how-to-get-the-poor-off-our-conscience翻译+原文

我想反映人类最古老的运动之一，其中多年来的过程，甚至数百年来，我们已承诺得到过我们的良知穷人。

富国和穷国共同生活，总是很不舒服，有时甚至达到危险的，因为时间的开始。

普鲁塔克率领说：“一个与富国和穷国，是共和国最古老，最致命的疾病。

”而继续合作，从出现的问题的富裕和贫穷的存在不平衡，尤其是过程，是好运在别人的厄运存在的理由- 已经一个世纪知识分子的当务之急。

他们继续这样做我们自己的时间。

一开始圣经提出的解决办法：穷人受害这个奇妙的世界，但在未来的回报。

在贫困是一种暂时的不幸，如果他们是穷人，也温顺，他们最终将继承地球。

这是，在某些方面，一个极好的解决方案。

它允许富人享受他们的财富，而穷人嫉妒他们的未来的财富。

[哈里克鲁斯的“页，从格鲁吉亚的无辜”讨论生活贫困的美化。

]很多，很久以后，在21或30年后，在国富1776年出版的英国工业革命后期黎明的问题及其解决方案开始就其现代形式。

边沁，近现代的亚当斯密，想出了一个办法，以便也许五十年是非常有影响力的英国，并在一定程度时，美国的想法。

这是功利主义。

“到实用的原则，”边沁在1789年说：“是指主要的批准或不予批准任何行动都根据它的趋势似乎已经以增强或削弱党的利益的问题是幸福。

“德的确必须是自我为中心。

虽然有非常好运气，很多人以极大的厄运更多的社会问题得到解决，只要再次在边沁的话说，有“为大多数人的最大好。

”学会做了最大可能的最好的多少人，一个接受，其结果可能是不幸的许多不愉快的幸福没有送达。

在1830年的一个新公式，在不小程度的影响到今天，成为政府获得了对公共良心的穷人提供。

这是与大卫李嘉图，一个股票经纪人，和托马斯罗伯特马尔萨斯，一个神圣的名字。

熟悉的基本条件是：穷人的贫穷是穷人的过错。

它是如此，因为这是他们的过度繁殖的产品：他们却严重失控的欲望使它们繁殖到现有生活的全部限制。

这是马尔萨斯主义。

贫困现象引起了床上意味着富人不是也不应设立或其改良负责。

然而，马尔萨斯本人是不是没有一定的责任的感觉：他敦促婚礼含有对不适当和不负责任的性行为警告，警告，可以公平地说，这并没有作为节育充分有效的方法接受控制。

LESSON ONE HOW TO GET THE POOR OFF OUR CONSCIENCE1.An imbalance between the rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of republics.贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

2.Their poverty is a temporary misfortune: If they are poor and also meek, they eventually willinherit the earth.他们的贫困只是一种暂时的不幸；如果他们穷困但却温顺，他们最终将成为这个世界的主人。

3.Couples in love should repair to R.H.Macy’s, not their bedrooms.热恋的新婚夫妇应该上梅西百货公司过夜，而不是回到他们的新房。

4.The American Beauty Rose can be produced in the splendor and fragrance which bring cheerto its beholder only by sacrificing the early buds which grow up around it. And so is it in economic life. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.只有通过牺牲早期生长在其周围的花蕾，这朵以其华贵与芳香而令观众赞不绝口的美国玫瑰花后才能被培育出来。

在经济生活中亦如是。

这仅仅是自然法则和上帝律法在起作用。

5.(It has become) an economically not unrewarding enterprise.他已成为经济上收入不菲的一个行业。

h o w_t o_g e t_t h e_p o o r_o f f_o u r_c o n s c ie n c e翻译+原文如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。

成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。

这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。

5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。

h o w t o g e t t h ep o o r o f f o u rc o n s c i e n c e翻译+原文如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。

