优化方案(浙江、江苏)高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题二阅读理解第二讲推理判断题强化训练

第二讲推理判断题A(2015·重庆一中一诊)Based on new analysis，we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.Geographers predict that within the next eighty years，current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear.Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter，forcing animals to migrate(迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases.Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense.If the changes come too quickly，animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily，a new study predicts that by the year 2100，many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world.It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far­reaching consequences for the whole world.The planet itself has been showing signs of change.In 2004，a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008，thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake.Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.Within just the last few months，new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought.At this point，it doesn’t matter what is causing it，but rather，what can be done about it.What’s more，our world is getting more and more unstable every year.There is war and threat of war everywhere.Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.However，other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this.No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

第一讲细节理解题A(2016·浙江大学附中高考全真模拟)Surprisingly，no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals，still less the content or quality of that education.Proper records are just not kept.We know that more than 850，000 children go through hospital each year，and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital.We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1，000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country.It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher.A further quarter have only a part­time teacher.The special children’s hospitals in maj or cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey，one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher—and that contact may be as little as two hours a day.Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all.They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school.If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied，and the latter is often all the teachers can do.The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”．Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school.Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching，and are told to catch up as best as they can.Many short­stay child­patients catch up quickly.But schools do v ery little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.【解题导语】文章讲述了因病住院学生的教育问题，老师太少，无法保证学生的学习，作者对于这一现象很不满意。

【优化方案】（浙江江苏）2021高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题二阅读理解第四讲主旨大意题典题在线知能提升AAs a young man，Al was a skilled artist，a potter with a wife and two fine sons.One night，his older son developed a severe stomachache.Thinking it was only some common intestinal(肠的) disorder，neither Al nor his wife took the condition very seriously.But the boy died suddenly that night.Knowing the death could have been avoided if he had only realized the seriousness of the situation，he always felt he was guilty.To make matters worse，his wife left him a short time later，leaving him alone with his six­year­old younger son.The hurt and pain of the two situations were more than Al could stand，and he turned to alcohol for help.In time，Al became an alcoholic.As the alcoholism progressed，Al began to lose everything he possessed—his land，house，etc..Finally Al died alone in a small bar.Hearing of Al’s death，I thought，“What a totally wasted life! What a complete failure！”As time went by，I began to revalue my earlier rough judgment.I knew Al’s now adult son，Ernie.He is one of the kindest，most caring，and most loving men I have ever known.I saw the love between Ernie and his children，thinking that kindness and love had to come from somewhere.I hadn’t heard Ernie talk much about his father.One day，I worked up my courage to ask him what on earth his father had done so that he became such a special person.Ernie said quietly，“As a child until I left home at 18，Al came into my room every night，gave me a kiss and said，‘Love you，son.’．”Tears came to my eyes as I realized what a fool I had been to judge Al as a failure.He had not left any material possessions behind.But he had been a kind and loving father，and left behind his best love.【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文，一个在作者眼中极其失败的人却是一位伟大的父亲，同时培养出了一个极其善良且充满爱心的亲小孩。

第一讲细节理解题AFounded in 1764 by French traders，St.Louis today is the fifteenth largest urban area in the USA.There are many attractive destinations for tourists.American Kennel Club Museum of the DogDog lovers who visit St.Louis won’t want to miss this 14，000­square­foot museum.Inside are over 500 paintings，watercolors，and a variety of other dog art objects.The museum is open all the year round，Tuesday through Saturday 10 am to 4 pm，and Sunday 1 pm to 4 pm.Admission is $5 for adults，$2.50 for students，and $1 for children up to 10.Anheuser­Busch BreweryThe Anheuser­Busch Brewery tour is not just for beer lovers.The tour includes the historic Brew House，where visitors can enjoy how beer is made.Then the tour continues to the modern Bevo Packaging Plant.The best will be the Budweiser Clydesdale Stables.The tours are always free.Gateway ArchDesigned by Eero Saarinen and Hannskarl Bandel，it took over two years and 900 tons of stainless steel to build.It is the tallest of the country’s national monuments.The arch is part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial.About one million people per year come to the top of the arch，where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city.St.Louis ZooFirst version of the St.Louis Zoo opened in 1904 at the St.Louis World’s Fair，but in the century it has grown into one of the foremost zoos in the world.The Zooline Railroad，a passenger train takes visitors around the zoo，which contains over 9，000 animals of over 800 species.The zoo is open every day but Christmas and New Year’s Day，with summer hours of 8 am to 7 pm，and the rest of the year of 9 am to 5 pm.Admission to the zoo is free.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。

