崇明中学词汇手册u(版本)

崇明中学词汇手册T（2015版本）T1.tailor [?te?l?(r)]n 裁缝go to the?’s到裁缝店做衣服v a. 缝制(衣服等）a well—ed coatb.(调整)使适应?sth. to sth., tailor sth. to one’s needsmy teaching style to the needs of my students2.take[te?k]v. 拿，取；带领；就(座/职)；服碑)；搭乘(车船等)；量(体温等)；釆取;理解take/catch /seize hold of 抓住take it / things easy 别紧张；别着急;慢慢来take A for B = mistake A for B 把A 误认为Btake the lead 带头，领先take sth. into account / consideration = take account of sth. 考虑take o ne’s own life = commit suicide / kill oneself 自杀take place 发生，take the place of 替代，take one’s place 就座take one’s time不慌不忙，慢慢来，take the form of以…的形式呈现take turns (at) doing sth. / to do sth. = do sth. by turns 轮流做某事take sth. for granted, take it for gran ted that…想当然take to sb. / sth. 喜欢take after = resemble 相象He takes after his mother.take sth. apart 将..拆开take sth. away (from sb. / sth.)take/ have...off 休息take three days / Monday off 休息三天/ 周一休息take back收回(话）I take back what I saidtake sth. down a.拿下b.记下take ina.吸收~ ~ (=absorb) oxygen / knowledgeb.接纳He’s homeless. Let’s ~ him ~.c.欺骗take sb inYou were taken in.d.理解~ ~ the meaning of the sentencetake offa.起飞The plane took off despite the fog.b.脱下~ ~ your coat / hat / shoesc.突然成功take ona.呈现~ ~ a new look 焕然一新b.雇用~ ~ new staffc.接受；承担~ ~ extra work / heavy responsibilitytake sth. over接管~ ~ the company from his fatherant hand sth. over to his son把…移交给他儿子take upa.拿起~ ~ one’s penb.占(时间/ 空间）~ ~too much room / all one’s spare timec.开始从事~ ~writing / a job as a teacherd.继续~ ~ the story where we left offf. The skirt needs taking up (= shortening).3.talent [?t?l?nt]n.才能；人才have a ~ / a gift forhave a ~/ gift for music 有音乐的才能China's Got Talent中国达人秀adj. talented = gifted有天才的；有才干的a ~ student 4.talk [t?:k]v. talk to/with sb, talk about/of sth. 谈到talk sth. over with sb.= discuss sth. with sb.talk/ argue / persuade / reason sb. into / out of (doing) sth.= persuade sb. to do / not to do sth.说服某人做/ 不做某事n. have a talk / chat with sb.5. tameadj.驯服的 ~ animals 家禽ant wild animalsvt . 驯养；驯服 tame a monkey 驯猴6. tapv. 轻拍 ~ sb on the shouldern. a. 轻敲feel a ~ on one’s shoulderb. 龙头 turn off the ~ 关掉龙头7. target ['ta:git]n.靶子；目标；对象hit / miss the ~ 击中/未击中目标，aim at the ~, ~ language 目的语become the ~ of/forvt.作为同标；瞄准 target women as their primary customers8. tasten. a. 味；味道 a sense of ~ 味觉，to one’s ~合…口味b. 品味；爰好have ~ in music 对音乐霜鉴赏力There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好.vi.尝起来~ sour/bitter/sweetvt.品尝~ the soup9. taxn.税 increase taxes by 5%, pay taxes纳税，income taxes 所得税impose (heavy) taxes on sth 对...征收(重)税vt.对…征税~ sb / sth heavily10. tear [t??]vt.tear-tore-torn 撕；撕裂tear sth open 撕开，tear sth in two, tear sth to pieces 把…撕得粉碎tear oneself away from 忍痛离开 The book is so interesting that I can’t ~ myself awayfrom it.爱不释手tear/pull / knock down the old house拆除旧房子n.眼泪pl be moved to tears, burst into tears / laughter = burst out crying / laughing 11. technique [tek?ni:k]n.技术；方法[c] many techniques for developing language skills12. technology [tek?n?l?d?i]n.技术;工艺(学) [u] with the development of science and technology13. televise [?tel?va?z]vt.用电视播放 be televised live (to sb)直播，be ~ d in colour 彩色转播14. tellv. a. 告诉；讲述tell sb about sth, tell a lie, to tell (you) the truthb. 辨别; 区别tell / distinguish A from B = tell A and B apart 把…区分开c. 断定，确切地说出 No one can tell what will happen in the future.15. t emper [?temp?]n. a. 心情 in a good/mood 心情好b. 脾气lose/keep one’s ~ 发脾气/ 忍住怒气，a bad-tempered man16. temperate [?temp?rit]adj.a. 温带的temperate zonesb. 温和的；有节制的 ~ behavior17. temperature ?tempr?t??(r)]n.温度take one’s ~，have a ~ 发烧, set sth at a low ~18. temporary [?tempr?ri]adj.临时的 a ~ job/bridge ant permanent19. tempt [tempt]vt.引诱~ sb to do / into doing sth Nothing can ~ me to do such a foolish thing, n.temptation [temp?te??n]resist the ~ to do / of sth 抵制(做)…的诱惑20. tendv. a. 照管；护理 tend the sick = attend (to) / take care of / care for the sickb. 倾向；易于 tend to do sth 倾向于 The world population ~s to increase.21. tendency [?tend?nsi]n.趋势；趋向 ~to do sth, show a ~ to improve, have a ~ to do sthThere’s a growing ~ for students to study abroad.学生出国学习的趋势日益增长.22. tender [?tend?]adj. a. 嫩的 a ~ plantb. 温柔的；亲切的be ~ to children23. tensen.时态 the future ~adj. 紧张的~ muscles，a ~ game/atmospheren.tension24. termn. a. 学期 a mid-term examb. 术语 medical terms 医学术语c. 任期 a ~ of 4 yearsin the long/medium/short ~ 就长/中/短期而言， a long-term investmentin terms of 按照；用…的话，从…来说 estimate value in terms of money用钱衡量价值25. terrific [t??r?f?k]adj. a. 可怕的 a ~ tornado, drive at a ~ speedb. 极好的have a ~ time26. terror [?ter?(r)]n.恐怖to one’s ~令人恐惧的是n.terrorism 恐怖主义anti-terrorism 反恐怖n. & adj. terrorist ?attacks 恐怖袭击27. testv. a.测试；测验?sb. on grammarb.试验~ a new drug on animals / sbc.检查have on e’s eyesight ?edd.检验~one’s honesty / the quality of watern. a.测试；测验an intelligence~, He scored 90 on the ~b.化验have a blood ~验血c.考验 a severe ~严峻的考验stand the test经得起考验put sth to the test检验某物28. textn.课文；短信息read the?send a ~message to sb给…发短信息vt. 向…发短信息29. thankn.感谢Thanks a lot.express one's heart-felt thanks to sb 向…表示衷心的感谢thanks to 多亏;由于Thanks to the soldiers, the fire was soon brought under control.syn owing to / due to/ because of / on account of/ as a result ofvt.谢谢thank sb for (doing) sth.adj.thankful be ~to sb. for one's help30. thatpron. This is Mary (speaking). Who’s that?The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Suzhou.That car of Peter’s is always breaking down.that is (to say) 即;就是说conj.All that glitters is not gold. 发光的并非都是金子.It is I that/ who am to blame. 我该受责备.The news that he died was a shock to me.in that因为TV is different from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.adv.如此I can’t walk that (= so) far.It isn’t worth all that much. 不值那么多钱31. theft [θef t]n.偷窃insure a house against fire and 为房子保火险和先窃险32. thereadv.over there, here and there到处there and then = then and there当时当地There goes the bell. There’re five minutes to go / left / to spare.There + live / stand / lie l exist... There+seem/ happen / appear....There’s no need to do sth, =It's not necessary to do sth.There being no bus, we had to walk homeThere’s no doubt that... =No doubt 毫无疑问There's no possibility / chance / hope of doing sth / that... There is no point / sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义. There’s no denying (the fact) that,无可西认…There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好，There is a growing tendency (for sb) to do sth.There is growing / widespread concern over/ about sth. Where there is a will, there is a way.33. thinkv.想；认为I don’t?it wi ll rain today.What do you ?has happened to the boy?I think him to be honestthink only of one’s own comfortWhat do you think of …?think highly/ well/little/poorly of对…评价高/ 好/ 不好not think much of对...评价不髙think of sth as, think about sth,think back to one’s school days 回想起学生时代think sth over仔细考虑,think up想出think aloud自言自语n.thought34. thirsty [?θ?:sti]adj. a. 口渴的feel thirstyb.渴望的be ?/ hungry for knowledge 渴望知识c. (土地等)干燥的；干旱的?land35. thorough['θ?r?]adj.彻底的；完全的give the room a ~ cleaning = clean theroom thoroughly36. thoughconj a.虽然；尽管Though ifs hard work, I enjoy it.b. 虽然Child though / as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，但他懂得很多.adv. 可是，不过，然而(置句末，其前常用逗号) He said he would come; he didn't, though.37. thoughtn思考；思索be deep / lost in~ 沉思,food for?需要仔细考虑的东西with no thought for one’s own safety 不顾个人安全，on second thoughts再三考虑后Second thoughts are best三思而后行.at the thought / sight / sound / mention of sth. 一想到/ 看到/ 听到/ 提到38. thoughtful['θ??tf?l; -f(?)l]adj. 考處周到的，深思的a ~ person, It’s ~of you to give me a lift,syn. considerate39. thousandnum. (several / many) thousands of, tens of thousands of people 成千上万个人40. thread [0red]n. a, a needle and?b,思路；头绪follow / lose the of sth. 跟上/失去…头绪vt.a,~ a needle 穿针b. thread one’s way through the crowd挤过人群41. threat[θret]n. 威胁；恐吓a?to sb. / sth. ，make threats against sb. 对…恐吓42. threaten['θret(?)n]vt. 威胁?sb. with sth., ~ to do sth.sb. with punishment, be ~ed with extinction, ~ to kill all the passengers43.three num.a three-legged table, three of uscf. the three of us 我们三人(共三人)in twos and threes三三两两地44. through[θru:]prep. & adv.a.(空间)穿过，通过go ~ a tunnel, get in ~ the windowb. (时间)从头至未；[美]直到all?the year, Monday?Fridayc. (方法/手段) 经由，用，凭借through personal experience通过亲身经历d, (做)完read a book ~, be halfway through the book 书读了一半，be?(with sth.)完成c, 全部be wet ~ = be wet all over 浑身湿透push / force / squeeze one’s way through the crowd挤过人群go through / experience / undergo great changes 经历巨大变化all through one’s life = throughout one’s life 终身see througha.看穿see ?sb. / one’s trickb. see sth. / sb. through 干完；帮助...