. shifted D. tied54. A. ideas B. patents C. services D. things55. A. consumption B. habit C. income D. technology【答案】41-45: BCACB46-50: AADDD51-55: CACDD【难度】中等偏难2、2020普陀⼆模Growing Adoption of Green CleaningWhen we clean the bathroom, we’ve got all kinds of stuff to help us out: a cleaning solution that removes dirty marks from the shower walls and something in a squeeze bottle that makes the toilet sparkling clean. When all is done, the room is neat and clean, ___41___ dirt and bacteria. There’s just one problem — the ___42___ we used to clean can be harmful to people and the environment. For this reason, many people say that traditional cleaners should be ___43___ and replaced with less harmful “green” products.The problem ___44___ the fact that some cleaning products contain harsh chemicals that just aren’t healthy for humans, animals, or the planet. Think of the ___45___ coming from a factory and getting into the air. The smoke creates air pollution, which harms the environment and makes us feel ill when we breathe it in. ___46___, the chemicals in cleaning products pollute the air and can hurt us when we breathe them in or when they get on our skin. However, not all cleaning products are harmful. Green products, which do not contain harsh chemicals, are said to be good ___47___ because they are effective at cleaning and are safe for people and for the planet.___48___ about chemicals has led many states to require schools and government buildings to use environmentally friendly cleaning products instead of products containing poisonous chemicals. Last year, 10 states required the use of green products and at least 5 other states were considering ___49___ in support of these products.A proposed bill would apply to bathroom and floor cleaners, hand soap, toilet paper, paper towels, and etc.Many green cleaning products are widely available at prices ___50___ traditional products. In some cases, manufacturers receive green certifications for products they have long had on the market, and the prices of these products remain low. But not everyone shares the view about the ___51___ of green products. Toilet paper, trash bags and paper towel made from recycled materials can cost up to 20% more than traditional products, said Stephen, director of the Green Cleaning Network. So, ___52___ of the proposed legislation are concerned about the potentially higher costs for some green products. These critics say that states should not determine which products ___53___ institutes and agencies must buy, especially if they increase costs, since many universities are already struggling financially. Some states have made compromises (妥协) to help ___54___ concerns about costs. In Wisconsin, a recent adjustment to the bill would give schools and agencies three years instead of one to begin using green products. It would also ___55___ them to quit if they could show that their costs would increase.41. A. far from B. free of C. none but D. filled with42. A. brushes B. cloth C. solutions D. paper43. A. recycled B. renewed C. reserved D. rejected44. A. accounts for B. results in C. stems from D. turns out45. A. smoke B. drains C. products D. spray46. A. Nevertheless B. Similarly C. Obviously D. Meanwhile47. A. alternatives B. maintenance C. production D. resolutions48. A. Complaint B. Concern C. Investigation D. Knowledge49. A. campaign B. debate C. legislation D. vote50. A. higher than B. cheaper than C. similar to D. based on51. A. affordability B. availability C. feasibility D. practicality52. A. supporters B. directors C. lawyers D. opponents53. A. academic B. industrial C. medical D. financial54. A. evaluate B. emphasize C. voice D. address55. A. advise B. encourage C. allow D. sponsor【难度】中等3、2020徐汇⼆模The true purpose of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and keep customers. “Customer value” has several definitions. I use the 41to mean the total lifetime value of a company’s customer base. Companies can increase this value by 42more customers, earning more business from existing ones, keeping them longer, making their experience simpler through digital improvements and so on. 43leaders have long understood the importance of concentrating on customer value rather than pursuing short-term profits or quarterly earnings, and they’ve become enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process. It’s worth noting that a number of loyalty-leading companies are able to 44shareholder pressure, or avoid it altogether, because they are founder-led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.Companies can 45customer value in a variety of ways: To increase 46, enterprise software companies sometimes charge corporate customers change fees that can raise the total cost of ownership to as much as three times the original price. To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains sometimes 47frozen and precooked ingredients in place of fresh and made-to-order food. The resulting profits may look good on the income statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-term earnings growth. But they also 48potential customers and encourage disloyalty.Given the importance of customer value, leaders should track it as much as they track other key assets (资产), such as buildings, machinery, and marketable securities. They also should reveal it in their quarterly and annual earnings releases so that investors can make 49judgments about company performance and how it compares with that of industry peers. But most companies 50 believe that measuring customer value is too difficult or costly. They continue to rely on a centuries-old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical and financial assets, and neither income statements nor balance sheets offer much 51into the value of a company’s customers.As investors wake up to the importance of customer value, however, many growth-stage companies now direct investors’attention to 52in growing the value of their customer base. Some public companies increasingly report various types of customer value metrics (指标). One of the UK’s top energy suppliers E.ON, 53, reports year-over-year customer counts in its financial report. “As a customer-focused company,” E.ON noted, “we see customer value as crucial to our success.”This is a start, but because there are no customer-value reporting standards or requirements, investors still have a(n)54picture. The minority of companies that do provide customer value information decide for themselves what to disclose. 