第1讲细微环节理解题（二）细微环节理解题(二)A(2016·山西四校高三第三次联考)World Book Day is a celebration of all things wonderful about books for all ages, with author events, school fancy－dress parades(游行) and a ￡1 book token(购书券) given to all school children under 18. It is a yearly event on 23rd April, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), to promote reading.In the United Kingdom, the day is recognized on the first Thursday in March. On 3rd March, 2016 children of all ages in the U．K. will come together to appreciate reading. Sometimes, reading a modern novel can be tough (Booker Prize winner The Luminaries runs to 832 pages! ), especially if reading is not your strong suit. In fact, one in six people in the U．K. never pick up a book because they've experienced difficulties or are out of the habit of reading for pleasure.The Galaxy Quick Reads series are designed to introduce reluctant readers to bestselling short funny novels, which bring the joy of reading without demanding hours of concentrated time. They cover a range of subjects, from romance to comedy.Jojo Moyes's Paris for One is a romantic adventure in which 26－year－old Nell books a weekend away to Paris with her lazy, neglectful boyfriend. When he fails to turn up, she is alone in the city. That is, until she meets Fabien, who shows her the charms of the French capital—in more ways than one.Adele Geras's moving story Out In The Dark was set in World War I, in which young Rob came back from the battlefields. Determined to find the officer's widow to return the photo of her and their daughter that the captain kept with him, he traveled several thousand miles but never gave up.Dead Man Talking is a fantastic tale of Pat, who had a terrible fight with his best friend, Joe, ten years ago—but now hears that Joe is dead, and he must attend his funeral. But Joe is not going quietly that very night—he's lying in his coffin being very chatty indeed.体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：《银河快速阅读》系列语篇导读：有些书让不擅长阅读的读者望而却步。