度过难关live througha.活过~the nightb.经历~~（= experience）two world warsput sb. through (to sb.) 为某人接通电话45. throughout[θru:'aut]prep遍及；贯穿throughout history / the year,throughout the world 全世界46. throw[θr??]vt.扔；掷；拋；投~ the ball to me 扔给，?the stone at the dog 向….扔去throw on / off匆细穿上/ 脱下~ on / off one’s coat，throw off摆脱~~a bad coldthrow sth. away扔掉, throw the door open猛烈推开门n.within a stone's throw (of...)附近He lives within a stone's throw of the school.47. thunder['θ?nd?]n. 雷；雷声hear the~,a ?of applause 雷鸣般的掌声vi. 打雷It ~ed all night.48. thus[e?s]adv.a.如此，这样thus far = so farb.因此thus doing sth., The new machine will work twice as fast, thus greatly reducing costs.49. tiden潮(汐)；潮流；趋势Time and ~ wait for no man,发月不等人.50. tidy['taidi]adj.整齐的，整洁的dean and ~干净整洁51. tie[tai]vt. 系；检；扎?a sheep to the tree,with his hands tied behind him 双手反綁着~up a parcel n. 领带buy a ?to go with one’s shirt, tie a tie 打(领)结52. time [ta?m]n. a. 时间What’s the time?b. 倍Three times four is twelve.c. 次Many a time has he been told not to swim in the river.d. 时代Times are different, keep pace with the limes 与时俱进all the ~一直，始终，at the same ~ 同时，ahead of time/on time 提前/准时at any time / moment随时，some time or other 某个时候at one ~ a. 曾经，一度 At one ~ they were good friends.b. 同时Don’t speak at one ~.cf: at a ~一次 borrow two books at a ~at no time 决不At no time will China turn superpower. 中国决不会成为超级大国.by the time到…为止By the time you come back, he’ll have finished thework.for the time being暂吋，have a good / wonderful time 'from dine to time / at times时常；不时in time be in ~ for the train / to catch the train, in no time 立刻，马上once upon a time, time and again一次一次地，反复Time flies.光阴似箭。

B1. back [bæk]n.背(部);背面仰卧lie on one's ~，at the ~ of the roomadv. 回,回顾来回地~and forth, 回顾look ~ to/on , look ~on / upon one’s childhood adj.后面的; 过期的a. by / through the ~ door 走后门b. a ~ number of the magazinevt. 支持,(使)后退a. ~ = support be ~ed by one’s friendsb. ~the car through the gate2. backward [ˈbækwəd]adj.向后的；落后的a ~glance, a ~ countryadv.向后look ~ (s), ~ (s) and forward(s) = ~ and forth/up and down 来回地3. bacterium [bæk'tɪərɪəm]n.细菌pl bacteria um→a medium / datum / minimum / maximum4. bad [bæd]adj. 变质，严重的，不好的，有害的go ~ ,The fish has gone ~, go from ~to worse 每况愈下have a ~/ an ill name 名声不好，be~for one’s health5. badly [ˈbædli]adv.a.坏，不好，treat sb~b. 严重地；厉害地need / want ~ (=greatly)~in need of repair 急需修理，badly off 潦倒，穷困ant be well off6. balance [ˈbæləns]n . 平衡keep/ upset / destroy / disturb the~of nature, keep the~ between workand play，keep/lose one’s~保持/失去平銜v.a. 称;(使)平衡，~the budget 平衡预算b. 权衡；比较~the two plans,~ the advantages of living in the city against the disadvantagesadj. balanced 平衡的eat a ~ diet 吃均衡饮食7. ball[bɔ:l]n. (盛大正式)舞会be invited to a ~被邀请参加舞会8. barber[ˈbɑ:bə(r)]n. 理发师at the ~’s / the tailor’s / the doctor’s / the dentist’s / my uncle’s，at McDonald’s9. ban [bæn]vt . 禁止；取缔~ sth / doing / sb from (doing) sthSmoking is (strictly) ~ed here, ~ / prohibit sb from smoking = forbid sb to smoken. 禁止；禁令a ~ on sth, impose /put a~on sth 制定…令,lift a~on sth 解除…禁令10. band[bænd]n.a. 群，伙，帮a ~ of robbers 一伙强盗b.乐队 a jazz~c.带(状物）a rubber~橡皮筋11. bare [beə(r)]adj.a.赤裸裸的~hands/feetb.无遮盖的，光秃秃的 a ~ wall/hill光秃秃的山12. bargain [ˈbɑ:gən]n. 特价商品；交易a real / good ~，make a~ with sb 与某人成交vi.讨价还价，议价~ (with sb) (about /over / for sth) ~ with sb over/ about the price13. barrier[ˈbæriə(r)]n.障碍(物）language ~, a ~/ an obstacle to success 成功的一个障碍14. base [beɪs]vt.a. ~ sth on 以…为基础/ 根据The film is ~d on a true story.b.设立；驻扎be ~d in Paris, a London ~d firm总部设在伦敦的公司n. 基础；基地the ~of a house, an air ~空军基地15. basic [ˈbeɪsɪk]adj . 基本的be ~ to, four ~types of blood 四种基本血型cf: three primary colours 16. basis[ˈbeɪsɪs]n. pl bases 基础；根据the economic ~, on the basis of 在…基础上；基于17. battle [ˈbætl]n. 战役；战斗；搏斗fight a ~against pollution 同污染作斗争，win/lose a ~vi . 作战；战斗~with/against, ~against poverty 与贫困作斗争，~for sth 为…斗争，~for equal rightsvt. 与…作战(或斗争）~the enemy syn fight18. bear [beə(r)]vt. bear-bore-borna.忍受~sth / to do/doing I can't ~ the pain / being laughed at.b.承担~a heavy burden / the cost / the responsibilityc.标有Whatever ~s the Red Cross must never be attacked.无论什么上有红十字决不应该受到袭击.d.生育；出生She has born two children, be born equal / deafe. bear / keep sth in mind .记住19. beat [biːt]v. a. ~sb in the face / on the head, ~sb black and blueb.打败~sb at chess No difficulty can ~him. ~the record 打破记录c. ~against/on (风/雨)破打The rain is beating against the window.d. (心脏等)跳动feel my heart ~faste. ~about the bush旁敲侧击n．心跳；节拍the ~of one’s heart20. become [bɪ'kʌm]vi .become of = happen to发生于What has ~ of him?他怎么了？21. before [bɪ'fɔː]prep & adv two days ~his death，~long = soonconj. He had left before I could thank him.It will be / was +一段时间+ beforeIt won’t be long before he returns,cf: It.. .when / that / since22. beg [beg]v.名求；恳求~for sth (from sb), beg sth of sb, ~sb to do sthbeg for money from passers-by 向过路人讨钱，go begging, beg/ ask a favour of sb请某人帮个忙I beg your pardon, reduce sb to begging使某人沦落到乞讨n. beggar23. behave [bɪ'heɪv]vi 举止；表观~well/ badly, behave oneself 举止规范，a well ~d child24. begin [bɪ'gɪn]v. ~with Knowledge with practice.知识来自于实贱，to ~with首先，Well begun is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半.25. beginning [bɪ'gɪnɪŋ]n .at the beginning of this month在本月初, from the (very)〜从开头，from ~to end 从头至未26. behind [bi'haind]prep.behind schedule没有按期run out from behind the doorShut the door 〜you.随手关门adv. fall〜(others)落后(于人),stay〜after school 放学后留下,leave sth behind把—留下27. belief [bɪ'liːf]n.相信；信念；信仰have 〜insyn. believe in / trust (in) / have trust in28. believe [bɪ'liːv]v. 相信；认为~one’s eyes, I ~so/not, believe it or not信不信由你Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见.~sb to be honest / that sb is honest, It’s generally ~d that..believe in信任,相信…存在I believe m him.~ in God / ghosts相信上帝/鬼的存在29. belong [bɪ'lɒŋ]v. belong to 属于books belonging to the library30. belt [belt]n. 带子Fasten your seat / safety belt.系好安金带31. bend [bend]vt. 使弯曲〜the wire up，be bent with age 年老驼背vi.弯曲〜down and pick it up弯腰捡起它n.弯曲；(道路)转弯处a sharp ~急转弯32. benefit ['benɪfɪt]vt.有益于His advice〜ed us.vi.得益〜from/by We --ed from his advice.n. a.利益；好处for the〜of sb为了…利益，be of〜to sb对某人有益b.救济金;抚恤金unemployment〜t失业补助a义赛；义演a 〜concert33. benefit ['benɪfɪt]adj.有益的be 〜to sth / sbHis advice is 〜to / is of benefit to / benefits / docs good to us.= We benefit from his advice.34. besides [bɪ'saɪdz]prep.除...以外还有I have three other dictionaries 〜this one.adv. 而且，此外I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too tired.35. best [best]do/try one’s best, look one’s best看上去最美/ 漂亮hope for the best and prepare for the worst抱最好的希望，作最坏的打算to the best of one’s ability / knowledge尽自已所能/ 就某人所知make the best of善用(不好处境）East, west, home is best.金窝，银窝，不如自己的草窝.best- seller畅销的产品（尤指书)，best-selling adj. 畅销的；流行的best-selling novels36. bet [bet]v. bet-bet-bet / betted-betted打赌〜on sth 对---打赌，〜thatHe bet me ten dollars on John’s coming / that John would come.I bet that( I am sure that) 我敢肯定…n. make a 〜on sth =bet on sth对某物打赌37. better [ˈbetə(r)]adj be better off 境况好转, Prevention is - than cure.预防胜于治疗.(It is) Better late than never,迟做耍比不做好. I’m much / by far / far better today, adv had ~ do sth, no ~ than 不比...好，和...一样糟，（You had) Better stay at home.know better than to do很明白(而不至于）You ought to know better than to trust her.n change for the better / the worse变好/ 变坏，all the better更好38. between [bi'twi:n]prep ~ you and ourselves = ~秘密地，read ~ the lines 理解字里行间的意思adv in ~在中间；每间隔two years in between中间间隔2年39. beyond [bɪˈjɒnd]adv在更远处prep (空间)在…的那一边；远于;(时间)迟于;(范围)超出He lives ~ the river. ~ repair不能修理~ one’s reach / one’s po wer伸手够不着/超出…能力~ description无法形容，The book is ~ me.送本书我看不懂，40. bill [bɪl]n a.议案，法案propose / pass a ~b.帐单pay a ~c.纸币，钞票41. bind [baind]vt bind-bound-bounda.捆绑；捆扎bind (up) a wound 包扎伤口b.使粘合bound adj be ~ to do stha. 一定He is to succeed.b.有责任be ~ to obey the law42. bird [bɜ:d]n A ~ in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过两鸟在林.kill two ~ s with one stone一箭双雕，a ~’s eye view 鸟瞰图，全景43. birth[bɜ:θ]n birth rate 出生率，give birth to生(育)；产生be blind from birth, He’s English by birth.44. bit [bɪt]n a ~ = a tittle, a ~ of/a little rain, not a ~ not at all 一点也不cf: not a little 非常bit by bit / little by little / step by step浙渐地do one’s bit尽自己的一份力量45. bitter [ˈbɪtə(r)]adj 苦的；难以忍受的Good medicine tastes ~ , ~wind 刺骨的寒风46. black[blæk]adj & n ~coffee 淡咖啡，(beat sb) ~ and blue (把某人打得)青一块紫一块47. blame[bleɪm]vt 责怪(sb) be to blame (for sth) He is to blame for / is responsible for the failure.blame sb for sth / blame sth on sb He me for the failure. = He ~d the failure on me.be seriously ~d for one’s neglect of duty, A bad workman always blames his tools.n lay / put the blame on sb (for sth) 把某事归咎于某人48. blank [blæŋk]n空白(处)，空格fill in the ~ s 填空adj a ~ sheet of paper 一张白纸49. blanket[ˈblæŋkɪt]n毯子；覆盖物/层a ~ of (厚厚的)一层50. bless [bles]vt 为…祝福，为...