Key to exercise unit 7

Key to Exercise Unit 1 Chemical Industries1.the Industrial Revolutionanic chemicals3.the contact process4.the Haber process5.synthetic polymers6.intermediates7.artificial fertilizers 8.pesticides (crop protection chemicals)9.synthetic fibers10.pharmaceutical11.research and development12.petrochemicalputers(automatic control equipment)14.capital intensiveSome Chemicals Used In Our Daily LifeUnit 2 Research and Development1.R&D2.ideas and knowledge3.process and products4.fundamental5.applied6.product development7.existing product8.pilot plant9.profitbility10.environmental impact11.energy cost 12.technical support13.process improvement14.effluent treatment15.pharmaceutical16.sufficiently pure17.Reaction18.unreacted material19.by-products20.the product specification21.Product storageUnit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers1.Mechanical2.electrical3.civil4.scale-upmercial-size6.reactors7.distillation columns8.pumps9.control and instrumentation10.mathematics11.industry12.academia13.steam 14.cooling water15.an economical16.to improve17.P&I Drawings18.Equipment Specification Sheets19.Construction20.capacity and performance21.bottlenecks22.Technical Sales23.new or improved24.engineering methods25.configurationsUnit 4 Sources of Chemicals1.inorganic chemicals2.derive from (originate from)3.petrochemical processes4.Metallic ores5.extraction process6.non-renewable resource7.renewable sources8.energy source9.fermentation process10.selective 11.raw material12.separation and purification13.food industry14.to be wetted15.Key to success16.Crushing and grinding17.Sieving18.Stirring and bubbling19.Surface active agents20.OverflowingUnit 5 Basic Chemicals 1. Ethylene 2. acetic acid 3.4. Polyvinyl acetate5. Emulsion paintUnit 6 Chlor-Alkali and Related Processes 1. Ammonia 2. ammonia absorber 3. NaCl & NH 4OH 4.5. NH 4Cl6. Rotary drier7. Light Na 2CO 3Unit 7 Ammonia, Nitric Acid and Urea 1. kinetically inert 2. some iron compounds 3. exothermic 4. conversion 5. a reasonable speed 6. lower pressures 7. higher temperatures 8.9. energy 10. steam reforming 11. carbon monoxide 12. secondary reformer 13. the shift reaction 14. methane 15. 3:1Unit 8 Petroleum Processing 1. organic chemicals 2. H:C ratios3. high temperature carbonization4. crude tar5. pyrolysis6. poor selectivity7. consumption of hydrogen8. the pilot stage9. surface and underground 10.fluidized bed 11. Biotechnology 12. sulfur speciesUnit 9 PolymersUnit 10 What Is Chemical EngineeringMicroscale (≤10-3m)●Atomic and molecular studies of catalysts●Chemical processing in the manufacture of integrated circuits●Studies of the dynamics of suspensions and microstructured fluidsMesoscale (10-3－102m)●Improving the rate and capacity of separations equipment●Design of injection molding equipment to produce car bumpers madefrom polymers●Designing feedback control systems for bioreactorsMacroscale (>10m)●Operability analysis and control system synthesis for an entire chemicalplant●Mathematical modeling of transport and chemical reactions ofcombustion-generated air pollutants●Manipulating a petroleum reservoir during enhanced oil recoverythrough remote sensing of process data, development and use of dynamicmodels of underground interactions, and selective injection of chemicalsto improve efficiency of recoveryUnit 12 What Do We Mean by Transport Phenomena?1.density2.viscosity3.tube diameter4.Reynolds5.eddiesminar flow7.turbulent flow 8.velocity fluctuations9.solid surface10.ideal fluids11.viscosity12.Prandtl13.fluid dynamicsUnit 13 Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering 1. physical 2. unit operations 3. identical 4. A. D. Little 5. fluid flow6. membrane separation7. crystallization8. filtration9. material balance 10. equilibrium stage model 11. Hydrocyclones 12. Filtration 13. Gravity 14. VaccumUnit 14 Distillation Operations 1. relative volatilities 2. contacting trays 3. reboiler4. an overhead condenser5. reflux6. plates7. packing8.9. rectifying section 10. energy-input requirement 11. overall thermodynamic efficiency 12. tray efficiencies 13. Batch operation 14. composition 15. a rectifying batch 1 < 2 < 3Unit 15 Solvent Extraction, Leaching and Adsorption 1. a liquid solvent 2. solubilities 3. leaching 4. distillation 5. extract 6. raffinate 7. countercurrent 8. a fluid 9. adsorbed phase 10. 400,000 11. original condition 12. total pressure 13. equivalent numbers 14. H + or OH –15. regenerant 16. process flow rates17. deterioration of performance 18. closely similar 19. stationary phase 20. mobile phase21. distribution coefficients 22. selective membranes 23. synthetic24. ambient temperature 25. ultrafiltration26. reverse osmosis (RO).Unit 16 Evaporation, Crystallization and Drying 1. concentrate solutions 2. solids 3. circulation 4. viscosity 5. heat sensitivity 6. heat transfer surfaces 7. the long tube8. multiple-effect evaporators 9.10. condensers 11. supersaturation 12. circulation pump 13. heat exchanger 14. swirl breaker 15. circulating pipe 16. Product17. non-condensable gasUnit 17 Chemical Reaction Engineering1.design2.optimization3.control4.unit operations (UO)5.many disciplines6.kinetics7.thermodynamics,8.fluid mechanics9.microscopic10.chemical reactions 11.more valuable products12.harmless products13.serves the needs14.the chemical reactors15.flowchart16.necessarily17.tail18.each reaction19.temperature and concentrations20.linearUnit 18 Chemical Engineering Modeling1.optimization2.mathematical equations3.time4.experiments5.greater understanding6.empirical approach7.experimental design8.differing process condition9.control systems 10.feeding strategies11.training and education12.definition of problem13.mathematical model14.numerical methods15.tabulated or graphical16.experimental datarmation1.the preliminary economics2.technological changes3.pilot-plant data4.process alternatives5.trade-offs6.Off-design7.Feedstocks 8.optimize9.plant operations10.energy11.bottlenecking12.yield and throughput13.Revamping14.new catalystUnit 19 Introduction to Process Design1. a flowsheet2.control scheme3.process manuals4.profit5.sustainable industrial activities6.waste7.health8.safety9. a reactor10.tradeoffs11.optimizations12.hierarchyUnit 20 Materials Science and Chemical Engineering1.the producing species2.nutrient medium3.fermentation step4.biomass5.biomass separation6.drying agent7.product8.water9.biological purificationUnit 21 Chemical Industry and Environment1.Atmospheric chemistry2.stratospheric ozone depletion3.acid rain4.environmentally friendly products5.biodegradable6.harmful by-product7.efficiently8.power plant emissions 9.different plastics10.recycled or disposed11.acidic waste solutionsanic components13.membrane technology14.biotechnology15.microorganisms。

初中英语牛津译林版新教材七上Unit 4语言点和语法点整理▲Welcome to the unit1.the key to sth./the key to doing sth. ......的钥匙/做某事的关键Learning is the key to unlocking the world.学习是打开世界的钥匙。

/学习是解锁世界的关键。

2.get up 起床3.do morning exercises做早操 exercise(n.)可数：成套的运动 do eye exercises 做眼保健操do exercise 做锻炼 exercise(n.)不可数：锻炼do some/much/more exerciseDoing morning exercises is good for us.(动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数)4.have lessons 上课5.do after-school activities 进行课外活动after-school(adj.) 课外的，课后的after school(介词短语)放学后Students do all kinds of after-school activities.Students do all kinds of activities after school.6.help with housework 帮忙做家务7.do homework做作业do one’s/sb’s homework做作业One’s/sb’s:my/your/his/her/our/your/their肯定句：She often does her homework in time.疑问句：Does she do her homework in time?否定句：She doesn’t do her homework in time.8.go to bed 去睡觉9.on weekdays 在工作日10.---What time do you get up in the morning on weekdays?---I usually get up at 6:45 a.m.. (What time提问具体的时刻) when可以提问具体的时刻，也可以提问笼统的时间。