第二组(建议用时：25分钟)阅读理解AAndy is the most unreasonable, pigheaded life form in the world, and he makes me so angry that I could scream! Of course, I love him like a brother. I have to because he is my brother. More than that, he is my twin!That’s right. Andy and Amy (that’s me) have the same curly hair and dark eyes and equally stubborn characters. Yet, though we may look alike, on most issues we usually take completely opposite positions. If I say day, you can count on Andy to say night.Just this week, the hot topic in school was all about the PTA’S proposal (提议) to adopt a school dress principle. Every student would be required to wear a uniform. Uniforms! Can you imagine? Oh, they would be uniforms in color. The dress style would be sort of loose and free.Boys would wear white or blue button­down shirts, a school tie, blue or gray pants, and a navy blue blazer (运动夹克). Girls would wear white or blue blouses or sweaters, blue or gray pants or skirts, along with a navy blue blazer.Socks or tights could be black, gray, blue, or white. The teachers are divided: Some are in favor of the uniforms, others are opposed. The headmaster has asked the students to express their opinions by voting on the issue before making their decisions. She will have the final word on the dress principle.I think a dress principle is a good idea. The reason is simple. School is tough enough without worrying about looking cool every single day. The fact is, the less I have to decide first thing in the morning, t he better. I can’t tell you how many mornings I look into my closet and just stare, unable to decide what to wear. Of course, there are other mornings when my room looks like a storm had hit it, with bits and pieces of a dozen different possible clothes on the bed and on the floor.I also wouldn’t mind not having to see guys wearing oversized jeans and shirts. And I certainly would welcome not seeing kids showing off designer­labeled clothes.Andy is surprised at my opinion. He says he can’t believe that I would be willing to give up my all­American teenage birthright by dressing lik e—well, like a typical teenager. Last night, he even dragged out Mom and Dad’s high school photo albums. What a couple of peace­loving hippies (嬉皮士) they were！“Bruce Springsteen never wore a school uniform. Bob Dylan wouldn’t have been caught dead in a sch ool uniform！If I have to wear a uniform, I won’t feel like me！” he declared.To which I replied, “So your personal heroes didn’t wear school uniforms. Big deal! They went to high school about a million years ago! I feel sorry for you, brother dear. I had no idea that you are so fragile that you would be completely destroyed by gray or blue pants, a white or blue shirt, a tie, and a blazer.”That really made him angry. Then he said, “You’re just mimicking (模仿) what you hear that new music teacher saying！”“That is so not true. I’m saying exactly what I think，” I said, raising my voice in what mom would call “a very rude manner.”“You have always been stupid, and you know it！” he shouted.“Is that so? Anyone who doesn’t agree with you is automatically stupid. And that’s the stupidest thing of all！” I said.Fortunately, the bell rang before we could do each other physical harm, and we went thankfully to our separate classes.The vote for or against uniforms took place later that day. The results of the vote and the headmaster’s decision will be announced next week. I wonder what it will be. I know how I voted, and I’m pretty sure I know how Andy voted.How would you vote — for or against?1．Amy and Andy quarrel because ________．A．they share a cupboardB．Amy likes to show offC．they both have the word for dress principleD．they always take the opposite views on issues2．The story is about ________．A．a conflict of opinions between boys and girlsB．a historical event and is told in the third personC．a personal experience and is told in the first personD．a school policy decision that will affect parents and students3．Amy’s position on school uniforms is most likely based on ________．A．logical conclusions drawn from her own observation and personal experience B．an emotional reaction to what she has been told by people in authority C．her preference for designer­labeled clothesD．not liking anything her brother likes4．Which of the following is the best statement of Andy’s position?A．School clothing should reflect parents’ values.B．Teenagers should never follow the latest fashions in dress.C．How one dresses should be an expression of one’s individuality.D．Wearing school uniforms means one less decision every morning.5．Which of these statements from the story is a form of an emotional appeal?A．The teachers are divided: some are in favor of uniforms; others are opposed.B．You are so fragile that you would be completely destroyed by gray or blue pants.C．The results of the vote and the headmaster’s decision will be announced next week.D．The hot topic in school was all about the PTA’s proposal to adopt a school dress principle.6．What is the best title for the passage?A．A School Dress PrincipleB．My Stubborn Twin BrotherC．Endless Fights with My BrotherD．For or Against? — That Is the QuestionBTeachers and parents usually call attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that calling attention to the words and letters on the page may lead to better readers.The two­year study compared children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even two years later.Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference would be increased attention to the printed text.Ms. Piasta says if you get children to pay attention to letters and words, itmakes sense that they will do better at word recognition and spelling. But she says research suggests that very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic way.The report appears in the journal Child Development.More than three hundred children aged four and five were observed in classrooms in Ohio and Virginia. The children came from poor families and were below average in their language skills. This put them at risk of reading problems later.For thirty weeks, the children took part in a program called Project STAR, for Sit Toget her And Read. The project is based in Ohio State. It tests the short­term and long­term results of reading regularly to preschool children in their classrooms.Laura Justice in Ohio State was an investigator for the study. She heads the Preschool Language and Literacy Laboratory. She says one of the areas that interests researchers is known as the “locus of learning”．“Where is it that a child learns something? Where is that space? We think we have identified it pretty well in terms of fostering (助长) some children’s knowledge about print.” says Laura Justice. She also says this knowledge can be gained by having focused discussions when reading a book to a child. Laura Justice says, “We think we understand how information about print is transmitted from the adult to the child. And we think we have centered on this intervention that really helps adults center on the things that children need and want to learn.”There are different ways that teachers and parents can talk to children about print. They can point to a letter and discuss it, and even trace the shape with a finger. They can point out a word, “This is ‘dog’．” They can discuss the meaning of the print or how the words tell the story. And they can talk about the organization of the print —for instance, showing how words are written left to right in English.7．When reading storybooks to their children, parents usually ________．A．attract attention to the picturesB．discuss the stories with each otherC．tell some background information firstD．ask some questions about the stories8．Shayne Piasta suggests that preschool teachers should ________．A．read storybooks regularly in classB．learn to manage their class wellC．often discuss the printed words and lettersD．search for a better method of reading9．The children who joined in Project STAR were ________.A．mostly cleverer than othersB．very poor in their readingC．especially good at language skillsD．worried about reading problems10．The underlined word “locus” in Paragraph 8 can be replaced by ________．A．difficulty B．importanceC．best way D．exact place11．The last paragraph mainly tells us ________．A．why we should discuss the meaning of the printB．how we can teach children about printC．the shape of the letter is the focus of teachingD．English words are usually written from left to right阅读理解A1．解析：选D。

“阅读理解＋阅读七选五”提速练(二)(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·安徽黄山二次质检)When I was young, I wished for a good car and a big house. That was my idea of success. I took all the advanced classes and tried to do well in the exams with my mind set on going to a key school. I just knew that I would somehow become famous and be able to afford the car and the dream house. All the way through junior years, my mind was planning this beautiful future.Then in the eleventh grade, many losses changed my mind. First, one of my friends died at 16. Soon after, my great­grandmother passed away, followed by my beloved fourth­grade teacher. These events left me not knowing what to do or where to go. Death had never touched me so closely.After a long period of emptiness, it finally struck me: Life is not promised and neither is future success. Though I was attempting to achieve material success, I was not enjoying my daily life. I realized that finding inner peace, purpose and happiness will stick with me forever and that is real success.Enjoying life's precious quirks (偶发事件) makes an ordinary person more successful than a wealthy person who isn't content and takes everything for granted. The summer before senior years, my attitude changed greatly. Instead of memorizing facts, I began learning skills. Instead of focusing on the future, I focused on today and many blessings and successes that came with it.I still get excellent grades, but now I devote weeks to studying instead of struggling for exams, and I think about the future with a deeper sense of meaning. For me, being successful means truly living life each day.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。