求神赐福/保佑May God - you / God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！be blessed with 幸运地享有(sb）be blessed with good health, a mixed blessing 喜忧参半51. blind [blaɪnd]adj 失明的go blind , be blind in the right eyebe blind to / turn a ~ eye to sth对...视而不见be ~to one’s faultsvt 使失明/ 眼花be ~ ed in one eye —只眼睛被弄瞎n blindness 瞎52. block [blɒk]n a ~ of ice 一块冰，walk two ~ svt 堵塞，阻碍prevent the pipe from being ~ ed53. bloom [blu:m]n开花come into bloom, in (full) bloomvi开花The roses ~ in spring.54. blow[bləʊ]v 吹，刮The wind is ~ing hard, ~ a whistle 吹口哨，~ one's hat off 吹走~out a candle 吹灭，~ up (= explode) the bridge 炸毁n打击a heavy ~ to sb55. board [bɔ:d]n a.(木)板；船舷notice ~ 布告栏b. ~ of directors 董亊会c. on board (the ship / the plane)在(船/机)上vt a.(登)上~ the plane / trainb. a boarding school 寄宿制学校56. boast [bəʊst]v自吹自掼；吹嘘; 以拥有…而自豪~ about/of sthn make a ~ of sth57. boil [bɔɪl]vi沸腾；烧开Water ~ s at 100° c. boiling point, boiling watercf: boiled waterboil down to归结为，简化为vt漱(沸)；烧开~me two eggs58. book[bʊk]vt 预订~ a table / a seat / a room / a ticket, ~ a seat for tonight's concertThe hotel is fully booked up.旅馆订满了syn ~reserve a ticket / a room / a restaurant for sb59. boom [buːm]n. 繁荣(期); 激增，暴涨; 低沉声a boom in the economy/car sales…的繁荣/…的激增v.(使)繁荣；激增；(使)迅速发展；发出低沉声The economy/Business is booming.经济繁荣，生意兴旺60. bore [bɔː]vt.令人厌烦be bored to death厌烦死了be bored with=be tired of/be sick of/be fed up with对……感到厌烦61. born [bɔːn]adj.出生的,问世的,诞生的; 天生的,命中注定的be born into a poor family, be born of parents, be born deaf/equal生来就聋/平等No one is born wise.He is a born singer=He is born a singer.62. both [bəʊθ]adj.& prep. both hands, both (of) the books/her students, both…and…63. bother ['bɒðə]vt.打扰; 使烦恼~ bother/trouble sb with foolish questionsI’m sorry to bother you.打扰你我很抱歉。

L1. label['leɪb(ə)l]n.标签；标记put a label on the bottlevt.用标签标明；归类label the bottle poison, label sb as a clever student2. lack n.缺乏；没有make up for one's ~ of experience, for / through ~ of 由于缺乏vt.缺乏；没有= be short of lack courageadj. lacking be lacking in 缺乏3. ladies and gentlemen4. lastadj.the ~ to come, the last time I saw him,the last thing sb wants to do最不愿意做的事adv.at (long) ~ 最后~ but not least最后但不是最不重要的，~ but one/ two倒数第二/ 第三vi.持续The meeting ~ed (for) three hours. May the friendship between us last forever.vt.够(…)用The food will last (us) 3 days,sting~ friendship/ peace5. late adj. in one’s late fifties, in the late 1980’sbe ~ for the meeting, be ~ with one’s homework 迟交作业,her ~ husband 她已故的丈夫It’s never too ~ to learn/ mend. Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好.adv. marry ~/ young, stay up late, late in the fall 深秋cf: lately = recently 近来6. lateradj.较晚的in later yearster on后来; five days later, sooner or later7. latestadj.最近的the ~ news, dressed in the ~ fashionn.at the latest 最晚8. latter['lætə] adj.a. 后面的；后半的the ~ half of the yearb. 后者the former …the ~前者…后者9. laughvi.~ at sb. He laughs best who laughs last.burst out laughing/ crying= burst into laughter/ tears10. launch vt.a. 发起，发动~/ make an attack on/ upon对...发动进攻，~ a campaignb. 发射~a manned spaceship into spacec. 使(船)下水d. 推出(新产品) launch a new productn. 发射;发动;船下水;推出the ~ of a spaceship/ a campaign/ a ship/ new product11. law n.break/ be against the ~ 违法be protected by law受法律保护~ and order 法治take the law into one’s own hands 擅自处理mother-in-law岳母12. lay vt.放置;放下lay/ put stress/ emphasis on, lay a solid foundation for sth~/ put the blame on sb, ~ the table摆桌子(准备吃饭), lay eggs下蛋lay sb off下岗lay down one’s arms/ one’s life for sth/ the law放下武器/ 为...牺牲/ 制定法律13. a layer of一层a thin/ thick layer of ice14. leadvi.lead toa. 导致Hard work leads to (=results in) success.b. 通向All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗/殊途同归。

H1.habitn 习惯have/be in the ~ of doing sthform / cultivate the ~ of doing sth养成...的习惯fall/get into the ~of doing sth染上…习惯get out of a bad ~ 改掉坏习惯break / cure sb of a ~ 使…改掉某种习惯，Habit is second nature习惯成自然2.halfWell begun is ~ done.良好的开端是成功的—半cut sth in half / into halvesa year and a half = one and a half years3.halfwayadv在中途；半路上Don’t give up ~.~ through the book书看了一半：4.hammer [ˈhæmə(r)]n 铁锤，榔头hit the nail into the wall with a ~vt 用锤击，用榔头敲~ the nail in5.handvt hand in 上交，递交hand out 分发,hand sth to sb把…递给某人hand sth down (to sb)给(某人）stories ~ed down / passed on from generation to generationhand sth over 移交；交出hand sth over to sb 移交给某人ant take sth over from sbn give / lend sb a ~ (with sth)帮忙, shake ~ s with sb = shake one’s ~ =sb by the ~take the law into one’s own hands擅自处理hand in hand手拉手at hand在附近/手头at first / second hand 直接/ 间接；第一手/ 第二手by hand 用手clothes made by ~on one hand …, on the other handhands up!举起手来.Hands off!请勿动手A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜过两鸟在林.6.handle[ˈhændl]v a. (用手)触；模；拿；Don’t ~ goods in the shop. Handle with care小心轻放b. 处理；对付~a problem / a difficult situationsyn cope with / deal withc.操作；管理~ a machinevi柄；把手fix a handle on the door7.handy adj方便的；手边的；手巧的come in handy迟早有用8.hangvt a.悬挂hang – hung-- hung ~ the picture on the wallvi 悬挂；吊The lamp ~s from the ceiling,hang up 挂断电话；ant hold on / hold the linehang around / about 闲荡；徘徊b. hang-hanged-hanged 吊死，绞死He was hanged for murder.记忆诀窍：规规矩矩上吊，乱七八遭挂衣服\9.happen[ˈhæpən]v a.碰巧syn chance (sb / sth) chance to cloIt + chance that…It + happen / seem / appear / be said / be reported / be known / be believed / befound + that …= Sb / Sth + happen / seem / appear / be said / be reported / beknown …+ to do sth.It (so) h appened / chanced that he had seen the film.= He ~ed / chanced to have seen the film,b.发生(sth) ~ to sb What do you think has ~ed to him?10.happyadj be ~ / pleased/with 对…感到满意n.happiness n bring ~to sbThose who bring happiness to others are the happiest.share in one’s troubles as well as erne’s happiness= share joys and sorrows with sb 和…同甘共苦12.hardadj a.(困)难的It's ~ to say.b.艰苦的；艰难的 4 years of ~work, have a ~ timec.坚硬的as ~ as rockd.严厉的；苛刻的be ~ on sb对…苛刻adv a. rain ~ / heavilyb.hard~ earned money 血汗钱13.harmvt伤害~ sb / the relations between two countriesn do sb ~ / good / a favour, do more ~ than good, He meant no ~他并无恶意.There is no - in doing sth做…无害处.adj be harmful / harmless to14.harmony['hɑːmənɪ]n和睦；融洽；协调live together in harmony / peace = live together harmoniously / peacefully 和睦地住在一起live a peaceful life, in / out of harmony (with sth / sb)(和…)协调/ 不协调adj harmonious15.harvest['hɑːvɪst]n收割，收获 A timely snow promises a good~瑞雪兆丰年.vt收剌，收获get in / ~ the crops收割庄稼16.hatevt僧恨；不喜欢I ~ delays / to be delayed / being delayedn hatred have a ~ for sb17.havevt have sb do = get sb to do sth,~ trouble / difficulty (in) doinghave sth done, have sb doing让某人一直做某事，won’t have sb doing不允许某人做have sth / nothing to do with和…有关/ 无关，have / take several days, off 休息几天have every reason to do sth 完全有理由做某事，have a break (= rest)have sth / nothing in common with …（和…)有/ 没有共同点18.headn a.头hit sb on the ~b.头脑Use your ~.动动脑筋.c.首长；主任 a ~ of state~ of the English Departmentd.(牲畜)头数50 head of cattle 50头牛eat / talk / smoke one’s ~ off 拼命吃/ 讲/ 抽烟，hold one's ~ high 趾髙气扬，shake one’s ~vt率领~ the delegation率领代表团vi head for前往19.healthn健康health food 保健食品,be good/bad for enjoy good health build up one’s ~增强体质，one's mental and physical ~ 身心健康，in good/ poor ~身体好/ 不好Health is better than wealth. I wish you good health and a long life. 20.healthyadj健康的；健壮的keep healthy / fit = stay healthy, keep sb ~ / fitant unhealthy ~ diet / lifestyle不良的饮食/生活方式21.heap[hiːp]n a.一堆 a ~of stonesb. a heap of = heaps of 许多have a ~of / ~ s of work to dov~ up堆起来~ up stones22.hearvt hear about / of, ~ from sb,hear sb doing / do,~ sth done, make oneself heard 23.heartn lose~ 灰心，break one's ~伤心，learn / know sth by heart, put one’s heart into专心win one’s~ =win the~of sb赢得某人的欢心，heart and soul全心全意fromthe bottom of one’s ~ 从心底里，one’s~ sinks 感到失望24.heartbreakn心碎；伤心事save a lot of ~免去许多伤心事He was heartbroken to hear the heartbreaking news.25.heatn高温；热(量）vt加热be ~ed to a high temperatureheatedadj热烈的；激烈的 a heated discussion热烈的讨论but hot topic热门话题26.heavyadj a ~ rain, a ~ blow to sb, a ~ smoker / drinker, ~ traffic, ~losses / fine 巨大的损失/重罚27.helpv help sb with sth,~ sb (to) do sth, help to / serve to do有助于Help yourself to sth请随便吃…,can't ~ doing sth情不自禁做cannot help but do = have to do忍不住/ 不得不I cannot help but admire his courage, help sb out 帮助某人克服困难be willing to help sb outn.be of great help (to sb), It’s a great ~ to me. with the help / aid of28.helpful adj.be helpful to sb, be helpful in doing sth在…有用29. hero n.