2012年秋季大学英语(4)(本)网上作业2

2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not bec ause they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。

《大学英语〔四》第二次作业答案你的得分：100说明：每道小题选项旁的标识是标准答案。

一、单项选择题。

本大题共40个小题,每小题 2.0 分,共80.0分。

在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

o— I'd like to book a room, please.o— _______C.Single or double?D.Good or bad?E.Which room?F.We don't have books here.o—Hello! Can I get a seat on the 8 pm flight to Detroit?o— _______.I.Hello! International AirlineJ.You'd better look up the schedule firstK.I'm sorry, but it's completely bookedL.I'm afraid you have to changeo— What time is the next flight to Washington?o— _______O.It’s a smaller one.P.It’s too lat e.Q.It’s 1.45 pm.R.It sounds good.o— Passport, please?o— _______U.It is here.V.What do you want?W.Here you are.X.No, you can’t.o— I didn't know my identity card〔身份证was needed, sir.o—______AA.That's sorry.BB.I don't believe you.CC.Sorry, but that's no excuse.DD.You can't say that.o— Oh dear! I've just broken a window.o— _______! It can't be helped.GG.GreatHH.Never mindII.That's fineJJ.Not at allo— What do you think of this novel?o— _______MM.I've read it.NN.It's well-written.OO.It was written by my uncle.PP.I bought it yesterday.o— Excuse me, how much is the jacket?o— It's 499 Yuan. _______SS.Oh, no. That's OK!TT.How do you like it?UU.Which do you prefer?VV.Would you like to try it on?o— Hello, I would like to open an account. o— _______YY.Which account do you want to see?ZZ.Have you make up your mind?AAA.What kind of account do you have in mind?BBB.You’re welcome.o— Would you please show me your bankbook?o—_______EEE.Sorry, I have no idea.FFF.Here you are.e with me.HHH.Yes, I'd like to.o— I feel sick.o— _______o— I'm not sure, but I have got a bad headache.LLL.I'm sorry to hear that.MMM.How are you feeling now?NNN.Do you have a high temperature?OOO.How long have you been away?o— Must we hand in our homework now?o— _______RRR.Yes, you will.SSS.Yes, you mustn’t.TTT.No, you needn’t.UUU.No, you mustn’t.o—Excuse me. Is this table taken?o—______.XXX.We haven't booked the dishesYYY.We haven't ordered the dishesZZZ.Yeah. I'm saving these seats for friendsAAAA.Yeah. I'm hungryo—Let me see inside your carry-on bag.o— _______DDDD.Just a few personal belongings.EEEE.You have no right.FFFF.It’s my privacy.GGGG.Is it necessary?2.If he _______, he would have signed his name in the corner..painted that pictureA.paints that pictureB.would have painted that pictureC.had painted that picture3.It’s already 5 o’clock. Don’t you think it’s about time _______?.we are going homeA.we go homeB.we went homeC.we can go home4.It has been proposed that we _______ our decision until the next meeting..delayedA.delayB.can delayC.are to delay5.I wish I _______ what to do..knewA.have knownB.knowC.would know6.Not until I began to work _______ how much time I had wasted..didn’t I realizeA.did I realizeB.I didn’t realizedC.I realized7.His answer is not correct, and _______..neither am IA.either is mineB.neither is mineC.mine is neither8.Hardly _______ the railway station when the train started..did I reachA.had I reachedB.I reachedC.I had reached9.She suffered temporary loss of _______ after being struck on the head..viewA.visionB.eyeC.illusion10.T he company’s move to new offices is _______..in turnA.in effectB.in natureC.in processo— _______ I take the newspaper away?o—No, you mustn't. You _______ read it only here.F.Must; canG.May; canH.Need; mustI.Must; must11.T his is the third week _______ the dustmen haven’t come for the rubbish..thatA.whenB.whichC.on which12.W ith the _______ of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party..exhibitionA.exceptionB.exceptC.reception13.Y ou needn't make such a funny noise, _______?.don't youA.doesn't itB.need youC.need it14.S orry, I don't know he is a friend of ________..your brotherA.your brothersB.your brother's friendC.your brother's15._______ they met each other and became good friends..It was in the countryside whereA.Being in the countrysideB.It was in the countryside whenC.It was in the countryside that16.I t _______ a retired worker that she was brought up after her mother’s death..isA.wasB.areC.were17.T he man, together with two girls, _______ by the police..has arrestedA.was arrestedB.are arrestedC.have arrestedo— Do you want to wait?o— Five days _______ too long for me to wait.F.wasG.wereH.isI.are18.A number of people _______ at the street corner..amA.isB.areC.be19.N either the students nor the teacher _______ got the right answer..haveA.hasB.isC.are20.P hysics _______ always my strong point..isA.areB.beingC.to be21.Y ou'd better wear more clothes. It's ______ cold today..much tooA.too muchB.very muchC.much very22.H er reaction to the child’s bad behavior was unnecessarily _______..abundantA.fluencyB.rationalC.hash23.I won’t make the _______ mistake next time..likeA.sameB.nearC.similaro There is an old saying that husbands and wives start to look and behave like each other after a time. I don't know if this was true of my mother and father.o Both of my parents had brown hair and brown eyes and low voices.My father, ______, was eight years older than my mother and taller and thinner.He was built as straight as an arrow. My mother was shorter and had a rounder and fuller face and she looked as soft as a pillow.o My mother was quieter and talked less than my father did. She was also a much more patient person than my father. My father was moreexperienced in life. He was ______ to doing everything quickly. My mother, on the other hand, worked and spoke more slowly.o They were fond of nature and sports, such as walking, gardening and swimming. They were both ______ in reading and music, but my fatherpreferred history books, while my mother liked to read romantic novels. In music, their types were similar, and they were never proud of listening to it. Most of the time they were in agreement on bringing ______ their children.They both believed in giving them love and neither one believed in punishing them physically. At times, their personalities were very much alike, but at other times, they seemed very ______. Perhaps that is why none of their children knows which parent he looks or behaves like.o〔根据文章,将下面五个选项按照正确的顺序填在原文中o 1. howevero 2. interestedo 3. upo 4. usedo 5. differentN.12453O.14235P.34125Q.2135424.O nly after I had reached the supermarket _______ that I had forgotten to take my purse with me..I had realizedA.I realizedB.I have realizedC.did I realize三、判断题。