Keys to ExerciseVocabulary BuildingA.Give the other parts of speech of each given word.B.Fill in the blanks with words that are often confused.1. aspire, inspirea. His noble example inspires/is inspiring the rest of us to greater efforts.b. The hard-working student aspires to become an author.c. The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetry.aspire v. ～after/to sth: desire strongly to achieve sth; have ambition for sthaspiration n. U Ceg. She was filled with the aspiration to succeed in life.inspire v. 1) ～sb to sth: fill sb with the ability or urge to do, feel, etc sth beyond his usual ability.eg. His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts.2) ～sb (with sth)/～sth in sb: fill sb with thoughts, feelings oraims.eg. Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us withmuch confidence.2. badge, tokena. A white flag is used as a token of surrenderb. They were wearing badges that said “Nuclear Power—No thanks!”c. Our troops encountered only token resistance.token n. sign, symbol or evidence of stheg. A white flag is used as a token of surrender.Phr. in token of sth: as evidence of stheg. Please accept this gift in token of our affection for you.Adj. 1) serving as a sign or pledge of sth2) done, existing, etc, on a small scale as a gesture of sth that is notseriously meant.eg. Our troops encountered only token resistance.badge n. 1) thing worn to show a person’s occupation, rank, membership of a society, etc2) fig, thing that shows a quality or conditioneg. Chains are a badge of slavery.1.contemporary, temporarya Beethoven and Napoleon were contemporaries.b. Students often find temporary jobs during their summer holidays.c. Contemporary reports of past events are often more interesting than modernhistorians’ view of them.contemporary adj 1) of the time or period being referred to; belonging to thesame time2) of the present time; modernn. person who lives of lived at the same time as another.temporary adj. lasting or meant to last for a limited time only; not permanent.adv. temporarilyGlossarysign language 手势语；手语wag of the head 摇头squeeze of the hand 亲切的握手stamp of the foot 跺脚gritting one’s teeth 咬牙；咬紧牙关frown 皱眉leer 斜睨；一瞥（表示敌意、嘲弄）glance 一瞥；粗略地看look in one’s eye 直视某人flicker of the eyelash 眨动睫毛wave of the hand 挥手clenched fist 紧握拳头gnashing one’s teeth 咬牙切齿scowl 皱眉，愁容hug 拥抱wink 眨眼tone of one’s voice 语调clap on the shoulders 拍肩膀wringing one’s hand 紧握某人的手drumming one’s fingers 有节奏地拍击grimace 怪相，鬼脸pout 噘嘴；板脸nudge 用肘轻推nod 点头ClozeHuman beings learn to communicate with each other with nonlinguistic means as well as linguistic ones/ ways/ means. All of us are familiar with the saying It wasn’t what he said; it was the way that he said it when, by using/ saying the word way, we mean something about the particular voice quality that was in evidence, or the set of a shoulder, or the obvious tension of certain muscle. A message may even be sent by the accompanying tone and gestures, so that each of I’m ready, You’re beautiful, and I don’t know where he is can mean the opposite of any such interpretation. Often we have/ meet/ encounter/ experience difficulty in finding exactly what in the communication causes the change of meaning, and any statement we make leads to the source of the gap between the literal meaning of the words and the total message that is likely to be expressed in impressionistic terms. It is likely to refer to something like a “glint” in a person’s eyes, or a “threatening”gesture, or a “provocative” manner.Section B1. B2.A3.B4.B5.A6.C7.F8.F9. T 10. T 11. T 12. F 13. C 14. C 15.BSection C1. B2. B3. D4. D5. B6. C7.C8. A1. F2. F3. T4. F5. F6. T。

参考答案（Unit 1—8）Unit OneKey to ExercisePreview:1 True or false1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T 8T 9T 10TVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute7. attention 8. attentively, attentive4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。

They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。

Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。

It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。

⼤学英语之基础英语综合教程第⼆册unit2KeytoExercises Unit 2The Virtues of Growing OlderKey to exercises:V ocabulary exercises:I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. are likely to2. break up / disintegrate3. as a whole4. powerless against / completely controlled by5. not surprising / only too naturalII. F ill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. delay2. Feverishly3. facade4. confronted5. premise6. dreaded7. automatically8. awaitingIII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. obsessive2. moodiness3. tolerable4. beneficial5. satisfying6. hidden7. preference8. criticismsIV. C hoose a word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. C2. D3. A4. A5. B6. DV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: conceal, disguise2. Antonym: narrow3. Synonym: satisfaction, happiness, joy4. Synonym: merits, advantages5. Synonym: fat, plump6. Synonym: well-built7. Antonym: old-fashioned, outdated8. Synonym: clearly, evidentlyVI. Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word.1. prepare2. progress3. foresee4. parallel5. perimeter 教师⽤书中下划为per前缀，应为peri前缀6. diameter7. semiconductor8. decelerateGrammar exercises:I. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the nouns given.1. agony2. agonies3. experience4. experiences5. youth6. a youth7. a great help8. a good knowledge9. a gray hair10.workII. Complete each sentence with the most appropriate of the four choices given.1. A2. B5. A6. B7. B8. CIII. Complete the reading. Choose the correct words in parentheses. Choose X if no word is needed.a lot of / a little / some / a few / A / some / some / a lot of / X / many / X / a lot ofIV. Complete the following with every, each, everyone, every one or all.1.all, Every one, Every2.each3.Every4.each5.Everyone6.Each7.everyone, everyone8.EachV. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.1. When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the roots.you must take care2. Though received late at night, he started to work on the document immediately.Though he received the document late at night it3. Falling from such a height, we thought he would never survive.When he fell4. Reading the letter a second time, the meaning becomes clearer.When you read5. Reading the instructions repeatedly, what he meant became clear to me.I became clear about what he meant6. Shining in the sky we saw the first star.We saw the first star shining in the sky.7. The teacher walked behind the kids eating their lunches.who were eating8. While cleaning his gun, it went off unexpectedly.he was cleaningV. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, keeping the parts in italics in your sentences.1. e.g. We don’t go out much —as long as we can go for a drink once a week,we’re satisfied.As long as you have your health and your sanity, money isn’t really important.2. e.g. Obviously, the discomfort of the job is not enough to prevent this young manfrom his goal —making money for his education.Obviously, if you want to lose weight very quickly, you should do two things at the same time: eat less and exercise more! 3. e.g. Food is a real need, but what about the sugarcoated breakfast food advertisedon television? It’s neither necessary nor nutritious.The customer neither needs nor plans to buy candies and chewing gums, which are attractively displayed.Translation exercises:I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 许多中年⼈去健⾝房锻炼，到街上跑步，为的是延缓衰⽼。

Unit Seven Exercise KeyStudent’s BookCommunication Skills*1. Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing information.（Key to the exercise can be found in Listening Script）*2. Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the missing words.（Key to the exercise can be found in Listening Script）*3. Listen to the conversation and complete the question in no more than three words.1) see his family2) his uncle’s company3) Working experience4) computer programming5) go back home*4. Listen to the conversation twice and choose the best answers.1) D 2) D 3) DListening Comprehension*1. Listen to the following questions and choose the best answer.1) B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A*2. Listen to the following conversations and choose the best answer.1) C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A*3. Listen to the following short passage and then fill in the blanks with the missing words or phrases.1）a long way2) take care of3) advantages4) provide5) home management6) offer7) better position8) bad influencesListen to the passage again and answer the questions.1) Families that live a long away from the nearest school or parents that prefer to take care oftheir child’s education themselves.2) Schools don’t teach practical skills such as home management of gardening. Also, the schoolatmosphere is not relaxing enough.