英雄；男主角，男主人公adj.heroic die a heroic death30. hesitate["heziteit]vi犹豫〜to do sth Don't ~ to ask me if you have any questions.〜about/over sth /whether…对…犹豫n. hesitation犹豫without〜毫不犹豫; a moments hesitation片刻的犹豫31. hide v.隐藏；掩蔽~/ conceal sth from sb;~the knife from childrenadj. hidden a ~meaning / rule隐藏的意义/潜规则32. highadj.sing 〜praise for 高度称赞; have a 〜opinion ofadv. jump high跳得髙33. highly adv.髙度；很，非常speak / think ~ of 高度称赞/赞扬34. highlight [hailait]n.最突出(或精彩/ 蓴要的)部分the ~ of the football match / the lecturevt.以强光照射；突出；强调facts that ~ the need for change35. hint[hint] n. 暗示drop / give sb a ~ ; take a ~领会;暗示36. hire ['haɪə]n. 租用for hire待租, on hire出租vt. a.(暂时)雇用（某人）hire sb=employ sbb.(暂时)租用(某物）hire sth (from sb)hire a bike / a car / a boat / a wedding-dress hire (out) the boat by the hourcf: rent rent a house / land / a video / a telephone37.historical [hɪ'stɒrɪk(ə)l]adj. 历史的〜novel历史小说,〜people and events历史人物和事件(真人真事）cf:historic历史上著名的，有历史意义的a ~city / spot38.hitvt. a.击(中)；碰撞~ sb ( on the head / in the face)b.袭击The earthquake hit / struck .. killing...injuring..，and leaving....homeless...发生了地震，死了...伤了...；使……无家可归.c. 想到I hit upon an idea. =An idea occurred / struck me.n. a.宙；碰撞b.成功而轰动一时的物(电影/唱片等)或人The new film is quite a hit.39. hobby ['hɒbɪ]n.take up / develop / follow a hobby40. holdv. a.抓住；抱住；持有~a baby in one's arms , ~the view that,..持有这样的观点b. 容纳The hall can 〜/ seat 800 people.c.担任hold a leading / an important position in the companyhold one’s attention/breath,; hold one’s head high趾髙气扬hold back阻挡；抑制h old back one’s tears ,hold the line = hold on (电话)別挂断；坚持，hold on to sth抓住不放hold out伸出；提供；坚持hold out one’s hand; ~ out little hope of her recovery 对……几乎不抱希望hold (sb / sth) up阻止；延误；举起hold up the traffic;hold up one's handn. catch / get / seize / take 〜of 抓住，lose ~ of放掉41. holiday n.on 〜度假，public / national summer / winter ~s = summer / winter vacation 42. hollow ['hɒləʊ ]adj.空(心)的；凹(形)的;(声音)空洞的；虛伪的Bamboo is hollow.竹子是中空的.n. 凹陷处；坑，洞43.homeadv.go ~n. a. home-cooked mealsb. a 〜for the aged 养老院c. at ~ ; news at ~ and abroad; feel at〜撼到自在；无拘束make yourself at~ 随便；別拘束44.honest ['ɒnɪst]adj诚实的；正直的be - / frank (with sb)；I think / believe her to be45.honesty['anisti]n Honesty is the best policy46.honour['ɒnə]n荣誉；名誉；崇敬adj honorable可敬的；尊敬的It is an honor to do sth.win ~ for 为…赢得荣誉！in ~ of sb为了向…表示敬意；为了纪念 A party will be held in ~ of the winners.have the ~ to do sth；graduate with ~s以优异的成绩毕业vt尊敬；向…表示敬意；给…荣誉an ~ed guest贵宾；feel ~ed to do sth因做某亊感到荣幸〜sb with a medal授予奖牌〜sb for sth因…嘉奖某人47.hook[huk]n钩子fish ~ 钓鱼钩v钩；钩住be hooked on沉溺于；get hooked on football48. hop[hɒp]vi单足跳跃;（弹)跳vt跳过，跃过;（口) 跳上(开动的车）hop on a busn单足跳；一段旅程49.hope[həʊp]v~ to do / for sth / that~ for the best and prepare for the worst, I hope so / notn beyond / past ~;place / pin / lay ~ s on sb 寄希望于某人hold out no / some hope of对…不抱希望/抱有一些希望in the hope of sth/that…抱着...的希望There’s no / little / not much / some - (of doing sth / that…).There is not much ~ of their being still alive / that they are still alive adj hopeful ant hopeless50.horizon[hə'raɪz(ə)n]n a.地平线appear on the ~ ;above / below the ~b.(pl) 视野；眼界broaden one’s horizons/views = expand one’s ~ 扩大视野51.horror['hɒrə]n恐怖;恐惧be filled with ~ at the bad newsadj horrible恐惧的；可怕的52.hostn a.东道主a ~ country / nation 东道国b.主人a ~ family; act as a ~ at a dinner partyc.= presenter 节目主持人;the ~ of tonight’s showhostess女主人；女主持人vt a.招待~ the visitorsb.主办~ the Olympic Gamesc.主持~ a TV talk-show53.hostage['hɒstɪdʒ]n人质hold/take sb ~ 把…作为人质扣留54.householdn家庭a household name 家喻户晓的名字;household / electrical appliances 家用电器55. human['hjuːmən]adj人的；人类的human progress 人类进步n= human being syn man / mankind56.humble['hʌmbl]adj a.(地位等)低下；卑微的 a man of ~ birth出身卑微的人b.谦虛的；谦逊的in my ~ opinionKnowledge makes one humble, while ignorance makes one proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲.c.简陋的；低劣的a〜home简陋的家57.humour['hjuːmə]n a.幽默have a / no sense of ~b.心情in a good ~ / mood / temper58.hundreds of,hundreds of,millions of,tens of thousands of59.hunger['hʌŋgə]n(饥)饿die of starve to death, have a ~ for 渴望vi~ for sth 渴望60.hungry['hʌŋgrɪ]adj go ~ (for charity) (为慈善)挨饿;be ~ for/after knowledge 渴望知识n&v hunger61.huntvt打猎；搜寻~ wild animals / an escaped criminal打野生动物/追捕逃犯vi打猎；搜寻go hunting;~ for a job找工作62.hurryv hurry up；~ away/ off n in a hurry adv hurriedly63.hurtvt a.使…受伤(肉体）He is more frightened than hurt.与其说他受伤了而不如说他受惊了.b.使痛苦(精神）~ one’s feelings伤…感情vi痛My foot still ~s.。

T1.tailor [ˈteɪlə(r)]n 裁缝go to the〜’s到裁缝店做衣服v a. 缝制(衣服等）a well—ed coatb.(调整)使适应〜sth. to sth., tailor sth. to one’s needs〜my teaching style to the needs of my students2.take[teɪk]v. 拿，取；带领；就(座/职)；服碑)；搭乘(车船等)；量(体温等)；釆取;理解take/catch /seize hold of 抓住take it / things easy 别紧张；别着急;慢慢来take A for B = mistake A for B 把A 误认为Btake the lead 带头，领先take sth. into account / consideration = take account of sth. 考虑take one’s own life = commit suicide / kill oneself 自杀take place 发生，take the place of 替代，take one’s place 就座take one’s time不慌不忙，慢慢来，take the form of以…的形式呈现take turns (at) doing sth. / to do sth. = do sth. by turns 轮流做某事take sth. for granted, take it for granted that…想当然take to sb. / sth. 喜欢take after = resemble 相象He takes after his mother.take sth. apart 将..拆开take sth. away (from sb. / sth.)take/ have...off 休息take three days / Monday off 休息三天/ 周一休息take back收回(话）I take back what I saidtake sth. down a.拿下b.记下take ina.吸收~ ~ (=absorb) oxygen / knowledgeb.接纳He’s homeless. Let’s ~ him ~.c.欺骗take sb inYou were taken in.d.理解~ ~ the meaning of the sentencetake offa.起飞The plane took off despite the fog.b.脱下~ ~ your coat / hat / shoesc.突然成功take ona.呈现~ ~ a new look 焕然一新b.雇用~ ~ new staffc.接受；承担~ ~ extra work / heavy responsibilitytake sth. over接管~ ~ the company from his fatherant hand sth. over to his son把…移交给他儿子take upa.拿起~ ~ one’s penb.占(时间/ 空间）~ ~too much room / all one’s spare timec.开始从事~ ~writing / a job as a teacherd.继续~ ~ the story where we left offf. The skirt needs taking up (= shortening).3.talent [ˈtælənt]n.才能；人才have a ~ / a gift forhave a ~/ gift for music 有音乐的才能China's Got Talent中国达人秀adj. talented = gifted有天才的；有才干的a ~ student 4.talk [tɔ:k]v. talk to/with sb, talk about/of sth. 谈到talk sth. over with sb.= discuss sth. with sb.talk/ argue / persuade / reason sb. into / out of (doing) sth.= persuade sb. to do / not to do sth.说服某人做/ 不做某事n. have a talk / chat with sb.5. tameadj.驯服的 ~ animals 家禽ant wild animalsvt . 驯养；驯服 tame a monkey 驯猴6. tapv. 轻拍 ~ sb on the shouldern. a. 轻敲 feel a ~ on one’s shoulderb. 龙头 turn off the ~ 关掉龙头7. target ['ta:git]n.靶子；目标；对象hit / miss the ~ 击中/未击中目标，aim at the ~, ~ language 目的语become the ~ of/forvt.作为同标；瞄准 target women as their primary customers8. tasten. a. 味；味道 a sense of ~ 味觉，to one’s ~合…口味b. 品味；爰好have ~ in music 对音乐霜鉴赏力There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好.vi.尝起来~ sour/bitter/sweetvt.品尝~ the soup9. taxn.税 increase taxes by 5%, pay taxes纳税，income taxes 所得税impose (heavy) taxes on sth 对...征收(重)税vt.对…征税~ sb / sth heavily10. tear [tɪə]vt.tear-tore-torn 撕；撕裂tear sth open 撕开，tear sth in two, tear sth to pieces 把…撕得粉碎tear oneself away from 忍痛离开 The book is so interesting that I can’t ~ myself awayfrom it.爱不释手tear/pull / knock down the old house拆除旧房子n.眼泪 pl be moved to tears, burst into tears / laughter = burst out crying / laughing 11. technique [tekˈni:k]n.技术；方法[c] many techniques for developing language skills12. technology [tekˈnɒlədʒi]n.技术;工艺(学) [u] with the development of science and technology13. televise [ˈtelɪvaɪz]vt.用电视播放 be televised live (to sb)直播，be ~ d in colour 彩色转播14. tellv. a. 告诉；讲述tell sb about sth, tell a lie, to tell (you) the truthb. 辨别; 区别tell / distinguish A from B = tell A and B apart 把…区分开c. 断定，确切地说出 No one can tell what will happen in the future.15. t emper [ˈtempə]n. a. 心情 in a good/mood 心情好b. 脾气 lose/keep one’s ~ 发脾气/ 忍住怒气，a bad-tempered man16. temperate [ˈtempərit]adj.a. 温带的temperate zonesb. 温和的；有节制的 ~ behavior17. temperature ˈtemprətʃə(r)]n.温度take one’s ~，have a ~ 发烧, set sth at a low ~18. temporary [ˈtemprəri]adj.临时的 a ~ job/bridge ant permanent19. tempt [tempt]vt.引诱~ sb to do / into doing sth Nothing can ~ me to do such a foolish thing, n.temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]resist the ~ to do / of sth 抵制(做)…的诱惑20. tendv. a. 照管；护理 tend the sick = attend (to) / take care of / care for the sickb. 倾向；易于 tend to do sth 倾向于 The world population ~s to increase.21. tendency [ˈtendənsi]n.趋势；趋向 ~to do sth, show a ~ to improve, have a ~ to do sthThere’s a growing ~ for students to study abroad.