11秋学期《大学英语（四）》课程第二次网上作业答案你的得分： 85.0说明：每道小题括号里的答案是您最高分那次所选的答案，标准答案将在本次作业结束(即2012年03月15日)后显示在题目旁边。

一、单项选择题。

本大题共30个小题，每小题 2.5 分，共75.0分。

在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.— I wish you success in your career.— _______( D )A.You are welcome.B.You think so.C.Yes, please.D.The same to you.2.— Let's go to the library this afternoon.— _______( D )A.Yes, that's right.B.No. I can't.C.What about you?D.That's a good idea.3.— Madam, do all the buses go downtown?— _________( D )A.Wow, you got the idea.B.No, never mind.C.Pretty well, I guess.D.Sorry, I'm new here.4.— Are you feeling better today, Jack?— _______( C )A.There must be something wrong.B.Just have a good rest.C.Yes, thank you, doctor. But I still don't feel good.D.Don't worry about me.5.— Hello, I'm David Chen. Nice to meet you.— _______( B )A.Are you?B.Nice to meet you too.C.Yes.D.Very nice.6.— Good-bye for now.— _______( C )A.The same to you.B.That's OK.C.See you.D.Long time no see.7.— I think he is a good lecturer.— _______( B )A.Sorry, it doesn't matter.B.So do I.C.Yes. It's a good idea.D.I don't mind.8.— I had a really good weekend at my uncle's.— _______( D )A.Oh, that's very nice of you.B.Certainly.C.It's a pleasure.D.Oh, I'm glad to hear that.9.— Why didn't you come to my birthday party yesterday?— _______( D )A.Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.B.Fine, I never go to birthday parties.C.Ha…ha, I like swimming.D.Sorry, but my wife had a car accident.10.— Do you prefer tea or coffee?— _______( C )k.B.Yes, I like tea.C.Coffee, please.D.None.11.The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visitingscholar ____a lecture on Sartre.( B )A.gaveB.giveC.would giveD.had given12.It's time we ____ the lecture because everybody has arrived.( D )A.will startB.shall startC.startD.started13.Hardly ______on stage ____the audience started cheering.( C )A.he had come/thanB.he had come/whenC.had he come/whenD.had he come/than14.Mathematics ________ study or science of numbers.( A )A.isB.areC.wasD.were15.She is not only my classmate ________ also my good friend.( B )A.orB.butC.andD.too16.It was on the beach ____Miss White found the kid lying dead.( A )A.thatB.thisC.itD.which17.There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk.( A )A.isB.areC.haveD.has18.Can you look after my children for a while? I don't want to leavethem _______.( C )A.lonelyB.awayC.aloneD.along19.Before the final examination, some students have shown _________of tension. They even have trouble in sleeping.( C )A.anxietyB.marksC.signsD.remarks20.The young actor who had been thought highly of _________ to be agreat disappointment.( B )A.turned upB.turned outC.turned downD.turned in21.We go to the cinema ______ a week.( B )A.oftenB.onceC.seldomually22.He ________ me do the work.( B )A.givesB.helpsC.mindsD.cares23.— _____?— She's our history teacher.( C )A.Where is she fromB.Where does the woman workC.Who is sheD.How is the woman24.A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.( A )A.isB.areC.hasD.have25.I was satisfied with her explanation, _________.( B )A.so my classmates wereB.so were my classmatesC.so my classmates didD.so did my classmates26.Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react towhat he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our childwill repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different.This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ----immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry,I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particularbehavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in thefuture. (1)、What is the lecture mainly about?( C )A.Children and environmental protection.B.Children's behavior and fighting.C.Children's behavior and our response.D.Children and principles.27. Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react towhat he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different.This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ----immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry,I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particularbehavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions,we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in thefuture.(2) On what kind ofprinciple is the lecture based?( B )A. A principle in chemistry.B. A principle in behavioral psychology.C. A principle in physics.D. A principle in geology.28.Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react towhat he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different.This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ----immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry,I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particularbehavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.(3)、Who do you think the audience at this lecture might be?( D )A.Teachers.B.Doctors.C.Social workers.D.Parents.29. Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react towhat he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our childwill repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different.This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ----immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry,I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particularbehavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.(4)、According to the lecture, why was the child sent tohis room?( A )A.As a kind of punishment.B.As a kind of reward.C.As an experiment on the principle.D.As an example of the principle.30.Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react towhat he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different.This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ----immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry,I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particularbehavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the childwas praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped todetermine whether those behaviors will occur again in thefuture (5)、What does the lecturer mean by "environment"?( C )A.Rooms, cookies and toys.B.Water, air and forest.C.People, places and things.D.Family, school and friends.三、判断题。