*4. Listen to the following passage and decide whether the statements are true or false.1) F (The reader of the month.)2) F (She is in the 5th grade of Harvey Primary School.)3) T (She lives with her mom, dad, and three brothers.)4) F (Through reading, she can visit new places, travel to different periods of time, and learnabout other people.)5) F (It can be inferred from the last sentence that this is a speech given at a celebration.)Text A*2. Answering Questions1) Mrs. Bush admired her second grade teacher Miss Gnagy so much that she wanted to becomea teacher like her one day.2) She would create her own imaginary classroom in which to teach her dolls.3) She felt that she was unprepared for the job, and she felt that it was more difficult than shehad imagined.4) With a group of students -- both quiet and fidgety children, and a class clown, Mrs. Bush hadto find ways to direct class so that all the students received the attention they needed.5) As a teacher, Mrs. Bush found that students had different levels of interest, energy, andattention. She realized that she had a rather short amount of time to teach important skills to her students, skills that she believed they would use throughout their lives.6) Although Mrs. Bush had instruction to teach students to read, she did not know how to put itin to practice.7) A) Witnessing a child’s development into a young reader; B) watching students’ eyes light upwith understanding; C) knowing that she was playing some part in ensuring their future success.8) A) Some students have an advantage by having strong pre-reading skills when they enterschool. B) New studies show success in early school strongly correlates to how often parents have spent time with their children on reading and language activities.9) Repetition of the rhythm of speech is important to help the developing brain understand howlanguage is organized.10) Reading motivates and inspires and sparks the imagination in a way that television cannot.Language Focus*1. Words1)technique2)beyond3)appreciate4)meaningful5)relatively6)ensure7)amount8)obvious9)success10)totally★2. Phrases1)work its spell on2)in practice3)be sure of4)admired John for5)One day6)in public7) In a way8) make much difference9)play an important part in10) light up★3. Structure1) The researchers say this makes the test cheap enough to be used in developing countries.2) He said it was the first time he had seen the enemy close enough to shoot at.3) You need a roof strong enough to support the weight of a small garden.4) The doctors say Mr. Smith should be well enough to carry out his duties as president of thecommittee after the operation.5) He says they will be able to create a medicine that is strong enough to prevent the disease.6) Some women's groups felt the meeting did not go far enough to guarantee women's rights.★4. Word Formation1)enclosed2)enable3)enrich4)encourages5)endangering6)enlarge★5. Translation1) The government urges the public to play a part in caring for the poor in our society.2) Your technique in public relations will one day be recognized.3) In a way, the impact of education on children is something that many people don't appreciate.4) How often parents spend time on reading with their very young children makes a hugedifference in childhood development.5) You must be sure of what you want to achieve before you sit down and talk with them.6) Nursery rhymes can be meaningful as they can stretch the boundaries of imagination forchildren.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.3)尽管拥有教育学学位并有过教学实习，我还是感到没有做好充分的教学准备——这工作比我预料的要艰难得多。

Unit 5 DreamsPart One Viewing, Understanding and SpeakingVideo ScriptTopic: Interpreting DreamsSetting: At the river bankCharacters: John (young man), Mary (young woman)[John and Mary, a newly married couple, are on their honeymoon. While they are sitting at the river bank, John is reading Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams and Mary is having a nap.]Mary: (awakes from a sweet dream) Ah…Darling, everything is so wonderful! The sun, the air, the water… I feel as if I were in a dream.John: (still reading the book with not much response) A dream? Yes, a dream.Mary: Have a look at the beautiful scenery around you, Darling. Don’t you think it’s too good to be true?John: Mm, maybe.Mary: Eh, you aren’t listening to me. What are you reading now?John: (finishes the last page of the book and closes the book) It’s Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams. Honey, have you ever wondered what…what the meaning of your dreams? You might get some satisfactory explanations for your dreams from this book, because Freud explains various kinds of dreams in it.Mary: It must be a very interesting book! Otherwise, you wouldn’t have ignored me. It seems to me that I am not as attractive as Freud.John: Yes, it really is.Mary: Yes?! You mean I am not charming enough? I can hardly stand your rudeness.John: Of course not. I mean it’s really an interesting book. Freud says that everything in our dreams has something to do with our real life.Mary: Really? I often dream about gathering fruit in an orchard. What does fruit represent in my dreams?John: It predicts good fortune. You’ll be rich, Honey.Mary: But the fact is we still can’t afford to buy a house.John: I have to admit that’s absolutely true. I spent about all I had on our honeymoon.Mary: Well, there must be something wrong with your interpretation, Darling. I doubt whether dreams can predict the future.John: Before I can be more exact, you have to give me more details.Mary: What further information do you need?John: Well, Honey, could you tell me what the color of the fruit is in your dreams?Mary: Er… the fruit doesn’t seem to be ripe. In my dreams, I think it’s green.John: Mm…I’ve got it. If the color of the fruit is green, you can’t be rich immediately, because only ripe fruit is interpreted as good fortune at hand.Mary: Oh? Are you sure about that?John: Definitely. I’ve just looked it up in Freud’s book.Mary: Then we’ll just have to wait and see?John: That’s right, Honey. Do you have any other happy dreams?Mary: Yes. I had another one just now. It was so sweet that I smiled from ear to ear. Would you like to have another try, Mr. Freud?John: I t’s my pleasure, madam. What happened in this dream? I guarantee you I can give you another good explanation.Mary: When I was dozing, I dreamed that you gave me a beautiful diamond necklace as a memento of our wonderful honeymoon. What do you think that means?John: (understands her wife’s actual intention and tries to find a way out) Er…Er…I’m not sure.Er…maybe I’m… I’m not knowledgeable enough! But anyway I can turn to the book for help. Wait a minute!Mary: Take it easy, Darling! I’m sure you know how you can make it come true.John: Too bad!Mary: What’s wrong?John: (smiles cunningly at his wife) I’m afraid Freud didn’t tell me how to interpret a daydream, only dreams at night.Mary: Daydream?!John: Yes, it must be a daydream since you had it during the day.Exercise 1Directions: You’re going to watch a video in which a couple talk about dreams. Read the following part carefully, which will make it easy for you to understand the video.Exercise 2Directions: Now watch the video and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Key to Exercise 2: 1) B 2) A 3) C 4) CExercise 3Directions: Watch the video again and fill in the missing words in the incomplete lines of the speakers’.Key to Exercise 3:1) too good to be true2) various kinds3) ignored4) stand5) has something to do with6) dream about7) can’t afford to8) something wrong with9) ripe, at hand10) come trueExercise 4Directions: Watch the video a third time. This time you are required to repeat a few important lines. What you have said will be recorded so that you can compare yourpronunciation and intonation with the speakers’. Try to imitate their pronunciationand intonation.Exercise 5Directions: Now you know how dreams are interpreted in the video. Please describe one of your dreams to your partner. Your description will be recorded so that your teacher will beable to know your performance. If you want to improve your work, try again beforeyou submit your recording.Part Two Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening IWords You Need to Know:passive 被动的at rest 休息process 变化过程inactive 不活跃的stage 阶段still 静止不动的alternate 轮流, 交替cycle 循环TapescriptLet’s look at the different kinds of sleep. They’re quite different. In passive sleep, the body is at rest. The heart slows down. The body processes become very slow. We move very little, and the brain becomes very inactive. If a person continues to sleep, she or he enters a new stage, a more active stage. The body goes through several changes: the brain temperature rises, the amount of blood in the brain increases, the body becomes very, very still, and the brain goes from being very inactive to being active. And as the brain becomes more active, the eyes begin to move rapidly. Eye movement is a sign of another change—that of a person dreaming.Throughout the night, people alternate between passive and active sleep. The brain rests, then it becomes active, then dreaming occurs. This cycle is repeated several times throughout the night. During eight hours of sleep, people dream for a total of one and a half hours on the average.Doctors have studied the sleep cycle and have found that everyone dreams—in fact, everyone needs to dream in order to stay healthy. It appears we need both kinds of sleep. We need passive sleep in order to rest our bodies. We need active sleep in order to dream. And dreaming helps us to rest our minds. (222 words)Exercise 1(Online)Directions:Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Key to Exercise 1: 1) B 2) A 3) C 4) D 5) B 6) CExercise 2 (Online)Directions:Listen to the passage again and complete the following table using what you hear on the recording. Check the answers with your partner.Listening IIWords You Need to Know:interviewer采访者nightmare噩梦steep陡峭的scared恐惧的trapped被困的an intensive Italian course一门意大利语强化课psychoanalyst心理分析医生Los Angeles 洛杉矶(地名) therapy治疗interpret 解释symbol 象征classic 经典的TapescriptJ = Jennifer I = InterviewerPart I(Jennifer is talking to an interviewer about her nightmare.)J: It was always the same. Always. I was in a house, a strange house, and