学生出国学习的趋势日益增长.22. tender [ˈtendə]adj. a. 嫩的 a ~ plantb. 温柔的；亲切的be ~ to children23. tensen.时态 the future ~adj. 紧张的~ muscles，a ~ game/atmospheren.tension24. termn. a. 学期 a mid-term examb. 术语 medical terms 医学术语c. 任期 a ~ of 4 yearsin the long/medium/short ~ 就长/中/短期而言， a long-term investmentin terms of 按照；用…的话，从…来说 estimate value in terms of money用钱衡量价值25. terrific [təˈrɪfɪk]adj. a. 可怕的 a ~ tornado, drive at a ~ speedb. 极好的have a ~ time26. terror [ˈterə(r)]n.恐怖to one’s ~令人恐惧的是n.terrorism 恐怖主义anti-terrorism 反恐怖n. & adj. terrorist 〜attacks 恐怖袭击27. testv. a.测试；测验〜sb. on grammarb.试验~ a new drug on animals / sbc.检查have one’s eyesight 〜edd.检验~one’s honesty / the quality of watern. a.测试；测验an intelligence~, He scored 90 on the ~b.化验have a blood ~验血c.考验 a severe ~严峻的考验stand the test经得起考验put sth to the test检验某物28. textn.课文；短信息read the〜send a ~message to sb给…发短信息vt. 向…发短信息29. thankn.感谢Thanks a lot.express one's heart-felt thanks to sb 向…表示衷心的感谢thanks to 多亏;由于Thanks to the soldiers, the fire was soon brought under control.syn owing to / due to/ because of / on account of/ as a result ofvt.谢谢thank sb for (doing) sth.adj.thankful be ~to sb. for one's help30. thatpron. This is Mary (speaking). Who’s that?The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Suzhou.That car of Peter’s is always breaking down.that is (to say) 即;就是说conj.All that glitters is not gold. 发光的并非都是金子.It is I that/ who am to blame. 我该受责备.The news that he died was a shock to me.in that因为TV is different from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.adv.如此I can’t walk that (= so) far.It isn’t worth all that much. 不值那么多钱31. theft [θeft]n.偷窃insure a house against fire and 为房子保火险和先窃险32. thereadv.over there, here and there到处there and then = then and there当时当地There goes the bell. There’re five minutes to go / left / to spare.There + live / stand / lie l exist... There+seem/ happen / appear....There’s no need to do sth, =It's not necessary to do sth.There being no bus, we had to walk homeThere’s no doubt that... =No doubt 毫无疑问There's no possibility / chance / hope of doing sth / that...There is no point / sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义.There’s no denying (the fact) that,无可西认…There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好，There is a growing tendency (for sb) to do sth.There is growing / widespread concern over/ about sth.Where there is a will, there is a way.33. thinkv.想；认为I don’t〜it will rain today.What do you 〜has happened to the boy?I think him to be honestthink only of one’s own comfortWhat do you think of …?think highly/ well/little/poorly of对…评价高/ 好/ 不好not think much of对...评价不髙think of sth as, think about sth,think back to one’s school days 回想起学生时代think sth over仔细考虑,think up想出think aloud自言自语n.thought34. thirsty [ˈθɜ:sti]adj. a. 口渴的feel thirstyb.渴望的be 〜/ hungry for knowledge 渴望知识c. (土地等)干燥的；干旱的〜land35. thorough['θʌrə]adj.彻底的；完全的give the room a ~ cleaning = clean the room thoroughly36. thoughconj a.虽然；尽管Though ifs hard work, I enjoy it.b. 虽然Child though / as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，但他懂得很多.adv. 可是，不过，然而(置句末，其前常用逗号) He said he would come; he didn't, though.37. thoughtn思考；思索be deep / lost in~ 沉思,food for〜需要仔细考虑的东西with no thought for one’s own safety 不顾个人安全，on second thoughts再三考虑后Second thoughts are best三思而后行.at the thought / sight / sound / mention of sth. 一想到/ 看到/ 听到/ 提到38. thoughtful['θɔːtfʊl; -f(ə)l]adj. 考處周到的，深思的a ~ person, It’s ~of you to give me a lift,syn. considerate39. thousandnum. (several / many) thousands of, tens of thousands of people 成千上万个人40. thread [0red]n. a, a needle and〜b,思路；头绪follow / lose the of sth. 跟上/失去…头绪vt.a,~ a needle 穿针b. thread one’s way through the crowd挤过人群41. threat[θret]n. 威胁；恐吓a〜to sb. / sth. ，make threats against sb. 对…恐吓42. threaten['θret(ə)n]vt. 威胁〜sb. with sth., ~ to do sth.〜sb. with punishment, be ~ed with extinction, ~ to kill all the passengers43.three num.a three-legged table, three of uscf. the three of us 我们三人(共三人)in twos and threes三三两两地44. through[θru:]prep. & adv.a.(空间)穿过，通过go ~ a tunnel, get in ~ the windowb. (时间)从头至未；[美]直到all〜the year, Monday〜Fridayc. (方法/手段) 经由，用，凭借through personal experience通过亲身经历d, (做)完read a book ~, be halfway through the book 书读了一半，be〜(with sth.)完成c, 全部be wet ~ = be wet all over 浑身湿透push / force / squeeze one’s way through the crowd挤过人群go through / experience / undergo great changes 经历巨大变化all through one’s life = throughout one’s life 终身see througha.看穿see 〜sb. / one’s trickb. see sth. / sb. through 干完；帮助...度过难关live througha.活过~the nightb.经历~~（= experience）two world warsput sb. through (to sb.) 为某人接通电话45. throughout[θru:'aut]prep遍及；贯穿throughout history / the year,throughout the world 全世界46. throw[θrəʊ]vt.扔；掷；拋；投~ the ball to me 扔给，〜the stone at the dog 向….扔去throw on / off匆细穿上/ 脱下~ on / off one’s coat，throw off摆脱~~a bad coldthrow sth. away扔掉, throw the door open猛烈推开门n.within a stone's throw (of...)附近He lives within a stone's throw of the school.47. thunder['θʌndə]n. 雷；雷声hear the~,a 〜of applause 雷鸣般的掌声vi. 打雷It ~ed all night.48. thus[ðʌs]adv.a.如此，这样thus far = so farb.因此thus doing sth., The new machine will work twice as fast, thus greatly reducing costs.49. tiden潮(汐)；潮流；趋势Time and ~ wait for no man,发月不等人.50. tidy['taidi]adj.整齐的，整洁的dean and ~干净整洁51. tie[tai]vt. 系；检；扎〜a sheep to the tree,with his hands tied behind him 双手反綁着~up a parcel n. 领带buy a 〜to go with one’s shirt, tie a tie 打(领)结52. time [taɪm]n. a. 时间What’s the time?b. 倍Three times four is twelve.c. 次Many a time has he been told not to swim in the river.d. 时代Times are different, keep pace with the limes 与时俱进all the ~一直，始终，at the same ~ 同时，ahead of time/on time 提前/准时at any time / moment随时，some time or other 某个时候at one ~ a. 曾经，一度 At one ~ they were good friends.b. 同时Don’t speak at one ~.cf: at a ~一次 borrow two books at a ~at no time 决不At no time will China turn superpower. 中国决不会成为超级大国.by the time到…为止 By the time you come back, he’ll have finished thework.for the time being暂吋，have a good / wonderful time 'from dine to time / at times时常；不时in time be in ~ for the train / to catch the train, in no time 立刻，马上once upon a time, time and again一次一次地，反复Time flies.光阴似箭。

I1.idea[aɪ'dɪə]n.have some/no〜of I haven’t the slightest / faintest / least ~ (of) what you mean.get/ have a general / rough ~of, come up with an idea 提出/ 想出一个主意A good ~ occurred to / struck me. force one’s ~s on sb, Do you get the ~？你明白吗？2. ideal[aɪ'dɪəl]adj.理想的；完美的an ~ place for a holidayn．理想realize one's ideals3.identification[aɪ,dentɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]n．a.识别，鉴定The ~ of the victims took some time. 鉴定遇难者身份需要时间，b.身份(证明）ID (=identification) card / identity card 身份证，Let me see your ~ . 4．identify[ai'dentifai]vt. a.认出；鉴定~sb / sth (as...)~ one’s umbrella, ~ the criminal with the help of the DNA technology,~ A with B认为A等同Bb.~ with sb认同；同情5.if[ɪf]conj.as ~ /as though，even if / though,if possible/necessary 如果有可能/ 有必要，if invited ,if I were in your position, If only I knew the answer /1 had passed theexam.要是...该多好啊If it hadn’t been for / But for/Without your help, we wouldn't have succeeded.6.ignorance['ɪgn(ə)r(ə)ns]n.无知be in ~ of对...无知, take advantage of one’s youth and~利用某人的年幼无知7.ignorant['ɪgn(ə)r(ə)nt]adj.无知的；不知道的be ignorant of / tha t 不知道8.ignore[ɪg'nɔː]vt.忽视；不顾~ sb / one’s advice / personal danger cf: neglect9.ill[ɪl]adj. a.fall illb.坏的ill name / news / luckadv.坏think / speak ill of sb.讲某人坏话10.illegal[ɪ'liːg(ə)l]adj.非法的It's ~ for sb to do sth.It’s ~ for us to hunt wild animals.ir regular / in visible / im practical11.illustrate['ɪləstreɪt]vt.(用图或例子)说明~ one’s point / talk, ~ a book with pictures, well-~d books 12.illustration[ɪlə'streɪʃ(ə)n]n. a.插图 a dictionary with ~sb.例证an ~ of the dangers of smoking13.image['ɪmɪdʒ]n.图像；形象improve / hurt one's ~He's the (very) ~ of his father.他很像他的父亲。