作业名称：2012年秋季大学英语预备网上作业2 出卷人：SA作业总分：100 通过分数：60起止时间：2012-10-11 13:33:03 至2012-10-11 14:17:19学员姓名：19930817 学员成绩：100标准题总分：100 标准题得分：100详细信息：题号:1 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:I’m used to ______ early in winter morning.A、get upB、getting upC、gotten upD、be getting up标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:5题号:2 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:With all the clothes she needed ______, Mary left the supermarket for home.A、to be boughtB、boughtC、buyingD、to have bought标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:3 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:The hostel has been booked up _______ 5 rooms.A、besideB、ButC、exceptD、except for标准答案:D学员答案:D本题得分:5题号:4 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:All buses ______ because of the heavy snow, they had to to there on foot.A、had been canceledB、having been canceledC、were canceledD、having canceled标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:5题号:5 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:The government is responsible ____the nation’s welfare.A、alongB、betweenC、forD、during标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:6 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:The children stood on the pavement, ______.A、watching the buses coming and goingB、watched the buses coming and goingC、when watched the buses coming and goingD、when to watch the buses coming and going标准答案:A学员答案:A本题得分:5题号:7 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:______, land may not be ruined.A、When giving proper careB、Unless giving proper careC、Given proper careD、To give proper care标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:8 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:______, he had an accident on the icy road.A、Although driving carefullyB、Even though drove carefullyC、Though driven carefullyD、Although to drive carefully标准答案:A学员答案:A本题得分:5题号:9 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:He was excused _____ attending the meeting because of some emergency at home.A、fromB、underC、downD、like标准答案:A学员答案:A本题得分:5题号:10 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:Soon after an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets ______ details.A、to giveB、givingC、givenD、gives标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:5题号:11 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:______, the price would be reasonable.A、All things are consideredB、For all things to considerC、All things consideredD、If all things considered标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:12 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:He was suspected ________ di shonesty in the deal.A、aboutB、ofC、toD、with标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:5题号:13 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:They are considering ______ before the prices go up.A、of buying the houseB、with buying the houseC、buying the houseD、to buy the house标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:14 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:We ______ for quite a long time.A、were keeping waitedB、were kept waitedC、were keeping waitingD、were kept waiting标准答案:D学员答案:D本题得分:5题号:15 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:I can’t imagine ______ alone on a desert island.A、liveB、to liveC、livingD、to be live标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:16 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5内容:They walked downstairs with the job ______.A、completeB、completingC、completedD、to complete标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:17 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5内容:She was ______ to see the beautiful ______ sun on Mountain Tai.A、amazing、risenB、amazing、risingC、amazed、risingD、amazed、risen标准答案:C学员答案:C本题得分:5题号:18 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5内容:The project ______ by the end of thi s year will expand the city’s telepho ne network to cover 1,000,000 users.A、accomplishedB、being accomplishedC、having been accomplishedD、to be accomplished标准答案:D学员答案:D本题得分:5题号:19 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:She was angry that she felt like ______ something at him.A、to throwB、to have thrownC、having thrownD、throwing标准答案:D学员答案:D本题得分:5题号:20 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5 内容:______ by the police, he drove more carefully.A、Being warnedB、WarnedC、WarnedD、Having warned标准答案:B学员答案:B本题得分:5。