I knew somehow that I shouldn’t have gone in. But there was some strange force pulling me. There were some stairs… very steep stairs… and I started to climb them, and… and then, suddenly I fell. Then when I was at the bottom of the stairs, I suddenly realized that there was someone… or something else in the house with me, and that these eyes had been watching me all the time, and… I knew then that something terrible… was going to happen to me… that I was going to be punished… because I’d done something I shouldn’t have done. I didn’t know what it was I’d done, only that it was wrong, very wrong.Then I could hear it… whatever it was in the house with me… coming closer in the darkness, because everything was dark, you see… and it came closer and closer. And I was scared… and there was nothing, nothing I could do to avoid it… nothing. I was trapped! Trapped in that dark house at the bottom of the stairs. There was no way out.I: And how often…J: No way out!Part IIExercise 1 (Online)Directions: You are going to hear an interview about Jennifer’s nightmare. Listen to Par t I and put a tick (√) next to each statement that describes her nightmare.Key to Exercise 1:√for 1), 3), 5), 6), 7) & 8)Exercise 2 (Online)Directions: Listen to Part II and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.Key to Exercise 2: 1) A 2) C 3) D 4) BExercise 3(Online)Directions: Listen to the whole interview again and fill in the missing words in the following summary.Key to Exercise 3:1) strange 2) strange force 3) very steep 4) at the bottom 5) watching 6) be punished7) in the darkness 8) scared 9) avoid 10) exam 11) interpreting dreams 12) disappointing 13) making mistakes 14) symbolExercise 4Directions:Listen to the whole interview again and discuss the following questions in groups.1) What do you think was the cause of Jennifer’s nightmare?2) Have you ever had nightmares? If you do, describe one of them to your classmates. If not, try toexplain why your classmates have had nightmares.Samples:Part Three More ListeningPractice One SleepWords You Need to Know:zoologist 动物学家primitive 原始的snail 蜗牛exceptional 例外的pre-determined 预先决定的subconscious潜意识的ancestor 祖先TapescriptSleep is something we generally associate with living creatures. Of course, it is true that a lot of animals sleep, but zoologists are not certain that primitive forms of animal life, like worms and snails, ever really sleep. On the other hand, animals such as bears sleep for 4 or 5 months every year.The amount of sleep a human being needs depends on age, the individual and possibly race. For example, doctors think that pre-school children need between 10 and 12 hours a night; school children between 9 and 11 hours; and adults between 7 and 9 hours. There are exceptional cases of old people who sleep only between 2 and 3 hours a day and continue to be active and healthy. The sleep requirements of different races also appear to be different. Japanese people, for example, sleep fewer hours than Europeans.It is not known for certain if mental activity (apart from dreaming) occurs when a person is asleep. However, it is certainly true that some people can wake up at a specific, pre-determined time. There are also stories about mathematicians who solve difficult problems during sleep, because their subconscious minds continue working on the problem.Some types of unpleasant dreams (or “nightmares”) are quite common; the dreamer is taking a test, but is not properly prepared; he is falling from a tree; or an animal or thing is chasing him.Some people say these last two occur because man’s ancestors lived in trees and were in constant danger from wild animals. (254 words)Exercise 1(Online)Directions: Listen to the passage about sleep and dreams. Then choose the best answer to each of the following questions.Key to Exercise 1: 1) D 2) C 3) B 4) DExercise 2 (Online)Directions: Listen to the passage again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Put “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.Key to Exercise 2: 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) TPractice Two A Dream within a DreamWords You Need to Know:brow 额avow 承认deem 认为amid 在……中roar 轰鸣声surf 海浪torment 折磨Background Information:Edgar Allan Poe (埃德加.爱伦.坡) (1809—1849) was a US poet and writer of short stories. He is most famous for his strange, frightening stories about death and evil powers such as The Fall of the House of Usher. Another story, The Murders in the Rue Morgue (莫格街凶杀案), is one of the first detective stories. His most famous poem is The Raven (乌鸦).TapescriptA Dream within a Dreamby Edgar Allan PoeTake this kiss upon the brow!And, in parting from you now,Thus much let me avow --You are not wrong, who deemThat my days have been a dream;Yet if hope has flown awayIn a night, or in a day,In a vision, or in none,Is it therefore the less gone?All that we see or seemIs but a dream within a dream.I stand amid the roarOf a surf-tormented shore,And I hold within my handGrains of the golden sand --How few! yet how they creepThrough my fingers to the deep,While I weep -- while I weep!O God! can I not graspThem with a tighter clasp?O God! can I not saveOne from the pitiless wave?Is all that we see or seemBut a dream within a dream.Exercise(Online)Directions:Listen to the poem “A Dream within a Dream” twice and fill in each blank with the word you hear.Key to the exercise:1) parting 2) wrong 3) dream 4) night 5) none 6) seem 7) shore 8) sand9) fingers 10) grasp 11) save 12) wavePractice Three DaydreamsWords You Need to Know:fantasize 幻想abnormal 不正常的inherit 遗传divert 转移alert 警觉的TapescriptAlmost all people daydream during a normal day. We tend to daydream the most during those quiet times when we are alone in our cars, sitting in waiting rooms, or preparing for bed. Daydreaming or fantasizing is not abnormal; it is a basic human characteristic. Most people have reported that they enjoy their daydreams. Some people have very probable and realistic daydreams while others have unrealistic fantasies such as inheriting a million dollars.Psychologists report that men daydream as much as women, but the subject of their daydreams or fantasies is different. Men daydream more about being heroes and good athletes while women tend to daydream about fashions and beauty. As people grow older, they tend to fantasize less, although it is still common in old age. Older people tend to daydream a lot about the past. Daydreaming or fantasizing enters into the games of children. Psychologists believe that it is very important for children to participate in fantasy play. It is a normal part of their development. It helps children develop and explore their imagination.Daydreaming has advantages and disadvantages. In some situations it can reduce a person’s fear or anxiety. It can also keep us entertained or awake under dull or boring conditions. Unfortunately, to engage in a daydream or fantasy, we must divert part of our attention from our environment. When it is important for us to remain alert and pay attention to what is going on around us, daydreaming can cause problems. (246 words)Exercise 1 (Online)Directions: Listen to the passage about daydreams, then decide which of the following questions are answered in the passage. Write “Yes” beside those answered, and “No” besidethose unanswered.Key to Exercise 1:“Yes” for 2), 3)& 6), “No” for 1), 4) & 5)Exercise 2 (Online)Directions: Listen to the passage again, and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.Key to Exercise 2: 1) A 2) C 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) CPractice Four What Do People Dream about?Words You Need to Know:distorted 扭曲的conflict 冲突conditioning 影响monster 妖怪hostile 敌对的aggression 进攻depressed 沮丧的victim 受害人rejection拒绝Naomi Epel (人名)subconscious 潜意识TapescriptNew research shows that dreams are often distorted reflections of our daily life. Many experts now believe our dreams are so closely related to our waking lives that we can use them to help us recognize our inner conflicts.According to some experts, men and women dream differently because of biological and social conditioning. In a study of 1000 dreams, half from each sex, experts found that men more often have action dreams. Usually these dreams are set outdoors or in unfamiliar surroundings. Women dream more of emotional struggles with loved ones, usually in indoor settings. As more women have care ers, their dreams might become more like men’s. Researchers have found that while housewives dream more about children, women in the workplace dream about bosses and colleagues. Small children who are easily scared dream of frightening animals and monsters that chase and attack them. Teenagers dream of romance and sex.Some dream researchers found in a study that people between 21 and 34 have more anxiety over issues of right and wrong in their dreams, possibly because they are making important decisions about career, marriage and life direction. People of ages 35 to 49 are much less