成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。

这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。

5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。

Unit One How to Get the Poor off Our Conscience Paragraph 1——111)文章大意（Abstract ）2）标题翻译(translation of the title)Meaning：如何不为穷人的存在感到内疚Translation: 如何无愧于穷人的存在Good enough？Suggested Translation3）导读讲解(Notes on Guide to Reading)（1）Paul M. Warburg Professor of Economics, Emeritus(1.1)经济学保罗•华伯格(Paul M. Warburg)荣誉教授Emeritus: retired but retaining an honorary titlecorresponding to that heldimmediately before retirement(2) Keynesian and post-Keynesian economics (1.2-3)凯恩斯经济学及后凯恩斯经济学Keynes: 凯恩斯，英国经济学家T ip: 利用Google搜索引擎，了解背景知识(Google background knowledge)Example：how to find out about Paul M. Warburg professor of Economics?搜索方法（searching skill）: ？（3）熟词偏义In 1958 Galbraith published The Affluent Society, which challenged the myth of the U.S. economy reliance on the gross national product for its social stability, positing instead that consumer s’taste for luxury goods dictated the economy’s focus at the expense of the common welfare. (2.1-4)challenge: 挑战？myth：神话？有用表达（useful expression）：at the expense/cost of 以…为代价，牺牲…以…例：He played computer games day and night at the expense of his health and studies.译文（4）the ironic tone of the writing (3.4): 讽刺笔法(5) implicit in his criticism (4.3): 春秋笔法Implicit：implied or understood though not directly expressed 含蓄的Complicit：associated with or participating in a questionable act or a crime; having complicity 同谋的；串通一气的(6) not mince words (4.5): mince words 指说话委婉，前加not则意思相反，指直言无讳Galbraith does not mince words in criticizing Reagan’s economic policy, especially his rocketing defense budget. Rocketing：rising rapidlystaggering: astonishing, shocking译文（7）熟词偏义：in the interest of （4.1 from the bottom）符合…的利益Interest: 兴趣；利益Theirs is a marriage of interest. 他们的结合是利益婚姻。