2012年12月英语四级考试真题及答案(第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief account of the increasing use of the mobile phone in people's life and then explain the consequences of overusing it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Should Sugar Be Regulated like Alcohol and Tobacco?Sugar poses enough health risks that it should be considered a controlled substance just like alcohol and tobacco, argue a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).In an opinion piece called "The Toxic (毒性的) Truth About Sugar" published Feb. 1 in Nature, Robert Lustig, Laura Schmidt and Claire Brindis argue that it's wrong to consider sugar just "empty calories." They write: "There is nothing empty about these calories. A growing body of scientific evidence is showing that fructose (果糖) can trigger processes that lead to liver toxicity and a host of other chronic diseases. A little is not a problem, but a lot kills-slowly."Almost everyone's heard of-or personally experienced-the well-known sugar high, so perhaps the comparison between sugar and alcohol or tobacco shouldn't come as a surprise. But it's doubtfulthat Americans will look favorably upon regulating their favorite vice. We're a nation that's sweet on sugar: the average US adult downs 22 teaspoons of sugar a day, according to the American Heart Association, and surveys have found that teens swallow 34 teaspoons.To counter our consumption, the authors advocate taxing sugary foods and controlling sales to kids under 17. Already, 17% of US children and teens are obese (肥胖的), and across the world the sugar intake (摄入) has increased three times in the past 50 years. The increase has helped create a global obesity plague that contributes to 35 million annual deaths worldwide from noninfectious diseases including cancer, heart disease and diabetes. Linda Matzigkeit, a senior vice president at Children's Healthcare, said "We have to do something about this or our country is in danger. It's not good if your state has the second-highest obesity rate. Obese children turn into obese adults. ""There are good calories and bad calories, just as there are good fats and bad fats, good amino acids (氨基酸) and bad amino acids," Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health program at UCSF, said in a statement. "But sugar is toxic beyond its calories."The food industry tries to imply that "a calorie is a calorie," says Kelly Brownell, director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University. "But this and other research suggests there is something different about sugar," says Brownell.The UCSF report emphasizes the metabolic (新陈代谢的) effects of sugar. Excess sugar can alter metabolism, raise blood pressure, affect the signaling of hormones and damage the liver-outcomes that sound suspiciously similar to what can happen after a person drinks too much alcohol. Schmidt, co-chair of UCSF's Community Engagement and Health Policy program, noted on CNN: "When you think about it, this actually makes a lot of sense. Alcohol, after all, is simply made from sugar. Where does vodka come from? Sugar. "But there are also other areas of impact that researchers have investigated: the effect of sugar on the brain and how liquid calories are interpreted differently by the body than solids. Research has suggested that sugar activates the same reward pathways in the brain as traditional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin. No one is claiming the effect of sugar is quite that strong, but, says Brownell, "it helps confirm what people tell you sometimes, that they hunger for sugar and have withdrawal symptoms when they stop eating it."There's also something particularly tricky about sugary drinks. "When calories come in liquids, the body doesn't feel as full," says Brownell. "People are getting more of their calories than ever before from sugared drinks."Other countries, including France, Greece and Denmark, impose soda taxes, and the concept is being considered in at least 20 US cities and states. Last summer, Philadelphia came close to passing a 2-cents-per-ounce soda tax. The Rudd Center has been a strong advocate of a more modest 1-cent-per-ounce tax. But at least one study, from 2010, has raised doubts that soda taxes would result in significant weight loss: apparently people who are determined to eat- anddrink-unhealthily will find ways to do it. Teens-no surprise-are good at finding ways to get the things they can't have, so state policies banning all sugar-sweetened drinks from public schools and providing only water, milk or 100% fruit juices haven't had the intended effect of steering kids away from drinking sugared drinks: the average teen consumes about 300 calories per day-that's nearly 15% of his daily calories-in sweetened drinks, and the food and drink industry is only too happy to feed this need.Ultimately, regulating sugar will prove particularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for so many people, is love. A plate of cut-up vegetables just doesn't pack the same emotional punch as a tin of home-made chocolate chip cookies (饼干), which is why I took my daughter out for a cupcake and not an apple as an after-school treat today. We don't do that regularly-it's the first time this school