hostile toward others in their dreams, perhaps because they’re reaching their greatest achievement, and have less need for aggression while awake. After age 65, anxiety about aging appears much more often in people’s dreams.If life stages affect our dreams, so do our attitudes. Studies show that angry people act out their anger in their dreams, and depressed people sometimes dream they are victims of rejection.Creative people often use their dreams to solve problems. According to author Naomi Epel, when some writers, artists or scientists go to sleep, they ask their subconscious for a dream that will help them solve problems. (299 words)Exercise 1 (Online)Directions: Listen to the passage on what people dream about and match each kind of person with the dream they are more likely to have. Write the corresponding letter on the linebeside the number. There are more dreams than people.Key to Exercise 1: 1) C 2) A 3) I 4) H 5) F 6) D 7) J 8) GExercise 2Directions: Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions or complete the sentences with as few words as possible.Key to Exercise 2:1) Because dreams are closely related to waking lives.2) more women have careers3) They are making important decisions about career, marriage and life direction.4) solve problems5) Life experiences, life stages and attitudes.Part Four Testing YourselfSection IBuried AliveTapescriptIn 1865, in a small town in Germany, a little boy was very sick. His name was Max Hoffman.“Will our son die?” Max’s parents asked the doctor.“Maybe,” the doctor said quietly. “Stay with Max. Keep him warm. That’s all you can do.”For three days Max lay in his bed. Then he died. He was only five years old.Max’s parents buried their son in the town cemetery. That night Max’s mother had a terrible dream. She dreamed that Max was moving in his coffin. She screamed in her sleep.“Sh, sh,” her husband said. “It’s all right. You had a bad dream.”The next night Max’s mother screamed in her sleep again. She had the same terrible dream.On the third night Max’s mother had another bad dream. She dreamed that Max was crying. She got out of bed and got dressed. “Quick! Get dressed,” she told her husband. “We’re going to the cemetery. I want to see Max. I want to dig up his coffin.”At four o’clock in the morning Max’s parents and a neighbor hurried to the cemetery. They dug up Max’s coffin and opened it. There was Max. He looked dead. But he wasn’t lying on his back. He was lying on his side.Max’s father carried Max home. Then he ran to get the doctor. For an hour the doctor rubbed whiskey on Max’s lip and warmed his body. Then Max opened his eyes. Max was alive! A week later he was playing with his friends.Max Hoffman died—really died—in the United States in 1953. He was 93 years old.(270 words) Part ADirections: Listen to the passage and rearrange the following sentences in chronological order.Write the numbers in the spaces provided. (16 points)Key to Part A: 1) E 2) G 3) D 4) A 5) F 6) C 7) H 8) BPart BDirections: Listen to the passage again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. (14 points)Key to Part B: 1) C 2) A 3) B 4) D 5) B 6) D 7) CSection IIVideo ViolenceTapescriptA couple is talking about their 8-year-old daughter, Debbie. They also have a son, Barry, who is16.Mother: I had to go in to Debbie twice last night. She was having these terrible nightmares! She was screaming and shouting and she kept trying to push me away. She was yelling, “Don’t hurt me! Don’t hurt me!”Father: What was wrong with her then?Mother:I don’t know. I couldn’t get a word out of her when she woke up this morning. Father:Does Barry know anything about it? Didn’t she go with him to his friend’s house yesterday afternoon? Wait a minute, I’ll give him a shout. Barry! Come here, Will you? Barry:What’s up?Father:Didn’t you say you were going to watch a film on your friend’s video yesterday? Barry: Yes, I told you! You said it was O.K.Mother:Well, what exactly did you watch? Debbie’s been having the most terrible nightmares. Barry:Oh, I don’t know! Some film his Dad had left ly ing around. About a man who had been burned to death in a car crash, who came back from the dead to take revenge on young girls. He tears them to bits and eats them. It was a young girl, see, who ran in front of his car an d made him crash. Don’t know why it’s giving her nightmares. It was really stupid, if you ask me! Anyway, she didn’t have to watch it, did she?Mother: You should have more sense at your age. You should have stopped her watching it. Father: I blame the pe ople who make films like that. They shouldn’t be allowed to make them.They must be really sick! All they care about is making money—they don’t care what they are doing to kids’ minds. (282 words)Part ADirections: Listen to the dialogue in which three people are talking about video violence. Then decide whether the following statements are true or false. Put “T” for true and “F”for false in the space provided. (12 points)Key to Part A: 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) TPart BDirections: Listen to the dialogue again and complete the following summary by filling in each blank with the exact word you hear. (32 points)Key to Part B:1) pushing 2) away 3) friend’s house 4) burned to death 5) the dead6) in front of 7) kids’ minds 8) making moneySection IIIInterpretation of a DreamTapescriptDear Editor,Your paper is great. I read with great interest your interpretation on dreams of teeth falling out. It is the same interpretation that many others use as well (needing to be heard etc). I myself had this dream repeatedly and was dying to know what it meant, as it was always confusing and disturbing. However, I was always unsatisfied with the “needing to be heard” thing.You might note that many people who have this dream are feeling worried, depressed or frightened as their teeth are falling out painlessly. Sometimes they even try to keep the teeth from falling out. Finally I came up with a different interpretation, which fitted much better for me. In fact, I’ve had fewer dreams of this sort now. So I thought you might be interested. For me, the dream means I am talking TOO MUCH. It means thoughtlessness, telling secrets, gossiping unwisely. And it’s my subconscious warning me. Now, if I have this dream, I know I have been unwise with my big mouth! Trying to cram the teeth back in, or stop them falling out, or trying to find a dentist, actually means trying to stop the words or gossip from coming out, and the feelings of depression are reflecting the regret of being too revealing—usually to an enemy. I am much more aware of this now and not such a big mouth! Maybe you could add this to your interpretations.BestKatie(243 words) Part ADirections: In this section, you’ll hear a letter to a newspaper column that provides interpretations of typical dreams regularly. Listen to the letter and choose the bestanswer to each of the following questions. (10 points)Key to Part A: 1) A 2) C 3) D 4) B 5) CPart BDirections: Listen to the letter again and decide which of the following statements are the woman’s own description or interpretation of the dream. Put “Y” for yes and “N” forno in the space provided. (16 points)Key to Part B: 1) Y 2) Y 3) N 4) Y 5) N 6) N 7) Y 8) Y。

视听说第一册课后答案1-9Unit 1 Meeting New PeopleLesson A College LifeKey to Exercise A:•Questions-•What do you usually do after class?•What other activities do you take part in?•Will there be a movie on this weekend?•What about sports and extracurricular activities?•Is there anything else?Answers•I usually go to the reading room or the library.•There are always lectures and reports.•Every Friday evening we can watch films or video in our d epartment.•Yes, of course. Jane Eyre will be shown.• There are ball games and matches nearly every week. You can also join different kinds of clubs organized by the Student’s Union.•Oh, yes. There’s always a dancing party on Saturday evening s.Lesson BUniversity of OxfordKey to Exercise A:1.b2.a3.c4.d5.dKey to Exercise B•1. F 2. T 3. F•4. F 5.T 6. TKey to Exercise C•1. undergraduates•••••••••Unit 2 SportsLesson A The Olympic Spirit●Key to Exercise B ●1. It is mutual understanding, friendship, unity and fair play.●2. At the present, there has not been a wording for professionalathletes in China.3. No. Two of them have rather negative opinions on the present athletic sport.4. Sports management is beneficial to the promotion of the athletic sports level.5. The Sydney Olympics is a watershed. Since its beginning, anti-doping has risen from traditional battle to the battle of biologic engineering.Lesson BThe history of the Olympics ●Answers to Mind-mapping activities B.●Group A ●1 Cities.●2 The French educator Baron Pierre de Coubertin. ●3 On July 15, 2001.●4 Unity between Africa， the Americas， Asia ， Australia ， and Europe.●5 Zeus.●Group B●1 Olympia，Greece.●2 International Olympic Committee.●3 “Faster， Higher ，Stronger”.●4 Green Olympic, High-tech Olympics and People’s Olympics.