如何使我们不为穷人的存在而疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而疚。

2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。

成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。

这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。

5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。

它的本质很为人们所熟悉：穷人的贫穷是他们自己的错误。

贫穷是他们过度生育的结果。

很遗憾，他们不能控制性欲，过度生育把地球具有的养活人口的能力推向极限。

现代大学英语第六册paraphrase答案（整理版1,4,5,6,9,10,11）Lesson 1 How to get the poor off our conscience1.Virtue is ... self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2....(poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3....the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it wasonly suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned, it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, andtoilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good, it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9.Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10.George Gilder... Who tells too…the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson4 nettles1.How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it andskimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman'smind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelledto discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3....I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violentway of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4.She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval?---about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5.I t would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience aperson might have to endure.7.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would eitherbreak you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. but if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would flow on gently and8.Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. Withthe weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and...Lesson 5 The One Against the Many1. ....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social andeconomic orderThere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2. Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever after No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3.and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist otherideological temptations to ideological thinking.4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience hasa role in ideology.5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6....whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective. 1....where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.2.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.3....the only certainty in an.....abuseThe only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of humanstriving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up.Lesson6 Death of a pig1. It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with ...The murder, being premeditated, is in thefirst degree...and the smoked bacon and ham provide...questionedThe tragedy has an ending---the killing of a pig and the serving of its meat. The killing deliberately planned and carried out efficiently, is the most type of murder. However, whether pigs should end their lives that way has never been questioned.2. A pig couldn't ask for anything better or none has, at any rateA pig could not ask for any better living conditions; at least no pig has ever complained. In aword, my pig lived in a pleasant environment3.You could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting ...his stethoscopedangling ...and grinning his corrosive grinFred was quite excited about the event. He was down at the pigpen all the time. Because of his swollen joints, he moved about unsteadily. His face set apart the grass along the fence as he moved about. He was like a doctor, with his long, drooping ears dangling like a stethoscope, and he scrabbled on the ground as if he were prescribing some medicine.4.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness...full chargeof the irrigationWhen it was time to dose the pig, Fred became even more excited, and he managed to get through the fence, and acted as if he was taking charge of the medical treatment.5....and the premature expiration of a pig is...a sorrow in which it feels fully involvedIf a pig dies before he is supposed to, it is a serious matter for the whole community to remember. The whole community would share the sadness for his death.6.I have written this account in penitence and in grief, as a man who...and to explainmy...so many raised pigsThe purpose of this essay is to show that I am sorry for what has happened to my pig,since I have failed to raise the pig and cannot provide a reason why my pig could didn't grow the way other pigs have grown.7.The grave in the woods is unmarked, but ...and I know he and I...on flagless …ownchoosingThe pig's grave in the woods doesn't have a tombstone, but whenever somebody wants to visit it, Fred will show him the way.I know we will often visit it, separate or together, when we need to ponder over problems or when we are depressed.Lesson 9 The Bluest Eye1.Perhaps because they don’t have hometowns……and it never leaves them.This is perhaps because they only have places of birth, but no places where there feel at home and which they identify themselves with. But these girls are strongly influenced by their hometowns, and the influence stays with them forever even they leave their hometowns.2.Wherever it erupts, this Funk, they wipe it away…they find it and fight it until it dies.The brown girls try hard to repress their emotions and passions. However, these natural human emotions cannot be wiped out totally. Sometimes they will emerge and burst out. And they will develop, become stronger and stay with them. So whenever and wherever this Funk bursts out, the brown girls will do their best to stifle it.3.As long as his needs were physical, she could meet them—comfort and satiety.If these needs were physical, she could meet them. She could make him comfortable and give him enough or even more than enough to satisfy his physical needs.4.She had seen this little girl all of her life.Geraldine had seen black girls like Pecola at many places and many times in the past.5.Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything.On the one hand, they (girls like Pecola) were ignorant and uncomprehending. They did not ask the question that why their lives were so miserable. On the other hand, as they were poverty-stricken and practically had nothing, their eyes revealed their desire for anything that could make their lives easier.6.The end of the world lay in their eyes, and the beginning, and all the waste in between.In the eyes of these girls one can see that they were in despair, without any hope for the future, and that their life was nothing but a waste.7.Th e girls grew up knowing nothing of girdles……the bills of their caps backward.As the girls were growing into young women, they had neverworn girdles to make their figure look slimmer, and thus more elegant; and when the boys grew up, they just began to wear their caps with the bills turned backward to indicate that they had become adults.Lesson 10 Notes on the English Character1.Saint George may caper on banners and……who delivers the goods.As Saint George is a hero, the person of arms, symbolizing chivalry, his image often appears on banners, and his name is often mentioned in the speeches of politicians. Saint George is used as a symbolic figure for political purposes. But John Bull is a tradesman and he delivers the goods we need in our daily life while making money at the same time.2.With its boarding-houses, its compulsory games……all proportion to itsnumbers.The English public schools have unique features. First, all boys live in boarding houses. Second, sports and games are organized and compulsory as part of the school curricular. Third, older students have special duties to help control younger students while the latter must do jobs for the former. Lastly, great emphasis is placed on good form and team spirit. These features enable the public school students to have disproportionately great influence.3.Note the word “bankrupt”……anxious to meet any liabilities.Pay attention to my use of the word “bankrupt”, a word related to business. This reveals my identity as a member of the commercial nation, who would be careful and sensible enough to avoid any risks of failing to pay their debts.4.But my friend spoke as an Oriental……but of kingly munificence andsplendor.But my friend expressed his views as a member of the Oriental countries. They are nourished by a tradition of great generosity and richness, which is different from the English tradition of middle-class prudence.5.True love in this differs from gold and clay……not to take away.In this aspect, true love is different from material things such as clay or even gold which can be divided and taken away. Yet, if we share true love, it will never diminish.6.I will now descend from that dizzy……my business of notetaking.In the above anecdote, I have become an example of the English man for the moment. That put men in a high position which makes me dizzy and its unfamiliar to me. I will now come down from that height and return to my role as your commentator on the characteristics of the English man.7.Such a combination is fruitful, and anyone who possesses it had gone a longway toward being brave.The Englishman’s nervous system acts promptly and feels slowly. The combination of the two qualities is useful, and anyone who has this combination is most likely to be brave.8.Since literature rests on national character……hidden spirits…we see.As literature is based on national character, there must be in the English nature hidden resources of passion that have produced the great romantic literature we see.9.“Oh, I’m used to Bernard Shaw; monkey tricks don’t hurt me.That kind of criticism is just like Bernard Shaw’s attacks. It is nothing new and I’m used to these tricks and jokes; they won’t do any harm to me.10.And the “tolerant humorous attitude”...bounded by the titter and the guffaw.The Englishmen think they have a tolerant and humorous attitude toward criticism.In fact it is not so, because their attitude is limited by uncomfortable laughter, which indicates that beneath the surface of their tolerant humorous attitude, they are uneasy. When they try to be humorous and brush aside criticism, they would titter and guffaw. Such uncomfortable laughter is a sign of uneasiness.11.The cats are all out of their bags, and diplomacy cannot recall them.I have already made all my opinions known to you. What is said is said, and beingdiplomatic cannot unsay what has been said.Lesson 11 Beauty1.The festival of marriage has……can see their glory.In wedding ceremony, time seems to go slowly so everybody, even a fool, could observe things clearly and see how wonderful they are.2.So I can make up my darling……in her girlhood.My daughter may feel she has missed something when she was young. If so, I wish I could make compensation to her now, before she is married.3.The glow of happiness has to cool……crystalli ze into memory.With the passing of time, you will feel a bit more detached from the happy event and then you can recall things more clearly and they will stick in your mind.4. A wedding gown will eventually grow ……seep out of the brightest day.The clothes made for the occasion of wedding, though kept in a box specially treated to repel moths, will have a moldy smell as time goes on; flowers will gradually lose their color and die and even the brightest day will grow dim.5.I feel certain that genuine bea uty……alone but out in the world.I firmly believe that true beauty is not shallow and it exists not because we think itexists but because it actually exists outside of us.6.Yet I persist in believing there is……this tingle than an evolutionary reflex.An evolutionary response cannot adequately explain why there is this physical feeling of excitement. There must be another more important reason—beauty.7.You cannot pursue the law of nature……without pumping into the beauty.If you try to study the law of nature, very soon you will encounter beauty. The study of the law of nature will inevitably lead to the discovery of beauty.8.Because the Creation puts……beauty is free and inexhaustible.Since the birth of the universe, everything in it has revealed its own wonder continuously. Unlike ordinary commodities which cost money and whose supply is limited, beauty is free and inexhaustible.9.Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us.When God created us, He also created beauty.10. I find in that infinity a profound source of meaning and hope.This close relationship makes us see life is meaningful and worth living. Human beings are exactly and wonderfully made for life on Earth. We are powerful. We can appreciate beauty. We have a bright future.。

如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚1.我想认真地思考人类最古老的一种活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克说：“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题。

成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道：在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难：如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决方法。

这样一来，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后——贫穷不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰里米•本瑟姆，这位与亚当•斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著，这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”本瑟姆在1789年指出，“也就是在每次行动中，依照政党各方利益受影响的好坏趋势，来赞同刚或则否决该项行动的原则。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循本瑟姆的——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多人的利益，然而对于那些利益没有被满足的人来说，这个结果是悲哀的。

5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

这是与股票家戴维•里卡多和托马斯•罗伯特•马尔萨斯神父联系在一起的。

它的本质很为人们所熟悉：穷人的贫穷是他们自己的错误。

贫穷是他们过度生育的结果。

很遗憾，他们不能控制性欲，过度生育把地球具有的养活人口的能力推向极限。