year, actually-and that's what made it special. As a society, could we ever reach the point where we'd think apples-not a cupcake-are something to get excited over? Says Brindis, one of the report's authors and director of UCSF's Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies: "We recognize that there are cultural and celebratory aspects of sugar. Changing these patterns is very complicated."For inroads (进展) to be made, say the authors in their statement, people have to be better educated about the hazards of sugar and agree that something's got to change:Many of the interventions (干预) that have reduced alcohol and tobacco consumption can be models for addressing the sugar problem, such as imposing special sales taxes, controlling access, and tightening licensing requirements on vending machine (自动售货机) and snack-bars that sell high sugar products in schools and workplaces."We're not talking prohibition," Schmidt said. "We're not advocating a major imposition of the government into people's lives. We're talking about gentle ways to make sugar consumption slightly less convenient, thereby moving people away from the concentrated dose. What we want is to actually increase people's choices by making foods that aren't loaded with sugar comparatively easier and cheaper to get."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

【作文一】1. 你的基本情况your basic information12.你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途you reason for the loan, the amount and purpose3. 你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算【作文：图表】图表作文Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The MagicianThe revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginningWhen it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an “incredible” new electronic gadget (小器具)in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and work with numbers, he once explained, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic”. Mr Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker. He stood out in three ways-as a technologist, as a corporate (公司的)leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning.As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer-and that was his great strength. Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics (美学), and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea-the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer(平板电脑)-and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers.Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy (嬉皮士), permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time. That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision, an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory (轨迹)of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse. The way in which Mr Jobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gates’s Microsoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple so dramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywood movie.But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the absolute loyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community, with Mr Jobs as its leader. And there was indeed a personal link. Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss’s tastes and to meet his extremely high standards. Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting product feel personal. And that is what put Mr Jobs on the right side of history, as technological innovation (创新)has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.As our special report in t his issue (printed before Mr Jobs’s death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people’s homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’ systems. Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses, government and the armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions of Facebook and creating their own “app stores” to deliver software to employees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals. Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell. Apple’s products are now bei ng snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas.Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak (怪人), and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use. Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. His insistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity, has become deep-rooted in his own company, and is spreading to rival firms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask: “What would Steve Jobs do?”The gap between Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow. This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook, who replaced Mr Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr Jobs to shower his star dust on the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing the best job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr Jobs, Mr Bezos also flattered (抬举)him. With Mr Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products.Mr Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a “reality distortion (扭曲)field”, such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “put a ding in the universe” did just that.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