55, firms may calculate customer metrics differently or change them to tell a desired story, or simply stop reporting them if they fail to go with the company’s preferred narrative.41. A. item B. version C. term D. definition42. A. persuading B. consulting C. acquiring D. inspecting43. A. Considerate B. Visionary C. Determined D. Powerful44. A. resist B. relieve C. intensify D. maintain45. A. raise B. adopt C. calculate D. destroy46. A. income B. experience C. productivity D. demand47. A. separate B. substitute C. forbid D. combine48. A. appeal to B. rely on C. put down D. scare off49. A. informed B. subjective C. definitive D. independent50. A. fully B. hardly C. readily D. wrongly51. A. suspicion B. extension C. literacy D. visibility52. A. sacrifice B. success C. prejudice D. expense53. A. as a result B. for example C. on the contrary D. in general54. A. incomplete B. depressing C. convincing D. vivid55. A. Instead B. Further C. Otherwise D. Therefore【难度】中等偏难4、2020杨浦⼆模Developments in artificial intelligence, robotics and sensors（传感器）are making houses and apartments smarter than ever. IT'S 6 A.M., and the alarm clock is ringing earlier than usual. It’s not a malfunction: the smart clock scanned your schedule and (41) _________ because you’ve got that big presentation first thing in the morning. Your shower automatically turns on and warms to your preferred temperature. The electric car is (42) ________to go, charged by the solar panels. When you get home later, there’s a(n) (43) _________ package waiting, delivered by drone. You open it to find cold medicine. It turns out that health sensors in your bathroom detected (44) ________ of an approaching illness and placed an order automatically. That at least is the ideal version of the smart home that exists 10 years out. Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 million American homes will (45) ________ as “smart” by 2022, with everything from Internet-connected light bulbs to cameras that let us spy on our pets from the office. But a decade from now, experts say, we’ll move from turning the lights on and off with our voices to total engagement in the Internet of Things (IoT). (46) ________ advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest homes will be able to truly learn about their owners, eventually foretelling their (47) ________. Developments in robotics will give us machines that offer a helping hand with cleaning, cooking and more. New sensors will be (48)________ watching our well-being. (49) ________ to all of this will be the data that smart homes collect, analyze and act upon, helping to turn the houses of the future from a mere collection of devices and accessories into truly “smart” homes. Of course, as our homes learn more about us, keeping them (50) ________ will become all the more important. Every (51)______ that’s connected to the Internet is a potential target for hackers. Therefore, cybersecurity will become all the more vital.A range of technological developments will drive smart-home technology well beyond what’s available on store shelves today. Innovations in artificial intelligence, (52) _______, stand to reverse almost everything in our lives, including our homes. You might already be using some kind of Al-powered voice-assistant device to get the latest news or weather forecast every morning. But in the smart home of the future, those Al platforms could serve as the brain for entire homes, learning about (53) ________ and organizing and automating all of their various smart devices. IT company Crestron, for example, is working on software that (54)________ a person’s habits, like which music they want to hear in the morning or which lights they want to be on at a certain time of the day. Then, once it knows a user’s (55) ________, it automatically plays just the right playlists or dims the lights before bedtime.41. A. attempted B. adjusted C. approved D. assisted42. A. free B. likely C. ready D. eager43. A. unexpected B. disconnected C. unsealed D. misplaced44. A. symbols B. signals C. codes D. signs45. A. serve B. qualify C. behave D. model46. A. In spite of B. Instead of C. In addition to D. Thanks to47. A. needs B. dangers C. instincts D. responses48. A. deeply B. barely C. closely D. manually49. A. Accessible B. Central C. Relative D. Objective50. A. personal B. special C. specific D. secure51. A. camera B. bulb C. device D. model52. A. by contrast B. for example C. in turn D. at least53. A. residents B. operators C. relatives D. consumers54. A. transforms B. tracks C. treats D. trains55. A. conditions B. features C. preferences D. characters【答案】41-55 B C A D B D A C B D C B A B CHigh school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will 41 in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief 42 and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,”said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and 43 playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, 44 their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team 45 data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data 46 , made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students 47 music.The researchers found the 48 relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music 49 very broadly to the students’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very 50 ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop 51 skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in 52 the learner’s cognitive capacities(认知能⼒), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the 53 of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy 54 other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that 55 education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sample C. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. life B. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. health B. music C. science D. school【答案】41-55 BDDCA BACAD CBADBWhy do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of ___41___. Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they ___42___ enough rocks, they will find it.”Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧⼀代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, ___43___, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure.What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be ___44___ even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail(零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically ___45___ “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of ___46___ always rank their jobs as more meaningful.That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. ___47___, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing—___48___ and personally.How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main ___49___. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread ___50___ and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the ___51___ task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world.Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work ___52___ those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was___53___. But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and ___54___ as the workers who didn’t mind the task.Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we ___55___ our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant.41.A. progress B. trouble C. sense D. difference42.A. carve out B. turn over C. pile up D. keep off43.A. frustrated B. shocked C. inspired D. excited44.A. meaningful B. demanding C. repetitive D. challenging45.A. distinguished from B. exposed to C.associated with D. defined as46.A. understanding B. existing C. producing D. giving47.A.In conclusion B.After all C. By comparison D. In addition48.A. as a whole B. in this way C. in public D. on average49.A. advantage B. business C. objective D. construction50.A. optimism B. information C. designs D. strategies51.A. unpleasant B. dangerous C. productive D. urgent52.A. gathers B. benefits C. worries D. entertains53.A. embarrassing B. rewarding C. rough D. temporary54.A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D. energized55.A. assign B. abandon C. neglect D. reframe【答案】41-45 CBAAC46-50 DBACA51-55 ABBDDAn artificial intelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring us a step closer to ___41___ speech to people who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learning algorithms (算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. The women, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had a device attached to their brains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was asked to read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. The largest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words. The team fed this brain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspects of speech. These patterns were then fed to a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ___46___ a sentence.Each woman repeated the sentences at least twice, and the final repetition was not used for part of the training data,___47___ the researchers to test the system. Each time a person speaks the same sentence, the brain activity connected will be similar but not exactly the same. “Memorizing the brain activity of these sentences wouldn’t help, ___48___ the network instead has to learn what’s similar about them so that it can generalize to this final example,” says Makin. Across the four women, the AI’s best performance was an average translation error rate of 3 per cent.Makin says that using a small number of sentences made it ___49___ for the AI to learn which words tend to follow others. For example, the AI was able to ___50___ that “Bear” was always likely to follow the word “Teddy” in a certain set of sentences, from brain activity alone.The team tried transforming the brain signal data into ___51___ words at a time, rather than whole sentences, but this___52___ the error rate to 38 per cent even for the best performance. “So the network clearly is learning facts about which words go together, and not just which brain activity is ___53___ with which words,” says Makin.This will make it hard to scale up the system to a/an ___54___ vocabulary because each new word increases the number of possible sentences, reducing ___55___. Sophie Scott at University College London says we are still a long way from being able to translate brain signal data comprehensively.41. A. assigning B. conveying C. restoring D. introducing42. A. systems B. signals C. signatures D. symbols43. A. illuminated B. discovered C. measured D. stopped44. A. consisted of B. adjusted to C. agreed with D. focused on45. A. simplify B. identify C. intensify D. justify46. A. understand B. form C. describe D. judge47. A. allowing B. inspiring C. instructing D. advising48. A. because B. so C. if D. but49. A. quicker B. slower C. easier D. tougher50. A. split B. reflect C. decode D. tear51. A. individual B. common C. modified D. technical52. A. increased B. decreased C. leveled D. degraded53. A. furnished B. mixed C. associated D. armed54. A. passive B. active C. limited D. expanded55. A. tendency B. currency C. accuracy D. fluency【答案】41-45 CBCAB 46-50 BABCC 51-55 AACDC【难度】中等偏难8、2020宝⼭⼆模As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run 41 . Maybe you dreamed of flying into space or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more 42 . Or you might have given up on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you've been 43 fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It's important to dream because dreams can give us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreams inspire and motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there's no 45 to accomplish them right away. They might take a few years or they might take a lifetime to 46 . The important thing is that you're 47 working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream and a goal? It's been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps you take to reach them should be very 50 . Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you'll get there. That makes goal setting a necessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the 52 of working for your dreams. "A dream doesn't become reality through magic: it takes sweat, 53 and hard work. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have no 54 limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your way to making your dreams come true.41.A. fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A. colorful B. amazing C. realistic D. attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D. paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D. access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote【答案】41-55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC【难度】中等9、2020奉贤⼆模Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life。