J1,jail[dʒeɪl]n. 监狱；看守所be sent to〜/ prisonv. be ~ed for life for murder 因杀人被终身监禁2.jamvt. 把…挤进；塞贤〜one’s clothes into a bag, be ~med/ crowded with passengersvi. 挤紧~in a liftn. a. be caught in a traffic ~遇到交通堵塞b.果酱3. jealous ['dʒeləs]adj.羡慕的；嫉妒的be ~ of sb / one’s success jealousy n.4. jewel ['dʒuːəl]n. [c] 宝石lock one’s ~s in a safe 把宝石锁在保险箱里cf: jewellery [u]5. join [dʒɔɪn]v. a. 参加；加入~ sb / a club / the party / the League / the armyb. ~ sb in (doing) sth和...一起做~ us in the discussion / in congratulating him on his successc. ~ in = take part in 参加~ in the game / discussiond. 连接~A to B ~ this wire to that one,join up 参军；联合起来6.joint [dʒɔɪnt]n. 结合处，关节a finger / knee ~adj.共同的；联合的a ~ / combined effort联合的努力，take ~ action, a ~ venture合资企业7. joke [dʒəʊk]n. play a ~ on sb开…玩笑，play a practical ~ on sb和某人开恶作剧的玩笑make a ~ about = ~ about 拿…开玩笑vi.~ with sb about sth8.journey ['dʒɜ:nɪ]n. make / go on / take a ~ to sp去某地旅行，Have a safe / pleasant ~ !一路平安！vi. ~ to sp, ~ to the ends of the earth奔赴地球的天涯海角9. joy [dʒɔɪ]n. 欢欣; 高兴; 乐亊to one’s great joy使某人大为高兴的是，be wild with joy欣喜若狂10. judge [dʒʌdʒ]vt. 判断；审判；评判~ sb / sth (by / from), ~ sb (to be) + adj. / n. / prep., ~ it + adj + to do sthDon’t ~ a man by his appearance / looks. Never judge a book by its cover.~ sb (to be) guilty / innocentWe ~ it better to start at once. ~ a murder case 审判一起谋杀案vi. as far as I can ~, ~ from / by Judging from his accent, he must be from the south.n. 法官; 裁判a high court ~ judgment n.11. judgment ['dʒʌdʒmənt]n. 判断pass ~ on对…作出判决，a man of good ~，in one’s ~ 在...看来12. jump [dʒʌmp]vi. ~ / plunge into the water, jump with joy高兴地跳起来~ to a conclusion匆忙下结论vt. ~ the queue插队n. high / long ~ 跳高/跳远, a ~ in prices13.junior ['dʒuːnɪə]adj.较年幼的；地位/等级较低的~ / senior / superior / inferior toHe’s 2 years ~ to me / younger than I. = He’s ~ to me / younger than I by 2 years.14. junk [dʒʌŋk]n.废旧杂物；破烂；蹩脚货junk food垃圾食品15. just [dʒʌst]adv. 正好；恰好；只是；刚才This is just the book / the very book I’m after.~ in time for the last train. Just as he has achieved his life ambition, he dies.adj. 正义的；公正的support the ~ cause 支持正义事业justice n. justify vt.16. justice ['dʒʌstɪs]n. 公平；公正；正义 a sense of ~ 正义感，bring sb to justice使(犯人)归案受审17.justify ['dʒʌstɪfaɪ]vt. 证明…正当(或有理/公正)；为…辩护~ one’s action 证明…行为是正当的Nothing can ~ your cheating in the exam.。

G1.gainn获得; (pl)收益No pain, no ~s = No gains without pains. 不劳则无获vt获得；得到~weight长胖/ 2 minutes a day / experience / still greater successgain an advantage over sb 胜于；优于vi收益；获益~ in popularity，~ from / by 从…中获益2.gap na. 豁縫；缺口fill the ~b. 隔阂the generation ~ 代沟c. 差距narrow / close / bridge the ~ between the rich and the poor 缩小贫富之间的差距3.gathervi集合；聚集. ~ around sb 聚在某人周围vt使集合；收集~ information syn assemble4.gaze [geiz] vi 注视；凝视~ at sth凝视n fix one’s ~ oncf:stare at 盯着看, glare at 怒视, glance at 匆匆一看5.generaladj普遍的；总的a matter of - interest, have / get a ~idea of sth; as a ~ rule 通常, the general public 公众n a.将军 b. in ~ = generally speaking —般说来;总的说来6.generation[dʒenə'reɪʃ(ə)n]n一代pass sth on from ~ to ~一代代传下去, narrow / close / bridge the generation gap 缩小代沟7.generous['dʒen(ə)rəs] adj 慷慨的，大方的be ~ with one’s money / to sb, It’s 〜of sb to do sth.8.gentle adj温和的；柔和的 a ~ person，a ~ breeze, be ~ with sb对…温和9.genuine['dʒenjʊɪn]adj真正的；非伪造的；真诚的~（= real) leather 真皮, The painting isn’t ~. ~ friendship 真挚友谊10.gesture['dʒestʃə]n 手势；姿势communicate by ~v 做手势~ to sb to keep quiet11. get sb to do sth=have sb do sth, get the car startedget sb / sth doing 使...开始做，get the car goingget across a.横穿b.被理解;讲清楚get one's ideas across to the studentsget along/on with sb. 和...相处He's getting on well with his colleagues.get on (with sth) 进展How are you getting on with your studies?get away 离开；逃脱，get down to. 开始认真对待~ ~ business / work开始谈正经事/工作get into trouble, get into/out of a bad habit 染上/改掉坏习惯get in a word 插嘴，get on / off the bus, get into / out of a carget together聚会，have a get-together 举行一次聚会，get to / arrive at / in / reach get over sth a.恢复You’ve got a bad cold. I hope you will soon get over it.b.克服get over the difficulty / get over itget the most out of 最有效地使用，get up,get straight A’s 获全Aget through 穿过；完成；通过；接通〜〜the tunnel / the work / an examget rich quick暴富，get cross (= angry)生气.12.giftn 礼物；天赋have a〜/talent for有…的天赋have a〜for music 有音乐的天赋a man of many〜s 多才多艺的人vt a 〜ed/talented artist有天赋的艺术家13.give awaya.捐赠〜〜all the money to the poorb.颁发〜〜prizes at the meetingc.未抓住；断送〜〜one's chance of winning the gamed.泄露，出卖〜〜the secret to sbgive in (to sb / sth) 屈服；让步；投降；上交He’d rather die than - in.他宁死不屈give off放出；发出~ ~steam / lightgive up 放弃；自首~ ~ smoking / give up halfway, give oneself up to the police 向警方自首give out a. = hand out 分发b.发出(声音)；放出~ ~ sound / poisonous gasesc.用完；精疲力竭；耗琢Our food supplies gave out. My strength gave out.d.公布It’s given out that…give way坍塌give way to让位于；被…代替；屈服，Give my best regards to him.give one’s life for / lay down one’s life for / die for 为...牺牲14.glance [gla:ns]vi匆匆一瞥~ at one’s watchn at a ~ 一看就，take/ have/ cast a ~ at匆匆一看，at first ~乍一看15. global[gləubəl]adj全球的；全世界的global warming 全球气候变暖n globe16.go swimming / fishing / shopping / boating, go down下去，下沉go after追逐，go all out全力以赴, as time goes on / with time going on随着时间的推移go back (to...)回顾，追溯，go back to the past, go back to / date back to / date from the 1960’s let …go = let go of 松开/ 放了let the rope go = let go of the rope,be let go by the police 被瞥察放走go in for a.参加(考试/比赛）~ ~ ~ an examb.选择~ ~ ~ teachingc.爱好~ ~ ~ sportsgo out出去；熄灾，go over复习；走到另一边；仔细检查，go to extremes走极端go on doing sth / go on with sth = continue to do / doing sth cf: go on to do sth接下来做另一件事go round a.足够分配There aren’t enough tools to~ ~.b.(病/故事)流传；传播c.参观，访问go with = match相配He wants to buy a tie to go with the shirt.go through (=experience)经历；通过(考试)；审査〜〜two wars,go /be through with完成go up上升~ ~ dramatically in the past fifty years,go up to走上前去It goes without saying that...不言而喻go wrong / bad / mad / blind / red发生故障/变质/发疯/变瞎/变红The machine has gone wrong.The fish has gone bad.go hungry for charity 为慈善挨饿n . have a go at (doing) sth企图/ 尝试做have a go at repairing my bike17.goal [gəʊl]n. a. 目标；目的one’s 〜in life 人生目标reach one’s 〜reach the expected goalb. 球门keep / defend the ~ 守球门c. 进球score / kick a ~ 进一球；得一分18.goodadj.be good for = do ~to对…有好处be good to sb 对待…好be good at mathsn.好处；利益do sb good = do good to sb，do more ~ than harm利多弊少for good 永远for the good / benefit of...为了It’s no good / no use / useless doing sthcf: It’s not good to do sth19.grab [græb]vt.抓住；攫取；抢夺~sth (from sb / sth)〜the wallet from one’s hand20.graden. 年级；等级；成绩get good gradesvt.将…分级;批改(作业等）grade the student’s papers21. graduate[ˈgradʒʊeɪt]vi.毕业~from Oxford hi physics / with a B.S. degreevt.使毕业~1500 studentsn. ['grssdguit] 毕业生a well-qualified ~, a ~student 研究生n. graduation 毕业after graduation21.grant [gra:nt]vt. a. 同意~a request 答应要求b. 给予；授予~sth (to sb)=~sb sth~sb permission to do sth准许某人做某亊c. 承认~the truth of what sb says承认某人所说属实take sth for granted 认为...当然；想当然I took it for ~ed that you had read the book.n.同意；给予(物)；拨款；补助金get a~得到一笔拨款23. grasp[gra:sp]n. a. 抓住lose one’s 〜on sth 松开b. 理解within / beyond one’s ~ 能/ 不能理解v. a. 抓住~an opportunityb. 理解~the main points 理解要点24.grateful['greitful]adj感激的；感谢的be (very)~/ thankful / (much) obliged to sb for sthI’m very grateful / much obliged to you for your timely help.syn owe thanks to sb for sth, show one’s appreciation for sth, extend thanks to sbexpress my sincere appreciation of your help25.gratitude['graetitju:d]n.感激express one’s ~to sb for sth, out of ~出于感激26.gravity[ˈgrævətɪ]n. a. 引力，重力the ~ of the earthb. 严肃，严重realize the ~of the situation27.greedyadj.贪婪的be ~for sth be ~ for power / fame28.greetvt.问候；招呼~sb with a smile n. greeting29.groundn. a. 地面；场地The ~ is covered with snow.b. pl 理由；根据have no ~s for complaintfind, sufficient ~s on which lo base his argument 找到足够的理由支持他的论点30.growvt.种植；栽~cotton / a beardvi. 生长；成长~from 从…发展；~ into成长为，~ up长大growing awareness of environmental protectiongrown-up =adult 成年人，grown-up ceremony 成人仪式link v.变得grow old /rich/popular as a sport grow tired of 变得厌烦n. growth 31.growthn.生长；增长in the 〜of在…生长过程中，the rapid 〜of economyenjoy an annual ~ of 5%32.guarantee[gær(ə)n'ti:]n.保证；担保a fridge with three years' ~vt.保证；担保~sth (to sb) / to do / that ~to deliver within a week33.guardn. 卫兵；哨典；看守security〜保安，keep〜守望，看守，catch sb off one’s~攻其不备on~守卫；值班，on one’s 〜against 预防，防止Be on your 〜against pickpockets, vt.守卫；保卫；看守soldiers guarding the presidentvi. guard against diseases 预防/ 防止疾病34.guess[ges]v猜测，推测~ wrong/right, ~ an answer, I ~ so / not, I ~ him to be about 30.35.guidance[ˈgaɪdns]n 指导, 引导under one’s ~ =under the ~ of sb 在某人的指引下36.guilty[ˈgɪlti]adj a.有罪的declare sb ~ , be ~ of murder犯谋杀罪b.内疚的；惭愧的have a - / clear conscience问心有愧/无愧，be ~ about对…感到惭愧37.gumn口香糖；胶；粘合剂chewing gum 口香糖vt(用胶)粘合；粘住。