《大学英语4》第2阶段在线作业一、单项选择题答题要求:每题只有一个正确的选项。

1(5.0分)5.0It is urgent that the seriously wounded soldier ________ to the war hospital at once.A)is to be sentB)was sentC)must be sentD)be sent参考答案：D收起解析解析：无2(5.0分)5.0This travel agency ______ $360 for a single adult with a child under 12 for a round trip to the Great Valley.A)claimsB)demandsC)chargesD)prices参考答案：C收起解析解析：无3(5.0分)5.0Tom ____ more than twenty pounds on the novel.A)spentB)C)costD)took参考答案：A收起解析解析：无4(5.0分)5.0He asked the waiter ____ the bill.A)onB)ofC)forD)after参考答案：C收起解析解析：无5(5.0分)5.0The whole day’s hard work in the field gave him a good ______. A)appetiteB)applauseC)applianceD)application参考答案：A收起解析解析：无6(5.0分)5.0I couldn’t afford to rent such an expensive car, ______ own it myself. A)let alonenot to say anythingC)not to mentionD)not to speak of参考答案：A收起解析解析：无7(5.0分)5.0He ____ lives in the house where he was born.A)alreadyB)yetC)stillD)ever参考答案：C收起解析解析：无8(5.0分)5.0I have no objection ______your design for the new type of machine this time. A)to adoptB)to adoptingC)to having adoptedD)to have adopted参考答案：B收起解析解析：无9(5.0分)5.0Tom is so talkative. I’m sure you’ll soon get tired ____ him.A)B)withC)atD)on参考答案：A收起解析解析：无10(5.0分)5.0Of more than three hundred people in the airplane that crashed last week, only five ________ miraculously.A)sustainedB)enduredC)survivedD)maintained参考答案：C收起解析解析：无11(5.0分)5.0The reason I did not go abroad was ____ a job in my home town.A)becauseB)due toC)that I gotD)because of getting参考答案：C收起解析解析：无12(5.0分)5.0She _______ tell white lies to make people feel better, to smooth things over. A)is prone toB)is subject toC)is prior toD)is pretentious to参考答案：A收起解析解析：无13(5.0分)5.0He ____ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby.A)insisted onB)insisted atC)insisted thatD)insisted in参考答案：A收起解析解析：无14(5.0分)5.0You had better ____ a doctor as soon as possible.A)seeingB)sawC)seeD)seen参考答案：C收起解析解析：无15(5.0分)5.0When I heard that my mother would come to see me this weekend, I _____ for her to arrive. A)couldn’t but to waitB)couldn’t help but waitingC)couldn’t help but waitD)couldn’t help but to wait参考答案：C收起解析解析：无16(5.0分)5.0Measles (麻疹) ____ a long time to get over.A)spendB)spendsC)takeD)takes参考答案：D收起解析解析：无17(5.0分)5.0________ a few spelling mistakes, this composition is well-written.A)But forB)in spiteC)BesidesD)Except for参考答案：D收起解析解析：无18(5.0分)5.0The top of the Great Wall is ____ for five horses to go side by side.A)wideB)so wideC)wide enoughD)enough wide参考答案：C收起解析解析：无19(5.0分)5.0Each car sold in this specialized(专门的) shop comes with a one-year ________. A)guaranteeB)safetyC)securityD)insurance参考答案：A收起解析解析：无20(5.0分)5.0It’s ____ that he was wrong.A)clearlyB)clarityC)clearD)clearing参考答案：C。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题答案与解析Part I Writing参考范文：第一种图表（即我们试题部分的图表）Education PaysThe bar graph describes the unemployment rates in 2010 for social groups with different education degrees in theUnited States. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics，the better you are educated，the more likely you are to get employed. For example，there are only about 1.9% and 4% of people with doctoral degree and master s degree respectively who are unemployed，while people with only a high school diploma or less suffer a much higher unemployment rate （14.9% and 10.3% respectively）.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially，when knowledge of science and technology is power，people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market.It must be added，however，a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity. In order to succeed in the career，people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication，teamwork and social experience.第二种图表（这也是本次考试的另一份试卷的图表）（见图表2）Education PaysAs is shown in the bar chart above，the social groups with higher degree are not only more likely to be employed in the first place，but they are also better paid later in the workplace. Those with doctoral and professional degrees enjoy a much higher weekly median earning （$1551 and 1665 respectively）and suffer a much lower unemployment rate （2.5% and 2.4%）. On the other hand，those with less education suffer a considerably higher unemployment rate and have a much lower weekly income. For example，there are a total of 23.5% （9.4%+14.1%）of people unemployed with high school diploma or less，who have only a median weekly income of $545，as compared with the average $797.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially，when knowledge of science and technology is power，people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market and a competitive edge for workplace promotions.It must be added，however，a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity and higher salary. In order to succeed in the career，people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication，teamwork and social experience.概述四级考试主要的作文命题形式是“文示”提纲作文，但不时也考应用文（书信、演讲词等）和图表作文，图表作文曾在1991年6月（表格：Changes in People s Diet）和2002年6月（柱状图：Student Use of Computers），似乎是10年考一次，但不排除今后会更频繁地考到。