●5 Tokyo， Japan in 1964.II. While-listening Activities●A.●1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5. TB. summary●The purpose of the first modern Olympics, which were held in Athens in 1896 was to help athletes and through competition and provide a way for athletes of all nations to ●During the sports competitions in Baron de Coubertin designed the Olympic rings in 1913, whichof the world-Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and the two American continents, represented by one ring. Stronger".●Olympia, Greece to every new Olympics. In this way, the Olympic flame links the old and new gamesLesson C The Flame●●●●●(chorus)●●●And we're together again●My friends, will you show us the way●●●●●And looks to you and me●(chorus)●●●●Key to Ba. We travel on, guided by the flame●b. The fire within makes you reach out to the goal●c. Since ancient times we've come together in the light of the flame●d. look to your heart you will find the flameUnit 3EducationLesson A Pre-school education in the U.S.AKey to ExercisesB.•forty; five; three or four; two-thirds• eighty-thousand; ten percent.C.1. Young children in pre-school programs learn colors and numbers. They identify common objects and letters of the alphabet to prepare for reading. They sing and play games that use numbers and maps. They learn to cooperate with teachers and other children. Many pre-school programs include activities to help young children learn about the world around them. For example, children visit places like zoos, museums and fire and police stations.2. He may not be ready for kindergarten since many American kindergartens now require skills taught in early education programs.Lesson B Developing Children’s CreativityKey to exercises in part II.•4-3-2-1B.1. C2. b3. a4. aLesson C. Hillary’s view on EducationKey to ExercisesA.The first speaker:The policy will possibly libel（slander or hurt) 25% of the teachers in America as ineffective. It has not done what it needs to do to help children.The second speaker:The policy has unfortunately not been either founded or implemented effectively or appropriately. It does a disservice(damage or obstacle) to the educational process. It penalizes schools and teachers.B.1. T2. F3. T4. T5.FUnit 4 Man and NatureLesson AThe Effect of Global Warming⏹Effects :⏹Increasing global temperature will cause s ea level to rise, and is expected to increase the intensity of extreme weather events and to change the amount and pattern of precipitation. Other effects of global warming include changes in agricultural yields, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.Key to exercises in Part II⏹A.⏹ Africa and Asia; Latin America; Industrial countries; small island nations.⏹B.⏹F F F T F T⏹C. Global warming⏹⏹⏹ ⏹ ⏹ ⏹ Lesson BGlobal warming and the melting soil⏹Key to Exercises:⏹A.⏹F T T F T⏹B.⏹1. top authorities; 300 scientists; eight nations; impact⏹2. sea levels; feet high; 100 years.Top 10 things we can do to reduce global warming⏹1. reduce, reuse, and recycle.⏹2. use less heat and air conditioning.⏹3. change a light bulb.⏹4. drive less and drive smart.⏹5. buy energy-efficient products.⏹6. use less hot water.⏹7. use the off switch.⏹8. plant a tree.⏹9. get a report card from your utility company.⏹10. encourage others to conserve.⏹D. A gigantic tornadoUnit 5News ILesson A : The lead of News⏹Key to Exercise B: ⏹1. rescued a newborn baby⏹2.might help counter the effects of global warming.⏹3. a responsible withdrawal of U.S.forces⏹4. will be remembered; Bolt’s sprints⏹5. the Oscar ceremony; the 80 years academy awards⏹6. a financial rescue package; the global financ ial crisis.⏹7. Al-Qaeda remains the single greatest threat to the U.S.⏹8. five million; have been taking part in the biggest earthquake drill⏹9. The two main opposition parties in Pakistan; have a clear majority. Lesson BFinancial News⏹Key to Exercise B:⏹Lead: President Barrack Obama is facing an early decision on trade policy⏹Further details: travel to Canada; are warning of disastrous consequences; embraces protectionism. ⏹Background information:⏹1. the U.S. Hou se of Representatives passed an economic recovery plan; works hand-in-hand; Congress⏹2. the House and Senate; American-made steed; public-works projects.Lesson CA report on Bird Flu⏹Key to Exercise:⏹A.⏹1. a 19-year-old man⏹2. The cause of his sickness has now been confirmed as the deadlyH5N1strain of bird flu. ⏹3. Cambodia⏹4. He is known to have eaten poultry.⏹5.He has been kept isolated and is in a stable condition.⏹B.⏹1 F 2 T 3 F4 F 5 T⏹C.⏹1. confirmed; fortunate; spreading; Cambodia; here; around the world⏹2. resurfaced ; a dozen;⏹3. fear; mutating; transmitted.Unit 6 societyLesson AGetting Rich Quickly?⏹Key to Exercise B:⏹Speaker A : You are gullible. You shouldn’t believe everything you read, especially on the Internet. ⏹Speaker B: All I have to do is first send some money to the person who sent me the letter, After that he will tell me how to earn much more money.⏹C.⏹The person at the top: asks the people below him for money, and thentells them to go and ask other people for money while sending some of it backto him. ⏹The people at the bottom: give their money to the people above them, and they get nothing. They end up losing.Lesson BViolent Crime Increase in U.SKey to Exercise C:⏹1. But the largest increase was in the West. Violent crime in that partof the country rose almost five percent.⏹2. Northeastern states had the smallest i ncrease. It was three percent over the same period last year. ⏹3. The report shows that violent crime rose nationwide, especially in cities with populations between half a million and a million.Lesson CA School Shooting in Finland⏹Key to Exe rcise B: 6-3-2-5-1-4⏹Key to Exercise C:⏹1. the police line; midday; dinner ladies⏹2. the school’s public address system; should remain in their classrooms; five boys and two girls ⏹3. assumes; to be confirmed by⏹4. arrived in the school yard; contact with; gave command to ; responded; was hurt.Unit 7 Culture and History(I)Lesson A What is culture?Key to Exercises in Lesson A ⏹A.⏹Definition A: People’s knowledge about art, music, and literature.⏹Definition B: All the ways in which a group of people act, dress, think, and feel.⏹B.⏹1. long sloping forehead⏹2. scars into or tattoos on body⏹3. Use rouge, lipstick, eye shadow, perfume, and hair spray to increase attractiveness.⏹C:⏹1.Why do many people cut scars into their bodies or tattoo themselves?⏹ d⏹2. Which of the following would expose the dead body on platforms for birds to eat?⏹ a⏹3. Which of the following is not true?⏹ d⏹4. Why does the speaker mention the Flathead Indians?⏹ cLesson B Culture shockKey to Exercises ⏹A:⏹1. Much of what he has learned about interpreting the actions of people around him is suddenly irrelevant.⏹2. Serious impact of the individual’s feelings of self-worth.⏹3. Fatigue, irritability and impatience.Unit 8 Culture and history (II)Lesson ASuch a historic City!Key to Exercise C ⏹Nelson’s Column:⏹It was built⏹Westminster Abbey:⏹Tower of London: It is a famous Madame Tussauds: There you can see Sometimes, it’s hard toLesson BPubs in Britain ⏹Key to C:⏹1. all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, just spend a couple of quiet hours.⏹2. pay for your round; t hat you buy a drink for everyone in your group.Lesson C Columbus Discover America?Key to AF T F F T FKEY TO B1. He was born in Italy.2. Sept 9, 14923. Oct 12, 1492; They arrived on a small island in the Bahamas.5. He died a disappointed man.Key to Exercise C ⏹1. He set out to solve a major problem. Europeans wanted spices from India and China, but it was costly to import them overland or sail them all the way around Africa. Columbus decided to find a new sea-route from Europe to Asia. ⏹2. A month and 3 days.⏹3. Columbus believed he was near the coast of Asia and the islands of the East Indies. So he called the people who greeted him Indians.⏹4. While Columbus’s voyage opened up a whole new world for Europeans to explore, it ultimately spelled a disaster for the Native Americans. Columbus made 1492 one of the pivotal years in world history. And for both good and bad, the New World and the old were changed forever.Unit 9 Holidays and FestivalsLesson A Thanksgiving DayKey to Exercise A⏹The passage talks mainly about the origin of Thanksgiving Day and the significance of celebrating this festival.Key to Exercise B⏹1. Thanksgiving originated in 1620.⏹2. They sailed to America on the Mayflower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship.⏹3. Pilgrims waited for the harvests all summer long with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended onthe coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a yieldrich beyond expectations. Therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed. Key to Exercise C⏹C.