R1.racen. a.赛跑run a 1500-meter ~, a horse 〜，a 〜against lime 同时间赛跑b.人神；种族the black-vi.比速度；参加赛跑~with sb. / for the prize2.rainvi. It ~ed cats and dogs.下着倾盆大雨.It never~s but it pours.祸不单行.〜or shine不管晴天还是雨天n.be caught in the heavy~, It looks like rain.3.raise [reɪz]vt. a. 举起，提升；提高~ one's hand / people's living standard / efficiency 提高效率，~ one’s voiceb. 提出~ (= put forward) a questionc. 种植~ cotton / flowersd. 饲养；抚养~ pets, ~ (= bring up ) childrene. 筹集~ money for sbf. 发出(响声)~ a cheer / a shoutn. gel a (pay) rise / raise 加工资cf: rise vi.4.random ['rændəm]n. 随意；任意at random随意地；任意地choose sth at ~ (from...)adj.随意的；随机的 a random sample随意抽取的样品5.range [reindʒ]n. a.范围price / age ~，a wide ~ of interests, offer sb a wide ~ of choiceb. 射程in / within / out of / beyond ~ 在射程/ 范围以内/ 以外c. (山脉)连续，绵亘 a ~ of mountainsvi.(在某范围内)变动，变化~ from ...to.../between...and...Their ages ~ / They ~ in age from 10 to 25. Prices ~ between 50 and 100 yuan.vt.排列~ the students in order of height按身髙的顺序排列学生6.rank [ræŋk]vt.把...列为；排列~ sb as /among…~ sb as a great writervi.排行~ first排行第一, ~ high排行很前, ~ high on the listhigh-ranking officials髙级官员n. 地位；军衔；等级people of all ~s各阶层的人们7.rapid ['ræpɪd]adj.快的; 迅速的~ development, a ~ growth in populationadv. rapidly the rapidly changing world, develop rapidly8.rare [reə]adj.稀有的；难得的；不常见的a ~ disease, ~ books / birds / elements, preserve ~ animals from extinctionIt’s ~ / uncommon / unusual for sb to do sth. It’s ~ for him to be late for school. 9.rate [reɪt]n. a. 率；比率birth / exchange ~出生率/兑换率b. 速度at a / the rate of (= at a speed of) 60 miles an hour at any rate 不管怎样c. 价格, 费用d. 等级 a first-rate (= first-class) job 一流的工作vt.认为be rated as the best student被评为最佳学生10.rather ['rɑ:ðə]adv.相当；颇 a rather cold day = rather a cold day rather too largerather more expensive or rather = to be more exact 更确切地说He would ~ die than give in.I’d rather you did n’t speak about it. rather than不愿；而不是Rather than cause trouble, he left.I’d prefer to go in summer ~ than in winter. 11.raw [rɔ:]adj. a.生的eat sth ~ 生吃Tomatoes can be eaten ~.b. 未加工过的~ materials原料12.reach [ri:tʃ]v. a. 抵达；到达~ (=arrive in / get to) Shanghaib. 伸乎拿~ for He ~ed for the dictionary.c. 达到~ one’s goald. 够得着The child is too short to ~ the table.e. ~ / come to / arrive at an agreement / a decision / a conclusion达成协议/ 作出决定/ 得出结论n. within / out of / beyond one’s ~伸手够得着/够不着Matches should be put out of the children’s ~ / out of ~ of the children.13.react [rɪ'ækt]vi. a. ~ on = have effect on 对...起作用b. ~ to对...作出反应How did he ~ to your proposal?n. reaction What was his ~ to the news?14.read [ri:d]v. a. ~ sth aloudb.~ about读到关于c. ~ out读出来d. 领会；理解~ one’s mind / the expression in one’s eyes 领会…想法/ 眼中的表情e.The letter reads as follows.The sign reads, “Keep off the grass.”The poem reads well.f.~ between the lines理解字里行间的意思15.ready ['redɪ]adj.a.乐意的；愿意的be ready to help others / be (only) too ready to help othersb.准备好的be ~ for sth / to do sth, get ~ for sth,get (everything) for the meetingc. 轻易的；易于的be ~ to believe what sb saysd. ready-made clothes 现成的衣服16.real['riəl]adj.真的；真正的~ gold / diamond / silk / leather, in real life17.realistic [,riə'lɪstɪk]adj. a.现实的 a ~ writer, Be ~b.逼真的18.realize[ˈriəˌlaɪz]vt. a.意识到；明白~ one’s mistake / the importance of environmental protectionb.实现~ one’s wish / one’s dream cf: come truen.realization19.reality[rɪ'æləti]n.现实；真实in reality = in fact / as a matter of fact / actually 事实上face ~正视现实,become/lie turned into a ~成为/被变成现实20.rear [rɪə(r)n.后部in/at the ~ of the house 在房子的后而adj.后面的the ~ / back door21.reason[ˈrizən]n. a.理由；原因for a variety of reasons, for a certain (= some) ~，reason for being latehave every ~ to do sth完全有理由做，The ~ why / for which he was absent was that he was ill.by ~ of / because of / on account of / as a result of因为b.推理力；理智vt. a.说服reason sb into / out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事b.推理；推论 A man can ~ but an animal cannot.vi.reason with sb和某人评理n.reasoning 推理；推论adj.reasonable22.rebel [ri'bel]vi.造反；反抗rebel againstn.['rebəl]反抗，造反者23.recall ['rikɔl]vt. a.回忆；回想~ sth / doing / sth to sb / sth to one's mind / thatI can’t ~ his name. I don’t ~ ever meeting him / that I ever met him.b.召回；回收recall a faulty product回收次品n.召回，唤回；回想 a product recall24.receipt[ri'si:t]n. a.收到On ~ of / On receiving the news, he left.b.收据；发票write a ~25.receive[ri'si:v]vt. a.收到~ a giftb.受到；遭到~ a warm welcome / punishmentc.接待~ guestsd.得到(反应）The book is well-received.这本书受热烈的欢迎.26.reception [rɪ'sɛpʃən]n. a.接待；接收；接受 a ~ desk 服务台，meet with a warm ~，the ~ of guests/a televisionb.招待会hold a ~n.receptionist 接待员27.recent['risnt]adj.新近的；近来的a ~ event / photo, in ~ years, A~ survey shows that...28.recite[rɪ'saɪt]vt.It’s your turn to recite.~ sth from memory 凭记忆背n.recitation29.recognize ['rekəɡnaɪz]v. a.认出~ a friend/ one’s voice on the phoneb.承认；认可~ its value,~ sb as a great writer, It is widely ~d that…c.认淸；认识到~ one’s dutyn.recognition30.recommend['rɛkə'mɛnd]vt. a.推荐；介绍~ sb sth =~ sth to sb~ me a good book a good book to meb.建议~ doing / sb to do / that sb (should) do sthn.recommendation on one’s recommendation经某人推荐31. record[ˈrekɔːd] n.a. 记录set a new world ~, hold a ~ 保持记录, break a ~ 破记录b. 唱片play the ~ 放唱片v.[rɪˈkɔːd]a. 记录~ (= write down) what sb says, have a ~ed history of 4000 yearsb. 录音~ the music/ one’s speechn.recorder32.recover[rɪ'kʌvə] vt.a. 恢复~ one’s sight / one’s health, He is perfectly ~ed.b. 找回，重新获得~ stolen goods / what was lost;vi.恢复~ from~ from one’s illness, ~ from the effects of the warn.recoverya. 恢复make a quick ~ from illnessb. 找回；重新获得the ~ of the missing watch33.recreate[riːkrɪ'eɪt]vi.消遣，娱乐；重新创造recreation [,rekrɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 消遣；娱乐34.reduce[ri'dju:s] vt.a. 减少；缩减~ pressure / quantity / speed / costs~ one’s weight from 100 pounds to 90 pounds/ by 10 poundsb. ~ sb /sth to (doing) sth使…陷于… 状态~ sb to silence/ begging使…安静/ 沦落到乞讨n.reduction35.refer[ri'fə:] v.~red/ ~ringrefer toa. 参考，査阅~ ~ a dictionary / the keyb. 提到the question referred toc. 针对；有关The remark doesn’t ~ ~ you.d. be referred to as = be known as/ be called 被称为36.reference[refərəns] n.a. 参考；查阅~ books, This is for your ~ only.b. make ~ to = refer to/ mention 提到c. with/ in ~ t o关于syn. with / in regard to / concerning / regarding / as to / as for37.reflect[ri'flekt] vt.a. 反射A mirror ~s light/ hills ~ed in the water 山在水中的倒影b. 反映~ one’s inner quality反映…的内在品质vi.~ on / upon仔细考虑~ on the problemn.reflection the ~ of heat38.refresh[ri'freʃ]vt.使清新；使振作~ oneself with a cup of coffee, be/ feel refreshed after the sleep, ~ one's memory唤起记忆39.refuse vt.拒绝~ sth/ sb sth/ to do~ a request / to answer the questionThe door ~d to shut. I was ~d admittance.不准我进去.cf: decline sth/ to do, reject sb/ sth, turn sb/ sth downn.refusal40.regard v.看待；把…看作~ … as = think of … as/ treat…as/look on …as /consider...(as) / view...as;~ sb as a heron. a. with/ in ~ to = regarding 关于b. pl 问候Give my best ~s to (= Remember me to) your parents.prep.regarding 关于41.regardless[rɪ'gɑːdlɪs]adj.不管；不顾~ of the consequences/ danger 不管后果/ 危险42.register['redʒɪstə]n.登记；注册；挂号a ~ office 登记处vt.登记；注册；挂号~ the birth of a child, ~ the car in one's name 用…名字注册a ~ ed letter 一封挂号信vi. 登记~ at a hotel/ with the police43. regret[ri'gret] vt.a. 后悔~ting, ~ted ~ doing sth后悔做了某事I ~ being unable to help you.b. 遗憾~ to say/ to tell/ to inform sb. 很遗憾地说/ 告诉某人I ~ to say I can’t come.n.遗憾to one’s ~, express/ feel ~ at / about对…表示/ 感到遗憾adj.regrettable44. regular['regjulə] adj.a. 有规律的a ~ heartbeat / verb; at ~ intervals有规律的间隔，keep ~ hours生活有规律b. 固定的~ income, have no ~ workc. 经常的；定期的~ customers/ visitors/ smokers45. regulation [regjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n]n.规章，规则；管玴；控制rules and regulations 规章制度vt.regulate管理；控制；使规律化〜the traffic管理交通，a well ~d family管理有方的家庭46. reject [rɪ'dʒekt]vt.拒绝-sth /sb;a.~ a suggestion, a-ed applicant 被拒绝的申请人b.拋弃；屏弃~ bad eggsn.rejection47. relatevt.~ sth (to sb )a.叙述，讲~ (to us) the story of his escapeb.使互有关联~ A (to B)48. related [ri'leitid]adj.有关的；相突的be (closely)〜to. The disease is - to what we eat.syn. be associated with! be connected with / be linked with / tobe relative to / be relevant to / have sth to do with49. relative ['relətɪv]n.亲属；亲戚a close / distant relative of hersadj. 有关的，相对的；比较的（be〜to= be related to, a〜pronoun关系代词50. relativelyadv. 相对地；比较地~ / strictly speakingn.relativity [relə'tɪvɪtɪ] theory of ~51. relationn.关系；亲戚establish / maintain friendly relations with', in / with relation to 关于52. relationship [rɪ'leɪʃ(ə)nʃɪp]n. (亲属)关系；联系〜between A and B, have a close ~ with sb53. relax [rɪ'læks]v. (使)放松;（使)松弛;（使)轻松；使休息~ one’s mind / efforts / oneself help people relax after a period of hard work, a relaxed atmosphere 轻松的气氛n. relaxation [riːlæk'seɪʃ(ə)n] a form of 〜一种消遣的形式;54. release [ri'li:s]vt.a. 释放；松开〜sb fron 〜（=free) sb from prison, be released into the airb.上映；发行〜sth (to sb) 〜a film/a book/a record上映电影/发行书/唱片〜the news to the public向公众发布新闻，a recently ~d film最近上映的影片n.释放；解除；发行after his 〜：from prison，the 〜of a film -55. relevant [ˈreləvənt]adj. 有关的；切题的be ~ to sth, supply facts ~ to the case56. relief [rɪ'liːf]n.a. 减轻；解除b. 宽慰；放心to one’s〜：c. 救济- funds救济金57.relieve [ri'li;v]vt.a. 减轻relieve / ease (sb of ) pain, ~ sb of a headache, - sb from anxietyb. 解除〜sb of one’s post, remove sb from one’s post 解除…职务c. 使宽慰（sb) be relieved at / to hear the news that they were safe 宽慰/ 放心地听到…n.relief58. reluctant [rɪ'lʌkt(ə)nt]adj.不情愿的；勉强的be- to do sthsyn.be unwilling to do sth.59. relyvi.依靠，~ on sb / sth (for sth / to do sth)Nowadays we ~ increasingly on computers for help / to help us,I~ on your / you coming early,syn.depend on / count on / look to sb (for sth / to do sth)60. remain [ri'mein]vi.a. 仍然是；保持~ active / good friends / sitting/ seated / in one’s memoryb. 留下/ 剩下(待做）(sth)-to be done The problem ~s to be solved.c.= stay 留下〜here / in Beijing, remainingadj.剩下的go home with the remaining $20remains n. 剩余物；遗迹/址；遗体61. remark[rɪ'mɑːk]v.评论~ on/upon n 评论；话make remarks about 对…评论62. remarkable [rɪ'mɑːkəb(ə)l]adj.a.显著的~ changes, make ~ achievements,be ~ for = be famous / known / distinguished / noted forb.非凡的a ~ memoryc. 异常的It’s ~ (= strange) that I should not have been told.63. remembervt.a.~ to do sth记住要做.；cf: ~ doing记得曾做了b. Remember me to your parents. 代我向你父母问好。