12秋学期《⼤学英语（四）》在线作业1单选题⼀、单选题单选题（（共 20 道试题试题，，共 100 分。

）得分得分：：100V12秋学期《⼤学英语(四)》在线作业1试卷总分：100 测试时间：-- 试卷得分：1001. 65. On arriving at Singapore, we telephoned to ______ our mother’s uneasiness.nm l j A. cut nm l j i B. relieve n ml j C. subtract nm l j D. decrease 满分：5 分得分：52. 69. His family ______ great hardship during the war.nm l j i A. endured nm l j B. tolerated n ml j C. sustained nm l j D. undertook 满分：5 分得分：53. 111. The older New England villages have changed relatively little __________ a gas station or two in recent decades. nm l j A. except nm l j B. besides n ml j C. in addition to nm l j i D. except for 满分：5 分得分：54. 84. Her parents tried to _______ a subtle pressure on her to marry someone who would carry on the family business. nm l j A. bring nm l j B. employ n ml j C. bear nm l j i D. exert 满分：5 分得分：55. 105. Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ____Chinese.nm l j A. smooth nm l j i B. fluent n ml j C. fluid nm l j D. flowing 满分：5 分得分：56. 18. A person ______ others call “lucky" is usually an intelligent, hard worker who takes full advantage of opportunities. nm l j A. who nm l j B. that n ml j i C. whom nm l j D. to whom 满分：5 分得分：57. 17. We have not seen our next-door neighbors for weeks. They ______ somewhere for holiday.n m l j A. should have gonen m l j B. need have gonen m l j C. ought to have gonen m l j i D. must have gone满分：5 分得分：58. 79. At the airport they went _______ the aircraft an hour before the other passengers.n m l j i A. aboardn m l j B. boardn m l j C. abroadn m l j D. above满分：5 分得分：59. 34. As far as computer programming is concerned, this model is obviously superior ______ any of the others in our department.n m l j i A. ton m l j B. thann m l j C. overn m l j D. from满分：5 分得分：510. 25. It seemed a pity ______ they ate it after all the trouble they had taken in making it.n m l j A. whenn m l j B. sincen m l j i C. thatn m l j D. what满分：5 分得分：511. 107. He was unwilling to join them, for his _______ would embarrass Gaston.n m l j i A. presencen m l j B. absencen m l j C. persistence满分：5 分得分：512. 103. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert __________ it means standing in a queue all night. n m l j A. providedn m l j B. whatevern m l j i C. even ifn m l j D. as if满分：5 分得分：513. 31. At best, this is only a temporary substitute ______ the other one.n m l j A. ton m l j B. fromn m l j i C. forn m l j D. with满分：5 分得分：514. 39. I like black coffee so much because the stronger it is, ______ .n m l j A. I like it bettern m l j B. the more I liken m l j i C. the better I like itn m l j D. I like it more满分：5 分得分：515. 4. You must concentrate your attention ______ the main contradiction involved in the problem.n m l j i A. onn m l j B. atn m l j C. ton m l j D. of满分：5 分得分：516. 64. The thief ______ the room, took the precious diamond and went away.n m l j A. broke upn m l j i B. broke inton m l j C. broke offn m l j D. broke through满分：5 分得分：517. 49. The teacher wrote his ______ in the margin of the composition.n m l j A. statementsn m l j i B. commentsn m l j D. definition满分：5 分得分：518. 100. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in __________.n m l j A. residentsn m l j B. inhabitantsn m l j i C. lodgersn m l j D. settlers满分：5 分得分：519. 28. Neither your parents nor your aunt has any ______ thought but what is best for you.n m l j i A. othern m l j B. anothern m l j C. moren m l j D. extra满分：5 分得分：520. 88. The shape of Italy _______ a boot when you look at it on a map.n m l j i A. resemblesn m l j B. picturesn m l j C. likesn m l j D. looks满分：5 分得分：5关闭。