⏹ thanks; friends; holiday; success; prospect; appreciative; r elationship; interaction; gratitude; equally; value; Additionally; pursuit; granted.Lesson B Spring FestivalKey to A1. D2. B 3 . D. 4. DKey to Exercise B⏹1. People born in the year of Snake:⏹It’s a good year for unmarried sna kes to get married.⏹2.People born in the year of Pig:⏹Pigs will enjoy good luck in their careers, probably getting that hard-earned promotion.⏹3.People born in the year of Rabbit:⏹Unmarried rabbit people will likely hook up with someone from their past, though the relationship might not last very long.⏹4. People born in the year of Ox and Goat:⏹Ox and Goat people will be the target of vicious gossip, and will be prone to digestive problems.⏹5. People born in the years of DragonDragons born in the spring and summer will experience changes for theworse in their careers and in love.6. To ward off gossip, people should :Place a sheet of pink paper in the centre of their home or office.7.Through Fengshui, people can increase their luch with money, people can:⏹Place a glass of water to the north.8. To improve health, people can:Place a music box or a plate of wet sand in the northeast or southwest.9.The start of the Lunar New Year is traditionally a time for Hong Kongers to:Get their fortunes told, though sometimes it’s better not to know.Key to C1. F2. T.3. T.4. F.5. FKey to D1. a2. b.3. c.4. c.Lesson C ChristmasKey to A•1 a 2e 3 d 4 b 5cKey to B•1. At the Amari Atrium Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand. •2. A 6-meter-high Christmas tree, made entirely of chocolates. •3. 50 kilograms•4. 6•5. 90%。

现代大学英语精读1第二版8-16单元课后问题详解Unit 9Key to ExerciseVocabularyGrammar1 Translate the Chinese1. no matter what / whatever happens2. no matter how old/young they are, whatever their age (is)3. No matter what/ Whatever you say4. no matter how much it costs5. No matter where/ Wherever his business took him6. No matter how / However we tried to reassure her7. no matter where/ wherever you are in the world8. no matter how/ however difficult your workmates/ colleagues are9. no matter how/ however difficult that is10. no matter what /whatever will happen to them2 Complete the response to each of the remarks using the wish + that-clause pattern as shown in the examples.1. I had realized this2. I could help3. I had a brother4. I had his courage5. We could do more than we did6. I lived7. I had better news8. we could be 9. she had listened to 10. I had been taught4 Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.1. since3. popular4. idea/ practice5. relationships6. ways7. tradition8. among/ with9. longer 10. text5 Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences1. This free copy is yours no matter whether/ if you buy any of our books. / This free copy is yours whether you buy any of our books or not.2. Wherever the people want us to go, we’d go there.3. In some ways we whish we could turn the clock back.4. On parting, the three of them decided to meet again at the same place in ten years.5. I wish my parents were as understanding as yours.6. The hotel treats its guests equally, no matter where they are from.7. His family and friends are all worried about him, for they haven’t heard from him for six weeks. / As his family and friends haven’t heard from h im for six weeks, they are all worried about him.8. All these years, I have kept track of the progress of the project.9. Toward 10 pm, the man in the doorway became anxious; he was not sure whether his friend would come. / Toward 10 pm, the man in the doorway became anxious, for he was not sure whether his friend would come.10. I wish the earthquake had never happened.Key to exerciseVocabulary2 Complete the following verb+noun collocations or expressions1. have / get / show / produce/ achieve the results2. have / take / accept / show / bear / assume responsibility3. discuss / debate / raise/ settle/ confuse / avoid issues4. pursue / have / develop hobbies5. have / make / lose / avoid contact6. save face / lives / time / money/ trouble7. remove roots / chairs/ hats / gloves / shoes / bandages / make-up/ doubts8. cultivate land / field / roses/9. eliminate enemies / rivals / opponents / suspects / errors10. produce oil / cars / cotton / results / a movie11. lack care / time / money / experience / patience / courage12. bury the dead / treasure / past / head13 nourish the plants / children / animals / relationship14. arrange meeting / appointments / time / place / flowers / business affairs Grammar4 Fill in the blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.1. comes2. different3. Anybody4. as5. longer6. burdens7. them8. who9. life 10. days5 Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences.1. When Mandela no longer had to do manual labour, he started a garden in the yard.2. Medals enjoyed working in his garden because gardening offered him a sense of satisfaction in prison.3. He wants to pursue a career in journalism after graduation from college.4. They refused to discuss the matter in public.5. Neither his parents nor his friends thought he would become a writer.6. When he learned that he had been admitted by Tsinghua University, he could hardly wait to tell his family the news.7. We can meet either on campus or at my place.8. I was so absorbed in the story that I did not realize it was getting dark.9. I haven’t finished the book I’d borrowed from the library yet.10. Is it possible to arrange for me to work as a volunteer for the Landon Olympics? Unit 11Key to the exerciseVocabulary5 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 across, for, out 2. in search of 3. across/upon, out, from4. for, to5. upon, with6. to7. up, for, into8. through, into 9. at, with, in, toGrammar2 Rewrite the sentence by inverting the subject and main verb.1. Along a wall of the study stood three floor-length bookcases.2. It was midnight, but now and then, from the distance, came bangs of firecrackers.3. In a corner of the park lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.4. Present at his 90th birthday party were people from all walks of life, along with over a hundred former students.5. Gone are the days when the big powers could order other countries about.4 Fill each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.1. social2. typical3. have 4 depending 5. life6. cubs7. that8. trained9. on 10 such5 Identify and correct the mistakes in each of the sentences.1. The miners demanded that the accident be looked into.2. I was reading China Daily on the Internet when the light went out.3. We hurried to the stadium only to be told (that) the football game had been cancelled.4. It might be years before you can work your way up to the head of the department.5. The passengers had just fastened their seat belt when the plane began dipping wildly.6. It was quite some time before the boy could see everything around him clearly.7. On by training hard can an athlete hope to break a world record.8. In front of the bookshelves stood a desk on which pens and pieces of paper lay about.9. Where h ave you been? I’ve been looking for you the whole morning.10. In the 21st century, the computer is / computers are playing a more and more important role in our everyday life.Unit 12Key to the exerciseVocabulary4. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word in the brackets.1. simplified2. authorized, organize3. normalization4. industrialization, urbanized5. modernization, classified6. legalized, justified, civilized7. intensify, unification8. nationalized 9. notified, computerized 10. globalization, idealized3. Complete the following sentences1. a. success / luck b. I had more timec. I were ten years younger2. a. everybody is here b. are college studentsc. we have become one of the world’s largest economies3. a. we put environmental protection before GDPb. gave more attention to critical thinking4. a. the grammar exercisesb. helping you withc. help us with5. a. what the book says is always correctb. take it for grantedc. take it for granted6. a. say b. plan my time c. kiss/ thank, criticize7. a. like fish b. did go c. did smoke4. Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the parts in bold type with words and expressions from the text.1. strange2. to be bursting with3. the habit of… clung to him still, slipping into, ch eck4. can’t take anything for granted, take it for granted that we will be able5. Come to think of it6. But come to think of it / But now that I think about it7. Now that people all seem to have more money than before,I do hate, nowadays8. manage to (dig), Come to think of it9. but now that I am, will slip back easily in time5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1. in, in2. of, of, instead of3.with, to, as4. to, as5. Unlike, for6. in, off, of/about/with7. as, to, up 8. in with7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form or the words given below.1. worth2. worthwhile3. worthy4. worth5. now/nowadays6. now7. nowadays8. look 9.gaze 10. staring 11. glanced 12. glanced13. hay 14. wild herbs to eat 15. grass 16. weeds17. received, accepted 18. will accept 19. received20. lovely, beloved/loving 21. beloved 22. loving23. cry/ weep 24. crying 25. sobbingGrammar2. Complete the sentence using the proper conjunction from the box below.1. as if/ as though2. before3. as long as4. even though5. Even if6. now that7. as long as8. as if/ though9. Even though 10. Now that4. Fill in each blank of passage with ONE suitable word.1. smoke 2 what 3 teach 4 control 5 complaints6 group7 at8 could9 shared 10 more5. Identify and correct mistakes in each of the sentences1. At about three o’clock, the boy went to the barn and did the milking all by himself.2. Up until now there are still people who cling to the idea that men are superior to women.3. I think I locked the doors and closed the windows, but I’ll just go and make sure of them. ( or: …make sure I did.)4. It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my bike key in the classroom.5. Every one of us must arrive before 8 pm without exception.6. It’s important for young people to learn how to survive in the wild.7. It’s time our school upgraded its computer program.8. Robert woke up twenty times for fear that he would oversleep.9. Upon graduation, he was bursting with gratitude to the university for a first-class education he had received there.10. The teacher could hardly believe a student who grew up in a mountain village had never seen a computer before he came to college.Unit 13Key to the Exercise:Vocabulary:2 Translate the following phrases into English:1. uncork the bottle; undress the children; unearth the buried treasure; unpack the books from the box; uncover the dirty plan2. fulfill one’s wish/aspirations, fulfill one’s plan; fulfill /realize one’s dream; fulfill one’s promise; achieve the result;achieve independence; fulfill one’s demand; fulfill one’s expectations; achieve/ realize one’s purpose/aim/goal3. make progress; make inventions; make threats4. obey orders; obey the law; obey the authorities; obey the rules; obey the command; obey the leadership5. spread germs; spread the news; spread the map; spread the fire; spread the terror6. demand an explanation; demand a reply; demand an apology7. threaten life; threaten stability; threaten the economy; threaten the unity8. dominate/control th e world; dominate/control one’s life; dominate the match; dominate the family9. master a language; master art; master the new technology; masters kills/techniques3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets according to the sentence patterns in bold.1. Once we all agree to regard our problems as differences among family members.2. Once you learn to look at the problem from the perspective of the opposite side.3. Once you get to know him better.4. what if we can’t find suitable jobs5. what if everybody decides to protect their home market6. what if we were hit by serious floods, droughts or earthquakes? What if the weather conditions were terrible and our harvests failed? What if there should be another serious energy crisis?7. If only he had kept at it.8. If only we had spent more money on the development ofagriculture9. If only he were still alive4 Rewrite the sentences replacing the parts in bold type with the words and expressions below.1. regard him as, turned out to be2. as it turned out later, carry out3. were capable of (destroying), call for4. keep at, spur them on5. appealed to her to think of6. depend on, get rid of7. were devoted to each other, but for8. different from, adapt to9. aims at (increasing)5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs1. from, to, out, in2. of, under3.for, off4. of, in 5 of 6 of, around, as7 of, to, to 8. to, to 9. to, forGrammar2 Study the use of as in the examples and complete each of the sentences using an appropriate verb from the box.1. accept2. described / regarded / thought of3. regard / see / think of4. introduced5. used6. treated /used7. regard / think of8. describe 9 regarded / thought of 10. described4 Fill in each blank of the passage with One suitable word.1 early2 locked3 rest4 but5 what6 words7 found8 frozen 9 working / operative 10 killed5. Identify and correct the mistake(s) in each of the sentences.1. Many men still have difficulty accepting a woman as a business partner.2. At the daycare center, the teachers treated the children as their own children. /At the daycare center, the teachers treated the children like mothers.3. The other day my father witnessed a terrible road accident in which two people were killed and three injured.4. There is always someone on campus to whom you can turn for advice. / There is always someone whom you can turn to for advice on campus.5. The movie is generally viewed as trash in spite of its box office success.6. He’s the kind o f person with whom many people feel uncomfortable.7. People tend to regard as the center of the world the place where/ in which they are born and brought up. / People tend to regard as the center of the world the place they are born and brought up in.8. Whether it is fine or it is rainy, they exercise every day.9. But for his help, I wouldn’t have been able to finish theproject in time.10. The computer is believed to be one of the most important inventions of the 20th century.Unit 15Key to the exerciseVocabulary2 Translate the following expressions into English1 wipe sweat2 sting one’s eye3 plough the field4 sow a cover crop5 produce good crops6 fell trees7 hunt squirrels8 bend one’s shoulders 10 fondle the clouds 11 rouse the curiosity12 cross the fence 13 clear a piece of land 14 fence the land15 smell the soft mud /dirt 16 think the same thought 17 take the trouble 18 make a narrow escape 19 thin the corn 20 mat the top3 Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets following the example given1 prevent / keep/ stop government officials from abusing their power2 prevent /keep the children from entering his garden3 prevent /keep ordinary people from entering his garden4 not to drink and smoke any more5 not to build a big city here ever6 not to be content with what has been achieved.7 Isn’t it too risky for us8 Isn’t it too early for her9 Isn’t it too hard for you10 it was in this temple that Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing dynasty was supposed to secretly become a monk.11 it is not the place where the famous battle in history was fought12 it was not because of Qin Gui, but because of the then emperor that Yue Fei, the famous patriotic general of Southern Song dynasty was executed13 you would think that he knew everything14 you might take her for princess of a certain Arab country15 all these have happened in the past three decades5 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs1 at, in2 up, up with3 about, down4 out of5 away from, on/over/across6 away/ off7 on, round, in, at8 up 9 toward, with, at, without, for, fromGrammar4. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.1. removed2. more3. followed4. however5. sorry6. let7. with8. leave9. wrong 10 silent5 Identify and correct the mistake(s) in each of the sentence.1. The joke had us all laughing outright.2. Parents shouldn’t force their children to do what they don’t like.3. These children are made to work 10 hours a day.4. Xiao Li’s gone to the barber’s to have his hair cut /…to have a haircut.5. At the end of the story, Maheegun, the wolf, returned to (the place) where he belonged—the wild. / At the end of the story, Maheegun, the wolf, returned to the place he belonged to –the wild.6. On Christmas morning, Rob got up an hour early and did the milking all by himself.7. It’s high time we gave our dorm room a spring-clean. / It’s high time to give our dorm room a spring-clean.8. Rob woke up several times to look at his watch for fear (that) he would oversleep.9. Don’t take it for granted that once you enter college you’re sure to succeed.10. Even if none of you go, I’ll be there rain or shine.Unit 16Key to ExerciseVocabulary3 Fill in the blanks with correct form of the word(s) in the brackets.1. honest, honestly, honesty2. ignorant, ignorance, ignorant3. discussion, exchange, argument, exchange4. justice, democracy, inclination, injustice, democracy2 Translate the following phrases into English1. wash the car ; park the car2. ride a bike; ride a horse3. water the flowers; water the lawn4. exchange a look; exchange a grin / smile5. get the same deal / have the same problem6. lighten the atmosphere7. keep distance9. point a finger at10. grab / seize / grasp/ grip one’s arm11 make a joke12. smash a window13. watch / observe the effect14. blanket / cover / envelop this place4 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1. for, of, off, into2. up, out of, up, with, with, away3. on, at, by, by, under, in4. up, out5. from, on, of, on5 Complete the following sentences with appropriate expressions from the box blow1. might as well2. scared of, nothing of the sort3. watch out for / keep an eye on4. above suspicion5. talk us into6. anything, except/but, or something7. set foot in8. made up9. wise up, go by10. keep an eye on/watch out for。