O1.obey v服从；听从~ sb / sth ~one’s parents / one’s orders / traffic rules2.object ['ɒbdʒɪkt] v 不赞成；反对~ to (doing) sth = oppose / be opposed to /have an objection to (doing) sthobject to the plan/ your going abroadn[-dʒekt]a. 物体heavy ~s重的物体b. 目标= objectivec.对象d. 宾语the direct / indirect 直接/间接宾语3.objection[əb'dʒekʃ(ə)n]n反对；异议raise / voice an ~ 提出异议，have no / an - to (doing) sth4.objective[əb'dʒektɪv]adj 客观的an ~ test, be ~ about sthn目的；目标have an ~ in view心中有一个目标5.oblige[ə'blaɪdʒ]vta. 迫使oblige sb to do sth (sb) be obliged to do sthParents are ~d by law to send their children to school.法律规定父母有义务送孩子上学.b. 感激be ~d to sb for sth I’m much ~d to you for your help.n obligation6.observe[əb'zɜːv]vt a.观察~ the starb.看到,注意到~sb do / doing sthc.遵守~/ obey the lawd．庆祝~ Christmas 过圣诞节n observation7.obstacle ['ɒbstək(ə)l]n障碍(物）clear up an ~ 淸除障碍，an ~ to progress/success 成功的障碍8.obtain[əb'teɪn]vt获得；得到~ knowledge / a scholarshipsyn acquire / gain9.obvious ['ɒbvɪəs]adj 显而易见的，明显的be ~ to sbIt is obvious (to sb) that …显然，很明显syn clear / apparent / evident; plain / distinct10.occasion[ə'keɪʒ(ə)n]n a.时刻；时候on this ~此时，on occasion有时，on the ~ of 在…的时候b.场合I only wear a tie on special ~s. occasion on which / when / where11.occupation[ɒkjʊ'peɪʃ(ə)n]n职业；工作He’s a lawyer by ~ (= by profession)他是专职律师.12.occupy['ɒkjʊpaɪ]vt a. 占据；占领~the cityb. 占(时间/ 空间）~/take up time / space, Is this seat occupied?d. be ~ied in doing sth / with sth = be busy doing / be engaged in doing 忙于做某事13.occur[ə'kɜː]vi~red / ringa. = happen 发生Serious floods ~red in many parts of China in 1998.b. 被想到(sth) ~ to sb, An idea occurred to / struck me = I struck on / hit on an idea.我想到一个主意.It never occurred / didn’t ~ (to sb) that ...It never occurred to me that he would object.14.odd[ɒd]adj a. 古怪的wear ~clothes, It’s ~(=strange) that . . .b. do ~jobs 打零工c. The odds / chances are that …很可能…15.offadv离开I must be off now.我得走了. take off起飞；脱下，put off (doing) sth推迟turn / switch / shut off 关，call off取消，have/ take a day off 休息一天be badly/well off生活艰苦/过得好，cut off中断，坎掉，断水/断电prep离开pay off one’s debts 还清债，Keep off the grass, an island off the coast16.offend[ə'fend]vt冒犯；得罪I hope I haven’t ~ed you. ant defendbe ~ed (= angry) with sb for sth / at sb's words n offenceI7.offencen a.犯法行为，过错commit an ~ 犯罪b. 冒犯；得罪take offence生气18.offer['ɒfə]vt a. 提供；提出offer sb sth，offur sth to sb (for sth)，offer to do sth~sb one’s seat,~ a reward for any information about the murder, He〜ed to help me,b. 出(价);(开)价〜(sb) 100 yuan for the bicycle (向某人)出价100元买这辆自行车n 提议；提供；开价make an ~, decline an ~ of help19.omit [ə(ʊ)'mɪt]vt a.省略；删除~the wordb.遗漏，忘记Don’t ~ to lock / locking the door.n omission20.onadv talk on and on, and so on (and so forth)put on, turn on /switch on, The film has been on for 5 minutes,prep a. on the morning of July 1b. 在…旁；临近London is on the Thames, a town on the coastc. 一…就on discovering the errord 是…成员on the football teame. 关于a book / lecture / report on sth，opinions / views on sthon holiday, on fire, on business, be based on sth, call on sb , call on sb to do sthlive on / feed on rice, keep on talking, feed a cat on fish, look down on sb 瞧不起comment on sth = make comments on sth, look back on one’s childhood21.onceconj 一旦. Once (it is) seen, it will never be forgotten,adv at once, all at once = all of a sudden，once in a while 偶尔once again =once moreonce every four years 每4年一次，once upon a time从前once and for all 一劳永逸地22.oneselfpron behave / dress / enjoy / seat oneself, make oneself understood / heardI’m not myself today.(身体/ 情绪)不好23.onlyadj唯一的；仅有的an only child独也子女adv only a little / a few，if only要是...多好啊If only I knew the answer,only too非常only too pleased /glad to do sth I’m only too glad to help you.Only by eating / when you eat a balanced diet can you keep fit / healthy.Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it also makes us feel active,24.openadj & v He likes to sleep with the windows〜.in the〜（air)在户外,keep one’s eyes 〜be open(ed) to the public 向…公众开放，be ~ed to traffic 通车,be ~ed for business 开张营业25.operate ['ɒpəreɪt]vi运转；动手术The machine doesn't ~smoothly. ~on sb 给…动手术vt操作；使运转；经营~a computer, ~ (= manage) a factory,operating system 操作系统26.operation [ɒpə'reɪʃ(ə)n]n操作；运转；经营；手术;(作战)行动in〜实施中；操作/运转中come into〜/bring/put sth into〜(使)实施;(使)开始工作/运转n operator操作员；报务员27.opinion [ə'pɪnjən]n 意见；看法in one’s opinion, have a good/high /low opinion of对…评价好/ 不好be of the ~that = think that 认为，voice / air / express one’s opinions发表意见Opinions on the matter vary from person to person / vary widely.28.opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtju:nətɪ]n机会have / miss / seize an 〜(of doing / to do)take every ~ to practise speaking English 利用每次机会练习讲英语I’d like to take this ~ to thank you / of thanking you. cf: chance29.oppose[ə'pəʊz]vt反对；反抗〜(doing) sth, be opposed to (doing) sth 反对某事I’m strongly opposed to your suggestion / your going abroad,as opposed to与…对照/ 对比30.opposite['ɒpəzɪt; -sɪt]n.对立面；对立物do / think just the ~adj.对面的，相反的on the ~side of the street,in the ~directionbe~to在…对面；与相反take a seat~(to) meprep在…的对面live ~the theatre31.oppress[ə'pres]vt 压迫；压制~the poor, the oppressed 被压迫的人n.oppression32.option['ɒpʃ(ə)n]n. 选择(权）have no choice/alternative but to do sth别无选择；不得不adj.optional任选的~course选修课33.orconj或则；否则either…or…,whether…or…a day or two / one or two daysa year or so = about a year,or rather更确切地说or else否则Work hard, or / or else / otherwise you will fail in the exam.34.ordern. a.命令give ~s, obey an ~b.点菜；定购May I take your order now?我现在可为你点菜吗？place an ~ for sth (with sb)(向某人)定/订购某物c.次序；秩序in proper~ 按适当的顺序in ~妥当；正常out of ~ 紊乱；出故障put sth in ~把…整理好keep ~护秩序law and order 法治in ~to / thatvt. a.命令~ sb to do sth / that sb should do sthb.叫(饭菜/ 饮料)；定购~2 coffees~some books from the shopadj.orderly 整齐的；有秩序的anize[ˈɔ:gənaɪz]vt.组织organize a partyanizer 组织者anization 机构；组织government~ 政府机构36.o rigin['ɔrɪdʒɪn]n.起源the Origin Of Species物种起源He is of French 〜原籍37.original[ə'rɪdʒənl]adj.最初的；原创的；独创的the - plan / editionn.原物；原文I want the~, not a copyread the book in the ~读选本书的原版originate v.~ in / from... 起源于38.other thana.除了We can’t get there ~~ by ship.There is nothing we can do ~ ~ wait.b.非；不同于The truth is quite ~~what you think.39.out ofa.从...里面choose sth out of / from sthb.出于out of curiosity 出于好奇c.缺乏；没有run out of petrol 用完汽油out of danger脱离危险Out of sight,out of mind.40.outline ['aʊtlaɪn]n. 提纲；要点a general ~of Chinese historyvt.概述；概括~the plan41.outlookn. a.观点，看法have a positive ~on lifeb.前景，景色The room has a fine ~.42.outputn.产量；输出double the ~ 使产量翻一翻increase the ~by 30%43.outstandingadj.突出的；出众的~achievements特出的成缋vi.stand out突出44.overprep. a. over the deskb. jump over the obstaclec.在...期间，经过(一段时间）have a chat over a cup of teadiscuss sth over lunchd. talk sth over with sb = discuss sth with sbe. get over the cold / the difficulty / get over sth 克服/恢复adv. The meeting is over.over and over = over and over again / again and again / (all) over again45.overcome [əʊvə'kʌm]vt. 克服；战胜~a difficulty = get over / smooth away a difficulty46.overflow[əʊvə'fləʊ]vi & n.泛滥；溢出；充满The river overflowed its banks.47.overlook[əʊvə'lʊk]vt. a.忽视~the problem / mistakeb.俯瞰Our room ~s the sea.48.overnightadv.在晚上；在整个夜间；突然become famous overnight —举成名50.owe[əʊ]vt owe... toa.把...归功于~success to hard work / sb,He owed his success more to hard work than to good luck.b.感谢~ a lot/ thanks to sbc.欠~ sb 20yuan = ~ 20yuan to sb51.owing tosyn due to / because of / as a result of / as a consequence of / on account of/by reason of由于52.ownadj自己的of one’s ~自己的，a bike of his ~，on one’s ~ = by oneself 单独in one’s own way, see sth with one’s ~ eyes亲眼看到vt拥有；所有= possess。