2012年英语2text4英文回答：The Impact of Technology on Communication: A Double-Edged Sword.Technology has profoundly reshaped the way we communicate, offering unprecedented opportunities for connection and information exchange. However, this technological revolution has also brought about a range of challenges that necessitate a critical examination of its impact on communication.Positive Impacts.Increased Accessibility and Convenience: Technology has made communication more accessible and convenient than ever before. With smartphones, social media platforms, and video conferencing tools, we can connect with people across vast distances in real-time. This has facilitated globalcollaboration, fostered relationships, and enabled individuals to stay in touch with loved ones who live far away.Enhanced Efficiency and Speed: Technological advancements have significantly increased the speed and efficiency of communication. Email, instant messaging, and social media allow us to send and receive messages instantly, eliminating the delays associated withtraditional mail or phone calls. This has streamlined business processes, improved productivity, and enabled us to respond to inquiries and resolve issues more quickly.Access to Information and Knowledge: The internet has become an invaluable source of information and knowledge. Search engines, online libraries, and educational platforms provide access to a vast repository of knowledge that can inform our decisions, expand our perspectives, and enhance our learning. This has fostered a culture of continuous learning and empowered individuals to become more informed and enlightened.Negative Impacts.Reduced Face-to-Face Interaction: While technology has increased our connectedness, it has also diminished the frequency and quality of face-to-face interactions. The convenience of virtual communication may lead people to withdraw from in-person conversations, resulting in a loss of non-verbal cues and the personal touch that is essential for building strong relationships.Increased Social Isolation: Excessive use of social media and technology can contribute to social isolation, particularly among vulnerable individuals. The constant comparison of oneself to others on social media platforms can foster negative body image, anxiety, and feelings of inadequacy. Additionally, the tendency to interact with others primarily through virtual channels may lead to a decline in real-world social skills and a diminished sense of belonging.Spread of Misinformation: The internet and social media have enabled the rapid spread of information, bothaccurate and inaccurate. This poses a significant challenge, as it becomes increasingly difficult to discern the truth from falsehoods. Misinformation can shape public opinion, influence decision-making, and even incite violence.Conclusion.Technology has had a profound impact on communication, offering both benefits and drawbacks. While it has enhanced accessibility, convenience, and information exchange, ithas also diminished face-to-face interaction, fosteredsocial isolation, and contributed to the spread of misinformation. As technology continues to evolve, it is essential to approach its use with a critical mindset, recognizing its potential for both good and harm. We must strive to harness its benefits while mitigating itsnegative consequences, ensuring that communication technology serves as a tool for progress and human connection.中文回答：科技对交流的影响，一把双刃剑。