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第二节推理判断题一、细节推断题(2019·全国Ⅱ，B)“You can use me as a last resort(选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule，or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up，“Alright.Yes，I’ll do it.”I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still，most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.V olunteering just feels so good.In that sense，I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?24．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?A．She knows little about the club.B．She isn’t good at sports.C．She just doesn’t want to volunteer.D．She’s unable to meet her schedule.答案 C解析推理判断题。
姓名，年级：时间：三、数字计算题（2018·全国Ⅲ,A)Welcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6。
Approximate travel times：Windermere—20 minutes，Kendal—25 minutes，Lancaster-45 minutes，Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.By Rail:The nearest station is Cark.inCartmel with trains to Carnforth,Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports。
Opening TimesSunday－Friday (closed on Saturday)11∶00am－4∶00pm，30th March －2nd November。
Admission ChargesHall ＆ Gardens GardensAdults：￡12.00 ￡8。
00Groups: ￡9。
00 ￡5.50Special EventsProducers' Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks。
Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening，making it one of the most popular events in gardening。
二、代词指代题(2019·全国Ⅱ，A)My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress，Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and frightening，but they’re also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt’s about two sisters—Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari，a young student.In trying to connect to her sister，Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant.There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around.After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population，a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。
姓名，年级：时间：第四节主旨大意题一、标题归纳题（2018·11月浙江，C）I start every summer with the best of intentions：to attack one big book from the past，a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental：Moby Dick on a three.day cross。
country train trip;The Magic Mountain in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors，no telephones or televisions in the rooms，and little to do beyond row on the salt pond。
Attempting The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii，my native state,however，was less fruitful： I made it through one and a quarter volumes (册),then decided that I'd got the point and went swimming instead。
But this summer I find myself at a loss.I’m not quite interested in Balzac，say，or Tristram Shandy。
There’s always War and Peace,which I’ve covered some distance several times，only to get bogged down in the “War" part，set it aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank.How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into The Waves or Justine，which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.And then there’s Stendhal’s The Red and the Black，which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail(鸡尾酒) of the summer,created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back Forty.It is easy to drink,and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea.Cecconi's theory: “I take whatever’s fresh at the greenmarket and turn it intoliquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park，making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once，lying on uncut grass with eyes shut，sun beating through the lids。
姓名，年级：时间：二、代词指代题（2019·全国Ⅱ，A)My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co.author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads。
MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds。
Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress,Miss Trunchbull,are equally funny and frightening，but they’re also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt’s about two sisters—Eri，a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping，and Mari，a young student.In trying to connect to her sister,Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnThere was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did,but the horror story is brilliant。
第四讲主旨大意题A(2016·齐鲁名校高三第一次联考)These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint.Green buildings can also refer to environmentally friendly houses，factories，and offices.Green building means“reducing the effect of the building on the land”，Taryn Holowka of the U．S. Green Building Council (评议会) in Washington，D．C.，said.According to Holowka，building accounts for 65 percent of total U．S. electricity use.But green buildings can reduce energy and water use.Also，the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways，so that people can drive their cars less.That could be good for the environment，because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution.Green buildings are often built on developed land，so that the buildings don’t destroy forests.Marty Dettling is project manager for a building that puts these ideas into action.The Solaire has been called the country’s first green highrise building.According to Dettling，“We’ve reduced our energy use by onethird and our water by 50 percent.”The Solaire cuts energy i n part by using solar power.“On the face of the building we have solar panels (光板) which change the sun’s energy into electricity，”Dettling explained.The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room.In addition，the building has lots of windows，allowing people to use the sun for light during the day.The Solaire cuts water by reusing it.Not everyone is eager to move into a green building，however.Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources.Anyhow，Holowka said，“It’s going to be big.”【解题导语】本文介绍了绿色建筑。
在建筑的寿命周期内，最大限度地节约资源(节能、节地、节水、节材)、保护环境和减少污染，为人们提供健康、适用和高效的使用空间，与自然和谐共处。
1．A green building means________．A．a building that uses no electricityB．a building that saves energy and waterC．a building occupying less landD．a greencolored building解析：选B。
细节理解题。
根据第一段第一句和第三段第一句，绿色建筑为节约能源和水的环保建筑。
2．A green building is often built on an area of land________．A．which has already been for buildingsB．which has thick forests aroundC．where people of high income liveD．where traveling around by car is most convenient解析：选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段的最后一句可知，绿色建筑常建在已经开发过的土地上，以便不再毁坏森林。
3．When Holowka says in the last paragraph，“It’s going to be big”，she means that green buildings________．A．will be more comfortableB．will be more environmentally friendlyC．will become popular in futureD．will take the place of traditional buildings解析：选C。
推理判断题。
根据语境可推知绿色建筑是今后的发展方向，从长远来看将会普及、流行。
4．Which is the main idea of the passage?A．Dettling designed the first green building in the U．S.B．Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design.C．The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings.D．Green buildings help save the environment.解析：选D。
文章大意题。
从全文来看，本文主要话题是“绿色建筑有助于环保、节能”。
B(2016·浙江大学附中高考全真模拟)“My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman.He included them in his suicide note.They mark an ignoble end to a noble life，the leave taking of a truly great man.The same words could now be said for the company he left behind.Actually，the Eastman Kodak Company is through.It has been mismanaged financially，technologically and competitively.For 20 years，its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony of a century’s prosperity.One of America’s bedrock brands is about to disappear，the Kodak moment has passed.But George Eastman is not how he died，and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed.Though the ends be needless and premature，they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before.Few companies have done so much good for so many people，or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world.It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company.Kodak served mankind through entertainment，science，national defense and the stockpiling of family memories.Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility.It introduced us to The Merry Old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne，and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks.It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy，and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor，and a fallen Martin Luther King Jr.on the hard balcony of a Memphis motel.When that sailor kissed the nurse，and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba，Kodak was the eyes of a nation.From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley，Kodak took us there.Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to posterity(子孙，后代) from the Eastman Kodak Company.In an era of easy digital photography，when we can take a picture of anythingat any time，we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people.Yes，there were photographers，and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldn’t afford photographs，and so all they had to remember distant loved ones，or earlier times of their lives，was memory.Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people，grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like.Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection，to the permanence of a photograph.But it wasn’t just people whose features were savable; it was events，the sacred and precious times that families cherish.The Kodak moment，was humanity’s moment.Kodak let the fleeting moments of birthdays and weddings，picnics and parties，be preserved and saved.It allowed for the creation of the most egalitarian art form.Lo vers could take one another’s pictures，children were photographed walking out the door on the first day of school，the person releasing the shutter decided what was worth recording，and hundreds of millions of such decisions were made.And for centuries to come，those long dead will smile and dance and communicate to their unborn progeny(子孙)．Family history will be not only names on paper，but smiles on faces.The cash flow not just provided thousands of people with job，but also allowed the company’s founder to e ngage in some of the most generous charity in America’s history.Not just in Kodak’s home city of Rochester，New York，but in Tuskegee and London，and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He bankrolled(资助) two historically black colleges，fixed the teet h of Europe’s poor，and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good，Kodak did very well.Over all the years，all the Kodakers are essential parts of that monumental legacy.They prospered a great company，but they—with that company—blessed the world.That is what we should remember about the Eastman Kodak Company.Like its founder，we should remember how it lived，not how it died.History will forget the small men who have scuttled this company.But history will never forget Kodak.【解题导语】文章叙述了柯达公司的没落，以及柯达公司对世界作出的巨大贡献以及作者对柯达公司的敬仰。
